Fruit sorting device

Abstract

The present invention provides a fruit sorting device, comprising a feeding device, a conveying device, a detecting device, a collecting device and a control cabinet. The feeding device comprises a first mounting frame with a trapezoidal material channel, a material box, a feeding roller shaft, a feeding belt, a pushing plate, a first recovery frame, a material receiving box, a second recovery frame, a material outlet, a first spring, a vertical plate and a return roller. A material box corresponding to the material channel is mounted on one side of the first mounting frame, a triangularly distributed feeding roller shaft is arranged in the first mounting frame, the feeding roller shafts are connected by a feeding belt corresponding to the material channel, a hinged pushing plate is arranged on the feeding belt, an inclined first recovery frame is arranged on one side of the first mounting frame, a material receiving box communicated with the material channel is arranged on the other side of the first mounting frame, a second recovery frame communicated with the material channel is arranged on one side of the material receiving box, and the lower part of the second recovery frame is communicated with the lower part of the first recovery frame and is located below the feeding roller shaft on the lower side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit sorting devices, in particular to a fruit sorting device. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major fruit producer and consumer. At present, the annual fruit output has exceeded 100 million tons, ranking first in the world. With the deepening of rural economic system reform and the development of market economy, fruit output will increase significantly year by year. At present, before fruits enter the market, fruit processing and packaging companies usually test and grade the external quality of fruits, such as size, shape, color and surface defects.

[0003] Traditional fruit inspection and grading generally adopts manual screening, which requires a large number of workers, has low work efficiency, and the screening results vary greatly from subjective judgment, resulting in inaccurate grading results. In addition, it is impossible to classify fruits according to their sugar content, which cannot meet the needs of use. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately inspect and grade fruits has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] At present, in the field of fruit inspection and grading research, the sugar content of fruits can be measured by spectral imaging, and the appearance and size of fruits can be measured by image acquisition. However, in actual production applications, they need to be inspected one by one, and the requirements for their loading process and movement posture during the inspection process are high. If the above requirements cannot be met, the processing speed will be very slow, resulting in low inspection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a fruit sorting device, which is used to solve the problems of troublesome material loading and poor stability during feature extraction, and achieves the beneficial effects of quickly extracting features and performing classification.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fruit sorting device comprises a feeding device, a conveying device, a detection device, a collecting device and a control cabinet, wherein the feeding device comprises a first mounting frame with a trapezoidal material channel, a material box, a feeding roller shaft, a feeding belt, a push plate, a first recovery frame, a material receiving box, a second recovery frame, a material outlet, a first spring, a vertical plate and a return roller, a material box corresponding to the material channel is installed on one side of the first mounting frame, a feeding roller shaft distributed in a triangular manner is arranged in the first mounting frame, the feeding roller shafts are connected by a feeding belt corresponding to the material channel, a hinged push plate is arranged on the feeding belt, and the first One side of the mounting frame is provided with an inclined first recovery frame, and the other side of the first mounting frame is provided with a material receiving box communicated with the material channel, and one side of the material receiving box is provided with a second recovery frame communicated with the first recovery frame, and the lower part of the second recovery frame is communicated with the lower part of the first recovery frame and is located below the feeding roller shaft on the lower side, and the end of the material channel close to the material receiving box is a discharge port, and the inner wall of the discharge port is provided with a vertical plate through a first spring, and the first mounting frame is provided with a return roller matched with the vertical plate, and the feeding roller shaft and the return roller are respectively connected to an external power source and a control cabinet; one end of the conveying device is located in the first mounting frame,

[0008] The conveying device includes a second mounting frame, a chain, a sprocket, a accommodating mechanism, a rack and a gear. The second mounting frame is provided with a sprocket, the sprocket is connected to an external power source, a chain matching the sprocket is provided on the outer periphery of the sprocket, the accommodating mechanism is installed on the chain, a rack is provided on one side of the second mounting frame, one end of the rack is an inclined structure, the accommodating mechanism includes a mounting member, a second spring and a bearing member for accommodating fruits, the mounting member is installed with the bearing member through the second spring, a gear for rotating fruits is installed on the bearing member, and the gear is meshed with the rack;

[0009] The detection device is a spectrum acquisition device and an image acquisition device, which are arranged on the second mounting frame; the collection device includes a classification box, a tilting mechanism, a recovery cover and a reset table, the classification box is arranged on the front side of the second mounting frame, and the other side of the second mounting frame is equipped with a tilting mechanism for tilting the fruit, the tilting mechanism corresponds to the classification box, the tilting mechanism is connected to the control cabinet, the recovery cover is located at one end of the second mounting frame, and a reset table for resetting the accommodating mechanism is provided on the side of the recovery cover close to the classification box.

