Electrolytic chamber and electrolytic cell suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrolytic chamber suitable for liquid inlet at the bottom and the middle, wherein the electrolytic chamber is divided into an independent upper electrolytic chamber and a lower electrolytic chamber; a plurality of first liquid inlet holes are provided at the edge of the lower electrolytic chamber; a first oxygen outlet hole and a first hydrogen outlet hole are provided at the upper part of the lower electrolytic chamber; a plurality of second liquid inlet holes are provided at the lower part of the upper electrolytic chamber; a plurality of second oxygen outlet holes and a second hydrogen outlet hole are provided at the edge of the upper electrolytic chamber; and the electrolytic chamber is suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolytic chamber. An electrolytic cell adopts the electrolytic chamber suitable for liquid inlet at the bottom and the middle as mentioned above; and a plurality of electrolytic chambers are stacked and combined with each other. The electrolytic chamber is divided into two independent upper and lower electrolytic chambers, and the distance between the electrolyte inlet and the gas outlet is shortened, so that the electrolyte can efficiently transfer mass in the electrolytic chamber. The electrolytic cell is used to prepare gas (oxygen and hydrogen), which can increase the gas output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrolytic chamber and an electrolytic cell suitable for liquid inlet at the bottom and the middle. Background Art

[0002] The electrolytic cell is composed of a plurality of electrolytic chambers stacked together. An ion membrane is arranged in a single electrolytic chamber to divide the electrolytic chamber into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber. A cathode plate is arranged in the cathode chamber, and an anode plate is arranged in the anode chamber. The electrolyte enters the electrolytic chamber, and water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen produced in the anode chamber is output from the oxygen outlet, and the hydrogen produced in the cathode chamber is output from the hydrogen outlet.

[0003] To cite one patent, US4758322, discloses a known structure of an electrolyzer, the so-called filter-press structure. A large number of bipolar cells are stacked in series and arranged together between two end plates connected to each other by tie rods. Each of the bipolar cells comprises an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a diaphragm or a membrane. In turn, each cell is separated from the next by a conductive wall, the so-called bipolar plates having opposite polarities on both surfaces. The cell stack is held together by end plates connected to the ends of the anode (+) and cathode (-) forming the stack. The end plates are forced toward each other by tie rods, which are electrically insulated to avoid short circuiting the cells. Liquid electrolyte is added to the cell and the generated gas is collected from the cell.

[0004] The current electrolytic cell has the following problems: the electrolyte has a long flow path in the electrolytic chamber, and the electrolyte cannot be efficiently transferred. The reason is that when the electrolyte first enters the electrolytic chamber, the mass transfer efficiency is the highest, and the most hydrogen and oxygen can be produced. As the electrolyte flow distance increases, the gas electrolyzed through the electrode plate increases the gas partial pressure in the electrolyte, causing the gas on the electrode to diffuse to the electrolyte to decrease, and the diffusion rate or mass transfer rate is reduced, which is not conducive to the occurrence of the electrolytic reaction. The traditional circular electrolytic chamber has a diameter of 2-3 meters. The electrolyte enters from the bottom of the electrolytic chamber. As the electrolytic reaction progresses, the generated hydrogen, oxygen, and a mixture of gas and electrolyte are discharged from the top outlet channel. The path of the electrolyte in the electrolytic chamber is the length of the diameter of the electrolytic chamber. Because of the previous design of bottom input, top output, and the need for the electrolyte to cross the entire electrolytic chamber, the previous electrolytic cell (electrolytic chamber) cannot efficiently produce gas, affecting the output of gas (hydrogen and oxygen). Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electrolytic chamber and an electrolytic cell suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet, so as to solve the problem that the previous electrolyte circulation method is unreasonable, resulting in low electrolyte mass transfer efficiency, thereby affecting the preparation of gas in the electrolytic cell.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] An electrolysis chamber suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet,

[0008] The electrolysis chamber is divided into an independent upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber;

[0009] A plurality of first liquid inlet holes are provided at the edge of the lower electrolytic chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the lower electrolytic chamber;

[0010] The upper part of the lower electrolysis chamber is provided with a first oxygen outlet and a first hydrogen outlet, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber;

[0011] A plurality of second liquid inlet holes are provided at the lower part of the upper electrolysis chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the upper electrolysis chamber;

[0012] A plurality of second oxygen outlet holes and second hydrogen outlet holes are arranged at the edge of the upper electrolysis chamber, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber.

