Measuring device for small-diameter resistivity while drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of measurement while drilling in drilling operation, in particular to a small-diameter resistivity while drilling measuring device which comprises a drill bit installed at the bottom of a drill rod, a main shaft rotationally arranged in the drill rod, hinged plates symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the drill rod, and an annular cavity formed in the drill rod. Annular frames with U-shaped sections are symmetrically arranged in the annular cavity in a sliding manner, a receiving end and a transmitting end are respectively mounted in the annular frames which correspond to each other up and down, and mounting units for limiting the transmitting end and the receiving end are arranged in the annular frames. The high-efficiency detection of measured objects with different depths and angles in a complex geological environment is realized, the vibration generated in the drilling process of the drill bit is effectively absorbed, the transmitting end and the receiving end are ensured to work in a stable environment, the measurement error caused by the vibration is avoided, and the detection precision and reliability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling while drilling measurement, in particular to a small-diameter while drilling resistivity measurement device. Background Art

[0002] Small-diameter resistivity measurement while drilling is an important part of modern oil and gas drilling technology. With the increasing difficulty of oil and gas exploration and the increasingly complex mining environment, traditional drilling methods can hardly meet the needs of precise guidance and efficient mining. In this context, measurement while drilling technology came into being. As one of the key equipment, the small-diameter resistivity measurement while drilling can measure the resistivity of the formation in real time during the drilling process, helping engineers to carry out geological guidance and formation evaluation, thereby improving drilling accuracy and oil and gas recovery rate.

[0003] The transmitter of the existing measurement while drilling device is usually installed on a fixed drill pipe, which limits the detection angle of the electromagnetic wave signal. In addition, during the drilling process, the violent vibration and impact of the drill tool can easily cause wear and damage to the components of the measurement device, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy and reliability of the device. However, with the advancement of technology, such as the successful application of the ZTS-42AP electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system under specific conditions, and the modular design and wireless transmission technology of the MWD wireless inclinometer while drilling, the measurement while drilling technology is constantly improving to adapt to more complex drilling environments.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, a patent with publication number CN116104485A discloses a downhole measurement device, in which at least two long mounting grooves are provided along the circumference of the outer side of the middle part of the drill collar body, at least one of the long mounting grooves is provided with a transmitting short section, and at least one of the long mounting grooves is provided with a battery short section, and a long cover plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drill collar body corresponding to each mounting long groove position; by arranging the battery short section, the transmitting short section, the internal pressure sensor and the external pressure sensor in the drill collar body, the accuracy of engineering parameter measurement and the stability of data transmission are improved; by arranging the first radial channel and the axial channel, wiring and routing in the drill collar body are facilitated.

[0005] However, although this technology has solved some of the original problems, there are still aspects that need further optimization to better meet actual detection needs.

[0006] 1. The installation and maintenance process of the above-mentioned prior art is relatively complicated, involving the disassembly and installation of multiple components, which increases the burden on operators in the underground working environment and increases the risk of operational errors; in addition, the fixing method of the internal pressure sensor and the external pressure sensor mainly relies on the inner annular cover plate and the outer annular cover plate. This fixing method may not provide sufficient stability when facing high-intensity vibration and impact, and may easily cause the sensor to shift or be damaged, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0007] 2. The replacement process of the battery short section in the above-mentioned prior art is relatively cumbersome, and multiple parts need to be disassembled, which increases the operation time and may delay the progress of the operation in an emergency. Secondly, the distance and position between the transmitting short section and the sensor of the device in the above-mentioned prior art are fixed, and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual geological conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory measurement results under certain special geological conditions, and the performance of the device cannot be fully utilized.

[0008] Therefore, based on the above-stated viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in the existing measurement while drilling devices. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a small-diameter resistivity while drilling measurement device, including a drill bit installed at the bottom of a drill rod, a main shaft connected to the drill bit at the bottom is rotatably arranged in the drill rod, a hinge plate is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the drill rod, an annular cavity is opened inside the drill rod, an annular frame with a U-shaped cross-section is symmetrically slidably arranged in the annular cavity, a receiving end and a transmitting end are respectively installed in the upper and lower corresponding annular frames, and an installation unit for limiting the transmitting end and the receiving end is arranged in the annular frame.

