Wheat straw pulverizer and forage processing method

Abstract

The application relates to a wheat straw pulverizer and a feed processing method, and belongs to the technical field of wheat straw feed processing. The technical scheme points of the application are as follows: a wheat straw pulverizer comprises a pulverizer body, the pulverizer body is provided with a conveying belt for conveying materials, an automatic feeding device is arranged above the conveying belt, the automatic feeding device comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates and a driving device for driving the clamping plates to move, the clamping plates are fixedly connected with the driving device, the use of manual labor is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved, a moisture adjusting device is arranged in the modified straw pulverizer, the overall solidity and dry matter balance of the wheat straw silage after being stored in the peritoneal cavity are improved, and the processing process is streamlined to ensure the stability of the quality of the fermented wheat straw.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wheat straw feed processing, and particularly relates to a wheat straw pulverizer and a feed processing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The protein content of wheat straw accounts for about 3% of dry matter, and the main components are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Silage is a kind of roughage made by crushing and ammoniating dry straw with a low water content to a water content of 50%-65%, under the condition of airtight anaerobic, through the fermentation of anaerobic lactic acid bacteria, the propagation of various miscellaneous bacteria is inhibited, and a high-quality silage is obtained.

[0003] The existing production process of wheat straw silage is as follows: wheat straw rubbing and crushing, ammoniation treatment, centrifugal machine filtering out excess water, adding fermentation bacteria, wrapping machine bundling and winding stretch film, anaerobic lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and high-quality silage. The silage after fermentation is rich in nutrients, has good palatability, has a long storage time, can be stored for 3-5 years, is convenient to use, and has an acid and fragrant smell, is rich in nutrients, and is a good source of livestock feed.

[0004] The existing wheat straw pulverizer uses the old method of manual feeding in the use process, and has many workers and low efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a wheat straw pulverizer, and the second purpose is to provide a wheat straw feed processing method. The automatic feeding device is arranged on the pulverizer body to replace manual feeding, so as to reduce the use of manual labor and improve the processing efficiency.

[0006] The technical purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] A wheat straw pulverizer comprises a pulverizer body, the pulverizer body is provided with a conveying belt for conveying materials, an automatic feeding device is arranged above the conveying belt, the automatic feeding device comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates and a driving device for driving the clamping plates to move, and the clamping plates are fixedly connected with the driving device.

[0008] Through the above technical scheme, when the wheat straw pulverizer is used, the wheat straw is placed in front of the conveying belt, the automatic feeding device is installed above the conveying belt, and then the automatic feeding device is started. The driving device drives the two clamping plates to clamp the wheat straw, and the clamped wheat straw is placed on the conveying belt. Compared with the manual feeding method in the prior art, the automatic feeding device is arranged to replace manual feeding, which reduces the use of manual labor and improves the processing efficiency.

[0009] The application is further provided with: the driving device comprises a moving cylinder, a connecting block and a positioning cylinder, the moving cylinder is arranged parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the moving cylinder, the positioning cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting block, the extension direction of the positioning cylinder is perpendicular to the extension direction of the moving cylinder, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder is detachably fixedly connected with the clamping plate.

[0010] Through the above technical scheme, when the clamping plate is driven by the driving device to load, the moving cylinder drives the connecting block, the positioning cylinder and the clamping plate to move along the conveying direction parallel to the conveying belt, so that the clamping plate clamps the wheat straw and places the wheat straw on the conveying belt; the extension direction of the positioning cylinder is perpendicular to the extension direction of the moving cylinder, and the positioning cylinder drives the two clamping plates to move relatively, so that the relative distance between the two clamping plates is adjusted to clamp and place the wheat straw by the two clamping plates, thereby realizing automatic loading of the wheat straw, reducing the use of manpower and improving the processing efficiency.

[0011] The application is further provided with: the driving device is provided with a protective shell, a communication hole is horizontally arranged on the side of the protective shell close to the conveying belt, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder passes through the communication hole and is detachably connected with the clamping plate.

[0012] Through the above technical scheme, when the protective shell is used, the driving device is placed in the protective shell, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder is connected with the clamping plate after passing through the communication hole, so that the protective shell protects the driving device, reduces the interference of the wheat straw on the normal use of the driving device, and improves the use stability of the driving device.

