Sprayer and method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker using the sprayer

Abstract

The invention discloses a sprayer and a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease by using the sprayer. The sprayer comprises a barrel, a liquid filling hole arranged on the barrel and a handle installed on the barrel for easy carrying. The sprayer is characterized by also comprising a quick-sealing plate, a safety valve, a pressure-increasing valve and a spraying valve installed on the barrel, wherein a spraying pipe is detachably connected to the quick-sealing plate. The invention improves the fertilization efficiency of biological bacteria mixed fertilizer by using the sprayer, and increases the viscosity of the biological bacteria by adding filler A, so that the biological bacteria has stronger adhesion on branches and trunks, is not easy to fall off, and is not easy to volatilize, thereby improving the utilization rate of the biological bacteria; by adding filler B, the water is effectively disinfected when the biological bacteria is mixed with water, and calcium carbonate has a bactericidal effect, thereby effectively preventing the invasion of other bacteria.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to the prevention and treatment of ulcer disease, and specifically to a sprayer and a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit ulcer disease using the sprayer. [Background technology]

[0002] There are many kinds of microorganisms in the soil, some of which have adverse effects on the growth and development of crops, while others have positive effects on the growth and development of crops. Researchers have separated and selected beneficial microorganisms from the soil through scientific methods, and after cultivation and reproduction, they have made biological agents. These biological agents are applied to agricultural production and can transform the difficult-to-use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil into fertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms that are easy for fruit trees to absorb. It can increase the yield and quality of fruit trees, improve the vigor of fruit trees, increase the disease resistance of plants, and improve the efficiency of agricultural production.

[0003] Kiwifruit canker is a bacterial disease caused by infection with the pathogenic variant of Pseudomonas syringae pv. kiwifruit. It can significantly reduce the yield and quality of kiwifruit. It is a devastating disease that threatens kiwifruit production management. The disease spreads quickly, is highly pathogenic, and is difficult to prevent and control. It can cause large-scale tree death in a short period of time, seriously affecting the development of kiwifruit in this area. When kiwifruit is in the dormant period, the canker bacteria begin to invade the plant through the plant's stomata, water holes, lenticels, wounds (insect wounds, frostbite, knife wounds), etc. This is the beginning of the disease. In spring, after the branch and trunk bleeding begins, the pathogens are latently incubated and proliferated in the host, which is the disease proliferation period. When kiwifruit sprouts and leaves, gum and rust water begin to flow from branches and other parts, and the disease peaks at this time. From the time of shoot withdrawal to the cessation of bleeding, the temperature rises and the disease begins to slow down. This is the slow development period of the disease. During the period from bud formation to flowering, the canker pathogen begins to infect the buds, the branches stop developing the disease, and the buds become damaged and develop the disease. This is the bud damage and disease period. If the weather is particularly humid and rainy at this time, gum flow may occur again at the wounds of the diseased plants. During the physiological fruit drop period, the branches begin to enter the withering period, and the canker pathogen stops infecting and harming. At present, biological fertilizers are widely used, but the application of liquid biological agents is inconvenient, resulting in low work efficiency, and the prevention and control effect of biological agents alone is not good. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for combining fertilization technology to clarify the use of biological fertilizers, which is still a blank.

[0004] In addition, in the prior art, after the biological agent is sprayed, the biological agent evaporates too quickly due to the high daytime temperature, especially during the period from May to September, when the biological agent evaporates faster, resulting in poor sterilization effect, causing kiwifruit canker disease and resulting in a decrease in yield. Therefore, the present invention proposes a sprayer and a method for preventing and controlling kiwifruit canker disease using the sprayer. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a sprayer and a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease using the sprayer, comprising a barrel, a liquid filling hole arranged on the barrel and a handle installed on the barrel for easy carrying; its characteristics also include a quick-sealing plate, a safety valve, a pressure valve and a spray valve installed on the barrel, a spray pipe is detachably connected to the quick-sealing plate, a guide groove connected to the spray pipe is arranged in the quick-sealing plate, a spray head with adjustable spray state is arranged on the spray pipe, and a sealing ring is arranged on the guide groove; a connecting pipeline is arranged between the quick-sealing plate and the spray valve, and the connecting pipeline is connected to the guide groove.