[0013] Further, including two spacer assemblies, an outer seal and an inner seal;

[0014] The spacer assembly includes an outer spacer, an inner spacer, an inner spacer plate and a side spacer plate, wherein the inner spacer plate is arranged inside the outer spacer to separate the outer spacer into an upper half hole and a lower half hole, and the side spacer plate is fixedly arranged outside the outer spacer;

[0015] The inner spacer is fixedly connected to the inner spacer plate, the upper half of the inner spacer is located in the upper half hole, and the lower half is located in the lower half hole;

[0016] Each first liquid inlet hole is opened at the lower half edge of the outer spacer, and the first oxygen outlet hole and the first hydrogen outlet hole are opened at the lower half of the inner spacer; each second liquid inlet hole is opened at the upper half of the inner spacer, and each second oxygen outlet hole and the second hydrogen outlet hole are opened at the upper half edge of the outer spacer;

[0017] Two outer spacers clamp the outer seal, two inner spacers clamp the inner seal to form an electrolysis chamber, and two inner partitions are sealed and fitted to form an upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber;

[0018] A plurality of first liquid inlet through holes are formed on the lower edge of the outer seal to connect with the first liquid inlet holes on the adjacent outer spacer; a plurality of first hydrogen through holes are formed on the lower edge of the inner seal to connect with the first hydrogen outlet holes of the adjacent inner spacer; and a plurality of first oxygen through holes are formed on the lower edge of the inner seal to connect with the first oxygen outlet holes of the adjacent inner spacer;

[0019] A second liquid inlet through hole is provided on the upper half of the inner seal to connect with the second liquid inlet hole on the adjacent inner spacer; a plurality of second hydrogen through holes are provided on the upper edge of the outer seal to connect with the second hydrogen outlet hole of the adjacent outer spacer; and a plurality of second oxygen through holes are provided to connect with the second oxygen outlet hole of the adjacent outer spacer.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner partition passes through the side partition and extends outward to form an outer partition.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner spacer includes an upper spacer block and a lower spacer block;

[0022] The inner seal comprises an inner upper seal and an inner lower seal.

[0023] In another aspect, an electrolytic cell adopts the electrolytic chamber suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet as described above;

[0024] Multiple electrolysis chambers are stacked and combined;

[0025] The first liquid inlet holes of each lower electrolytic chamber form a first liquid inlet channel, the first oxygen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a first oxygen output channel, and the first hydrogen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a first hydrogen output channel;

[0026] The second liquid inlet holes of each upper electrolysis chamber form a second liquid inlet channel, the second oxygen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a second oxygen output channel, and the second hydrogen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a second hydrogen output channel.

[0027] Furthermore, it is applied to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis.

[0028] Furthermore, it is applied to chlor-alkali electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0029] Further, it is applied to hydrogen fuel cells.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] Provided are an electrolysis chamber and an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolysis chamber is divided into two independent upper and lower electrolysis chambers, and the distance between the electrolyte inlet and the gas outlet is shortened, so that the electrolyte can efficiently transfer mass in the electrolysis chamber. The electrolytic cell is used to prepare gas (oxygen and hydrogen), which can increase the gas output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the electrolysis chamber of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the inner spacer, the outer spacer, and the inner partition of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of two inner spacers clamping the inner seal;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a half-section view of the hydrogen outlet at the edge of the upper electrolysis chamber;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0038] Among them, 1. outer spacer, 2. inner spacer, 31. outer seal, 32. inner seal, 4. side partition, 5. inner partition, 61. first liquid inlet, 62. first hydrogen outlet, 63. first oxygen outlet, 71. second liquid inlet, 72. second hydrogen outlet, 73. second oxygen outlet, 8. radial connecting port, 9. ion membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] An electrolysis chamber suitable for liquid inlet at the bottom and middle, the electrolysis chamber being divided into an independent upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber;

[0042] A plurality of first liquid inlet holes 61 are provided at the edge of the lower electrolytic chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the lower electrolytic chamber;

[0043] The upper part of the lower electrolysis chamber is provided with a first oxygen outlet 63 and a first hydrogen outlet 62, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber;