[0013] The application is further provided with: the clamping plate is hollow in the inner cavity, and a positioning member is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the clamping plate, the positioning member comprises a positioning plate and a rack vertically arranged on the positioning plate, and a tooth hole is arranged on the side of the clamping plate close to the rack to allow the rack to pass through; the piston rod of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected with the side of the positioning plate away from the rack after passing through the clamping plate.

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, the inner cavity of the clamping plate is hollow, and the positioning member is arranged in the inner cavity of the clamping plate, one side of the positioning member is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder drives the positioning member to be slidably connected with the clamping plate; when the clamping plate is used to clamp the wheat straw, the rack on the positioning member has a supporting effect on the wheat straw; when the clamping plate clamps the wheat straw to the upper side of the conveying belt, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning member to move away from the center of the conveying belt, so that the positioning member and the two clamping plates are separated, thereby placing the clamped wheat straw and realizing automatic loading.

[0015] The application is further provided with: the tooth holes on the two clamping plates are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0016] Through the technical scheme, the tooth holes on the two clamping plates are misaligned, so that the rack of the positioning member in the inner cavity of one clamping plate abuts against the other clamping plate after passing through the tooth hole, the positioning members on the two clamping plates are staggered, and the support effect on the wheat straws is enhanced; when the clamping plate reaches above the conveying belt, the positioning member drives the rack to shrink inward, so that the wheat straw placed on the rack falls vertically on the conveying belt, the feeding process of the wheat straw is completed, and the use effect of the automatic feeding device is improved.

[0017] The piston rod of the positioning cylinder is sleeved with a limiting tube on the circumferential surface of one end connected with the positioning plate, the limiting tube is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the positioning cylinder, one end of the limiting tube close to the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the positioning plate, and one end of the limiting tube close to the clamping plate is spaced apart from the clamping plate.

[0018] Through the technical scheme, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning member to move, when the positioning member moves into the cavity of the clamping plate, the limiting tube on the piston rod of the positioning cylinder abuts against the inner wall of the clamping plate, then the positioning cylinder drives the clamping plate and the positioning member inside the clamping plate to move together, the distance between the two clamping plates is increased, the wheat straw falls down conveniently, the feeding rate of the automatic feeding device is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0019] The rack is provided in plurality, and the plurality of racks are fixedly arranged on the positioning plate.

[0020] Through the technical scheme, the plurality of racks are arranged on the positioning plate at intervals, the support effect of the positioning member on the wheat straw is improved, and the feeding convenience and stability of the automatic feeding device on the wheat straw are further improved.

[0021] The rack is a rack made of plastic.

[0022] Through the technical scheme, the rack is made of plastic, the plastic is light in quality, the movement of the positioning member is more convenient, and the rack only supports the wheat straw, so that the plastic can meet the support requirement and is low in cost, and the plastic is an ideal material for the rack.

[0023] The side, away from the moving cylinder, of the clamping plate is designed in an arc shape.

[0024] Through the technical scheme, the clamping plate is inserted into the inside of the wheat straw pile first during use, and then the clamping plate clamps the wheat straw, the side, away from the moving cylinder, of the clamping plate is designed in an arc shape, the resistance of the wheat straw to the clamping plate is reduced, the clamping plate is conveniently inserted into the inside of the wheat straw pile, and the use convenience of the automatic feeding device is improved.

[0025] A wheat straw forage processing method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: wheat straw rubbing silk crushing, ammoniation treatment, centrifugal dewatering, fermentation, packaging,

[0026] a. crushing wheat straw for 2-4 hours by using a modified crusher body;

[0027] b. moving the product obtained in step a to a reaction tank, adding ammoniation reagent, and stirring for 2-4 hours for ammoniation treatment;

[0028] c. moving the product obtained in step b to a centrifuge, and rotating the centrifuge for 0.5 hours for dewatering treatment;

[0029] d. adding fermentation bacteria to the product obtained in step c and stirring;

[0030] e. packaging the product obtained in step d.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the wheat straw is placed on one side of the crusher body, and the wheat straw entering the crusher body is crushed by the crusher body. Then the crushed wheat straw is transferred to the reaction tank for ammoniation treatment, and ammoniation reagent is added to the reaction tank for ammoniation treatment for 2-4 hours to improve the ammoniation treatment rate of the wheat straw and the taste of the wheat straw. After the ammoniation of the wheat straw is completed, the wheat straw in the reaction tank is transferred to the centrifuge for centrifugal treatment to filter out the excess water in the wheat straw. Then fermentation bacteria are added to the filtered wheat straw, which has a good inhibitory effect on some spoilage bacteria and low temperature bacteria in the wheat straw, accelerates the fermentation of the wheat straw, and makes the taste of the wheat straw better. Finally, the fermented wheat straw is packaged to prolong the storage time of the wheat straw and achieve on-demand use, improving the convenience of using the wheat straw silage feed.