[0006] Preferably, the safety valve, pressure valve and spray valve installed on the cylinder body all include a base fixed on the cylinder body and a valve body fixed on the base.

[0007] Preferably, a guide rod and a valve core are provided in the valve body of the spray valve, and a through hole is provided at the bottom end of the valve body to facilitate the inflow of liquid; the valve core passes through the guide rod and slides with the guide rod, and the valve core is also connected to the base through a spring, and limit nuts are provided at both ends of the guide rod.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure boosting valve comprises a piston rod passing through a base and arranged in a valve body, the piston rod being provided with a limit block, a piston pad and a locking nut, the piston pad being detachably mounted on the piston rod via a locking nut, and a limit nut being also provided at the other end of the piston rod.

[0009] Preferably, a vent hole and a screw are provided on the base of the safety valve, a spring is provided on the screw, and a spherical valve core is provided on the spring.

[0010] Preferably, the cylinder body is provided with a recess, a protrusion and a guide column for easy connection with the quick-sealing plate, the quick-sealing plate is provided with a protrusion corresponding to the recess on the cylinder body, the protrusion is inserted into the recess, the protrusion forms a groove on the quick-sealing plate, the groove is adapted to the protrusion on the cylinder body, a sealing ring is provided between the protrusion and the groove; a sealing ring is also provided between the guide column on the cylinder body and the quick-sealing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a clamping plate is further provided on the cylinder, and a guide groove matched with the guide column is further provided on the clamping plate.

[0012] Preferably, the spray pipe is provided with a sealing ring pre-connected with the quick-sealing plate; the spray pipe is also provided with a tightening plate tightened with screws of the quick-sealing plate.

[0013] A method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker using a sprayer; characterized in that: comprising the following method;

[0014] a) From the time of fruit picking to the time of leaf fall, organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer for fertilization, and root irrigation is performed at the same time. Then, biological agents, filler A and water are added to the sprayer, and after fully mixing, the sprayer is used to spray the tree and the support frame supporting the tree, once every 5 to 6 days;

[0015] b) After the kiwifruit leaves fall, add biological agents, filler A, filler B and water to the mixing tank, stir thoroughly and evenly, then use a sprayer to spray the branches, trunks and crowns of the tree once, and then spray the trunk of the tree once to prevent the canker bacteria from invading the branches and vines from the fruit stalks and petiole scars; spray once every 10 to 15 days

[0016] c) During the winter pruning period, add biological agents, filler A, filler B and water into the mixing tank, stir them thoroughly after scraping off the peeling, and use a sprayer to spray the branches and trunks with scraped peeling and pruning wounds to prevent the invasion of ulcer bacteria;

[0017] d) In the budding stage, apply inorganic fertilizer 30cm from the root of the tree, spray foliar fertilizer at the same time, add biological bacteria agent, filler A and filler B and water into the sprayer, and spray the roots of the tree; after spraying the roots, add biological bacteria agent, filler A and water into the mixing tank, stir well and pour into the sprayer to spray the whole garden; spray once every 5 to 6 days.

[0018] e) In the early stage of fruit growth, inorganic fertilizer is applied, and biological bacteria agent, filler A and filler B are added to the mixing tank, mixed, and used for root irrigation after sufficient stirring;

[0019] f) During the fruit ripening period, inorganic fertilizers are applied outside the leaves. At the same time, biological bacteria agents, filler B and water are added to the sprayer and stirred thoroughly, and then sprayed on the main stem and branch stems to prevent the fruit from being invaded by ulcer bacteria during the ripening period.

