electrical connectors

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrical connector, comprising a male connector and a female connector, wherein the male connector comprises a first insulating body and a plurality of first conductive terminals disposed within the first insulating body; the female connector comprises a second insulating body and a plurality of second conductive terminals disposed within the second insulating body; wherein the first conductive terminals and the second conductive terminals each comprise at least one pair of differential signal terminals and at least one pair of ground signal terminals, the ground signal terminals and the differential signal terminals being spaced and alternately arranged, and when the ground signal terminals of the female connector are connected to the ground signal terminals of the male connector, the ground signal terminals in the connectors are all connected to a common ground. The electrical connector of the present invention utilizes the spaced and alternately arranged ground signal terminals and the common ground connection of the ground signal terminals to provide a signal shielding effect for the differential signal terminals, thereby reducing signal crosstalk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of connectors, and in particular to an electrical connector. Background Art

[0002] Electrical connectors, as components that electrically connect modules within electronic devices, facilitate the transmission of electronic signals between them. As the frequency of signal transmission between modules increases, high-frequency connectors are often required to accommodate these high transmission rates.

[0003] However, high-frequency electronic signals transmitted by individual conductive terminals in an electrical connector are easily interfered with by the surrounding environment and generate noise. Current electrical connector structures used to reduce interference between high-speed signal terminals in an electrical connector are relatively complex and have poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an electrical connector that can reduce signal crosstalk.

[0005] The present invention provides an electrical connector, comprising:

[0006] A male connector includes a first insulating body and a plurality of first conductive terminals disposed in the first insulating body;

[0007] A female connector comprising a second insulating body and a plurality of second conductive terminals disposed in the second insulating body;

[0008] Among them, the first conductive terminal arranged in the first insulating body and the second conductive terminal arranged in the second insulating body each include at least one pair of differential signal terminals and at least one pair of ground signal terminals. When the male connector is docked with the female connector, the differential signal terminals of the male connector correspond one-to-one with the differential signal terminals of the female connector and are electrically connected. The ground signal terminals of the male connector correspond one-to-one with the ground signal terminals of the female connector and are electrically connected. The ground signal terminals and the differential signal terminals are spaced and arranged alternately. When the ground signal terminals of the female connector are connected to the ground signal terminals of the male connector, the ground signal terminals in the connectors are all connected to a common ground.

[0009] In one embodiment, two ground signal terminals arranged in pairs within the first insulating body are integrally formed on a metal sheet. A notch is provided at one end of the metal sheet, and a card slot is provided at the other end. When the male connector is docked with the female connector, the ground signal terminal of the female connector is snapped into the notch to make electrical contact with the metal sheet. The card slot can be snapped into a shielding sheet, which is used to connect the metal sheets in the male connector to a common ground.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shielding sheet is provided with clamping grooves that are engaged with the card slots. When the card slots of the metal sheet are engaged with the clamping grooves of the shielding sheet, the metal sheet is substantially perpendicular to the shielding sheet, so as to separate a plurality of "匚"-shaped shielding cavities, and the differential signal terminals in the electrical connector are located in the shielding cavities.

[0011] In one embodiment, a conductive structure is provided in the cavity enclosed by the first insulating body of the male connector. The conductive structure includes a body and a conductive layer covering the surface of the body, and the conductive layer is in electrical contact with the ground signal terminal located in the first insulating body.

[0012] In one embodiment, a plurality of clearance slots are formed on the body. When the male connector and the female connector are docked, the differential signal terminals of the male connector and the female connector are correspondingly located in the clearance slots.

[0013] In one embodiment, convex ribs are respectively formed on opposite sides of the clearance slots on the body. The conductive layer covers the surface of the convex ribs, and the convex ribs are abutted against the ground signal terminals of the male connector, so that the conductive layer is electrically connected to the ground signal terminals of the male connector.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second conductive terminal of the female connector is an elastic terminal with an elastic head. When the male connector and the female connector are docked, the first conductive terminal of the male connector abuts against the elastic head of the corresponding second conductive terminal.

