A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-station movable die base suitable for deep hole forgings of elastomers, including a die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit; the punch unit includes a first-station punch and a second-station punch, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically parallel and spaced apart and installed on a movable plate that can be driven to move horizontally in an upper mold plate, and the die unit includes a die; driven by the movable plate, the first-station punch and the second-station punch move left and right in turn to the corresponding stations to match with the die, and perform secondary extrusion forming on the heated blank placed in the die. The present invention can solve the problem of insufficient maximum closing height of existing equipment, and can realize the production of such elastomer extrusion parts, and is suitable for a type of elastomer that is overall longer and has an inner hole depth-to-diameter ratio of less than 3, and can be formed into the desired product by two-pass extrusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion forming, in particular to a multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as the market demand for projectile deep hole extrusion forgings has gradually increased, manufacturers have also increasingly demanded process modifications using existing equipment.

[0003] Among the deep hole extrusion forgings of the projectile type, there is a type of product with a relatively long overall forging and an inner hole depth-to-diameter ratio of less than 3. It is not very difficult to extrude the inner hole of such forgings, but the extrusion equipment generally needs to be customized to meet non-standard parameters such as the extrusion stroke of the equipment. Faced with the expensive equipment purchase costs, many manufacturers have lost the opportunity to transform and upgrade due to insufficient funds and the inability of existing equipment to meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the technical defects existing in the prior art and to provide a multi-station movable die base suitable for deep-hole forgings of the elastomeric type, in which a fixed die and a movable punch are used together, and a die and two punches are installed in the die frame to realize extrusion at two extrusion stations and three movable stations.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings, comprising:

[0007] A die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit; the punch unit includes a first-station punch and a second-station punch, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically parallel and spaced apart and installed on a movable plate that can be driven to move horizontally in an upper mold plate, and the die unit includes a die; driven by the movable plate, the first-station punch and the second-station punch move left and right in turn to corresponding stations to match with the die, and perform secondary extrusion forming on the heated blank placed in the die.

[0008] Preferably, a movable groove is formed in the upper template, and the movable plate is installed in the movable groove through a sliding track plate and is connected to the movable plate push-pull mechanism on both sides to achieve linear reciprocating movement in the movable groove through the sliding track plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the male mold unit includes a positioning template, the positioning template is installed on the upper end of the upper template, and a positioning key that is driven to vertically rise and fall is installed on the positioning template. The positioning key is located in a positioning key hole formed on the positioning template, and cooperates with two positioning holes on the movable plate, so that when the movable plate moves to the first station or the second station, it extends downward and is inserted into one of the positioning holes to position and fix the movable plate, so as to correct the coaxiality of the upper and lower molds of the extrusion station.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning key is a conical positioning key connected to a positioning key driving mechanism.

[0011] Among them, the punch unit is precisely positioned with the upper template, and the die unit is precisely positioned with the lower template. The upper template includes a guide sleeve, and the lower template includes a guide column. The guide column cooperates with the guide sleeve to achieve the guiding and positioning functions when the punch unit and the die unit move up and down relative to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the die unit includes a push rod that is driven to move vertically up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into the bottom through hole of the die to eject the forging formed in the die after the extrusion process is completed.

[0013] Furthermore, the die unit includes a discharge mechanism installed above the die, and two discharge plates with opposite surfaces arranged relatively to each other and driven to move synchronously to form symmetrical arc-shaped openings. During discharge, the two discharge plates move synchronously in opposite directions to open so that the extruded part can be taken out of the die, and during the extrusion process, the two discharge plates move relatively to each other and close to reduce the opening between them so that the blank or workpiece is confined in the die and cannot be taken out.

[0014] Wherein, the unloading plate of the unloading mechanism is connected to the unloading driving mechanism through a connecting rod mechanism.

[0015] The present invention can solve the problem of insufficient maximum closing height of existing equipment, and can realize the production of such elastomeric extrusion parts. It is suitable for a type of elastomeric products with a relatively long overall shape and an inner hole depth-to-diameter ratio of less than 3. The required products can be formed by two extrusion passes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep-hole forgings;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a top view after the movable plate and the upper template are assembled together;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one station during extrusion;

[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the two-station extrusion;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the pick-and-place station;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a top view schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism in the top view direction;

[0024] Figure 9-11 It is the control principle diagram of the induction switch;