[0020] Preferably, the filler A is any one of superfine starch, superfine corn flour, and superfine rice flour; the filler B is any one or more of a combination of superfine light calcium carbonate and disinfectant powder; the ratio of the filler A and filler B to water is 0.1-0.3:80-100, and the ratio of the biological agent to the filler A and filler B is 1:0.1-0.3. The ratio of the biological agent to water is 1:80-100.

[0021] The patent of the present invention improves the fertilization efficiency of the biological bacteria mixed fertilizer by adopting the sprayer, and at the same time increases the viscosity of the biological bacteria by adding filler A, so that the biological bacteria has stronger adhesion on the branches and trunks and is not easy to fall off and volatilize, thereby improving the utilization rate of the biological bacteria; by adding filler B, the water is effectively disinfected when it is mixed with water, and calcium carbonate has a bactericidal effect, thereby effectively preventing the invasion of other bacteria.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the sprayer;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sprayer;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the sprayer from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick sealing board;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at C in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sprinkler pipe;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the spray pipe structure during spraying. [Specific implementation method]

[0031] The present invention provides a sprayer and a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker using the sprayer, comprising a barrel 1, a liquid filling hole 101 arranged on the barrel 1, and a liquid filling hole 101 installed on the barrel 1. A handle 102 is provided on the cylinder body 1 for easy carrying; the characteristics also include a quick-sealing plate 2, a safety valve 3, a pressure-increasing valve 4 and a spray valve 5 installed on the cylinder body 1; a spray pipe 6 is detachably connected to the quick-sealing plate 2; a guide groove 201 connected to the spray pipe 6 is provided in the quick-sealing plate 2; a spray head 601 with adjustable spraying state is provided on the spray pipe 6; a sealing ring 202 is provided on the guide groove 201; a connecting pipe 7 is provided between the quick-sealing plate 2 and the spray valve 5, and the connecting pipe 7 is connected to the guide groove 201; the safety valve 3, the pressure-increasing valve 4 and the spray valve 5 installed on the cylinder body 1 all include a base 8 fixed on the cylinder body 1, and a valve body 9 fixed on the base 8; a guide rod 501 and a valve core 502 are provided in the valve body 9 of the spray valve 5, and a through hole 503 is provided at the bottom end of the valve body 9 for facilitating the inflow of liquid; the The valve core 502 passes through the guide rod 501 and slides with the guide rod 501. The valve core 502 is also connected to the base 8 through a spring. Both ends of the guide rod 501 are provided with a limit nut 504; the pressure valve 4 includes a piston rod 401 that passes through the base 8 and is arranged in the valve body 9. The piston rod 401 is provided with a limit block 402, a piston pad 403 and a locking nut 404. The piston pad 403 is detachably mounted on the piston rod 401 through the locking nut 404. The other end of the piston rod 401 is also provided with a limit nut 504; the base 8 of the safety valve 3 is provided with an exhaust hole 301 and a screw 302, the screw 302 is provided with a spring 303, and the spring 303 is provided with a spherical valve core 304; the cylinder 1 is provided with a concave platform 103 and a convex block 104 that are convenient for connecting with the quick sealing plate 2 and a guide column 105, a boss 202 corresponding to the recess 103 on the cylinder 1 is provided on the quick-sealing plate 2, the boss 202 is inserted into the recess 103, a groove 203 is formed on the boss 202 on the quick-sealing plate 2, the groove 203 is matched with the convex block 104 on the cylinder 1, and a sealing ring 10 is provided between the convex block 104 and the groove 203; a clamping plate 106 is also provided on the cylinder 1, and a guide groove 107 matched with the guide column 105 is also provided on the clamping plate 106; a sealing ring 10 is also provided between the guide column 201 on the cylinder 1 and the quick-sealing plate 2; a sealing ring 10 pre-connected with the quick-sealing plate 2 is provided on the spray pipe 6; a tightening plate 602 tightened by screws to the quick-sealing plate 2 is also provided on the spray pipe 6.

