A gantry grinding machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gantry grinder, comprising a measuring device; the measuring device can move along the X-axis direction, and an optical probe is provided at one end of the measuring device close to the bed base, and the optical probe is used to detect the outer diameter of the workpiece being processed in real time. The gantry grinder provided by the present invention can measure the size of the workpiece when it rotates through the measuring device, and can control the deformation of the workpiece during the rotation process, thereby making the matching accuracy of the workpiece controllable during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of gantry grinders, in particular to a gantry grinder capable of measuring the size of a workpiece when it is rotating. Background Art

[0002] At present, the grinding of workpieces by grinding machines is mainly divided into vertical grinding and horizontal grinding. The centrifugal force of ordinary vertical and horizontal grinding machines can be ignored when processing a single axis, while large-scale grouped rotor blade parts have large centrifugal force during use, and the centrifugal force will cause slight deformation of the outer dimensions of the parts. Ordinary grinding machines cannot achieve high-speed grinding, and the outer diameter of the workpiece cannot be measured under high-speed rotation grinding. The consistency between the grinding state and the actual use state of the workpiece cannot be guaranteed, and the workpiece needs to be inspected again, which affects work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a gantry grinder which can measure the size of a workpiece when it rotates.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

[0005] A gantry grinder, comprising a measuring device;

[0006] The measuring device can move along the X-axis direction. An optical probe is provided at one end of the measuring device close to the bed base. The optical probe is used to perform real-time detection of the outer diameter of the workpiece being processed.

[0007] Furthermore, a workpiece slide that can move along the X-axis is provided on the bed base, a first support is fixed to one end of the workpiece slide, a power spindle is provided on the first support, a second support is provided at the other end of the work slide, the second support can move along the X-axis on the work slide, a driven spindle is provided on the second support, and a reference plate and a hydraulic clamping device are provided in sequence on the opposite end faces of the power spindle and the driven spindle.

[0008] Furthermore, a floating support structure is provided on the workpiece slide, and the floating support structure includes a floating support that can move along the X-axis direction on the workpiece slide. A floating support plate is provided on the floating support, and the position of the floating support plate can be adjusted by up and down adjustment screws and left and right adjustment screws.

[0009] Furthermore, a grinding wheel dresser is provided on the first support.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring device comprises a base and a slide, the base is fixed on the column, the slide can move along the Y-axis direction on the base, and the optical probe is fixed on the slide.

[0011] Furthermore, a grating ruler is provided on the base along the Y-axis direction.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide rail is provided on the base along the Y-axis direction, a slider cooperating with the guide rail is provided on the slide, and a motor is provided at one end of the base away from the bed base, and the motor drives the slide through a lead screw provided on the base and a nut provided on the slide.

[0013] Furthermore, there are two optical measuring heads, which are arranged opposite to each other along the Z-axis direction, and a proximity switch is provided between the two optical measuring heads, and the proximity switch is used to measure the distance between the measuring device and the workpiece being processed.

[0014] Furthermore, a grinding wheel magazine is fixed on the column.

[0015] Furthermore, a turning tool holder is fixed to the lower end of the spindle.

[0016] The present invention provides a gantry grinder, which can measure the size of a workpiece during rotation through a measuring device, can control the deformation of the workpiece during rotation, and thus make the matching accuracy of the workpiece controllable during use. At the same time, it can also realize the rapid replacement of grinding wheels for grinding, and realize the replacement of grinding wheels of various specifications and types. In addition, it can also realize convenient clamping of the workpiece. The clamping clamps the workpiece through hydraulic pressure, reduces the damage to the workpiece caused by mechanical clamping and solves the problem that the clamping force cannot be controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gantry grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring device in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the working slide in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the working slide in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of a gantry grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a front view of the floating support structure in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a rear view of the floating support structure in the present invention.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Measuring device; 11. Optical probe; 12. Base; 13. Slide; 14. Guide rail; 15. Motor; 16. Proximity switch; 17. Grating ruler;