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Lower template 2. Ejector 3. Concave die 4. Second station punch 5. First station punch 6. Moving plate 7. Upper template 8. Positioning template 9. Positioning key drive mechanism 10. Positioning key 11. Guide sleeve 12. Guide column 13. Unloading mechanism 14. Unloading drive mechanism 15. First moving plate push-pull mechanism 16. Second moving plate push-pull mechanism 17. Sliding track plate 18. Hydraulic cylinder sleeve 19. Induction switch 20. Signal rod 21. First connecting rod 22. Second connecting rod 23. Third connecting rod 24. Unloading pressure plate 25. Unloading plate A1. First station positioning surface A2. Second station positioning surface DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the multi-station movable die base suitable for elastomeric deep hole forgings of the present invention includes a die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit; the punch unit includes a first-station punch 5 and a second-station punch 4, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically parallel and spaced apart and installed on a movable plate 6 which can be driven to move horizontally in an upper mold plate 7, and the die unit includes a stationary die 3 fixed on a lower mold plate 1; driven by the movable plate 6, the first-station punch 5 and the second-station punch 4 move left and right to the corresponding stations in turn to match with the die 3, and perform secondary extrusion forming on the heated billet placed in the die.

[0029] Specifically, the two convex molds on the movable plate 6 are positioned and fixed to the movable plate 6 in an axial hole manner to ensure the stability of the connection.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, in order to realize the linear movement of the movable plate in the upper template to drive the first-station punch and the second-station punch to move to the corresponding stations, a movable groove is formed in the upper template, and the movable plate 6 is installed in the movable groove through a sliding track plate 17, and is respectively connected to the first movable plate push-pull mechanism 15 and the second movable plate push-pull mechanism 16 on both sides to realize linear reciprocating movement in the movable groove through the sliding track plate.

[0031] Specifically, the sliding track plate is installed in the moving groove of the upper template to carry the moving plate and serve as a track for the movement of the moving plate. The specific moving plate push-pull mechanism is preferably a moving plate push-pull cylinder. Of course, other linear drive mechanisms can also be used to achieve it.

[0032] The multi-station movable die base of the present invention is suitable for deep hole forgings of elastomeric bodies, and realizes the action cycle of two extrusion stations and three movable stations through mutual cooperation. The three movable stations are the first station extrusion station, the second station extrusion station and the pick-up and place station. Figure 3-5 As shown, the movable plate 6 is guided by the sliding guide plate 17 when moving left and right, and is driven to slide between the three movable stations respectively.

[0033] Specifically, the punch unit includes a positioning template, and the positioning template is installed on the upper end of the upper template. Furthermore, in order to realize the positioning and locking of the movable plate at the corresponding workstation after it is in place, a positioning key 10 that is driven to be vertically lifted and lowered is installed through the positioning key hole formed on the positioning template, and cooperates with the two positioning holes on the movable plate, so that when the movable plate moves to the first workstation or the second workstation, one of the positioning holes is inserted into the positioning hole to position and fix the movable plate, so as to correct the coaxiality of the upper and lower molds of the extrusion station.

[0034] By setting the positioning key 10, the mechanical positioning of the above three moving stations is realized. When the moving plate 6 moves horizontally, the positioning key 10 is hidden in the positioning template 8. When the moving plate 6 moves to the first extrusion station and the second extrusion station, the positioning key 10 is pushed by the driving mechanism and enters the corresponding key slot of the moving plate 6 to correct the middle position of the two punches, locate the extrusion station, and reduce the influence of the clearance of the sliding components on the coaxiality of the upper and lower molds.

[0035] Of course, in order to further enhance the motion control positioning, an induction signal positioning component can also be arranged to position the pick-up and placement station of the intermediate workpiece. The induction signal positioning component can be used to sense the position of the moving plate push-pull mechanism to control the movement of the moving plate push-pull mechanism to control the positioning of the pick-up and placement station.

[0036] Preferably, the positioning key is a conical positioning key connected to a positioning key driving mechanism, and the positioning key driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, or other linear driving mechanisms.

[0037] The male mold unit is precisely positioned with the upper mold plate, and the female mold unit is precisely positioned with the lower mold plate. The upper mold plate includes a guide sleeve, and the lower mold plate includes a guide column. The guide column cooperates with the guide sleeve to achieve the guiding and positioning functions when the male mold unit and the female mold unit move up and down relative to each other.

[0038] Further, the die unit includes a push rod 2 that is driven to move vertically up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into the bottom through hole of the die 3, so as to eject the forging formed in the die 3 after the extrusion process is completed. Specifically, the push rod 2 is connected to a linear drive mechanism, such as a push-out oil cylinder or a cylinder or other components or mechanisms and the like.