[0032] When the quick-sealing plate is installed on the cylinder body of the sprayer, the sealing ring on the quick-sealing plate is squeezed to make the quick-sealing plate enter the recessed platform through the guide column. When the convex platform on the quick-sealing plate is inserted into the recessed platform on the cylinder body and the convex block clamp is on the sealing ring between the groove, the quick-sealing plate is installed into the cylinder body; then the pressing plate is installed through the cooperation of the guide column and the guide groove, so as to prevent the quick-sealing plate from being ejected due to high pressure; a through hole is provided on the pressing plate for the spray pipe to pass through; the spray pipe passes through the through hole on the pressing plate and is preliminarily connected with the quick-sealing plate through the sealing ring, and then is tightened to connect with the quick-sealing plate through the reinforcing plate with screws; when in use, the mixed biological bacteria agent is poured into the cylinder body through the filling hole. Since the configured biological bacteria agent has a certain viscosity, there must be high pressure in the cylinder body to prevent it from being ejected due to high pressure. In order to spray and apply the biological agent, a pressure-increasing valve and a spray valve are arranged in the cylinder body. The cylinder body is pressurized by pushing the piston rod in the pressure-increasing valve body. When the pressure in the cylinder body can push the valve core of the spray valve to move upward and open, the cylinder body has high pressure at this time, so that the biological agent enters the connecting pipeline from the spray valve under the action of pressure and quickly enters the guide groove, and then sprays out through the spray head on the spray pipe; when the spray valve fails, in order to prevent the cylinder body from rupturing due to high pressure, a safety valve is arranged. When the pressure in the cylinder body is too high, the pressure prompts the valve core of the safety valve to open, and the pressure is discharged through the exhaust hole after the valve core opens; in the prevention and control process, the biological agent, filler A, filler B and water are added to the sprayer, and the filler A is any one of superfine starch, superfine corn flour and superfine rice flour; the filler B is any one of superfine light calcium carbonate and disinfectant powder.

[0033] From the time of fruit picking to the time of leaf fall, use organic fertilizer as base fertilizer for fertilization, and irrigate the roots once at the same time. Then add 50mL of biological agent, 10g of starch, and 100mL of water into the sprayer, stir well, and then use the sprayer to spray the tree and the support frame of the tree, once every 5 to 6 days;

[0034] After the kiwifruit leaves fall, add 200mL of biological agent, 20g of filler starch, 20g of ultrafine light calcium carbonate and 450mL of water to the mixing tank, stir well and spray once on the branches and crowns of the tree with a sprayer, and once on the trunk of the tree to prevent the canker bacteria from invading the branches and vines from the fruit petiole and petiole scars. Spray once every 10 to 15 days.

[0035] During the winter pruning period, add 300mL of biological bacteria agent, 50g of ultrafine starch, 90g of ultrafine light calcium carbonate and 600mL of water into the mixing tank, stir thoroughly after scraping off the peel, and use a sprayer to spray the branches and trunks with scraped peel and pruning wounds to prevent the invasion of ulcer bacteria;

[0036] In the budding stage, apply inorganic fertilizer 30cm from the root of the tree, spray foliar fertilizer at the same time, and add 100mL of biological bacteria, 10g of ultrafine starch, 10g of disinfectant powder and 150mL of water to the sprayer, and spray the roots of the tree; after the roots are sprayed, add 250mL of biological bacteria, 25g of ultrafine corn flour and 500mL of water to the mixing tank, stir well and pour into the sprayer to spray the whole garden; spray once every 5 to 6 days, for a total of 2 times;

[0037] In the early stage of fruit growth, inorganic fertilizer is applied, and 250 mL of biological agent, 75 g of superfine starch and 75 g of disinfectant powder are added to the mixing tank and mixed with 750 mL of water. After fully stirring, it is used for root irrigation.