[0015] In one embodiment, a shielding sheet is provided in the second insulating body. The shielding sheet includes a main body portion and a plurality of elastic abutting portions connected to the main body portion. The plurality of elastic abutting portions respectively correspond to the ground signal terminals of the female connector in the second insulating body. Among them, the ground signal terminals of the female connector have elastic heads, and the elastic heads can be squeezed to contact the corresponding elastic abutting portions.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the male connector and the female connector are in a separated state, the elastic heads of the ground signal terminals of the female connector and the elastic abutting portions on the shielding sheet are spaced apart from each other. When the male connector and the female connector are docked, the ground signal terminals of the male connector abut against the ground signal terminals of the female connector, and elastically press the elastic heads of the ground terminals of the female connector, so that the elastic heads elastically abut against the corresponding elastic abutting portions.

[0017] In one embodiment, the plurality of elastic abutting portions are bent relative to the main body toward a side where the ground signal terminal of the female connector is located.

[0018] In one embodiment, the plurality of ground signal terminals of the male connector are integrally formed on a shielding sheet, and avoidance grooves are formed between adjacent ground signal terminals, and the avoidance grooves are used to accommodate the differential signal terminals of the male connector.

[0019] The electrical connector of the present invention utilizes the spaced and alternately arranged ground signal terminals and connects the ground signal terminals to a common ground, thereby forming a signal shielding effect for the differential signal terminals and reducing signal crosstalk. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, without paying any creative work, they can also obtain drawings of other embodiments based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state structure of the electrical connection of an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electrical connector in which the male connector and the female connector are separated;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the male connector in the electrical connector shown;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the female connector in the electrical connector shown;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional diagram of the electrical connector, showing the male and female connectors in a separated state;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the assembled state of the male connector and the female connector of the electrical connector is shown;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the male and female connectors of the electrical connector is shown;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the first conductive terminal and the shielding sheet in the male connector of the electrical connector of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the male connector of the electrical connector of Example 1;

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the exploded state of the first conductive terminal and the shielding sheet in the male connector of the electrical connector is shown;

[0031] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the connection of the ground signal terminal and the shielding sheet of the male connector and the female connector in the electrical connector of Example 1;

[0032] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first conductive terminals of the male connector in the electrical connector of Example 1;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the male connector of the electrical connector of Example 2;

[0034] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the conductive structure in the male connector of the electrical connector is shown;

[0035] Figure 15 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the end face structure of the male connector of the electrical connector in an assembled state is shown;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the partial end face structure of the electrical connector of Example 3, with the male connector and the female connector in the assembled state;

[0037] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the electrical connector at the circle is shown;

[0038] Figure 18 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shielding sheet of an electrical connector according to Example 3;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical connector of Example 3, in which the second conductive terminal of the female connector is disconnected from the shielding sheet;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical connector of Example 3, in which the second conductive terminal of the female connector is in contact with the shielding sheet;

[0041] Figure 21 for Figure 19An enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the circled part;

[0042] Figure 22 for Figure 20 An enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the circled part;

[0043] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the male connector of the electrical connector of Example 4;

[0044] Figure 24 for Figure 23 A schematic structural diagram of a male connector of an electrical connector in which a plurality of ground signal terminals are integrally formed on a shielding sheet is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0046] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "inner," "outer," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0047] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical connector 100, comprising a male connector 10 and a female connector 20. The male connector 10 and the female connector 20 can be mated together along a first direction, for example, referring to FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 can be plugged in and matched, and the first direction is the insertion direction during plugging and matching.

[0048] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the male connector 10 includes a first insulating body 11 and a plurality of first conductive terminals 12 housed in the first insulating body 11. The plurality of first conductive terminals 12 are divided into two rows. Specifically, the plurality of first conductive terminals 12 of the male connector 10 are divided into upper and lower rows of conductive terminals. The upper row of conductive terminals and the lower row of conductive terminals are parallel to each other and arranged in pairs in the first insulating body 11.