[0027] 2. Gantry; 21. Column; 22. Spindle; 23. Grinding wheel;

[0028] 3. Bed base;

[0029] 4. Workpiece slide; 41. First support; 42. Power spindle; 43. Second support; 44. Driven spindle; 45. Hydraulic clamping device; 46. Reference plate;

[0030] 5. Grinding wheel dresser;

[0031] 6. Grinding wheel warehouse;

[0032] 7. Turning tool holder;

[0033] 8. Floating support structure; 81. Floating bracket; 82. Floating support plate; 83. Up and down adjustment screws; 84. Left and right adjustment screws; 85. Handle; 86. Wedge block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a gantry grinder includes a bed base 3 and a gantry 2; the gantry 2 can move along the X-axis direction on the bed base 3, and a driving motor and a guide rail arranged along the Y-axis direction are provided on the crossbeam on the top of the gantry. The driving motor drives the gantry saddle to move along the Y-axis direction on the guide rail of the crossbeam through a lead screw, and the spindle 22 is connected to the gantry saddle through a gantry slide and moves along the Z-axis direction on the gantry saddle.

[0036] The gantry grinder also includes a measuring device 1; the measuring device 1 can move along the X-axis direction, and an optical probe 11 is provided at one end of the measuring device 1 close to the bed base 3, and the optical probe 11 is used to perform real-time detection of the outer diameter of the workpiece being processed.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the measuring device includes a base 12 and a slide 13. The base 12 is fixed on the column 21. The slide 13 can move along the Y-axis direction on the base 12. The optical probe 11 is fixed on the slide 13. A guide rail 14 is provided on the base 12 along the Y-axis direction. A slider that cooperates with the guide rail 14 is provided on the slide 13. A motor 15 is provided at one end of the base 12 away from the bed base 3. The motor 15 drives the slide 13 through a lead screw provided on the base 12 and a nut provided on the slide. A grating ruler 17 is provided on the base 12 along the Y-axis direction. The grating ruler 17 can accurately measure the displacement of the optical probe 11 and accurately grasp the processing accuracy.

[0038] Furthermore, there are two optical probes 11, which can be the transmitting end and the receiving end of a laser probe, or other forms of optical probes. The two optical probes 11 are arranged opposite to each other along the Z-axis direction, and a proximity switch 16 is arranged between the two optical probes 11. The proximity switch 16 is used to measure the distance between the measuring device and the workpiece being processed. The two optical probes are arranged opposite to each other, one emits a laser and the other receives a laser. The optical probe approaches the workpiece until the laser is blocked by the workpiece, and the outer diameter of the workpiece can be measured from this data. When the proximity switch measures that the distance between the workpiece and the measuring device is close to a suitable range, the optical probe starts to work and performs real-time detection of the outer diameter of the workpiece.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a workpiece slide 4 which can move along the X-axis is provided on the bed base, a first support 41 is fixed at one end of the workpiece slide 4, a power spindle 42 is provided on the first support 41, a second support 43 is provided at the other end of the work slide 4, the second support 43 can move along the X-axis on the work slide 4, a driven spindle 44 is provided on the second support 43, and a reference plate 46 and a hydraulic clamping device 45 are provided in sequence on the opposite end faces of the power spindle 42 and the driven spindle 44.

[0040] The workpiece is fixed between the power spindle and the driven spindle, and the second support is adjusted to make the distance between the power spindle and the driven spindle appropriate, and then the workpiece is clamped by the hydraulic clamping device. During processing, the power spindle provides rotational power to drive the workpiece and the driven spindle to rotate, and then the grinding wheel 23 is used for grinding. The clamping force provided by the hydraulic clamping device is adjustable within a certain range, and the workpiece can be clamped without damaging the workpiece.