[0010] The installation unit includes a plurality of partition plates evenly arranged on the inner wall of the annular frame along the axis thereof, the space between two adjacent partition plates forms an installation cavity, the upper and lower inner walls of the installation cavity are both provided with pull springs, and an installation frame is arranged between the corresponding pull springs.

[0011] Preferably, the receiving end and the transmitting end are detachably arranged in the mounting frames on the upper and lower annular frames, and extension plates are also arranged on both sides of the mounting frames, and an anti-vibration plate is arranged at one end of the extension plate.

[0012] Preferably, a clamping assembly for clamping and limiting the annular frame is also provided on the inner wall of the annular cavity, including several circular grooves arranged on the inner wall of the annular cavity and distributed along its extension section, a cylinder is arranged in the circular groove, and a circular plate is arranged in the cylinder by means of a push spring.

[0013] Preferably, one side of the circular plate slides through the inner wall of the cylinder and the annular cavity and contacts the inner diameter of the adjacent annular frame.

[0014] Preferably, a conducting component for conducting electricity to the transmitting end and the receiving end is also provided inside the drill rod, including a bending groove opened in the drill rod, and the bending groove is connected with the corresponding circular groove, and adjacent cylinders are connected in series with a wire located in the bending groove, and the wire of the uppermost cylinder extends to the upper end of the drill rod corresponding to the hinged plate.

[0015] Preferably, a construction cavity is opened inside the annular frame, a conductive ring plate is installed in the construction cavity, and the circular plate is in contact with the conductive ring plate, a cable is arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and one side of the cable is plugged into the corresponding transmitting end or receiving end, and the other side passes through the inner wall of the installation cavity to be connected to the conductive ring plate.

[0016] Preferably, a conductive plate is disposed inside the hinged plate, and the bottom of the conductive plate is connected to the wire.

[0017] Preferably, a contact assembly for enhancing the signal is provided on one side of the transmitting end and the receiving end, including a telescopic plate arranged on the side of the transmitting end and the receiving end away from the corresponding installation cavity, and a contact arc plate is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic plate, and the contact arc plate corresponds to the inner wall of the annular cavity.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of return push springs distributed in an annular shape and evenly arranged along the extension section are provided on the inner wall of the annular cavity, and the return push springs distributed in an annular shape correspond to the installation cavities one by one, and their longitudinal directions correspond to the circular grooves.

[0019] Preferably, a passive arc plate is provided on one side of the reset push spring, and the passive arc plate is in conflict with an adjacent contact arc plate.

[0020] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention realizes efficient detection of objects at different depths and angles in complex geological environments by controlling the angle and distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end and combining buffering and vibration reduction mechanisms, effectively absorbs the vibration generated by the drill bit during the drilling process, ensures that the transmitting end and the receiving end work in a stable environment, avoids measurement errors caused by vibration, and greatly improves detection accuracy and reliability.

[0021] 2. The present invention realizes flexible assembly and convenient maintenance of the device through modular design and detachable structure, so that the transmitting end and the receiving end can be replaced and upgraded according to needs. The external extension rod and the drill rod are connected by a pin shaft, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and can flexibly adjust the detection depth. In addition, the matching design of the conductive ring plate and the circular plate is adopted to continuously and stably transmit electrical signals during the rotation of the ring frame, which solves the problems of wire entanglement and unstable signal transmission caused by rotation in traditional devices, and improves the versatility and reliability of the device.

[0022] 3. The present invention limits the annular frame by means of a clamping assembly, which effectively prevents the annular frame from sliding down in a stationary state, thereby improving the safety of the device. At the same time, a compact integrated design is adopted to integrate multiple functional components inside the drill rod, which has a compact structure and high space utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main body structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main body of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular frame and the mounting unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly and the conducting assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of part of the structure at point B.