[0049] Combine Figure 8As shown, the first conductive terminals 12 arranged in pairs include at least one pair of differential signal terminals 121 and at least one pair of ground signal terminals 122. The differential signal terminals 121 arranged in pairs constitute a signal terminal pair, and the ground signal terminals 122 arranged in pairs constitute a ground terminal pair. Therefore, at least one signal terminal pair and at least one ground terminal pair are provided in the first insulating body 11.

[0050] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the female connector 20 includes a second insulating body 21 and a plurality of second conductive terminals 22 housed in the second insulating body 21. The arrangement of the plurality of second conductive terminals 22 in the second insulating body 21 is the same as the arrangement of the plurality of first conductive terminals 12 in the first insulating body 11, so that when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are docked, the plurality of second conductive terminals 22 correspond to the plurality of first conductive terminals 12, thereby realizing electrical connection between the male connector 10 and the female connector 20.

[0051] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are docked, the corresponding first conductive terminals 12 and the second conductive terminals 22 are of the same terminal type. Specifically, the differential signal terminal 121 in the first conductive terminal 12 corresponds to the differential signal terminal 221 in the second conductive terminal 22, and the ground signal terminal 122 in the first conductive terminal 12 corresponds to the ground signal terminal 122 in the second conductive terminal 22. For the terminal type and arrangement of the multiple second conductive terminals 22 in the female connector 20, reference can be made to the male connector 10 and will not be repeated here.

[0052] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the first insulating body 11 and the second insulating body 21 have a variety of structures. The structure of the first insulating body 11 of the male connector 10 and the structure of the second insulating body 21 of the female connector 20 are not limited here as long as they can achieve docking between the male connector 10 and the female connector 20, so that the corresponding first conductive terminals 12 and the second conductive terminals 22 are in electrical contact and the normal function of the electrical connector 100 is maintained.

[0053] For example, combined with Figures 5 to 7As shown, when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are connected by plugging, a plugging portion 10a is formed on the first insulating body 11 of the male connector 10, and at least part of the structure of the first conductive terminal 12 arranged on the first insulating body 11 is exposed on the plugging portion 10a. A mating portion 20a that cooperates with the plugging portion 10a is formed on the second insulating body 21 of the female connector 20. Through the cooperation of the plugging portion 10a and the mating portion 20a, the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are connected, and the second conductive terminal 22 will be in electrical contact with the corresponding first conductive terminal 12.

[0054] In some embodiments, the signal terminal pairs and the ground terminal pairs are arranged alternately. Figure 8 As shown, taking the example of 20 signal terminal pairs and 10 ground terminal pairs provided in the first insulating body 11, that is, the male connector 10 is provided with 20 pairs of differential signal terminals 121 and 10 pairs of ground signal terminals 122. Figure 8 As shown, 10 groups of ground terminal pairs are arranged at intervals, two groups of signal terminal pairs are arranged at intervals between two adjacent groups of ground terminal pairs, and a group of signal terminal pairs is arranged outside the outermost group of ground terminal pairs. In this arrangement, the signal terminal pairs and ground terminal pairs are evenly distributed, that is, there are an equal number of signal terminal pairs between any two adjacent groups of ground terminal pairs. Therefore, when two adjacent groups of ground terminal pairs are grounded, they can shield the signal terminal pairs located between the two adjacent groups of ground terminal pairs, thereby reducing interference between the signals transmitted by the differential signal terminals 221.

[0055] In other embodiments, the signal terminal pairs and the ground terminal pairs do not need to be evenly distributed. For example, two groups of signal terminal pairs are set between some adjacent ground terminal pairs, and three groups of signal terminal pairs are set between other adjacent ground terminal pairs. The adjacent ground terminal pairs can also have a better shielding effect on the signal terminal pairs located between them, thereby reducing interference between signals.