[0041] The outer diameter of the reference disk 46 is a standard value. Before measurement, the optical probe moves quickly toward the reference disk 46. When the proximity switch 16 senses that the distance to the reference disk 46 is relatively close, the moving speed of the optical probe decreases and it slowly approaches the reference disk. When the laser emitted by the optical probe is blocked by the reference disk, the distance moved by the optical probe is accurately obtained through the grating ruler. This distance corresponds to the standard outer diameter of the reference disk, and is used as a reference to measure the outer diameter of the workpiece.

[0042] Furthermore, if Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a floating support structure 8 is provided on the workpiece slide 4. The floating support structure 8 includes a floating bracket 81 that can move along the X-axis direction on the workpiece slide 4. A floating support plate 82 is provided on the floating bracket 81. The floating support plate 82 can be adjusted by an up-down adjustment screw 83 and a left-right adjustment screw 84. The floating support structure can realize the concentric adjustment of the left and right ends of the workpiece, thereby smoothly realizing the hydraulic clamping of the left and right sides. The up-down adjustment screw pushes the wedge block 86 between the floating support plate and the floating bracket, thereby allowing the floating support plate to be adjusted up and down. There are three left-right adjustment screws. The middle adjustment screw and the adjustment screws on both sides apply forces in opposite directions to the floating support plate. By adjusting the three screws, the floating support plate can be adjusted left and right within a certain range. Adjusting the position of the floating support plate by adjusting the screws is a prior art, and its specific structure will not be repeated here.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a grinding wheel dresser 5 is provided on the first support 41, which can realize online dressing of the grinding wheel.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, a grinding wheel magazine 6 is fixed on the column 21. There are various angles of forming grinding wheels in the grinding wheel magazine, which facilitates the replacement of the grinding wheel during the processing, avoids consuming more time due to dressing the grinding wheel, and improves work efficiency.

[0045] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, a turning tool rest 7 is fixed to the lower end of the spindle 22. For an eccentric position with a large amount of grinding, the turning tool can be mounted on the turning tool rest to perform simple rough turning on the workpiece.

[0046] When in use, the workpiece is placed on the floating support structure 8 in the middle through the hoisting fixture. The floating support structure 8 is adjusted up and down and left and right by the up and down adjustment screws 83 and the left and right adjustment screws 84. The workpiece is moved forward and backward together with the floating support structure 8 through the handle 85 installed on the floating bracket 81. After the workpiece is adjusted to be concentric with the power spindle and the driven spindle at both ends, the workpiece is locked and clamped by the hydraulic clamping device 45. After the hydraulic clamping device 45 clamps the workpiece, the machine tool is started to run. The measuring device is started for calibration first, and the optical probe moves quickly toward the reference disk 46. When the proximity switch 16 senses that the distance of the reference disk 46 is close, the moving speed of the optical probe is reduced and it slowly approaches the reference disk. When the laser emitted by the optical probe is just blocked by the reference disk, the distance moved by the optical probe at this time is accurately obtained by the grating ruler. This distance corresponds to the standard value outer diameter of the reference disk, and this is used as a reference. In order to obtain more accurate data and eliminate error factors such as the thermal stability of the machine tool itself, repeated measurements are required, and the average value of the measurement results is taken as the final reference value. After calibration, the workpiece is rotated so that the optical probe 11 is close to the workpiece, and the proximity switch 16 detects the relative position with the workpiece to ensure that the optical probe 11 can detect the workpiece and does not collide with the workpiece. The optical probe 11 measures the outer diameter of the workpiece and determines the maximum grinding amount. If it reaches the allowable error range, the next step of grinding can be carried out, and detection is carried out during the grinding process. If it fails, the workpiece is disassembled.

[0047] During grinding, the grinding wheel magazine 6 is started, a suitable grinding wheel 23 is selected and installed on the spindle, and the workpiece is ground. During grinding, the workpiece is online detected at any time by the measuring device 1 to detect whether it reaches the allowable value of processing.

[0048] It is determined whether the grinding wheel 23 needs online dressing by the processing condition of the workpiece. If dressing is needed, the grinding wheel dresser 5 is started to dress the grinding wheel online. The grinding wheel dresser 5 can dress angle grinding wheels and flat grinding wheels.