[0030] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of part of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the contact assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the contact assembly and the mounting unit of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drive unit of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 The present invention Fig.10 A magnified view of part of the structure at D in the middle.

[0035] Fig.12 It is a planar cross-sectional view of the drive unit of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the external extension rod and the drill rod of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.14 It is a cross-sectional view of the external extension rod of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.15 The present invention Fig.14 Enlarged view of part of the structure at E in the middle.

[0039] In the figure, 1, drill rod; 10, drill bit; 11, main shaft; 12, hinged plate; 13, annular cavity; 14, annular frame; 15, receiving end; 16, transmitting end; 2, mounting unit; 20, partition plate; 21, mounting cavity; 22, pull spring; 23, mounting frame; 24, extension plate; 25, anti-vibration plate; 3, clamping assembly; 30, cylinder; 31, circular plate; 4, conducting assembly; 40, wire; 41, conductive ring plate; 42. Cable; 43. Conducting plate; 5. Contact assembly; 50. Telescopic plate; 51. Contact arc plate; 52. Reset push spring; 53. Passive arc plate; 6. Driving unit; 60. Driving frame; 61. Reciprocating screw rod; 62. Driving gear; 63. Structural groove; 64. Power gear; 65. Accommodating groove; 66. Electric push rod; 67. Transmission gear; 68. Double-sided gear ring; 69. Internal gear ring; 7. External extension rod; 70. Pin shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following combination Figures 1 to 15 Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application discloses a small-diameter resistivity measurement device while drilling. The present application is mainly used in the process of drilling with a drill bit, where a detection radio wave is emitted to the ground in the drilling direction by a radio wave transmitting device to detect underground resources and environment, and then the radio wave is received by a receiving device and analyzed. In this process, two installation devices can respectively install multiple transmitting devices and receiving devices, and during the detection process, the transmitting device and the receiving device are driven to rotate by the installation device to increase and change the emission area and angle of the radio wave. Furthermore, the distance between the transmitting device and the receiving device can be changed by the installation device to adapt to different detection scenarios, further improving the applicability of the present application; the present application can also install the wire inside the drill rod and the extended drill rod, extend the wire to the ground by means of the drill rod extension connection, and directly power the transmitting device and the receiving device through the ground power supply, eliminating the step of replacing the battery required in the prior art.

[0042] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a drill rod 1, a drill bit 10, a main shaft 11, a hinged plate 12, an annular cavity 13, an annular frame 14, a receiving end 15, a transmitting end 16 and an installation unit 2. The drill bit 10 is installed at the bottom of the drill rod 1. A main shaft 11 connected to the drill bit 10 at the bottom is rotatably arranged inside the drill rod 1. After being driven by an external driving device, the main shaft 11 can drive the drill bit 10 to rotate, so that the drill bit 10 can drill. A part of the structure similar to an annular disc extends from the upper side wall of the drill rod 1, which is used to limit the main shaft 11, so that the main shaft 11 with a diameter much smaller than the inner diameter of the drill rod 1 can rotate inside the drill rod 1.

[0043] A hinge plate 12 is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the drill rod 1, and the hinge plate 12 allows the drill rod 1 to be connected to other drill rods 1 to extend the drilling distance of the drill bit 10; an annular cavity 13 is opened inside the drill rod 1, and an annular frame 14 with a U-shaped cross-section is symmetrically slidably arranged in the annular cavity 13, and a receiving end 15 and a transmitting end 16 are respectively installed in the upper and lower corresponding annular frames 14, and an installation unit 2 for limiting the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 is arranged in the annular frame 14, that is, the installation unit 2 can drive the corresponding transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 to move in the up and down directions to change the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 to adapt to the testing methods of different scenarios, and when the installation unit 2 is driven by an external force, it can also drive the corresponding transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 to rotate to change the radio wave emission angle of the transmitting end 16 and increase the receiving range of the receiving end 15.