[0056] In some embodiments, because the upper row of conductive terminals and the lower row of conductive terminals are arranged in pairs within the first insulating body 11, the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 in the upper row is equal to the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 in the lower row. For example, if the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 in the upper row is 0.8 mm, the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 in the lower row is also 0.8 mm.

[0057] It should be noted that, when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 mate, the plurality of first conductive terminals 12 of the male connector 10 correspond to the plurality of second conductive terminals 22 of the female connector 20. Consequently, the plurality of second conductive terminals 22 are also divided into two rows, upper and lower, and the spacing between the second conductive terminals 22 in the upper or lower row is the same as the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 in the male connector 10. In other embodiments, the spacing between the first conductive terminals 12 or the second conductive terminals 22 in the same row can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, etc., and this is not limited here.

[0058] There are multiple implementation methods for the ground connection between the ground terminal pairs.

[0059] The electrical connection structure will be further described below in conjunction with the ground connection between the ground terminal pairs. Example 1

[0060] See Figure 8 As shown, in the first conductive terminals 12 within the first insulating body 11 of the male connector 10, each ground terminal pair is formed into one piece. That is, the two ground signal terminals 122 of the same ground terminal pair are formed together. In this way, when the ground signal terminals 122 are assembled to the first insulating body 11, the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals can be simultaneously assembled to the first insulating body 11. This structural form is simple and easy to assemble.

[0061] Furthermore, the two ground signal terminals 122 corresponding to the ground terminal pair are integrally formed on the metal sheet 15 . That is, the two ground signal terminals 122 constituting the ground terminal pair are integrated on the same metal sheet 15 .

[0062] For example, in some embodiments, two ground signal terminals 122 are welded to opposite sides of the metal sheet 15, or pins formed on the metal sheet 15 are bent outward to form a pair of ground signal terminals 122. The method for forming the ground signal terminals 122 on the metal sheet 15 is not limited herein; it is sufficient that the two ground signal terminals 122 corresponding to the ground terminal pair are integrally formed on the metal sheet 15.

[0063] One end of the metal sheet 15 is provided with a notch 15a, and the other end is provided with a locking slot 15b.

[0064] Combine Figure 10As shown, when the male connector 10 is mated with the female connector 20, the ground signal terminal 222 in the female connector 20 is snapped into the notch 15a, so that the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 is electrically connected to the metal sheet 15, and then the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 is electrically connected to the corresponding ground signal terminal 122 in the male connector 10 through the metal sheet 15.

[0065] Combined with Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the second conductive terminal 22 of the female connector 20 is an elastic terminal, which has an elastic head 22a, so that when the female connector 20 is mated with the male connector 10, the elastic head 22a of the ground signal terminal 221 in the second conductive terminal 22 can elastically abut against the side wall of the corresponding notch 15a. Correspondingly, the differential signal terminal 221 in the second conductive terminal 22 will elastically abut against the differential signal conductive terminal 121 in the first conductive terminal 21 to maintain a good electrical connection.

[0066] In this embodiment, since the second conductive terminal 22 of the female connector 20 is an elastic terminal, when the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 cooperates with the notch 15a of the metal sheet 15, the elastic ground signal terminal 122 can be conveniently inserted into the notch 15a and elastically contact the side wall of the notch 15a, so that the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 can maintain a good electrical connection with the metal sheet 15.

[0067] Combined with Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the card slot 15b can snap into the shielding sheet 16, so that while the shielding sheet 16 plays a shielding effect between the upper row of conductive terminals and the lower row of conductive terminals, the shielding sheet 16 is electrically grounded to all the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 and all the ground signal terminals 222 of the female connector 20 through cooperation with the card slot 15b of the metal sheet 15, thereby effectively reducing signal crosstalk.