[0049] In order to meet the grinding range of the workpiece diameter, ordinary horizontal grinders have a larger grinding wheel diameter for the grinding shaft, and it is difficult for the super-large grinding wheel to achieve high-speed rotation. In addition, from an economic point of view, most manufacturers choose grinding wheels made of silicon carbide or white corundum. The disadvantages of the material of such grinding wheels are that a large amount of dust and fast grinding wheel consumption will occur. The gantry grinder disclosed in the present invention can realize online measurement of the outer diameter of the workpiece in the early, middle and late stages of grinding, respectively, to ensure that the assembly and fitting state of the workpiece will not change after grinding is completed, thereby ensuring the operation accuracy of the entire component. In this way, when the workpiece is assembled into the machine, its own accuracy will not change during operation, and the machine tool can adopt a small-diameter CBN diameter grinding wheel, thereby achieving the advantages of low loss and high speed. The gantry grinder disclosed in the present invention can also realize the rapid replacement of grinding wheels for grinding, realize the replacement of grinding wheels of various specifications and types, save the time of online dressing of special angle grinding wheels, and the grinding wheel dresser is responsible for repairing the unevenness of the grinding wheel surface caused by the wear of the grinding wheel during the processing. In addition, the gantry grinder disclosed in the present invention can realize the convenient clamping of the workpiece, and the clamping clamps the workpiece through hydraulic pressure, reduces the damage to the workpiece caused by mechanical clamping and solves the problem of uncontrollable clamping force.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gantry grinder, characterized in that: comprising a measuring device (1); The measuring device (1) can move along the X-axis direction. An optical probe (11) is provided at one end of the measuring device (1) close to the bed base (3). There are two optical probes (11) in total. The two optical probes (11) are arranged opposite to each other. The optical probes (11) are used to detect the outer diameter of the workpiece being processed in real time. A workpiece slide (4) movable along the X-axis is provided on the bed base, a first support (41) is fixed to one end of the workpiece slide (4), a power spindle (42) is provided on the first support (41), a second support (43) is provided at the other end of the workpiece slide (4), the second support (43) is movable along the X-axis on the workpiece slide (4), a driven spindle (44) is provided on the second support (43), and reference disks (46) are provided on opposite end surfaces of the power spindle (42) and the driven spindle (44); The measuring device comprises a base (12) and a slide (13), wherein the base (12) is fixed on a column (21), the slide (13) can move on the base (12) along a Y-axis direction, and the optical probe (11) is fixed on the slide (13); A grating ruler (17) is provided on the base (12) along the Y-axis direction; The two optical measuring heads (11) are arranged opposite to each other along the Z-axis direction, and a proximity switch (16) is provided between the two optical measuring heads (11). The proximity switch (16) is used to measure the distance between the measuring device and the workpiece being processed.

2. A gantry grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic clamping device (45) is also provided on the opposite end surfaces of the power spindle (42) and the driven spindle (44).

3. A gantry grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A floating support structure (8) is provided on the workpiece slide (4), the floating support structure (8) comprising a floating support (81) that can move along the X-axis direction on the workpiece slide (4), a floating support plate (82) is provided on the floating support (81), and the position of the floating support plate (82) can be adjusted by means of an up-and-down adjustment screw (83) and a left-and-right adjustment screw (84).

4. A gantry grinder according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A grinding wheel dresser (5) is provided on the first support (41).

5. The gantry grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (14) is provided on the base (12) along the Y-axis direction, a slider that cooperates with the guide rail (14) is provided on the slide seat (13), and a motor (15) is provided at one end of the base (12) away from the bed base (3), and the motor (15) drives the slide seat (13) through the cooperation of a lead screw provided on the base (12) and a nut provided on the slide seat.

6. A gantry grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grinding wheel magazine (6) is fixed on the column (21).

7. A gantry grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turning tool holder (7) is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft (22).

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