[0044] A plurality of second liquid inlet holes 71 are provided at the lower part of the upper electrolysis chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the upper electrolysis chamber;

[0045] A plurality of second oxygen outlet holes 73 and second hydrogen outlet holes 72 are provided at the edge of the upper electrolysis chamber, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the electrolytic chamber includes two spacer assemblies, an outer seal 31 and an inner seal 32; the spacer assembly includes an outer spacer 1, an inner spacer 2, an inner partition 5 and a side partition 4, the inner partition 5 is arranged in the outer spacer 1 to separate the outer spacer 1 into an upper half hole and a lower half hole, and the side partition 4 is fixedly arranged on the outside of the outer spacer 1;

[0047] The inner spacer 2 is fixedly connected to the inner spacer 5, the upper half of the inner spacer 2 is located in the upper half hole, and the lower half is located in the lower half hole;

[0048] Each first liquid inlet hole 61 is opened at the lower edge of the outer spacer 1, and the first oxygen outlet hole 63 and the first hydrogen outlet hole 62 are opened at the lower half of the inner spacer 2; each second liquid inlet hole 71 is opened at the upper half of the inner spacer 2, and each second oxygen outlet hole 73 and the second hydrogen outlet hole 72 are opened at the upper edge of the outer spacer 1;

[0049] Two outer spacers 1 clamp the outer seal 31, and two inner spacers 2 clamp the inner seal 32 to form an electrolysis chamber, and two inner partitions 5 are sealed and attached to form an upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber;

[0050] A plurality of first liquid inlet through holes are provided on the lower edge of the outer seal 31 to connect with the first liquid inlet hole 61 on the adjacent outer spacer 1; a plurality of first hydrogen through holes are provided on the lower edge of the inner seal 32 to connect with the first hydrogen outlet hole 62 of the adjacent inner spacer 2; and a plurality of first oxygen through holes are provided to connect with the first oxygen outlet hole 63 of the adjacent inner spacer 2.

[0051] A second liquid inlet through hole is formed on the upper half of the inner seal 32 to connect with the second liquid inlet hole 71 on the adjacent inner spacer 2; a plurality of second hydrogen through holes are formed on the upper edge of the outer seal 31 to connect with the second hydrogen outlet hole 72 of the adjacent outer spacer 1; and a plurality of second oxygen through holes are formed to connect with the second oxygen outlet hole 73 of the adjacent outer spacer 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inner partition 5 extends outward through the side partition 4 to form an outer partition. The outer partition can be used as the inner partition 5 of the adjacent electrolytic chamber when the electrolytic chambers are stacked and combined.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inner spacer 2 can be an integral part and fixed by passing through the inner partition 5, or the inner spacer 2 can be divided into an upper spacer block and a lower spacer block, the upper spacer block is the upper half mentioned above, and the lower spacer block is the lower half mentioned above, and then they are fixed on the inner partition 5 respectively. Correspondingly, the inner seal 32 can also be divided into a semicircular upper seal and a semicircular inner lower seal.

[0054] The internal structure of the electrolysis chamber of the present invention is the same as the structural principle of the existing electrolysis chamber;

[0055] In this embodiment, preferably, an ion membrane 9 is arranged inside the electrolysis chamber, and the ion membrane 9 is vertically arranged in the electrolysis chamber. The ion membrane 9 divides the electrolysis chamber into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber. A cathode plate is arranged in the cathode chamber, and an anode plate is arranged in the anode chamber. The anode chamber produces oxygen, and the produced oxygen (with some electrolyte) is discharged from the oxygen outlet, and the produced hydrogen (with some electrolyte) is discharged from the hydrogen outlet.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cathode plate and the anode plate are made of nickel wire mesh;

[0057] Preferably, a support frame and a support net are provided between the cathode plate and the partition for supporting the cathode plate, and a guide groove is provided on the support frame for guiding the electrolyte. Similarly, a support frame and a support net are provided between the anode plate and the partition, which are also suitable for supporting the anode plate and guiding the electrolyte.