[0068] As Figure 10 shown, the shielding sheet 16 is provided with a clamping groove 16a that is mutually snapped with the card slot 15b. When the clamping groove 16a of the shielding sheet 16 is mutually snapped with the card slot 15b of the metal sheet 15, the metal sheet 15 and the shielding sheet 16 are substantially perpendicular (refer to Figure 12 shown), so as to separate out several "匚"-shaped shielding cavities, and the differential signal terminals 121 in the male connector 10 are located in the shielding cavities, thereby achieving a better shielding effect to reduce signal crosstalk. [[ID=​In some embodiments, the sidewalls of the clamping groove 16a and / or the card slot 15b are provided with clamping protrusions 17, thereby enhancing the stability of the electrical connection between the shielding sheet 16 and the metal sheet 15. Specifically, taking the example of the case where both the sidewalls of the clamping groove 16a and the card slot 15b are provided with clamping protrusions 17, when the metal sheet 15 and the shielding sheet 16 are clamped together, the clamping protrusions 17 of the card slot 15b clamp and abut against the shielding sheet 16, while the clamping protrusions 17 of the clamping groove 16a clamp and abut against the metal sheet 15. In this structural form, the clamping protrusions 17 can form a stable point contact, thereby forming a stable electrical connection between the metal sheet 15 and the shielding sheet 16, and further connecting all the ground signal terminals 122 on the metal sheet 15 connected to the shielding sheet 16 to a common ground, thereby reducing signal crosstalk. Example 2

[0070] The similarities or similarities between the electrical connector 100 in Example 2 and the electrical connector 100 in Example 1 are not repeated here. The main difference between the two is that in the electrical connector 100 in Example 2, the ground signal terminals 122 in the electrical connector 100 are not connected through the shielding sheet 16, but the ground signal terminals 122 in the male connector 10 are electrically connected through a conductive structure, so that when the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 are connected to the corresponding ground signal terminals 122 in the female connector 20, a common ground connection is achieved between all the ground signal terminals 122 in the electrical connector 100.

[0071] Specifically, combined Figure 13 As shown, the conductive structure 13 includes a body 131 and a conductive layer (not shown) covering a surface of the body.

[0072] The body 131 can be inserted into the cavity 11a enclosed by the first insulating body 11 of the male connector 10, with the conductive layer electrically contacting the ground signal terminals 122 of the first conductive terminals 12 located within the first insulating body 11. The differential signal terminals 121 of the first conductive terminals 12 are insulated from the body 131 and the conductive layer. This structure allows the conductive layer to connect the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 to a common ground, thereby providing effective signal shielding and reducing crosstalk between signals.

[0073] The body 131 can be made of insulating materials such as plastic or other materials.

[0074] Combine Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of avoidance grooves 131 a are provided on the body 131 to avoid the differential signal terminals 121 in the electrical connector 100 by utilizing the avoidance grooves 131 a so that the differential signal terminals 121 do not contact the conductive layer, thereby preventing the differential signal terminals 121 from short-circuiting.

[0075] It should be noted that when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are docked, the differential signal terminals 121 of the male connector 10 and the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 are correspondingly located in the avoidance grooves 131a of the main body 131, thereby avoiding contact between the differential signal terminals 221 and the conductive layer on the main body 131.

[0076] After a plurality of air-avoiding grooves 131a are formed on the main body 131, a plurality of ridges 131b are correspondingly formed on the main body 131. It can be understood that the ridges 131b are formed on two opposite sides of each air-avoiding groove 131a.

[0077] The conductive layer can be disposed on the surface of the ridges 131b, so that when the body is inserted into the first insulating body 11 of the male connector 10, the multiple ridges 131b respectively abut against the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10, thereby electrically connecting the conductive layer to the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10, thereby electrically connecting the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 to a common ground. In this embodiment, after the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are mated, the ground signal terminals 222 of the female connector 20 are electrically contacted with the corresponding ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10, thereby connecting all the ground signal terminals 122 in the electrical connector 100 to a common ground, thereby effectively reducing signal crosstalk. Example 3

[0078] Combine Figures 16 to 18 As shown, compared to Examples 1 and 2, in the electrical connector 100 of Example 3, a shielding sheet 26 is disposed within the second insulating body 21. The shielding sheet 26 includes a main body 261 and a plurality of elastic abutting portions 262 connected to the main body 261. The plurality of elastic abutting portions 262 correspond to the ground signal terminals 222 of the female connector 20 within the second insulating body 21. In this embodiment, the ground signal terminals 222 of the female connector 20 have elastic head portions 22a that can be compressed to contact the corresponding elastic abutting portions 262.