[0044] It should be noted that the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 mentioned in the above implementation process are both optional conventional components, and their main functions are respectively used to transmit electromagnetic waves toward the drilling direction of the drill bit 10 and receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted back. Those skilled in the art should know this, so it will not be repeated here.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a mounting unit 2 for limiting the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 is provided in the annular frame 14; specifically, the mounting unit 2 includes a partition plate 20, a mounting cavity 21, a pulling spring 22, a mounting frame 23, an extension plate 24 and an anti-vibration plate 25, and several partition plates 20 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the annular frame 14 along the axis thereof, and the space between two adjacent partition plates 20 forms an mounting cavity 21, except for the mounting cavities 21 on both sides, the upper and lower inner walls of the remaining mounting cavities 21 are all provided with pulling springs 22, and the corresponding mounting frames 23 are provided between the pulling springs 22, that is, there is nothing in the mounting cavities 21 on both sides, and vibration will be generated during the drilling process of the drill bit 10, and the drill rod 1 and the annular frame 14 will also vibrate, so the pulling spring 22 can not only support the mounting frame 23, but also buffer part of the vibration force.

[0046] The receiving end 15 and the transmitting end 16 are respectively detachably arranged in the mounting frame 23 on the upper and lower annular frames 14, and extension plates 24 are also arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 23. An anti-vibration plate 25 is arranged at one end of the extension plate 24, that is, during use, the pulling spring 22 will indirectly buffer the vibration force exerted on the corresponding transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15, and the extension plate 24 is used to support the anti-vibration plate 25. Even if the mounting frame 23 is buffered by the pulling spring 22, it will itself produce a certain amplitude of shaking, that is, at this time, the anti-vibration plate 25 will offset part of the shaking force of the mounting frame 23, so that the corresponding transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 can work in a stable environment.

[0047] First, the transmitting end 16 is started to transmit electromagnetic waves toward the drilling direction of the drill bit 10 for detection. After the electromagnetic waves detect the object to be measured, they will be reflected back, and the reflected electromagnetic waves will be received by the corresponding receiving end 15 to analyze the electromagnetic waves. If measurements at different angles are required, the two annular frames 14 can be driven to rotate by external force, so as to synchronously adjust the angles of the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15, and several receiving ends 15 are used to receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting end 16 corresponding to the lower end, and each receiving end 15 corresponds to a transmitting end 16 to ensure that there is no receiving dead angle, to prevent the electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting end 16 from not being fully received, thereby avoiding measurement errors. In some special scenarios, due to the influence of the complex underground electromagnetic environment, the receiving range of the receiving end 15 will be affected to a certain extent. Therefore, the upper and lower annular frames 14 are driven to move by external force to reduce or increase the distance between the annular frames 14, so that the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 changes.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a clamping assembly 3 for clamping and limiting the annular frame 14 is also provided on the inner wall of the annular cavity 13; specifically, the clamping assembly 3 includes a cylinder 30 and a circular plate 31, and several circular grooves are provided on the inner wall of the annular cavity 13 and distributed along its extension section. The cylinder 30 is provided in the circular groove, and a circular plate 31 is provided in the cylinder 30 by means of a push spring. One side of the circular plate 31 slides through the cylinder 30 and the inner wall of the annular cavity 13 and conflicts with the inner diameter of the adjacent annular frame 14.

[0049] That is, in the initial state, the push spring always pushes one side of the circular plate 31 to remain outside the cylinder 30. When the annular frame 14 moves to a position corresponding to the circular plate 31, the circular plate 31 is pushed in the opposite direction by the annular frame 14, and part of the extended section moves into the cylinder 30. Under the action of the push spring, the circular plate 31 further contacts the annular frame 14 to achieve position limiting, ensuring that the annular frame 14 will not slide down without external force, thereby stably maintaining the current height.

[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a conducting component 4 for conducting electricity to the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 is also provided inside the drill rod 1; specifically, the conducting component 4 includes a wire 40, a conductive ring plate 41, a cable 42 and a conducting plate 43. A bending groove is provided inside the drill rod 1, and the bending groove is connected with the corresponding circular groove. The adjacent cylinders 30 are connected in series with the wire 40 located in the bending groove, and the wire 40 of the uppermost cylinder 30 extends to the upper end of the drill rod 1 corresponding to the hinge plate 12. The cylinder 30 itself is a conductive medium, and multiple cylinders 30 are connected in series with each other through the wire 40.