[0058] A radial connecting port 8 is provided on one end wall of the first liquid inlet hole 61 at the lower edge of the outer spacer 1 and the second liquid inlet hole 71 at the upper half of the inner spacer 2, and the other side is an end plane, which can be sealed at the end face after being fitted together. The radial connecting port 8 is used to connect the electrolytic chamber, so as to input electrolyte into the electrolytic chamber; the outer spacer 1, the outer seal 31, and the outer spacer 1 are arranged in sequence, and the channels of the liquid inlet holes are successively liquid inlet holes, liquid inlet through holes, and liquid inlet holes, and after the outer spacer 1, the outer seal 31, and the outer spacer 1 are clamped, the liquid inlet holes and the through holes are kept sealed, and the electrolyte in the liquid inlet channel can only be input into the electrolytic chamber from the radial connecting port 8.

[0059] The structure of the oxygen outlet and the hydrogen outlet is the same as the structure of the liquid inlet connected to the electrolysis chamber by the radial connecting port 8. Figure 4 As shown, a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen outlet at the edge of the electrolytic chamber, an anode chamber is formed between the ion membrane 9 and the inner dense side partition 4 on the left, and a cathode chamber is formed between the ion membrane 9 and the inner dense side partition 4 on the right. A radial connecting port 8 is provided on the left side of the hydrogen outlet on the right outer spacer 1, and the right side is an end plane. The radial connecting port 8 can just connect to the cathode chamber on the right, and hydrogen (with part of the electrolyte) is input into the hydrogen outlet. At this time, the radial connecting port 8 on the left outer spacer 1 fails to connect to the anode chamber on the left, thereby avoiding oxygen from mixing into the hydrogen outlet. The oxygen in the anode chamber will be connected through the radial connecting port 8 of another oxygen outlet to be transported to the oxygen outlet.

[0060] In the electrolytic chamber of this embodiment, the electrolyte input from the first liquid inlet 61 flows from bottom to top in the lower electrolytic chamber. The distance the electrolyte flows in the entire lower electrolytic chamber is the radial distance, and the path is shortened by half. The oxygen and hydrogen generated by the reaction are discharged from the first oxygen outlet 63 and the first hydrogen outlet 62 of the inner spacer 2 respectively.

[0061] Similarly, electrolyte is input into the upper electrolytic chamber through the second liquid inlet hole 71, and the electrolyte also flows from bottom to top. The distance in which the electrolyte flows in the entire upper electrolytic chamber is the radial distance, and the path is shortened by half. The oxygen and hydrogen generated by the reaction are discharged from the second oxygen outlet hole 73 and the second hydrogen outlet hole 72 of the inner spacer ring 2 respectively.

[0062] The electrolysis chamber of the present invention is divided into two independent upper and lower electrolysis chambers, shortening the distance between the electrolyte inlet and the gas outlet, so that the electrolyte can be efficiently transferred in the electrolysis chamber. The electrolytic cell is used to prepare gas (oxygen and hydrogen), which can increase the gas output.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, an electrolytic cell adopts the electrolytic chamber suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet;

[0065] Multiple electrolysis chambers are stacked and combined;

[0066] The first liquid inlet holes 61 of each lower electrolytic chamber form a first liquid inlet channel;

[0067] The first oxygen outlet holes 63 are connected one by one to form a first oxygen output channel, and the first oxygen output channel is connected to the anode chamber of each lower electrolysis chamber; similarly, the first hydrogen outlet holes 62 are connected one by one to form a first hydrogen output channel, and the first hydrogen output channel is connected to the cathode chamber of each lower electrolysis chamber;

[0068] The second liquid inlet holes 71 of each upper electrolytic chamber form a second liquid inlet channel;

[0069] The second oxygen outlet holes 73 are connected one by one to form a second oxygen output channel, and the second oxygen outlet holes 73 are connected to the anode chamber of each upper electrolysis chamber;

[0070] The second hydrogen outlet holes 72 are connected one by one to form a second hydrogen output channel; the hydrogen output channel is connected to the cathode chamber of each upper electrolysis chamber;

[0071] The electrolyzer of this embodiment is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water. When producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, the electrolyte is input into the electrolysis chamber from the liquid inlet in the middle for reaction to separate hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen and part of the electrolyte are discharged from the hydrogen outlet. The mixture of hydrogen and electrolyte is separated by a gas-liquid separator, and the separated hydrogen is bottled for use; the oxygen and part of the electrolyte are discharged from the oxygen outlet. The mixture of oxygen and electrolyte is separated by a gas-liquid separator, and the separated oxygen is bottled for use.