[0010] Furthermore, the tilting mechanism includes a base plate, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet and a spring rod. The base plate is installed on the second mounting frame, and an electromagnet is provided on the base plate. The electromagnet is connected to the control cabinet. A spring rod is provided at one end of the base plate and rotates relative to it. A permanent magnet matching the electromagnet is provided on one side of the spring rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the first recovery rack includes side plates, connecting rods and balls. The balls are installed between two parallel side plates through the connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the ball bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is an elastic part.

[0012] Furthermore, a flexible bearing plate is provided between the discharge port and the chain, one side of the bearing plate corresponds to the position of the discharge port, and the other side thereof is higher than the accommodating mechanism on the conveying device.

[0013] Furthermore, the vertical plate is a C-shaped structure and the open end is made of elastic material, an embedded return roller is provided on the inner wall of the material channel, a motor for driving the return roller is provided on the first mounting frame, and the side of the return roller away from the material channel can pass through the vertical plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the inside of the material receiving box is a slope, and the position where it communicates with the second recovery rack is the lowest point in the material receiving box.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting member is a column, the bearing member is a support rod, the column that can be inclined toward the classification box is hingedly installed on the chain, the upper part of the column is sequentially provided with a support rod for placing fruits and a gear meshing with the rack, the middle part of the column is connected to its upper bearing, and the lower part of the column is connected to its middle part through a second spring f.

[0016] Further, in a replaceable solution, the mounting parts are a support rod, a support frame and a fixed rod, the bearing member is a roller, the support rod is installed on the chain, a fixed rod that can be tilted and rotated relative to the support rod is mounted on the upper part of the support rod, a support frame is provided on the upper side of the fixed rod, a roller that can move downward is installed in the support frame through a second spring f, and a gear is provided on the outside of the roller.

[0017] Furthermore, a through groove is provided in the support frame, a wheel axle is installed in the through groove through a second spring, a roller is installed on a bearing on the wheel axle, and a gear is provided on the outer side of the roller.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of storage areas are provided in the classification box, and the depth of one side of the classification box close to the second mounting frame is smaller than the depth of the other side thereof.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] The invention has a reasonable structural design, solves the problems of troublesome loading and poor stability when extracting features, realizes the effects of horizontal movement, self-rotation and single-row transportation of fruits, ensures the accuracy of extracted information, and effectively improves the accuracy of classification results; loading, transportation and classification are automated, overcomes the problem of excessive manual labor in traditional detection, reduces use costs, improves detection efficiency, and meets the needs of large-scale commercial processing of fruits after harvest.

[0021] The structure of the feeding device is reasonably designed. The coordinated use of the material box, feeding belt and push plate enables the fruits to be transported individually. The receiving box is used in conjunction with the recovery rack to automatically recover the fallen fruits and put them into the material channel again, replacing the manual picking operation. The spring and the vertical plate adjust the diameter of the discharge port to ensure that the fruits are in the center position when leaving, so as to improve the accuracy of subsequent operations. A return roller is provided, and its speed is greater than that of the feeding belt. When the discharge port is crowded with fruits, the fruits away from the discharge port will be moved in the opposite direction, so as to smoothly transfer the fruits close to the discharge port, ensuring smooth use and improving work efficiency.

[0022] The structure of the receiving box of the present invention facilitates the movement of fruits under the action of their own weight, and the balls can reduce the resistance encountered by the fruits when moving in the recovery rack, making it easy to move. The connecting rod changes the position of the balls according to the size of the fruits, so that there is enough space in the recovery rack for transporting the fruits, thereby improving practicality and avoiding damage to the surface of the fruits.

[0023] The structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, and the linear transmission and self-rotation structure of the fruit are integrated together, which facilitates the detection of the image device; the accommodating mechanism with the gear moves along the rack, and the meshing effect is good, which replaces the traditional method of using friction to rotate, and effectively solves the problem that the fruit cannot rotate due to friction damage, and meets the purpose of the image acquisition system to collect full-surface image information of the tested fruit, ensuring that the detection result is more accurate; when not in use, the roller moves upward and separates from the rack, avoiding unnecessary loss and extending the service life.