[0039] In the present invention, in order to facilitate unloading, the die unit further includes a unloading mechanism 13, which is installed above the die 3. The unloading mechanism includes two unloading plates 23 that are driven to move synchronously and whose opposite surfaces are arranged to form symmetrical arc-shaped openings, such as Figure 6-8 As shown, it includes a discharge pressure plate 24 and a discharge plate 25, a connecting rod mechanism, a discharge drive mechanism, and a signal detection component. The connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod 21, a second connecting rod 22 and a third connecting rod 23. The first connecting rod 21 is connected to the signal rod 20 and is hinged to the second connecting rod 22. The second connecting rod 22 is hinged to the third connecting rod 23. The third connecting rod 23 is hinged to the discharge plate 25. The signal rod is installed on the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 18 and is connected to the discharge drive mechanism 14 (hydraulic cylinder). A signal detection component 19 (induction switch) is provided on the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve. The discharge drive mechanism is fixed on the lower template. The signal detection component 19 is divided into two upper and lower detection switches a1 and a2, and the action signal is provided by the annular groove on the signal rod 19. As shown Figure 9-11 As shown, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is pushed out, the signal rod 19 is pushed out at the same time, the annular groove on the signal rod 19 moves upward, and the probe of the induction switch a1 is compressed, indicating that the unloading plate has been closed, the detection switch a1 is turned on, and the hydraulic cylinder stops moving. Figure 9-11 As shown, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retreats, the signal rod 19 retreats at the same time, the annular groove on the signal rod 19 moves downward, and the probe of the induction switch a2 is compressed, indicating that the unloading plate has been opened to the specified position, the induction switch a2 is turned on, and the hydraulic cylinder stops moving.

[0040] Among them, the surface of the unloading plate is formed with a through hole, and the role of cooperating with the unloading plate is to cooperate with the punch and the forging to separate during the extrusion process. The role of the connecting rod mechanism is to push and pull the unloading plate, increase the distance between the hydraulic cylinder and the high-temperature extrusion zone, and achieve the purpose of protecting the hydraulic cylinder. The role of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is to protect the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder heat insulation, cylinder rod guide, etc. The role of the signal detection component is to ensure that when the opening and closing of the unloading plate reaches the specified position, the hydraulic cylinder is depressurized in time to avoid damage to other components.

[0041] The unloading plate opens as Figure 9-11 At the middle unloading plate a1 position, put the blank into the die 3, and close the unloading plate as shown in Figure 9-11 In the middle induction switch a2 position, after the punch is pushed down to complete the forging extrusion, it is lifted up and the stripper plate blocks the extruded part. The punch is lifted up smoothly and the extruded part is blocked in the die. Figure 9-11 When the middle induction switch is in position a1, the ejector pin pushes the extruded part out of the die, and then the extruded part is taken out.

[0042] Assume that the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is not ejected as the initial position, and the unloading plate is in the open state at this position, as shown in the position of the induction switch a1 in Figure 11. At this time, the blank can freely enter and exit the die. The hydraulic cylinder piston rod is ejected, pushing the signal rod 19, the signal rod 19 pushes the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod pushes the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod. One end of the second connecting rod is fixed to the unloading plate, and this end can only rotate but not move, so the third connecting rod is pushed to move under the joint action of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the third connecting rod pushes the unloading plate to move in the closing direction.

[0043] The hydraulic cylinders on the left and right sides act simultaneously, and the two unloading plates close. At this time, the punch can move in and out freely, and the blank is confined in the die. The unloading pressure plate is fixed, and the unloading plate and the unloading pressure plate bear the draft force together during unloading. When the unloading plate completes the unloading action, it is necessary to open the unloading plate and take out the extruded part.

[0044] The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts, pulling the signal rod 19, the signal rod 19 pulls the first connecting rod, the first connecting rod pulls the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod. Under the joint action of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod moves the stripper plate in the opening direction. The left and right hydraulic cylinders act at the same time, the two stripper plates open, and the outer side of the stripper plate limits the opening position. At this time, the blank and the extruded part can freely enter and exit the die.

[0045] The unloading mechanism in the present invention can cooperate with the extrusion process to complete the separation of the extrusion punch and the extrusion part. The automatic opening and closing unloading mechanism realizes the opening and closing of the unloading plate through the connecting rod, and at the same time keeps the hydraulic cylinder away from the high-temperature extrusion environment, so as to achieve the purpose of unloading and protect the hydraulic cylinder. The mechanical and electrical signal coordination method is used to dually control the opening and closing position of the unloading plate and the start and stop of the hydraulic cylinder action, effectively controlling the stability of the unloading mechanism.