[0051] A construction cavity is provided inside the annular frame 14, in which a conductive ring plate 41 is installed, and the circular plate 31 is in contact with the conductive ring plate 41, and a cable 42 is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity 21, and one side of the cable 42 is plugged into the corresponding transmitting end 16 or the receiving end 15, and the other side passes through the inner wall of the installation cavity 21 to be connected with the conductive ring plate 41, that is, the electrical signal can be transmitted to several cylinders 30 through the wire 40, and the cylinder 30 is then transmitted to the corresponding transmitting end 16 or the receiving end 15 through the corresponding circular plate 31, the conductive ring plate 41 and the cable 42, so that the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 can operate, and the cable 42 is made of flexible material, so when the installation frame 23 is driven by the corresponding pull spring 22 to offset the vibration, it will not cause limitation to the movement of the installation frame 23, but will move synchronously with the installation frame 23.

[0052] When the annular frame 14 rotates, the conductive ring plate 41 also rotates. However, during the rotation, the circular plate 31 is always in contact with the conductive ring plate 41 and indirectly limits the annular frame 14 through the conductive ring plate 41 .

[0053] A conductive plate 43 is provided inside the hinged plate 12 , and the bottom of the conductive plate 43 is connected to the wire 40 , that is, when the external power supply device is connected to the conductive plate 43 , the electrical signal and the wire 40 will be indirectly transmitted to the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 through the conductive plate 43 .

[0054] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a contact assembly 5 for enhancing the signal is provided on one side of the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15; specifically, the contact assembly 5 includes a telescopic plate 50, a contact arc plate 51, a reset push spring 52 and a passive arc plate 53, and the telescopic plate 50 is provided on a side of the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 away from the corresponding installation cavity 21, and the telescopic end of the telescopic plate 50 is provided with a contact arc plate 51, and the contact arc plate 51 corresponds to the inner wall of the annular cavity 13.

[0055] That is, the transmitting end 16 can transmit the radio waves from the telescopic plate 50 to the contact arc plate 51 , and similarly, the receiving end 15 can also receive the signal through the contact arc plate 51 and the telescopic plate 50 .

[0056] A plurality of return push springs 52 are arranged on the inner wall of the annular cavity 13 in an annular distribution and evenly arranged along its extension section, and the annularly distributed return push springs 52 correspond one to one with the mounting cavity 21, and their longitudinal direction corresponds to the circular groove, and a passive arc plate 53 is arranged on one side of the return push spring 52, and the passive arc plate 53 conflicts with the adjacent contact arc plate 51.

[0057] That is, after the annular frame 14 moves to correspond to the passive arc plate 53, when the contact arc plate 51 contacts the passive arc plate 53, the telescopic plate 50 and the reset push spring 52 adaptively expand and contract to ensure that the two are tightly fitted. When the annular frame 14 rotates, the contact arc plate 51 contacts and moves to each passive arc plate 53 in turn, and this process is repeated. The reset push spring 52, the telescopic plate 50 and the pull spring 22 work together to provide vibration reduction and buffering for the installation frame 23.

[0058] The transmitting end 16 transmits the radio waves to the drill rod 1 through the telescopic plate 50, the contact arc plate 51, the passive arc plate 53 and the reset push spring 52. The radio waves are then transmitted to the ground by the drill rod 1 itself to prevent the radio waves from being weakened when propagating inside the drill rod 1. Similarly, the radio waves are reflected back and transmitted to the receiving end 15 by the drill rod 1, the reset push spring 52, the passive arc plate 53, the contact arc plate 51 and the telescopic plate 50.