[0024] The present invention realizes the stable operation of fruits on the containing mechanism, and the connection mode between the containing mechanism and the chain can realize the unloading of fruits, which is convenient to use; the rack installation mode is detachable, which is convenient for adjusting the use mode of the overall equipment to meet more use requirements. The roller / gear will tilt downward and contact other parts without support, which may cause operation failure. The auxiliary guide rail can prevent this phenomenon from happening, ensure the cleanliness of the roller / support rod, and avoid the fruit from being dirty during transfer and affecting the detection results.

[0025] The present invention drives the accommodating mechanism to move by a chain, and cooperates with a column, a gear and a rack to make the upper part of the column rotate horizontally, and the fruit does not rotate relative to the accommodating mechanism, thereby reducing the loss of the fruit due to collision, and the transmission process is stable, the image quality is improved, and it is beneficial to the rapid detection of the fruit.

[0026] The present invention is also provided with a containing mechanism with rollers, which moves downward under the action of the fruit's own gravity, so that the rack and the gear are in good contact, ensuring that the fruit can rotate in the vertical direction, has strong stability in use, and is conducive to extracting the appearance characteristics of the fruit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A top view of

[0031] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the tipping mechanism;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a top view of the feeding device;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding device. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A top view of

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding device. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a top view of the conveyor;

[0037] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of the accommodation mechanism in the first embodiment;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the accommodation mechanism in the second embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the accommodation mechanism in the second embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Fig.13 yes Fig.11 Partial enlarged view of Ⅰ;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the accommodation mechanism and the auxiliary guide rail in the second embodiment.

[0042] In the figure, 1. feeding device; a. first mounting frame; 101. side plate; 102. connecting rod; 103. ball bearing; 11. material channel; 12. material box; 13. feeding roller; 14. feeding belt; 15. push plate; c. first recovery frame; 16. receiving box; d. second recovery frame; 17. discharge port; e. first spring; 18. vertical plate; 19. return roller; 2. conveying device; b. second mounting frame; 21. sprocket; 22. chain; 23. accommodating mechanism; 24. rack; 25. gear; 3. detection device ; 31. Image acquisition device; 32. Spectral acquisition device; 4. Collecting device; 41. Classification box; 42. Tipping mechanism; 420. Bottom plate; 421. Electromagnet; 422. Permanent magnet; 423. Spring rod; 43. Recovery cover; 44. Reset table; 5. Control cabinet; 6. Load-bearing plate; 71. Column; 72. Support rod; 81. Support rod; 82. Fixed rod; 83. Support frame; 84. Roller; 85. Guard plate; 86. Through groove; f. Second spring; 87. Wheel axle; g. First limit plate; h. Second limit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A fruit sorting device, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a feeding device 1, a conveying device 2, a detection device 3, a collecting device 4 and a control cabinet 5. The feeding device 1 is used to transfer the fruit to the conveying device 2, and the transfer state is single-row, which is convenient for the detection device 3 to perform detection. The control cabinet 5 uses the collecting device 4 to grade the appearance, size and sugar content of the fruit.

[0046] like Figure 5-Figure 8As shown, the feeding device 1 includes a first mounting frame a with a trapezoidal material channel 11, a material box 12, a feeding roller 13, a feeding belt 14, a push plate 15, a first recovery frame c, a material receiving box 16, a second recovery frame d, a material outlet 17, a first spring e, a vertical plate 18 and a return roller 19. The material box 12 corresponding to the material channel 11 is installed on one side of the first mounting frame a, and the fruit in the material box 12 falls under the action of its own weight; the first mounting frame a is provided with a triangularly distributed feeding roller 13, and the feeding rollers 13 are connected by corresponding to the material channel 11. The feeding belt 14 is connected to the feeding roller 13, which is connected to an external power source to drive the feeding belt 14 to work. The height position of the material box 12 can be adjusted to ensure that the distance between it and the feeding belt 14 is convenient for the passage of fruits. A hinged push plate 15 is provided on the feeding belt 14, and the push plate 15 is configured to be embedded. When the feeding belt 14 is located at the material channel 11 and there is no fruit, the push plate 15 is in a horizontal state. When the feeding belt 14 is located at the recovery rack, the push plate 15 remains in a vertical state under the action of gravity, that is, it is separated from the feeding belt 14.

