An ecological restoration dam for treating black and smelly water in rivers

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of black and smelly river water body treatment, specifically, it can be said to be an ecological water storage and filtration dam suitable for the treatment of black and smelly river water in small river basins. The ecological water storage and filtration dam is a box culvert type water treatment equipment, the front section includes a coarse grid, a fine grid, and a gate, the gate and the coarse grid are in front and back relative positions; the middle section includes an anoxic bin and an anaerobic bin; the rear section includes an aerobic bin and a water outlet. Different filter materials are filled in the three bins respectively, so that the sewage will be targeted when passing through each layer of filler, thereby improving the treatment effect. At the same time, in order to increase the stability of the dam body, support columns are set on the back water surface of the dam body. The present invention is installed on the riverbed of the black and smelly water body treatment project, and has the functions of removing ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, increasing dissolved oxygen, etc., effectively improving the water quality, and the water quality that meets the standards is discharged downstream through the outlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an ecological restoration device, in particular to an ecological restoration dam for a small-flow river and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of multiple sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] In northern China, due to water shortages and less rainfall in most areas, many rivers are dry or have little water volume outside the flood season in July and August each year. The drying up of the rivers damages the long-established ecological food chain in the river basin, affecting the ecological balance of the river. If the next water storage is required, it will take a long time for ecological restoration. Therefore, the drying up of rivers will have a negative impact on small-flow river cities in cities or rural areas, or ecological landscape areas.

[0003] The water replenishment of small-volume rivers in urban and rural areas is mostly from the water used by surrounding residents or factory water discharge. The water volume is unstable, the phosphorus, ammonia and nitrogen content is high, and the water quality is difficult to meet the standards. At the same time, the uneven bottom of the river can easily form multiple ponds, and the long-term slow flow of the water body causes duckweed to grow and accumulate. The slow flow of the water body and the long-term accumulation of exogenous pollutants form black and smelly ponds, which have a certain harmful impact on the surrounding residents and the living environment.

[0004] In order to solve the water pollution problem of these small-flow rivers, we need to comprehensively control the pollution sources and treat the water bodies while controlling the sources and intercepting the pollution. At this time, it is necessary to store water in the river to ensure that the water flow is stable and smooth and reaches a certain water level before taking physical or biological treatment measures. The ecological filtration dam of the present invention is specially developed and equipped for this kind of phenomenon. While playing the role of water storage and filtration, it can also improve the water quality through biological treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an ecological restoration dam suitable for treating black and smelly water bodies in rivers.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the black and smelly water phenomenon caused by the accumulation of sludge, duckweed and garbage caused by the small flow in the river, the present invention provides an ecological water storage and filtration dam for controlling water quality with simple management and convenient operation to address this phenomenon.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the ecological water storage and filtration dam of the present invention is provided with a device for intercepting large floating objects such as branches and water bottles in the water at the front end, and the grille can intercept smaller floating objects in sewage. The dam body adopted is a box-type assembly structure, in which different fillers can play different filtering and treatment roles on the water body.

[0008] Specifically, an ecological restoration dam for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in river basins has a main body of a box culvert structure composed of a combination of rectangular blocks, including coarse and fine double-layer grilles, a gate, three chambers, multiple chamber roofs, a dam body support and a foundation; the three chambers are an anaerobic chamber, an anoxic chamber and an aerobic chamber in the direction away from the gate, each chamber is interconnected and is provided with a flood discharge outlet on the top of the downstream side wall, and a water outlet is also provided on the upper part of the downstream side wall of the aerobic chamber, and the height of the water outlet is lower than that of the flood discharge outlet; the entire ecological restoration dam is set on a solid foundation, and a dam body support structure is provided behind the chamber to increase the overall stability.

[0009] Furthermore, the pretreatment section of the ecological restoration dam includes a coarse and fine double-layer screen and a gate. The gate is located on the downstream side, and the coarse and fine screens are arranged on the upstream side relative to the gate. The coarse screen is on the water-facing side and the fine screen is behind the coarse screen. The sewage first passes through the coarse screen to intercept large floating objects, and then passes through the fine screen to intercept smaller floating objects.