[0032] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are:

[0033] 1. By providing an automatic feeding device on the crusher body, the automatic feeding device clamps the wheat straw and places it on the conveyor belt, achieving the effect of reducing the use of manpower and improving the processing efficiency;

[0034] 2. By covering the protection shell on the driving device, the protection shell protects the driving device, reduces the interference of the wheat straw on the normal use of the driving device, and improves the use stability of the driving device;

[0035] 3. By setting a positioning component in the inner cavity of the clamping plate, the rack on the positioning component supports the wheat straw. When the clamping plate clamps the wheat straw and reaches the top of the conveyor belt, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning component to move away from the center of the conveyor belt, so that the positioning component and the two clamping plates separate, thereby putting down the clamped wheat straw and improving the automatic feeding effect. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden protective shell in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning cylinder and the clamping plate in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamping plate and positioning element in this embodiment.

[0040] Reference numerals: 1. Crusher body; 11. Conveyor belt; 2. Automatic feeding device; 21. Clamping plate; 211. Toothed hole; 22. Drive device; 221. Moving cylinder; 222. Connecting block; 223. Positioning cylinder; 2231. Limiting tube; 3. Protective shell; 31. Connecting hole; 4. Positioning component; 41. Positioning plate; 42. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 A wheat straw crusher includes a crusher body 1, a conveyor belt 11 for conveying materials, and an automatic feeding device 2 above the conveyor belt 11. The automatic feeding device 2 clamps the wheat straw and places it onto the conveyor belt 11. Compared with the existing technology of manual feeding, this embodiment achieves the effect of reducing manual labor and improving processing efficiency.

[0044] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3, the automatic feeding device 2 comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates 21 and a driving device 22 for driving the clamping plates 21 to move, the driving device 22 comprises a moving cylinder 221, a connecting block 222 and a positioning cylinder 223, the moving cylinder 221 is arranged in parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt 11, the connecting block 222 is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the moving cylinder 221, the positioning cylinder 223 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 222, and the extension direction of the positioning cylinder 223 is arranged perpendicularly to the extension direction of the moving cylinder 221, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 is detachably fixedly connected with the clamping plate 21. When the wheat straw pulverizer with the automatic feeding device 2 is used, the wheat straws to be pulverized are stacked in front of the conveying belt 11, the automatic feeding device 2 is installed on the pulverizer body 1 and is arranged above the conveying belt 11, and then the automatic feeding device 2 is started, the moving cylinder 221 of the driving device 22 drives the connecting block 222, the positioning cylinder 223 and the clamping plates 21 to move along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 11, when the clamping plates 21 are inserted into the wheat straws, the positioning cylinder 223 is started to drive the two clamping plates 21 to move relatively, the relative distance between the two clamping plates 21 is adjusted to clamp the wheat straws, then the moving cylinder 221 drives the clamping plates 21 clamping the wheat straws to move above the conveying belt 11, the two positioning cylinders 223 are moved away from the center of the conveying belt 11 to separate the two clamping plates 21, and the wheat straws are put onto the conveying belt 11, the conveying belt 11 conveys the wheat straws to the inside of the pulverizer body 1 for pulverization, and the automatic feeding is completed. In the use process, the clamping plates 21 are first inserted into the inside of the wheat straw stack, and then the wheat straws are clamped, the side of the clamping plate 21 away from the moving cylinder 221 is arranged in an arc shape to reduce the resistance of the wheat straws to the clamping plate 21, facilitate the insertion of the clamping plate 21 into the inside of the wheat straw stack, and improve the use convenience of the automatic feeding device 2.

[0045] In combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the driving device 22 is provided with a protective shell 3, the side of the protective shell 3 close to the conveying belt 11 is horizontally provided with a communication hole 31, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 passes through the communication hole 31 to be detachably connected with the clamping plate 21. When the protective shell 3 is used, the driving device 22 is arranged in the protective shell 3, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 is connected with the clamping plate 21 after passing through the communication hole 31, the protective shell 3 protects the driving device 22, reduces the interference of the wheat straws to the normal use of the driving device 22, and improves the use stability of the driving device 22.