[0047] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, an inclined first recovery rack c is provided on one side of the first mounting rack a, and a material receiving box 16 communicating with the material channel 11 is provided on the other side of the first mounting rack a, and a second recovery rack d communicating with the material receiving box 16 is provided on one side of the material receiving box 16, and the material receiving box 16 plays a role of turnover, and the fruits that fail to fall accurately on the conveying device 2 are circulated to the second recovery rack c; the lower part of the second recovery rack d is communicated with the lower part of the first recovery rack c and is located below the lower loading roller 13, that is, the fruit falls below the lower loading roller 13, and the movement of the loading belt 14 drives the push plate 15 to move, and the push plate 15 in the vertical state cannot rotate counterclockwise due to the installation method, so it presses against the fruit under the movement of the loading belt 14 and moves it along the first recovery rack c to the material channel 11.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, one end of the material channel 11 close to the receiving box 16 is a discharge port 17. After the fruits become single-line, they move from the discharge port to the conveyor 2; the inner wall of the discharge port 17 is provided with a vertical plate 18 through a first spring e, and this structure can ensure that the fruits are accurately matched with the conveyor 2 when they are transferred; the first mounting frame a is provided with a return roller 19 matched with the vertical plate 18, and the return roller 19 can solve the problem that the fruits are blocked at the discharge port 17 and cannot continue to work. The return roller 19 is respectively connected to the external power source and the control cabinet 5, and the rotation direction of the return roller 19 is opposite to the moving direction of the feeding belt 14, and the speed of the return roller 19 is greater than the speed of the feeding belt 14, thereby achieving the removal of the blocked fruits.

[0049] like Figure 9-11As shown, one end of the conveying device 2 is located in the first mounting frame a and is lower than the discharge port 17, so as to receive the fruits transferred by the feeding device 1; the conveying device 2 includes a second mounting frame b, a chain 22, a sprocket 21, a receiving mechanism 23, a rack 24 and a gear 25, a sprocket 21 is provided in the second mounting frame b, the sprocket 21 is connected to an external power source, a chain 22 matched with the sprocket 21 is provided on the periphery of the sprocket 21, a receiving mechanism 23 is installed on the chain 22, the sprocket 21 drives the chain 22 to work, and then the receiving mechanism 23 moves to transport the fruits; the second A rack 24 is provided on one side of the mounting frame b, and one end of the rack 24 is an inclined structure to facilitate the movement of the accommodating mechanism 23; the accommodating mechanism 23 includes a mounting member, a second spring f and a bearing member for accommodating fruits, the mounting member is installed with the bearing member through the second spring f, the second spring f can change the use state of the gear 25, and a gear 25 for rotating fruits is installed on the bearing member, the gear 25 is meshed with the rack 24, and the gear 25 rotates after meshing with the rack 24 under the movement of the chain 22, that is, the accommodating mechanism 23 carrying fruits rotates, so that the detection device 3 can perform detection.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the detection device 3 is a spectrum acquisition device 32 and an image acquisition device 31, and the spectrum acquisition device 32 and the image acquisition device 31 are arranged on the second mounting frame b; when the fruit moves to the position of the image acquisition device 31, the surface of the fruit in different rolling states is photographed by a linear array camera, and the photographed surface image is uploaded to the control cabinet 5, and then the control cabinet 5 performs image processing and classification; when the fruit moves to the position of the spectrum acquisition device 32, the spectrometer collects the spectrum after absorption and reflection by the complete fruit, transmits the spectrum signal to the control cabinet 5 for analysis and processing, calculates the sugar content inside the fruit, and classifies the result in combination with the result of the image acquisition device 31.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the collecting device 4 includes a classification box 41, a tilting mechanism 42, a recovery cover 43 and a reset platform 44. The classification box 41 is arranged at the front side of the second mounting frame b, and is used to receive the graded fruits and separate them from each other; the other side of the second mounting frame b is installed with a tilting mechanism 42 for tilting the fruits, and the tilting mechanism 42 corresponds to the classification box 41. The tilting mechanism 42 is connected to the control cabinet 5 to collect the fruits; the recovery cover 43 is located at one end of the second mounting frame b, and a reset platform 44 is provided on the side of the recovery cover 43 close to the classification box 41 to reset the accommodating mechanism 23. The tilted accommodating mechanism 23 falls in the direction away from the classification box 41 after passing through the reset platform 44.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, the tilting mechanism 42 includes a base plate 420, an electromagnet 421, a permanent magnet 422 and a spring rod 423. The base plate 420 is installed on the second mounting frame b. The base plate 420 is provided with an electromagnet 421, which is connected to the control cabinet 5. Whether the electromagnet 421 is energized determines whether the accommodating mechanism 23 is tilted; one end of the base plate 420 is provided with a spring rod 423 that rotates relative to it, and one side of the spring rod 423 is provided with a permanent magnet 422 that matches the electromagnet 421. The magnetic pole of the electromagnet 421 after being instantly energized is the same as that of the permanent magnet 422. The spring rod 423 is moved upward according to the principle that like poles repel each other.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the first recovery rack c comprises a side plate 101, a connecting rod 102 and a ball 103. The ball 103 is installed between two parallel side plates 101 through the connecting rod 102. One end of the connecting rod 102 is connected to the bearing of the ball 103, and the other end of the connecting rod 102 is an elastic part. The ball 103 can reduce the resistance of the fruit when it moves in the recovery rack, making it easy to move. The connecting rod 102 changes the position of the ball 103 according to the size of the fruit, so that there is enough space in the recovery rack to transport the fruit, improving practicality while avoiding damage to the surface of the fruit.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the vertical plate 18 is a C-shaped structure and the open end is made of elastic material. An embedded return roller 19 is provided on the inner wall of the material channel 11. A motor for driving the return roller 19 is provided on the first mounting frame a. The return roller 19 can pass through the vertical plate 18 on the side away from the material channel 11. The speed of the return roller 19 is greater than that of the feeding belt 14. When the discharge port 17 is crowded with fruits, the fruits away from the discharge port 17 are moved in the opposite direction so as to smoothly transfer the fruits close to the discharge port 17, thereby ensuring smooth use and improving work efficiency.