[0072] The electrolytic cell of this embodiment is used for chlor-alkali electrolysis to produce hydrogen, and the corresponding oxygen is converted into chlorine.

[0073] The electrolyzer of this embodiment can also be applied to hydrogen fuel cells; when used as a hydrogen fuel cell, the operation process of the electrolyzer is opposite. When the electrolyzer is used as a hydrogen production tool, it consumes electricity to produce gas. When used as a hydrogen fuel cell, it consumes gas (hydrogen and oxygen) to generate electricity.

[0074] When the electrolyzer is used as a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen are input from the hydrogen output port and the oxygen output port, and the gas flows from the edge of the electrolysis chamber to the center, and the cathode rod and anode rod of the electrolyzer generate electrical output to form an electric current; in the electrolysis chamber, as the gas passes through the electrode surface, the gas concentration decreases, causing the diffusion gradient of the electrolyte to the electrode surface to become smaller, which is not conducive to mass transfer (the mass transfer rate slows down), which is not conducive to the occurrence of electrode reactions, and improves the power generation efficiency.

[0075] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electrolysis chamber suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet, characterized in that: The electrolysis chamber is divided into an independent upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber; A plurality of first liquid inlet holes are provided at the edge of the lower electrolytic chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the lower electrolytic chamber; The upper part of the lower electrolysis chamber is provided with a first oxygen outlet and a first hydrogen outlet, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber; A plurality of second liquid inlet holes are provided at the lower part of the upper electrolysis chamber, suitable for inputting electrolyte into the upper electrolysis chamber; A plurality of second oxygen outlet holes and second hydrogen outlet holes are provided at the edge of the upper electrolysis chamber, which are suitable for outputting the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the upper electrolysis chamber; include two spacer assemblies, an outer seal, and an inner seal; The spacer assembly includes an outer spacer, an inner spacer, an inner spacer plate and a side spacer plate, wherein the inner spacer plate is arranged inside the outer spacer to separate the outer spacer into an upper half hole and a lower half hole, and the side spacer plate is fixedly arranged outside the outer spacer; The inner spacer is fixedly connected to the inner spacer plate, the upper half of the inner spacer is located in the upper half hole, and the lower half is located in the lower half hole; Each first liquid inlet hole is opened at the lower half edge of the outer spacer, and the first oxygen outlet hole and the first hydrogen outlet hole are opened at the lower half of the inner spacer; each second liquid inlet hole is opened at the upper half of the inner spacer, and each second oxygen outlet hole and the second hydrogen outlet hole are opened at the upper half edge of the outer spacer; Two outer spacers clamp the outer seal, two inner spacers clamp the inner seal to form an electrolysis chamber, and two inner partitions are sealed and fitted to form an upper electrolysis chamber and a lower electrolysis chamber; A plurality of first liquid inlet through holes are formed on the lower edge of the outer seal to connect with the first liquid inlet holes on the adjacent outer spacer; a plurality of first hydrogen through holes are formed on the lower edge of the inner seal to connect with the first hydrogen outlet holes of the adjacent inner spacer; and a plurality of first oxygen through holes are formed on the lower edge of the inner seal to connect with the first oxygen outlet holes of the adjacent inner spacer; The upper half of the inner seal is provided with a second liquid inlet through hole to connect with the second liquid inlet hole on the adjacent inner spacer; the upper edge of the outer seal is provided with a plurality of second hydrogen through holes to connect with the second hydrogen outlet holes of the adjacent outer spacer; and a plurality of second oxygen through holes to connect with the second oxygen outlet holes of the adjacent outer spacer; The inner partition passes through the side partition and extends outward to form an outer partition; The inner spacer includes an upper spacer block and a lower spacer block; The inner seal comprises an inner upper seal and an inner lower seal.

2. An electrolytic cell, characterized in that: An electrolysis chamber suitable for bottom and middle liquid inlet as claimed in claim 1 is used; Multiple electrolysis chambers are stacked and combined; The first liquid inlet holes of each lower electrolytic chamber form a first liquid inlet channel, the first oxygen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a first oxygen output channel, and the first hydrogen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a first hydrogen output channel; The second liquid inlet holes of each upper electrolysis chamber form a second liquid inlet channel, the second oxygen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a second oxygen output channel, and the second hydrogen outlet holes are connected one by one to form a second hydrogen output channel.

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