[0046] In combination Figure 3 and Figure 4The inner cavity of the clamping plate 21 is hollow, and the inner cavity of the clamping plate 21 is slidably provided with a positioning piece 4, the positioning piece 4 comprises a positioning plate 41 and a rack 42 vertically arranged on the positioning plate 41, and the side of the clamping plate 21 close to the rack 42 is provided with a tooth hole 211 for the rack 42 to pass through; the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate 41 away from the rack 42 after penetrating through the clamping plate 21, when the clamping plate 21 is used to clamp the wheat straw, the rack 42 on the positioning piece 4 has a supporting effect on the wheat straw, the rack 42 is provided in plurality and is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate 41, thereby improving the supporting effect of the positioning piece 4 on the wheat straw and enhancing the convenience and stability of the automatic feeding device 2 on the wheat straw; and the tooth holes 211 on the two clamping plates 21 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the rack 42 of the positioning piece 4 in the inner cavity of one clamping plate 21 penetrates through the tooth hole 211 and abuts against the other clamping plate 21, thereby further enhancing the supporting effect on the wheat straw; and when the clamping plate 21 reaches above the conveying belt 11, the positioning piece 4 drives the rack 42 to shrink inward, so that the wheat straw placed on the rack 42 falls vertically on the conveying belt 11, thereby completing the feeding process of the wheat straw and improving the use effect of the automatic feeding device 2; the rack 42 is made of plastic material, the plastic is light in weight, the movement of the positioning piece 4 is more convenient, and the rack 42 only supports the wheat straw, so that the plastic can meet the supporting requirement while being low in cost, and is a relatively ideal material for the rack 42.

[0047] In combination Figure 3 And Figure 4 The circumferential surface of the end of the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 connected with the positioning plate 41 is sleeved with a limiting tube 2231, the limiting tube 2231 is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223, one end of the limiting tube 2231 close to the positioning plate 41 is fixedly connected with the positioning plate 41, and the other end of the limiting tube 2231 close to the clamping plate 21 is arranged in a spaced manner with the clamping plate 21, when the positioning piece 4 moves into the cavity of the clamping plate 21, the limiting tube 2231 on the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 abuts against the inner wall of the clamping plate 21, then the positioning cylinder 223 drives the clamping plate 21 and the positioning piece 4 inside the clamping plate 21 to move together, thereby increasing the distance between the two clamping plates 21, facilitating the falling of the wheat straw, improving the feeding rate of the automatic feeding device 2, and improving the production efficiency.

[0048] The implementation principle of the embodiment is that when the wheat straw pulverizer with the automatic feeding device 2 is used, the driving device 22 of the automatic feeding device 2 is installed on the pulverizer body 1, then the protective shell 3 is covered on the driving device 22, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 of the driving device 22 extends to the outside of the protective shell 3 through the communication hole 31 of the protective shell 3; then the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 223 penetrates the inner cavity of the clamping plate 21 and is fixedly connected with the positioning plate 41, so that the positioning cylinder 223 drives the positioning piece 4 to slide in the cavity of the clamping plate 21; when the automatic feeding device 2 is used to clamp the wheat straw, the wheat straw to be pulverized is stacked in front of the conveying belt 11, and then the automatic feeding device 2 is started, the moving cylinder 221 of the driving device 22 drives the connecting block 222, the positioning cylinder 223 and the clamping plate 21 to move along the conveying direction parallel to the conveying belt 11, when the clamping plate 21 is inserted into the wheat straw, the positioning cylinder 223 is started, the positioning cylinder 223 pushes the rack 42 of the positioning piece 4 to penetrate the tooth hole 211 of the clamping plate 21, and the rack 42 plays a supporting and stabilizing role on the wheat straw; then the moving cylinder 221 drives the clamping plate 21 and the positioning piece 4 clamping the wheat straw to move above the conveying belt 11, and the two positioning cylinders 223 are moved away from the center of the conveying belt 11, so that the racks 42 on the two clamping plates 21 are separated, the wheat straw is put on the conveying belt 11, the conveying belt 11 conveys the wheat straw to the inside of the pulverizer body 1 for pulverization, and the automatic feeding is completed. In summary, the embodiment reduces the use of manual labor and improves the processing efficiency.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] A wheat straw forage processing method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: wheat straw rubbing and crushing, ammoniation treatment, centrifugal dewatering, fermentation, packaging,