[0079] Specifically, combined Figure 19 and Figure 21 As shown, when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are in a separated state, that is, when the male connector 10 and the female connector 20 are not docked, the elastic head 22a of the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 and the elastic abutment portion 262 on the shielding sheet 26 are spaced apart from each other.

[0080] Combine Figure 20 and Figure 22As shown, when the male connector 10 is docked with the female connector 20, the ground signal terminal 122 of the male connector 10 abuts against the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20, and elastically presses against the elastic head 22a of the ground terminal of the female connector 20, so that the elastic head 22a elastically abuts against the corresponding elastic abutting portion 262, thereby connecting the ground signal terminal 122 of the male connector 10 and the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 to a common ground with the shielding plate 26, so as to effectively reduce the signal crosstalk between the differential signal terminals 221.

[0081] In some embodiments, the differential signal terminals 221 and the ground signal terminals 122 of the female connector 20 both have elastic heads 22a, that is, the second conductive terminals 22 of the female connector 20 both have elastic heads 22a, so that when the male connector 10 is docked with the female connector 20, the first conductive terminals 12 of the male connector 10 can stably maintain elastic abutment with the corresponding second conductive terminals 22 to maintain good electrical contact.

[0082] It should be noted that when the male connector 10 is docked with the female connector 20, the ground signal terminal 122 of the male connector 10 contacts the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20, and the differential signal terminal 121 of the male connector 10 contacts the differential signal terminal 221 of the female connector 20, thereby maintaining the normal use of the electrical connector 100.

[0083] In some embodiments, combined Figure 20 and Figure 22 As shown, a plurality of elastic abutment portions 262 are deflected relative to the main body portion 261 toward the side where the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 is located, so that when the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 is pressed by the male connector 10, the ground signal terminal 222 of the female connector 20 abuts against the corresponding elastic abutment portions 262, and the differential signal terminal 221 of the female connector 20 is located between adjacent elastic abutment portions 262 and spaced from the main body portion 261 to avoid short circuit of the differential signal terminal 221.

[0084] In other embodiments, an insulating layer (not shown) may be coated on one side of the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 close to the main body 261, so that even if the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 are squeezed and come into contact with the main body 261, the insulating layer can still provide a good insulating effect between the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 and the main body 261, thereby preventing the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 from short-circuiting.

[0085] It should be noted that in other embodiments, other structures can be used to prevent short circuits between the differential signal terminals 221 and maintain the normal practical function of the electrical connector 100. For example, the main body 261 of the shielding sheet 26 can be covered with an insulating layer. Since the insulating layer covers the main body 261, it does not affect the electrical connection between the multiple elastic abutting portions 262 on the shielding sheet 26. When the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 contact the differential signal terminals 121 of the male connector 10, the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 abut against the insulating layer on the main body 261, thereby preventing the differential signal terminals 221 of the female connector 20 from short circuiting. Example 4

[0086] Combine Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, unlike the electrical connector 100 of Examples 1-3, in the electrical connector 100 of Example 4, the multiple grounding signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 are integrally formed on the shielding plate 36. In this way, the multiple grounding signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 are connected to the common ground through the shielding plate 36 to fully exert the grounding effect and reduce signal crosstalk.

[0087] In this embodiment, after multiple ground signal terminals 122 are integrally formed on the shielding sheet 36, avoidance grooves 36a are formed between adjacent ground signal terminals 122. The differential signal terminals 221 in the male connector 10 can be accommodated in the avoidance grooves 36a without short-circuiting with the ground signal terminals 122 in the male connector 10. In other words, the differential signal terminals 221 and the ground signal terminals 122 of the male connector 10 are spaced apart from each other to maintain the normal functional requirements of the electrical connector 100.