[0059] Example 2: Reference Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, in order to drive the two annular frames 14 to rotate in the annular cavity 13, so that the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 can change their angles, and to drive the annular frame 14 to move in the up and down directions in the annular cavity 13, so that the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 can be changed, a driving unit 6 is provided in the annular cavity 13; specifically, the driving unit 6 includes a driving frame 60, a reciprocating screw 61, a driving gear 62, a structural groove 63, a power gear 64, a receiving groove 65, an electric push rod 66, a transmission gear 67, a double-sided gear ring 68 and an inner gear ring 69, and the driving frame 60 with a U-shaped cross-section is rotatably arranged on the top wall of the annular cavity 13, and the annular frames 14 have symmetrical threads. A reciprocating screw 61 is provided, and the reciprocating screw 61 corresponds to the two installation cavities 21 without the installation unit 2, and the thread grooves on the outside of the reciprocating screw 61 are symmetrically distributed. When the driving frame 60 is driven by an external force, it can drive the two annular frames 14 to rotate in the annular cavity 13 through the reciprocating screw 61, and when the reciprocating screw 61 rotates on the driving frame 60, it will drive the two annular frames 14 to move up and down in the annular cavity 13. Since the thread grooves on the outside of the reciprocating screw 61 are symmetrically distributed, when rotating, the two annular frames 14 will move relative to or in the opposite direction according to the design of the thread grooves. Combined with the above-mentioned implementation process, the increase or decrease of the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 and the change of the angle are realized.

[0060] The top of the reciprocating screw 61 passes through the outer wall of the driving frame 60 and is located in its U-shaped cross-section and is provided with a driving gear 62. A structural groove 63 is provided inside the drill rod 1, and a power gear 64 located in the structural groove 63 is provided on the outside of the main shaft 11. Two accommodating grooves 65 are symmetrically provided inside the drill rod 1, and the accommodating grooves 65 are respectively connected with the structural groove 63 and the annular cavity 13. An electric push rod 66 is installed on the top of the accommodating groove 65 through a cylinder seat. The outer side of the driving shaft of the electric push rod 66 is rotatably sleeved with a transmission gear 67 located in the accommodating groove 65, and the transmission gear 67 is meshed with the power gear 64. A double-sided gear is rotatably provided on the bottom wall of the driving frame 60. Ring 68, the outer diameter and inner diameter of the double-sided gear ring 68 are respectively meshed with the driving gear 62 and the transmission gear 67, that is, the electric push rod 66 can push the corresponding transmission gear 67 to move up and down in the accommodating groove 65, and the transmission gear 67 is always meshed with the power gear 64 during the movement. When the main shaft 11 rotates, the rotational force is transmitted to the double-sided gear ring 68 through the transmission gear 67, and the double-sided gear ring 68 can rotate on the driving frame 60, and when rotating, it will drive the driving gear 62 to rotate, and the driving gear 62 drives the reciprocating screw 61 to rotate, so that the annular frame 14 can move in the up and down directions.

[0061] An elastic limiting device (not shown, known technology) is also provided between the driving frame 60 and the annular cavity 13 to limit the driving frame 60, so that a certain degree of driving force is required to drive the driving frame 60 to rotate in the annular cavity 13, and when the power gear 64 drives the double-sided gear ring 68 and the driving gear 62 to rotate, the driving frame 60 will not rotate; an inner gear ring 69 is also provided on the inner diameter of the top of the driving frame 60, and the inner gear ring 69 corresponds to the transmission gear 67. When the annular frame 14 needs to rotate to change the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 16, the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 16 are rotated. When the angle of the end 15 is reached, the electric push rod 66 drives the corresponding transmission gear 67 to rise, so that the transmission gear 67 is no longer meshed with the driving gear 62, and then meshes with the inner ring gear 69. At this time, the power gear 64 can indirectly drive the driving frame 60 to rotate in the annular cavity 13 through the inner ring gear 69, thereby indirectly driving the annular frame 14 to rotate in the annular cavity 13. When the annular frame 14 does not need to rotate or move up and down, the electric push rod 66 pushes the corresponding transmission gear 67 to move between the driving gear 62 and the inner ring gear 69.