[0038] During the fruit ripening period, apply inorganic fertilizer to the leaves. At the same time, add 100g of biological bacteria, 15g of disinfectant powder, 15g of ultrafine light calcium carbonate and 150mL of water into the sprayer, stir thoroughly, and spray on the main stem and branch stems to prevent the fruit from being invaded by ulcer bacteria during the ripening period. This cycle of prevention and control can effectively improve the prevention and control of ulcer bacteria.

[0039] In the present invention, the filler A added to the biological agent is an ultra-fine powder obtained by grinding plant fruits, so that when the whole orchard is sprayed, no side effects will be produced on branches, leaves and sprouts, and the viscosity of the biological agent is increased, and the adhesion of the mixed biological agent sprayed on the branches is increased, thereby avoiding the problem of poor sterilization effect and low utilization rate of the biological agent due to excessive volatilization of the biological agent after spraying;

[0040] In addition, the calcium carbonate powder and disinfectant powder used in filler B have the effect of sterilization and disinfection, so they are only used for spraying after the kiwifruit leaves fall and spraying on the branches during the winter pruning period, the early stage of fruit growth, and the fruit ripening period, in order to prevent damage to the leaves; the purpose of adding calcium carbonate is that calcium carbonate is mixed with water, starch and other substances to form viscous white lime water, which is sprayed on the branches to reflect the sunlight during the day and reduce the absorption of sunlight by the trees, effectively preventing the tree trunk from being easily frozen and cracked due to the large temperature difference between day and night from September of the current year to May of the next year, thereby effectively preventing the invasion of ulcer bacteria;

[0041] The use of the sprayer improves the fertilization efficiency of the biological microbial agent mixed fertilizer. At the same time, the viscosity of the biological microbial agent is increased by adding fillers A and fillers B, so that the biological microbial agent has stronger adhesion on branches and trunks, is not easy to fall off, and is not easy to volatilize, thereby improving the utilization rate of the biological microbial agent; and further, the invasion of other bacteria can be effectively prevented.

[0042] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sprayer, comprising a barrel, a liquid filling hole arranged on the barrel, and a handle installed on the barrel for easy carrying; It comprises a quick sealing plate, a safety valve, a pressure valve and a spray valve installed on the cylinder body, the quick sealing plate is detachably connected with a spray pipe, the quick sealing plate is provided with a guide groove connected with the spray pipe, the spray pipe is provided with a spray head with adjustable spray state, and the guide groove is provided with a sealing ring; a connecting pipeline is provided between the quick sealing plate and the spray valve, and the connecting pipeline is connected with the guide groove; the safety valve, pressure valve and spray valve installed on the cylinder body all comprise a base fixed on the cylinder body and a valve body fixed on the base; a guide rod and a valve core are provided in the valve body of the spray valve, and a through hole is provided at the bottom end of the valve body for facilitating the inflow of liquid; the valve core passes through the guide rod and slides with the guide rod, and the valve core is also connected to the base through a spring , both ends of the guide rod are provided with limit nuts; the pressure valve comprises a piston rod which passes through the base and is arranged in the valve body, the piston rod is provided with a limit block, a piston pad and a locking nut, the piston pad is detachably mounted on the piston rod through the locking nut, and the other end of the piston rod is also provided with a limit nut; the base of the safety valve is provided with an exhaust hole and a screw, the screw is provided with a spring, and the spring is provided with a spherical valve core; the cylinder body is provided with a concave platform, a convex block and a guide column which are convenient for connecting with the quick sealing plate, the quick sealing plate is provided with a convex platform corresponding to the concave platform on the cylinder body, the convex platform is inserted into the concave platform, the convex platform is formed with a groove on the quick sealing plate, the groove is adapted to the convex block on the cylinder body, and the convex block and the groove are connected A sealing ring is provided between the guide column and the quick-sealing plate on the cylinder; a sealing ring is also provided between the guide column and the quick-sealing plate on the cylinder; a clamping plate is also provided on the cylinder, and a guide groove adapted to the guide column is provided on the clamping plate; a sealing ring pre-connected with the quick-sealing plate is provided on the spray pipe; a tightening plate is also provided on the spray pipe to be tightened with screws of the quick-sealing plate; when the quick-sealing plate is installed on the cylinder, the sealing ring on the quick-sealing plate is squeezed so that the quick-sealing plate enters the concave platform through the guide column, and when the convex platform on the quick-sealing plate is inserted into the concave platform on the cylinder, and the convex block clamps on the sealing ring between the groove, the quick-sealing plate is installed into the cylinder; then the clamping plate is installed into the cylinder through the cooperation of the guide column and the guide groove, so as to prevent the quick-sealing plate from being ejected due to high pressure; a clamping plate is provided on the clamping plate to facilitate the spray pipe The spray pipe passes through the through hole on the clamping plate and is preliminarily connected to the quick sealing plate through a sealing ring, and then is tightened and connected to the quick sealing plate through a screw through the clamping plate; when in use, the mixed biological bacteria agent is poured into the cylinder through the filling hole. Since the configured biological bacteria agent has a certain viscosity, the cylinder must have a high pressure to spray and apply the biological bacteria agent. Therefore, a pressure-boosting valve and a spray valve are arranged in the cylinder. The cylinder is pressurized by pushing the piston rod in the valve body of the pressure-boosting valve. When the pressure in the cylinder can push the valve core of the spray valve to move upward and open, the cylinder has high pressure at this time, so that the biological bacteria agent enters the connecting pipeline from the spray valve under the action of pressure and quickly enters the guide groove, and then is sprayed out through the spray head on the spray pipe.