[0088] It should be noted that in the male connector 10, the multiple ground signal terminals 122 of the upper row of conductive terminals are integrally formed, and correspondingly, the multiple ground signal terminals 122 of the lower row of conductive terminals are integrally formed. The first insulating body 11 can be divided into an upper base 111 and a lower base 112. The multiple ground signal terminals 122 of the upper row of conductive terminals are disposed in the upper base 111, while the multiple ground signal terminals 122 of the lower row of conductive terminals are disposed in the lower base 112. The upper base 111 and the lower base 112 can be fastened together by a snap 113.

[0089] The buckle 113 is provided with a snap-in 113 a , and the upper base 111 and the lower base 112 are correspondingly provided with a snap-in slot 11 b . The snap-in 113 a snaps into the sidewall of the snap-in slot 11 b to fix the upper base 111 and the lower base 112 together.

[0090] In other embodiments, the upper base 111 and the lower base 112 are integrally formed by injection molding.

[0091] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0092] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: Comprising: A male connector, including a first insulating body and a plurality of first conductive terminals disposed within the first insulating body; A female connector, including a second insulating body and a plurality of second conductive terminals disposed within the second insulating body; Wherein, the first conductive terminals disposed within the first insulating body and the second conductive terminals disposed within the second insulating body each include at least one pair of differential signal terminals and at least one pair of ground signal terminals. When the male connector is docked with the female connector, the differential signal terminals of the male connector and the differential signal terminals of the female connector are in one-to-one correspondence and electrically connected, and the ground signal terminals of the male connector and the ground signal terminals of the female connector are in one-to-one correspondence and electrically connected. The ground signal terminals and the differential signal terminals are spaced apart and arranged alternately. When the ground signal terminals of the female connector are connected to the ground signal terminals of the male connector, the ground signal terminals within the connector are all commonly grounded. The two ground signal terminals arranged in pairs within the first insulating body are integrally formed on a metal sheet. One end of the metal sheet is provided with a notch, and the other end is provided with a card slot. When the male connector is docked with the female connector, the ground signal terminals of the female connector are inserted into the notch to make electrical contact with the metal sheet. The card slot can be inserted with a shielding sheet, and the shielding sheet is used to commonly ground the metal sheet within the male connector. The side wall of the card slot is provided with clamping bumps.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The shielding sheet is provided with a clamping groove that is mutually engaged with the card slot. When the card slot of the metal sheet is mutually engaged with the clamping groove of the shielding sheet, the metal sheet is perpendicular to the shielding sheet to partition out several "匚"-shaped shielding cavities, and the differential signal terminals within the electrical connector are located within the shielding cavities.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The side wall of the clamping groove is provided with clamping bumps.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The two ground signal terminals arranged in pairs within the first insulating body are respectively welded to opposite sides of the metal sheet.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of first conductive terminals in the male connector are divided into upper row conductive terminals and lower row conductive terminals, and the upper row conductive terminals and the lower row conductive terminals are parallel to each other and arranged in pairs within the first insulating body.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 5, wherein: The ground signal terminals arranged in pairs form a ground terminal pair, and the differential signal terminals arranged in pairs form a signal terminal pair. There are an equal number of signal terminal pairs between any two adjacent ground terminal pairs.

7. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The second conductive terminals of the female connector are elastic terminals with elastic heads. When the male connector is docked with the female connector, the first conductive terminals of the male connector abut against the elastic heads of the corresponding second conductive terminals.

8. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: A plug-in portion is formed on the first insulating body, and at least part of the structure of the first conductive terminals disposed on the first insulating body is exposed outside the plug-in portion. A mating portion that mates with the plug-in portion is formed on the second insulating body. Through the cooperation of the plug-in portion and the mating portion, the male connector and the female connector are docked.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The intervals between the first conductive terminals or the second conductive terminals in the same row are 0.5 mm or 1 mm.

10. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The pins formed on the metal sheet are folded outwards by bending to form a pair of ground signal terminals.

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