[0055] like Fig.10 As shown, the mounting member is a column 71, and the bearing member is a supporting rod 72. The column 71 which can be inclined toward the classification box 41 is hingedly mounted on the chain 22. This structure facilitates the tipping mechanism 42 to store the graded fruits; the upper part of the column 71 is sequentially provided with a supporting rod 72 for placing fruits and a gear 25 meshing with the rack 24. The upper part of the column 71 can rotate relative to the middle part thereof, so as to realize the horizontal rotation of the fruits; the lower part of the column 71 is connected to the middle part thereof by a second spring f, that is, when there is fruit in the supporting rod 72, under its own weight, the supporting rod 72 and the gear 25 move downward so that the gear 25 meshes with the rack 24.

[0056] When in use, the fruits are poured into the material box 12. The lower opening of the material box 12 is smaller than the upper opening thereof, so that the fruits can be dropped individually; the fruits fall onto the feeding belt 14 under their own weight, and the feeding roller shaft 13 drives the feeding belt 14 to move under the action of the power source, and the feeding belt 14 drives the fruits to move along the material channel 11 toward the discharge port 17. When the fruits that fell first are moved away, another fruit falls between the material box 12 and the feeding belt 14, and the cycle continues.

[0057] The middle position of the two vertical plates 18 corresponds to the accommodating mechanism 23 of the conveying device 2. When the fruit is transferred to the discharge port 17, the vertical plate 18 corrects the position of the fruit to ensure that the fruit can fall into the accommodating mechanism 23. When the fruit is large in size, the feeding belt 14 drives the fruit to move so that the vertical plate is squeezed and the first spring e is compressed. The fruit can pass through the discharge port 17 and the accuracy of the moving path can be guaranteed.

[0058] The return roller 19 is always in working condition. When the fruit is blocked at the discharge port 17, the vertical plate 18 is squeezed, that is, the return roller 19 passes through the vertical plate 18 and contacts the fruit. The rotation direction of the return roller 19 is opposite to the moving direction of the feeding belt 14, and the speed of the return roller 19 is greater than the speed of the feeding belt 14, so as to move the fruit away. A contact sensor can also be provided. After the contact sensor detects that the vertical plate 18 is squeezed by the congested fruit, the return roller 19 is started.

[0059] When the fruit leaving the discharge port 17 fails to enter the accommodating mechanism 23, as the accommodating mechanism 23 moves, the fruit will fall into the receiving box 16 and roll into the second recovery rack d under its own weight. The fruit enters the lower part of the feeding roller shaft 13 from the second recovery rack d. When the feeding belt 14 moves to this position, the push plate 15 is in a vertical state. The feeding belt 14 continues to move, and the push plate 15 holds one side of the fruit and moves it upward along the first recovery rack c, and moves to the material channel 11 to continue to be transferred.