[0010] Furthermore, the coarse and fine grids of the ecological water storage and filtration dam are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, that is, fiber reinforced composite plastic. According to the different fibers used, they are divided into glass fiber reinforced composite plastic (GFRP), carbon fiber reinforced composite plastic (CFRP), boron fiber reinforced composite plastic, etc. Compared with the fiber, the matrix has much lower strength and modulus, but it can withstand large strains, often has viscoelasticity and elastoplasticity, and is a tough material. The coarse grid has an aperture of 50-100mm and a size of 1200×900×20mm, and the fine grid has an aperture of 10-20mm and a size of 1200×360×20mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the sewage passing through the coarse and fine grids enters the anaerobic bin, anoxic bin and aerobic bin for treatment in turn. The anaerobic bin is filled with large-size zeolite fillers, the anoxic bin is filled with small-size volcanic rock fillers, and the aerobic bin is filled with biofilm fillers; the anaerobic bin is provided with a water inlet near the coarse and fine grids, and a connecting port is provided at the bottom of the adjacent bins. A submersible sewage pump is placed in each bin to discharge sludge to the outside, and an aeration device is placed in the aerobic bin, connected to an aeration fan. The water outlet is set at 60-80 cm from the last bin, discharging the treated water quality, and the overall connection method of the bin uses a rubber water stop structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the chamber is made of carbon steel, and the size of the entire dam body ranges from 10-15m in length, 0.5-1.5m in width, and 1-2m in height, preferably 12m×0.5m×1.5m, and the size of a single chamber is preferably 4×0.5×1.5mm. The anaerobic chamber adds small-sized chlorite with a diameter of about 3-5cm, and the anoxic chamber adds volcanic rock filler with a particle size of about 5-8cm. The large-sized volcanic rock can not only play a filtering role, but also facilitate the contact and growth of microorganisms. The average porosity of the volcanic rock inside and outside is about 40%, and the resistance to water is small. At the same time, compared with similar filter materials, the amount of filter material required is small, and the expected filtering target can also be achieved. The aerobic chamber adds biological fillers to treat the characteristics of biological film, and uses soft fillers. From the cross-section of the chamber, it is arranged in rows along the direction of water flow to fill the entire chamber. Its biological biofilm method uses nutrients in the water itself to provide nutrients to bacterial microorganisms. Elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage serve as both nitrogen and phosphorus sources for microorganisms and as target removal substances.

[0013] Furthermore, the entire dam body is an integrated structure or a spliced ​​structure. The spliced ​​structure adopts a plug-in or bolt-fastened connection method. The connection surface between each chamber adopts a rubber waterproof structure, including a rubber sheet on the connection surface and a rubber water stop at the bottom of the chamber. The size of the rubber sheet matches the height and width of the chamber and is placed in parallel at the butt joint of the two chambers. An opening of corresponding size is reserved at the connecting port of the chamber, and the corresponding plug-in structure is plugged in or the butt joint of the two chambers is fixed with carbon steel screws. The bottom of the entire chamber adopts a U-shaped rubber water stop, which is placed between the bottom of the chamber and the foundation. Its main purpose is to prevent water from entering the corners of the bottom of the chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the aeration equipment can be an aeration plate connected to an aeration fan, or a centrifugal aerator. The aerator can be a model with a power of 1.5kW, an air intake of 22m3 / h, and an oxygen supply of 1kg / h. Aeration makes the aerobic box fully oxygenated so that the biofiller can attach to the film normally.

[0015] Furthermore, the submersible sewage pump model has a flow rate of 10m3 / h, a head of 10m, a power of 1kW, a material of cast iron, a single main engine, a water outlet diameter of 50mm, an equipment size of 370×230×450mm, and a carbon steel base.

[0016] Furthermore, the dam body has six chamber covers, and two cover plates are set above each chamber. The two cover plates of each chamber adopt a fan-shaped opening and closing method, with a size of 2000×1000×50mm and made of carbon steel anti-corrosion material. The three flood discharge ports are 70-100cm away from the bottom of the box and have a width of about 10-30cm. The steel plate dam body support height on the back of the dam body is about 30cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the ecological restoration dam is also equipped with a shore smart water management system. The smart water management system can be a commercially available smart water management system, which generally includes flow detection equipment, water quality detection equipment, intelligent analysis equipment, water treatment control platform, and intelligent terminal service equipment, which is used to monitor the filtering status of the ecological restoration dam, control the operation of the equipment operation status, and analyze and send and receive information. The water quality monitoring equipment is a water pump with a pipe port laid behind the coarse grid to lift the sewage into the small water tank at the bottom of the special box for detection.

[0018] Furthermore, the signal transmission of the smart water system of the present invention is based on the operation of the 4G module, and the intelligent analysis adopts the PLC module. The water quality results detected by the water quality monitoring probe are transmitted to the PLC module, and the results of the water quality index detection can also be transmitted to the screen for on-site patrol personnel to observe and monitor. Then, according to the database imported in advance, the analysis results and control operation suggestions are given to inform whether water treatment control and other operations are needed. The analysis results can be transmitted to the user's computer terminal or mobile device through the 4G signal transmitter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. In view of the current difficulties in managing small rivers, the high maintenance cost and inconvenience of using water circulation equipment on the shore, the ecological restoration dam of the present invention can be directly set in the river, or in a narrow part of the river. When a single dam body cannot achieve the expected effect, similar dam bodies can be continuously set up in series upstream and downstream for better effect.