[0062] Example 3: Reference Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, based on the first embodiment, an external extension rod 7 is provided at the upper end of the drill rod 1, and hinge plates 12 are symmetrically provided at the upper and lower ends of the external extension rod 7. A bending groove is also opened inside the external extension rod 7, and a wire 40 is arranged in the bending groove. A conductive plate 43 is also installed in the hinge plate 12, and the conductive plate 43 is connected to the conductive wire 40. A pin shaft 70 is inserted between the hinge plate 12 at the bottom of the external extension rod 7 and the hinge plate 12 at the top of the drill rod 1, and the pin shaft 70 is in contact with the conductive plate 43 in the hinge plate 12. A main shaft 11 is also rotatably provided in the external extension rod 7, and the bottom of the main shaft 11 is hinged to the top of the main shaft 11 in the drill rod 1.

[0063] That is, the external extension rod 7 is connected to the drill pipe 1 through the cooperation of the pin shaft 70 and the corresponding hinge plate 12, and the pin shaft 70 is a conductive medium between the two conductive plates 43. Multiple external drill pipes 1 are extended to the wellhead through the above structure, and a power supply device (prior art, not shown) is set up at the wellhead. Conductive power is conducted through multiple external extension rods 7, and finally the electrical signal is transmitted to the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15, so that the operator can directly control the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 on the ground.

[0064] During operation: Step 1: The power supply device transmits the electrical signal to the conductive plate 43 in the hinged plate 12 through the conductive plate 43, and then transmits the electrical signal to the conductive plate 40 inside the drill rod 1 through the conductive plate 40, the pin 70 and the conductive plate 40 in the external extension rod 7; the conductive plate 40 transmits the electrical signal to the cylinder 30, and then transmits it to the cable 42 in the installation cavity 21 through the circular plate 31 and the conductive ring plate 41, and the cable 42 then transmits the electrical signal to the transmitting end 16, causing it to start emitting electromagnetic waves toward the drilling direction of the drill bit 10 for detection.

[0065] Step 2: The emitted electromagnetic wave is reflected after detecting the object to be measured and captured by the receiving end 15. Subsequently, the signal is transmitted to the reset push spring 52 on the inner wall of the annular cavity 13 through the contact arc plate 51 and the telescopic plate 50, and then transmitted to the drill pipe 1 through the passive arc plate 53. Finally, the signal is transmitted to the ground through the drill pipe 1 for analysis by the operator.

[0066] Step 3: If the measuring angle needs to be adjusted, start the electric push rod 66 to push the transmission gear 67 to engage with the inner ring gear 69. The power gear 64 drives the drive frame 60 to rotate in the annular cavity 13 through the inner ring gear 69. The rotation of the drive frame 60 further drives the reciprocating screw 61 to rotate, causing the two annular frames 14 to rotate synchronously in the annular cavity 13, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15.

[0067] Step 4: If the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 needs to be adjusted, the electric push rod 66 needs to be started again to push the transmission gear 67 to engage with the drive gear 62, and then the reciprocating screw 61 is driven to rotate through the linkage of the power gear 64, the transmission gear 67 and the drive gear 62. As the reciprocating screw 61 rotates, the two annular frames 14 will move in relative or opposite directions in the annular cavity 13, thereby effectively adjusting the distance between the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15.

[0068] Step 5: During the drilling process of the drill bit 10, the drill rod 1 and the annular frame 14 will vibrate; the pull spring 22 supports the mounting frame 23 and buffers part of the vibration force; the extension plate 24 supports the anti-vibration plate 25, and the anti-vibration plate 25 offsets the shaking force of the mounting frame 23; the reset push spring 52 works together with the telescopic plate 50 to effectively reduce vibration and buffer the mounting frame 23 to ensure that the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 can operate in a stable and reliable environment.

[0069] Step 6: The push spring pushes the circular plate 31 so that it is always located outside the cylinder 30; when the annular frame 14 moves to correspond to the circular plate 31, the circular plate 31 is reversely resisted by the annular frame 14, and part of the extended section moves back into the cylinder 30. The push spring pushes the circular plate 31 to resist and limit the annular frame 14 to prevent the annular frame 14 from sliding downward when not driven by external force.