[0060] The image acquisition device 31 is arranged on one side of the conveying device 2 in the horizontal direction. When the fruit moves into the supporting rod 72, the middle part of the column 71 moves toward the lower part thereof under the action of the dead weight of the fruit, so that the gear 25 is meshed with the rack 24. As the chain 22 drives the column 71 to move, the movement of the column 71 drives the gear 25 to rotate along the rack 24, that is, the fruit is rotated in the horizontal direction so that the image acquisition device 31 can collect the fruit. When there is no fruit, the second spring f pushes the supporting rod 72 and the upper middle part of the column 71 upward, so that the gear 25 is separated from the rack 24, that is, when there is no fruit in the supporting rod 72, the accommodating mechanism 23 does not rotate, thereby avoiding unnecessary loss caused by the long-term meshing rotation of the gear 25 and the rack 24, thereby improving the service life.

[0061] When the fruit moves to the spectrum collection device 32, the gear 25 is no longer meshed with the rack 24, and the fruit moves horizontally and linearly under the action of the chain 22, which is convenient for the spectrum collection device 32 to collect information, and then transmits the spectrum signal to the control cabinet 5. The control cabinet 5 controls the corresponding tipping mechanism 42 to work after analysis and processing. When the chain 22 transfers the fruit to the corresponding classification box 41, the control cabinet 5 controls the electromagnet 421 to be energized, and the magnetic pole of the electromagnet 421 after being energized is aligned with the permanent magnet 4 22 is the same. According to the principle that like poles repel each other, the electromagnet 421 is instantly energized to move the spring rod 423 upward. The spring rod 423 moves to move one side of the gear 25 upward, and the lower part of the column 71 is hingedly connected to the chain 22, so the gear 25 tilts to one side, thereby unloading the fruit from the supporting rod 72 into the classification box 41; after use, the electromagnet 421 is powered off, and the spring rod 423 falls back under the action of its own weight. When the gear 25 passes through the reset platform 44, the reset platform 44 resets the gear 25 for the next use.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on Example 1, alternative solutions are as follows: Figure 11-Figure 1 As shown, the mounting parts are a support rod 81, a support frame 83 and a fixed rod 82, and the bearing part is a roller 84. Because the support rod 81 is fixedly mounted on the chain 22, and because the upper part of the support rod 81 is fitted with a fixed rod 82 that can tilt and rotate relative to it, when the elastic rod 423 is rebounded to one side of the fixed rod 82, the fixed rod 82 tilts; a support frame 83 is provided on the upper side of the fixed rod 82, and when the fixed rod 82 tilts, it drives the support frame 83 to tilt, that is, the fruit between the support frame 83 and the roller 84 is unloaded; a roller 84 that can move downward is installed in the support frame 83 through a second spring f, and the use state of the roller 84 is changed according to actual needs, and a gear 25 is provided on the outer side of the roller 84.

[0064] like Fig.13 As shown, the support frame 83 is provided with a through groove 86, and the through groove 86 is provided with a wheel shaft 87 through a second spring f. The roller 84 is mounted on a bearing on the wheel shaft 87, and a gear 25 is provided on the outer side of the roller 84. When there is no fruit on the roller 84 and the support frame 83, the roller 84 is suspended in the air under the action of the second spring f, and the gear 25 is separated from the rack 24. When there is no fruit on the roller 84, the accommodating mechanism 23 does not rotate, so as to avoid unnecessary loss caused by the long-term meshing rotation of the gear 25 and the rack 24, thereby improving the service life.

[0065] like Fig.12As shown, one side of the support frame 83 is provided with a first limit plate g that can limit the movement of the support rod 81, and this structure can prevent the support rod 81 from moving excessively; the support rod 81 is provided with a second limit plate h that limits the movement of the support frame 83, and this structure can prevent the support frame 83 from moving excessively; the two limit structures cooperate with each other to ensure that the support rod 81 and the support frame 83 are in good use.

[0066] like Fig.11 As shown, the support frame 83 is provided with an inclined guard plate 85, which is located above the gear 25. The guard plate 85 fits the outer curve of the roller 84 to separate the fruit from the gear to prevent unnecessary damage to the fruit when the gear 25 rotates.