[0021] 2. The chambers provided by the present invention are modular combinations. The types, quantities and sequences of the modules can be adjusted as needed. Customized combination designs can also be made according to different river water levels, river widths and sewage quality, ensuring that corresponding treatment plans can be introduced for different situations. At the same time, thanks to the modular combination, after a device fails, the problematic chamber can be repaired or replaced separately (the spare chamber can be replaced to continue working during repair).

[0022] 3. The ecological restoration dam of the present invention can be connected to the smart water system like other small water treatment equipment. The online water quality detection equipment and flow meter provided can regularly analyze and process the water flow and water quality data, and transmit them back to the computer or mobile terminal through the smart water system, so that the management personnel can monitor the sewage treatment situation in real time, ensure that the effluent is stable and meets the standards, and achieve the effect of real-time monitoring and intelligent management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic chamber.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hypoxic chamber.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an aerobic chamber.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the warehouse roof cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the embodiments to reflect the functions of the present invention. However, the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] The present embodiment provides an ecological restoration dam for treating black and odorous water bodies in a river basin. The main body of the ecological restoration dam is a box culvert structure composed of a combination of rectangular blocks, including a coarse and fine double-layer grille 1, a gate 2, three chambers 4, 5, 6, and 12 chamber top covers 3, 6 dam body supports 9, and a foundation 10; the three chambers 4, 5, and 6 are respectively an anaerobic chamber 4, an anoxic chamber 5, and an aerobic chamber 6 in the direction away from the gate 2, each chamber is interconnected and is provided with a flood discharge port 7 at the top of the downstream side wall, and a water outlet 8 is also provided on the upper part of the downstream side wall of the aerobic chamber 6, and the height of the water outlet 8 is lower than that of the flood discharge port 7; the entire ecological restoration dam is arranged on a stable foundation 10, and a dam body support 9 structure is arranged behind the chamber body to increase the overall stability. The pretreatment section of the ecological restoration dam includes a coarse and fine double-layer screen 1 and a gate 2. The gate 2 is located on the downstream side, and the coarse and fine screen 1 is set on the upstream side relative to the gate. The coarse screen is on the water-facing side and the fine screen is behind the coarse screen. The sewage first passes through the coarse screen to intercept large floating objects, and then passes through the fine screen to intercept smaller floating objects, and then enters the upstream side of the gate 2, and then enters the anaerobic chamber 4 through the water inlet on the anaerobic chamber to start water treatment. The sewage that passes through the coarse and fine screens enters the anaerobic chamber 4, the anoxic chamber 5 and the aerobic chamber 6 in turn for treatment, and is discharged from the drain behind the aerobic chamber. A connecting port is set at the bottom of the adjacent chambers. A submersible sewage pump is placed in each chamber to discharge sludge to the outside. An aeration device is set in the aerobic chamber 6 and connected to the aeration fan. The outlet is set at a height of 60 cm on the back side of the aerobic chamber 6, and the treated water quality meets the standards is discharged.

[0031] In this embodiment, the coarse and fine grids of the ecological water storage and filtration dam are made of glass fiber reinforced composite plastic (GFRP). The coarse grid has an aperture of 50mm and a size of 1200×900×20mm, and the fine grid has an aperture of 20mm and a size of 1200×360×20mm. The anaerobic bin is added with small-sized green zeolite with a diameter of about 3-5cm, and the anoxic bin is added with volcanic rock filler with a particle size of about 5-8cm. The aerobic bin 6 is filled with nylon fiber braid filler, which is arranged in a row along the water flow direction from the cross section of the bin, filling the entire bin. The anaerobic bin 4 is provided with a water inlet near the coarse and fine grids, and a connecting port is provided at the bottom of the adjacent bins. A submersible sewage pump is placed in each bin to discharge sludge to the outside. The sludge pump is connected to the sludge discharge pipe, and the pipe outlet is placed at the flood discharge port, extending 10cm. Aeration equipment is set in the aerobic bin 6 and connected to the aeration fan. The water outlet is located at a height of 80 cm in the last chamber, and the treated water that meets the quality standards is discharged. The overall connection method of the chamber uses a rubber water-stop structure.