2. A method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker using the sprayer described in claim 1; characterized in that : It includes the following stages; a) From the time of fruit picking to the time of leaf fall, use organic fertilizer as base fertilizer for fertilization, irrigate the roots once, then add biological agents, filler A and water into the sprayer, stir thoroughly and use the sprayer to spray the tree and the support frame, once every 5 to 6 days; b) After the kiwifruit leaves fall, add the biological agent, filler A, filler B and water to the mixing tank, stir thoroughly and evenly, then use a sprayer to spray once on the branches and crowns of the tree, and once on the trunk of the tree to prevent the canker bacteria from invading the branches and vines from the fruit stalks and petiole scars; spray once every 10 to 15 days; c) During the winter pruning period, add biological agents, filler A, filler B and water to the mixing tank, stir thoroughly after scraping off the peeling, and use a sprayer to spray the branches and trunks with scraped peeling and pruning wounds to prevent the invasion of ulcer bacteria; d) In the budding stage, apply inorganic fertilizer 30cm from the root of the tree, spray foliar fertilizer at the same time, add biological bacteria, filler A and filler B and water into the sprayer, and spray the roots of the tree; after spraying the roots, add biological bacteria, filler A and water into the mixing tank, stir well and pour into the sprayer to spray the whole garden; spray once every 5 to 6 days. e) In the early stage of fruit growth, apply inorganic fertilizers, add biological agents, filler A and filler B into the mixing tank, mix them, stir them thoroughly, and then use them for root irrigation; f) During the fruit ripening period, inorganic fertilizer is applied externally to the leaves, and biological agents, filler B and water are added to the sprayer and stirred thoroughly before being sprayed on the main stem and branch stems to prevent the fruit from being invaded by ulcer bacteria during the ripening period; the filler A in the above method is any one of ultrafine corn flour and ultrafine rice flour; the filler B is any one or more of ultrafine light calcium carbonate and disinfectant powder; thus, when the orchard is sprayed as a whole, no side effects will be produced on branches, leaves and sprouts, and the viscosity of the biological agent is increased, and the adhesion of the mixed biological agent sprayed on the branches is increased, thereby avoiding the problem of poor bactericidal effect and low utilization rate of the biological agent due to excessive volatilization of the biological agent after spraying.

3. The method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker according to claim 2; characterized in that The ratio of the biological agent to filler A and filler B is 1:0.1-0.3; the ratio of the biological agent to water is 1:1.5-3.

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