[0067] The image acquisition device 31 is arranged on the upper side of the conveying device 2. When the feeding device 1 conveys the fruit to the conveying device 2, the position of the discharge port 17 is higher than the accommodating mechanism 23, so that the fruit falls to the top surface of the support frame 83 and the roller 84 under the action of gravity; the roller 84 moves downward due to the dead weight of the fruit, that is, the axle 87 moves downward in the through groove 86 and the second spring f is stretched. At this time, the gear 25 on the outer side of the roller 84 is meshed with the rack 24 on the second mounting frame b. Due to the friction between the roller 84 and the fruit, the roller 84 rotates and drives the fruit to rotate, which is convenient for the image acquisition device 31 to extract features and send the features to the control cabinet 5 for processing and analysis. Similarly, information is collected when passing through the spectrum acquisition device 32.

[0068] According to the processing result, the control cabinet 5 controls the corresponding tipping mechanism 42 to work. When the chain 22 transfers the fruit to the corresponding classification box 41, the control cabinet 5 controls the electromagnet 421 to be energized. The magnetic pole of the electromagnet 421 after being energized is the same as that of the permanent magnet 422, and the elastic rod 423 moves upward instantly. The movement of the elastic rod 423 moves the fixed rod 82 upward. The support rod 81 is fixedly connected to the chain 22 and the fixed rod 82 is connected to one side of the support frame 83. Therefore, the support frame 83 tilts to one side, thereby unloading the fruit from the support frame 83 into the classification box 41; after use, the electromagnet 421 is powered off, and the elastic rod 423 falls back under the action of its own weight. When the roller 84 passes through the reset platform 44, the reset platform 44 resets the roller 84 for the next use.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] On the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, Fig.14As shown, the lower part of the second mounting frame b is provided with an auxiliary guide rail 9 for supporting the roller 84 / gear 25, and the two sides of the roller 84 / gear 25 are located on the auxiliary guide rail 9, so that the roller 84 / gear 25 moves horizontally under the action of the chain 22. The roller 84 / gear 25 without support will tilt downward and contact with other parts, which may cause operation failure. The auxiliary guide rail 9 can prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon, ensure that the roller 84 / support rod 72 is clean and tidy, and avoid the fruit from getting dirty when it contacts the roller 84 / support rod 72 and affecting the detection result.

[0071] The rack 24 is a detachable structure. When it is not necessary to collect appearance information of the fruit, the user removes the rack, that is, the containing structure 23 will not rotate, and the fruit can only move horizontally and linearly, changing the usage mode to meet different usage requirements.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, a flexible bearing plate 6 is provided between the discharge port 17 and the chain 22, one side of the bearing plate 6 corresponds to the position of the discharge port 17, and the other side thereof is higher than the accommodating mechanism 23 on the conveying device 2. A gap is provided between the bearing plate 6 and the discharge port 17 to facilitate the movement of the push plate 15. Since one end of the conveying device 2 is located in the first mounting frame a and is lower than the position of the discharge port 17, when the fruit moves from the material channel 11 to the accommodating mechanism 23, the fruit uses the height difference between the material channel 11 and the accommodating mechanism 23 to move under the action of its own weight, but it is possible that the fruit cannot accurately enter the accommodating mechanism 23, so the bearing plate 6 is provided to guide the movement of the fruit and ensure the accuracy of the moving path.