[0032] The dam body described in this embodiment is made of carbon steel. The entire dam body is 15m long, 1m wide and 1.5m high. The three chambers are all 4m long, and the gate is 3m long. A connecting hole is set on the upper part of the adjacent wall of the anaerobic chamber and the anoxic chamber, and a connecting hole is set on the bottom of the adjacent wall of the anoxic chamber and the aerobic chamber. The three flood discharge ports on the back of the three chambers are 70cm away from the bottom of the box and are about 20cm wide. The steel plate dam body support height on the back of the dam body is about 30cm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the dam body is a spliced ​​structure, which is fastened with bolts. The connection surface between the chambers adopts a rubber waterproof structure, including a rubber sheet on the connection surface and a rubber water stop at the bottom of the chamber. The size of the rubber sheet matches the height and width of the chamber, and is placed in parallel at the butt joint of the two chambers. A hole of corresponding size is reserved at the connecting port of the chamber, and the butt joint of the two chambers is fixed with carbon steel screws. The bottom of the whole chamber adopts a U-shaped rubber water stop, which is placed between the bottom of the chamber and the foundation. Its main purpose is to prevent water from entering the corners of the bottom of the chamber. The chamber is fixed to the foundation with fixed piles.

[0034] The aeration equipment described in this embodiment is a centrifugal aerator, which has a power of 1.5kW, a pool depth of 1.5 meters, an air intake of 22m3 / h, and an oxygenation of 1kg / h. The aerator provides aeration so that the aerobic box is fully oxygenated to facilitate the normal attachment of biological fillers. The submersible sewage pump model has a flow rate of 10m3 / h, a head of 10m, a power of 1kW, a cast iron material, a single main engine, a water outlet diameter of 50mm, an equipment size of 370×230×450mm, and a carbon steel base.

[0035] The number of chamber covers 3 of the dam body of this embodiment is 6, and 2 cover plates are arranged above each chamber. The 2 cover plates of each chamber adopt fan-blade opening and closing mode, with dimensions of 2000×1000×50mm and made of carbon steel anti-corrosion material.

[0036] When the ecological restoration dam is in use, the river water from the upstream gathers on the upstream side of the dam body, enters from the coarse and fine screens, passes through the coarse and fine screens in turn, intercepts some floating objects and suspended solids, and these debris are regularly salvaged by patrol personnel. The river water then enters the upstream side of the gate 2, and then enters the anaerobic chamber 4 through the water inlet for anaerobic treatment, and then enters the volcanic rock filler used in the anoxic chamber for filtration and biological treatment, and finally enters the aerobic chamber for biofilm treatment to remove nitrogen and phosphorus sources, and after multiple filtration treatments, it is retained from the water outlet on the back of the anaerobic chamber. If the river water flow is too large, the gate can be opened appropriately or it can flow out from the flood discharge port on the back of the chamber. When there is too much sludge deposited on the upstream side of the dam body, the gate can be opened to discharge sediment.

[0037] In another embodiment, the ecological restoration dam is also equipped with a shore smart water management system. The smart water system can be a commercially available smart water system, which generally includes flow detection equipment, water quality detection equipment, intelligent analysis equipment, water treatment control platform, and intelligent terminal service equipment, which are used to monitor the filtering status of the ecological restoration dam, control the operation of the equipment operation status, and analyze and send and receive information. The water quality monitoring equipment is a water pump with a pipe port laid behind the coarse grid to lift the sewage into the small water tank at the bottom of the special box for detection. The results of the water quality index detection are analyzed by the intelligent analysis equipment to analyze the current water quality situation, whether other drug addition treatment is needed, etc. The water quality index can be displayed on the screen of the smart water system and can be sent to the user's mobile device through the smart terminal device.

[0038] In another embodiment, the signal transmission of the smart water system on the shore is based on the operation of the 4G module, and the intelligent analysis is set in the PLC module. The water quality results detected by the water quality monitoring probe are transmitted to the PLC module, and the results of the water quality index detection can also be transmitted to the screen for people to observe and monitor. Then the analysis is performed based on the database imported in advance, and the analysis results can be transmitted to the user's mobile terminal through the 4G signal transmitter. Using the existing electronic control equipment and signal transmission equipment on the market, the signal transmission system includes a wireless transmitter, a monitor for obtaining the water quality monitoring sensor signal, a signal converter, a switch and a display, etc.

[0039] In another embodiment, the online water quality monitoring equipment includes a temperature sensor, an ORP meter, a pH monitor and an ammonia nitrogen content detector. The aerobic bin outlet 8 is connected to the bin using a flange, and an electromagnetic flowmeter is provided on the outlet pipe. The data signals of the online water quality monitoring equipment and the electromagnetic flowmeter are first transmitted to the monitoring equipment in the electric control room, and then transmitted back to the computer terminal or the mobile device terminal through the signal transmitter after signal conversion, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the sewage treatment situation by the terminal.