[0051] a. The wheat straw is crushed for 2-4 hours by using the pulverizer body;

[0052] b. The product obtained in step a is moved to the reaction tank, and after adding the ammoniation reagent, the ammoniation treatment is carried out for 2-4 hours while stirring;

[0053] c. The product obtained in step b is moved into the centrifuge, and the centrifuge is rotated for 0.5 hours for dewatering treatment;

[0054] d. The fermentation bacteria are added to the product obtained in step c and stirred;

[0055] e. The product obtained in step d is packaged.

[0056] The wheat straw is placed on one side of the pulverizer body, and the pulverizer body is used for automatic feeding, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the wheat straw; the wheat straw entering the pulverizer body is crushed by the pulverizer body; then the crushed wheat straw is transferred to the reaction tank for ammoniation, thereby improving the conversion of the organic matter in the wheat straw; a special ammoniation agent is added to the reaction tank for ammoniation treatment for 3 hours, thereby improving the ammoniation treatment rate of the wheat straw and the taste of the wheat straw and enhancing the nutrition of the wheat straw; after the ammoniation of the wheat straw is completed, the wheat straw in the reaction tank is transferred to the centrifugal machine for centrifugal treatment, so as to filter out the excess water in the wheat straw; then the fermentation bacteria are added to the filtered wheat straw to promote the fermentation of the wheat straw; the anaerobic lactic acid bacteria are preferred in the application, the anaerobic lactic acid bacteria have a good inhibitory effect on some spoilage bacteria and low-temperature bacteria in the wheat straw, accelerate the fermentation of the wheat straw, and make the taste of the wheat straw better; finally, the wheat straw after fermentation is packaged, the loss of nutrients in the wheat straw is reduced, the storage time of the wheat straw is prolonged, the wheat straw can be used as needed, and the use efficiency and convenience of the wheat straw silage feed are improved.

[0057] The embodiments of the specific embodiment are the preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application, so that: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A wheat straw shredder comprising a shredder body (1) provided with a conveyor belt (11) for feeding, characterized in that: The upper part of the conveying belt (11) is provided with an automatic feeding device (2), the automatic feeding device (2) comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates (21) and a driving device (22) for driving the clamping plates (21) to move, and the clamping plates (21) are fixedly connected with the driving device (22); the inner cavity of the clamping plate (21) is hollow, and a positioning member (4) is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the clamping plate (21), the positioning member (4) comprises a positioning plate (41) and a rack (42) vertically arranged on the positioning plate (41), and a tooth hole (211) is formed in the side of the clamping plate (21) close to the rack (42) and used for the rack (42) to pass through; the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (223) is fixedly connected with the side of the positioning plate (41) away from the rack (42) after penetrating through the clamping plate (21); a limiting tube (2231) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of one end of the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (223) connected with the positioning plate (41), the limiting tube (2231) is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (223), one end of the limiting tube (2231) close to the positioning plate (41) is fixedly connected with the positioning plate (41), and the other end of the limiting tube (2231) close to the clamping plate (21) is spaced apart from the clamping plate (21), and the cross section of the rack is circular.

2. A wheat straw pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (22) comprises a moving cylinder (221), a connecting block (222) and a positioning cylinder (223), the moving cylinder (221) is arranged parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt (11), the connecting block (222) is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the moving cylinder (221), the positioning cylinder (223) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting block (222), the extension direction of the positioning cylinder (223) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the moving cylinder (221), and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (223) is detachably fixedly connected with the clamping plate (21).

3. A wheat straw shredder according to claim 2, characterised in that: The driving device (22) is covered with a protective shell (3), the side of the protective shell (3) close to the conveying belt (11) is horizontally provided with a communication hole (31), and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (223) is detachably connected with the clamping plate (21) through the communication hole (31).

4. A wheat straw shredder according to claim 3, characterised in that: The tooth holes (211) on the two clamping plates (21) are arranged in a staggered manner.

5. A wheat straw pulverizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of racks (42) are arranged on the positioning plate (41).

6. A wheat straw shredder according to claim 5, characterised in that: The rack (42) is a plastic rack (42).

7. A wheat straw pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the clamping plate (21) away from the moving cylinder (221) is designed in an arc shape.

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