[0073] The receiving box 16 has a slope inside, and the position where it communicates with the second recovery rack d is the lowest point in the receiving box 16. When the fallen fruit moves into the receiving box 16, under the action of its own weight and the slope structure inside the receiving box 16, the fruit quickly moves into the second recovery rack d, which is smooth to use, optimizes the use process, and reduces manual operation.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the classification box 41 is provided with a plurality of storage areas, and the depth of the side of the classification box 41 close to the second mounting frame b is less than the depth of the other side thereof. Different storage areas are used to place fruits of different grades according to the detection results, and the interior of the classification box 41 is an inclined structure, so that the fruits can fall to the side away from the second mounting frame b to increase the storage space.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and all of these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A fruit sorting device, comprising a feeding device, a conveying device, a detection device, a collecting device and a control cabinet, characterized in that: The feeding device comprises a first mounting frame with a trapezoidal material channel, a material box, a feeding roller, a feeding belt, a push plate, a first recovery frame, a material receiving box, a second recovery frame, a material outlet, a first spring, a vertical plate and a return roller. A material box corresponding to the material channel is installed on one side of the first mounting frame, a triangularly distributed feeding roller is arranged in the first mounting frame, and the feeding rollers are connected by a feeding belt corresponding to the material channel. A hinged push plate is arranged on the feeding belt, an inclined first recovery frame is arranged on one side of the first mounting frame, and the first mounting frame is provided with a first material receiving box. A material receiving box communicating with the material channel is provided on the other side of the frame, and a second recovery frame communicating with the material receiving box is provided on one side of the material receiving box, and the lower part of the second recovery frame is communicated with the lower part of the first recovery frame and is located below the feeding roller shaft on the lower side, and the end of the material channel close to the material receiving box is a discharge port, and a vertical plate is provided on the inner wall of the discharge port through a first spring, and a return roller matching with the vertical plate is provided on the first mounting frame, and the feeding roller shaft and the return roller are respectively connected to an external power source and a control cabinet; one end of the conveying device is located in the first mounting frame, and the conveying device It includes a second mounting frame, a chain, a sprocket, a accommodating mechanism, a rack and a gear. A sprocket is provided in the second mounting frame, the sprocket is connected to an external power source, a chain matching the sprocket is provided on the outer periphery of the sprocket, a accommodating mechanism is installed on the chain, a rack is provided on one side of the second mounting frame, one end of the rack is an inclined structure, the accommodating mechanism includes a mounting member, a second spring and a bearing member for accommodating fruits, the mounting member is installed with the bearing member through the second spring, a gear for rotating fruits is installed on the bearing member, and the gear is meshed with the rack; the detection device is a spectrum acquisition device and an image acquisition device, the spectrum acquisition device and the image acquisition device are arranged on the second mounting frame; the collection device includes a classification box, a tilting mechanism, a recovery cover and a reset table, the classification box is arranged on the front side of the second mounting frame, the other side of the second mounting frame is equipped with a tilting mechanism for tilting fruits, the tilting mechanism corresponds to the classification box, the tilting mechanism is connected to the control cabinet, the recovery cover is located at one end of the second mounting frame, and a reset table for resetting the accommodating mechanism is provided on the side of the recovery cover close to the classification box; The tilting mechanism comprises a bottom plate, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet and a spring rod. The bottom plate is mounted on the second mounting frame. The electromagnet is arranged on the bottom plate. The electromagnet is connected to the control cabinet. A spring rod is arranged at one end of the bottom plate and rotates relative to the bottom plate. A permanent magnet matching the electromagnet is arranged on one side of the spring rod. The first recovery rack comprises side plates, connecting rods and balls. The balls are installed between two parallel side plates through the connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the ball bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is an elastic part.

2. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible bearing plate is provided between the discharge port and the chain, one side of the bearing plate corresponds to the position of the discharge port, and the other side of the bearing plate is higher than the accommodating mechanism on the conveying device.

3. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical plate is a C-shaped structure and the open end is made of elastic material. An embedded return roller is provided on the inner wall of the material channel. A motor for driving the return roller is provided on the first mounting frame. The side of the return roller away from the material channel can pass through the vertical plate.

4. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the material receiving box is a slope, and the position where it communicates with the second recovery rack is the lowest point in the material receiving box.

5. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting member is a column, the bearing member is a supporting rod, the column which can be inclined to the classification box is hingedly installed on the chain, the supporting rod for placing fruits and the gear meshing with the rack are arranged in sequence on the upper part of the column, the middle part of the column is connected with its upper bearing, and the lower part of the column is connected with the middle part through the second spring f.

6. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In an alternative solution, the mounting parts are a support rod, a support frame and a fixed rod, the bearing member is a roller, the support rod is installed on the chain, a fixed rod that can be tilted and rotated relative to the support rod is mounted on the upper part of the support rod, a support frame is provided on the upper side of the fixed rod, a roller that can move downward is installed in the support frame through a second spring, and a gear is provided on the outside of the roller.

7. A fruit sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A through groove is arranged in the support frame, a wheel axle is installed in the through groove through a second spring, a roller is installed on a bearing on the wheel axle, and a gear is arranged on the outer side of the roller.

8. A fruit sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of storage areas are arranged in the classification box, and the depth of one side of the classification box close to the second mounting frame is smaller than the depth of the other side thereof.

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