[0040] The ecological restoration dam of the present invention can be used for sewage treatment in small-flow rivers. The length and width of the ecological filtration dam can be determined based on the specific actual on-site river bank, water quality and other conditions. The form and type of filter material in the chamber can also be determined based on the actual water pollution situation. The source of sewage in general rivers is domestic water and rainwater from surrounding residents, as well as factory drainage from upstream areas. Therefore, it will seep into the ground during the runoff process and become a source of pollution, becoming one of the hidden dangers that endanger people's health. By controlling the source, multiple dams are set up in the river to store water for treatment.

[0041] Finally, it should be pointed out that the embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration dam for treating black and odorous water bodies in a river basin, the main body of the ecological restoration dam being a box culvert structure composed of a combination of rectangular blocks, comprising a coarse and fine double-layer grille (1), a gate (2), three chambers (4, 5, 6), a plurality of chamber top covers (3), a dam body support (9) and a foundation (10); the three chambers (4, 5, 6) are respectively an anaerobic chamber (4), an anoxic chamber (5) and an aerobic chamber (6) in a direction away from the gate (2); each chamber is interconnected and is provided with a flood discharge port (7) at the top of the downstream side wall; a water outlet (8) is also provided at the upper part of the downstream side wall of the aerobic chamber (6); the height of the water outlet (8) is lower than the height of the flood discharge port (7); the entire ecological restoration dam is arranged on a stable foundation (10), and a dam body support (9) is arranged behind the chamber; The entire dam body is an integrated structure or a spliced ​​structure. The spliced ​​structure adopts a plug-in or bolt-fastened connection method. The connection surface between the chambers adopts a rubber waterproof structure, including a rubber sheet on the connection surface and a rubber water stop at the bottom of the chamber. The size of the rubber sheet matches the height and width of the chamber and is placed in parallel at the butt joint of the two chambers. An opening of corresponding size is reserved at the connecting port of the chamber, and the corresponding plug-in structure is plugged in or the butt joint of the two chambers is fixed with carbon steel screws. The bottom of the entire chamber adopts a U-shaped rubber water stop, which is placed between the bottom of the chamber and the foundation. The number of chamber top covers (3) of the dam body is 6, and 2 cover plates are arranged above each chamber. The 2 cover plates of each chamber adopt a fan blade opening and closing method and are made of carbon steel anti-corrosion material; The three chambers are all provided with flood discharge outlets (7) on the back side of the water, 70-100 cm from the bottom of the box, 10-30 cm wide, and the dam body support (9) on the back of the dam body is supported by a steel plate bottom angle frame with a height of 30 cm; The ecological restoration dam is also equipped with a shore smart water management system, which specifically includes flow detection equipment, water quality detection equipment, intelligent analysis equipment, water treatment control platform, and intelligent terminal service equipment, which are used to monitor the filtration status of the ecological restoration dam, control the equipment operation status, and perform information analysis and reception and transmission.

2. The ecological restoration dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment section of the ecological restoration dam comprises a coarse and fine double-layer grid (1) and a gate (2), wherein the gate (2) is located on the downstream side, and the coarse and fine grid (1) is arranged on the upstream side relative to the gate, the coarse grid is on the water-facing side, and the fine grid is behind the coarse grid.

3. The ecological restoration dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage passing through the coarse and fine grids enters the anaerobic bin (4), the anoxic bin (5) and the aerobic bin (6) in sequence for treatment. The anaerobic bin (4) is filled with zeolite filler, the anoxic bin (5) is filled with volcanic rock filler, and the aerobic bin (6) is filled with biofilm filler. The anaerobic bin (4) is provided with a water inlet near the coarse and fine grids, and a connecting port is provided at the bottom of adjacent bins. A submersible sewage pump is placed in each bin for discharging sludge. An aeration device is placed in the aerobic bin (6) and connected to an aeration fan.

4. The ecological restoration dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three chambers are of the same size and are all made of carbon steel anti-corrosion materials. The anaerobic chamber (4) is filled with chlorite with a diameter of 3-5 cm, the volcanic rock filler in the anoxic chamber (5) has a particle size of 5-8 cm, and the biological biofilm filler in the aerobic chamber (6) uses braided soft filler, which is arranged in rows on the chamber cross section to fill the entire chamber.

5. The ecological restoration dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The submersible sewage pump is connected to a mud discharge pipe, and the mud discharge pipe outlet is placed at the flood discharge outlet, extending 10 cm outside; the aerobic bin (6) is provided with a centrifugal aerator.

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