[0046] During unloading, the two unloading plates move in opposite directions and open synchronously so that the extruded part can be taken out from the die. During the extrusion process, the two unloading plates move relative to each other and close to reduce the opening between them so that the blank or workpiece is confined in the die and cannot be taken out. At this time, the two corresponding punches can move in and out.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the unloading drive mechanism is installed on the lower template 1, and the positional relationship between the upper template 7 and the positioning template 8 of the lower template 1 is ensured by the guide sleeve 11 and the guide column 12, and the gap between the guide column and the guide sleeve is about 0.2 mm on one side.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the die is a double-layer structure of an inner and outer shell, with a heating tube in the middle, which can preheat the blank to facilitate processing and prevent cooling from affecting processing.

[0049] Workflow:

[0050] The starting position of the mold: the upper template, the positioning template and the two punches are at the dead point position of the equipment. The two punches are on both sides of the die. The middle position is the pick-up and place station. The positioning key is in the moving plate, the unloading mechanism is opened, and the ejector is retracted. Heat the billet to 1180±20℃, and remove the oxide scale first after it comes out of the furnace. Put the billet into the die, and the unloading mechanism is closed. Push the plate to move to the fitting positioning surface A1 and reach the first extrusion station, that is, the position where the punch of the first station is coaxial with the die of the first station on the center line, and then push the middle positioning key into the keyway of the positioning template, correct the center position of the two punches on the moving plate, and the unloading mechanism is closed, and then the punch goes down to extrude the forging of the first station. After the extrusion is completed, the punch is lifted and the positioning key is reset. Move the moving plate to the positioning surface A2 position and reach the second extrusion station, and then push the positioning key into the keyway of the positioning template, correct the middle position of the punch, and then the punch goes down to extrude the forging of the second station. After the extrusion is completed, the punch is lifted. The cone positioning key is reset and the unloading mechanism is opened. The moving plate moves the punch to the pick-and-place station, the ejector cylinder ejects the extruded part in the die, and the second-station forging is taken out manually or by a robot; the ejector rod is retracted.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings, wherein the inner hole depth-to-diameter ratio of the projectile-type deep hole forgings is less than 3, characterized in that: include: A die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit; the punch unit includes a first-station punch and a second-station punch, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically parallel and spaced apart and installed on a movable plate that can be driven to move horizontally in an upper mold plate, and the die unit includes a die; driven by the movable plate, the first-station punch and the second-station punch move left and right in turn to corresponding stations to match with the die, and perform secondary extrusion forming on the heated blank placed in the die; The male mold unit includes a positioning template, the positioning template is installed at the upper end of the upper template, a positioning key that can be driven to rise and fall vertically is installed on the positioning template, the positioning key is located in a positioning key hole formed on the positioning template, and cooperates with two positioning holes on the movable plate, so that when the movable plate moves to the first station or the second station, it extends downward and is inserted into one of the positioning holes to position and fix the movable plate, so as to correct the coaxiality of the upper and lower molds of the station to be extruded; The die unit comprises a discharge mechanism, which is installed above the die and comprises two discharge plates which are driven to move synchronously and whose opposite surfaces are arranged to form symmetrical arc-shaped openings. When discharging, the two discharge plates move synchronously in opposite directions to open so that the extruded part can be taken out of the die, and during the extrusion process, the two discharge plates move relatively to close to reduce the opening between them so that the blank or workpiece is confined in the die and cannot be taken out; The unloading plate of the unloading mechanism is connected to the unloading drive mechanism through a connecting rod mechanism; the connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected to the signal rod and is hinged to the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged to the third connecting rod, the third connecting rod is hinged to the unloading plate, the signal rod is installed in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and connected to the unloading drive mechanism, and a signal detection component is provided on the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.

2. The multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A moving groove is formed in the upper template, and the moving plate is installed in the moving groove through a sliding track plate and is connected to the moving plate push-pull mechanism on both sides to achieve linear reciprocating movement in the moving groove through the sliding track plate.

3. The multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning key is a conical positioning key connected to a positioning key driving mechanism.

4. The multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The punch unit is precisely positioned with the upper mold plate, and the die unit is precisely positioned with the lower mold plate. The upper mold plate includes a guide sleeve, and the lower mold plate includes a guide column. The guide column cooperates with the guide sleeve to achieve the guiding and positioning functions when the punch unit and the die unit move up and down relative to each other.

5. The multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die unit comprises a push rod which is driven to move vertically up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into the bottom through hole of the die to eject the forging formed in the die after the extrusion process is completed.

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