[0070] Step 7: The electrical signal is transmitted to the cylinder 30 through the wire 40, and then transmitted to the cable 42 through the circular plate 31 and the conductive ring plate 41. The cable 42 transmits the electrical signal to the transmitting end 16 and the receiving end 15 to ensure their normal operation. During the rotation of the annular frame 14, the conductive ring plate 41 always keeps in contact with the circular plate 31, indirectly limiting the annular frame 14 to ensure the continuity of conduction.

[0071] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects.

[0072] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A small-diameter resistivity measurement device while drilling, comprising a drill bit (10) mounted at the bottom of a drill rod (1), a main shaft (11) rotatably arranged in the drill rod (1) and connected to the drill bit (10) at the bottom, and a hinge plate (12) symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the drill rod (1), characterized in that: The drill rod (1) is provided with an annular cavity (13) inside, an annular frame (14) with a U-shaped cross section is symmetrically slidably arranged inside the annular cavity (13), a receiving end (15) and a transmitting end (16) are respectively installed in the upper and lower corresponding annular frames (14), and a mounting unit (2) for limiting the transmitting end (16) and the receiving end (15) is arranged in the annular frame (14); The installation unit (2) comprises a plurality of partition plates (20) uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the annular frame (14) along the axis thereof, the space between two adjacent partition plates (20) forming an installation cavity (21), the upper and lower inner walls of the installation cavity (21) are both provided with pull springs (22), and an installation frame (23) is provided between the corresponding pull springs (22).

2. A small-diameter resistivity while drilling measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving end (15) and the transmitting end (16) are respectively disposed in a detachable manner in the mounting frames (23) on the upper and lower annular frames (14). Extension plates (24) are also disposed on both sides of the mounting frames (23), and an anti-vibration plate (25) is disposed at one end of the extension plate (24).

3. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the annular cavity (13) is also provided with a clamping assembly (3) for clamping and limiting the annular frame (14), comprising a plurality of circular grooves arranged on the inner wall of the annular cavity (13) and distributed along its extension section, a cylinder (30) being arranged in the circular groove, and a circular plate (31) being arranged in the cylinder (30) by means of a push spring.

4. A small-diameter resistivity while drilling measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the circular plate (31) slides through the cylinder (30) and the inner wall of the annular cavity (13) to come into contact with the inner diameter of the adjacent annular frame (14).

5. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drill rod (1) is also provided with a conducting component (4) for conducting electricity between the transmitting end (16) and the receiving end (15), including a bending groove provided in the drill rod (1), wherein the bending groove is connected to a corresponding circular groove, and a conductor (40) located in the bending groove is connected in series between adjacent cylinders (30), and the conductor (40) of the uppermost cylinder (30) extends to the upper end of the drill rod (1) and corresponds to the hinge plate (12).

6. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular frame (14) has a construction cavity formed therein, a conductive ring plate (41) is installed in the construction cavity, and the circular plate (31) is in contact with the conductive ring plate (41), a cable (42) is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity (21), and one side of the cable (42) is plugged into the corresponding transmitting end (16) or receiving end (15), and the other side passes through the inner wall of the installation cavity (21) and is connected to the conductive ring plate (41).

7. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conductive plate (43) is disposed inside the hinged plate (12), and the bottom of the conductive plate (43) is connected to the wire (40).

8. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting end (16) and the receiving end (15) are both provided with a contact assembly (5) for enhancing the signal, comprising a telescopic plate (50) provided on a side of the transmitting end (16) and the receiving end (15) away from the corresponding installation cavity (21), and a contact arc plate (51) is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic plate (50), and the contact arc plate (51) corresponds to the inner wall of the annular cavity (13).

9. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the annular cavity (13) is provided with a plurality of return push springs (52) distributed in an annular manner and evenly arranged along its extension section, and the return push springs (52) distributed in an annular manner correspond to the installation cavities (21) one by one, and their longitudinal directions correspond to the circular grooves.

10. The device for measuring small-diameter resistivity while drilling according to claim 9, characterized in that: A passive arc plate (53) is provided on one side of the return push spring (52), and the passive arc plate (53) is in conflict with an adjacent contact arc plate (51).

Images