An observation device and observation method for studying tadpole development in situ in the field

Abstract

The present invention discloses an observation device and an observation method for studying tadpole development in situ in the field. There is still a lack of corresponding research devices for the interference of environmental pollutants on the development of organisms under the in-situ environmental concentration in the field. The present invention discloses an observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the field, comprising an outdoor breeding cage, a continuous observation device and an individual observation device. The continuous observation device is installed on the outdoor breeding cage. The continuous observation device comprises a camera and a filter. The individual observation device comprises a hand-held rod, a sample placement box and a magnifying glass; the sample placement box is fixed at the bottom end of the hand-held rod; the top of the sample placement box is open. An observation hole is provided on the side wall of the sample placement box. A magnifying glass is embedded in the observation hole. The observation and research device of the present invention is a tadpole development observation and research device in situ in the field, which can observe the process of tadpole development under in-situ conditions in the field, conduct environmental toxicology research in a field environment, and improve the reliability of the research results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of field in-situ observation of tadpoles, and particularly relates to an observation device and an observation method for field in-situ research on tadpole development. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the rapid development of industry, the concentration of environmental pollutants in wild water bodies has increased rapidly. At the same time, due to the large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in factory wastewater, the degree of eutrophication of water bodies has increased, and harmful algae outbreaks have occurred frequently. Studies have shown that after the outbreak of cyanobacteria in a water body in Finland, the sex ratio of the copepod Daphnia pulex changed, which had an adverse effect on the copepod population. Changes in the sex ratio of species populations will affect the number of populations and the stability of ecosystems.

[0003] The growth and reproduction period of amphibians such as frogs is from late spring to early autumn every year. They are not only affected by environmental pollutants in normal times, but also by algal toxins produced by harmful algae outbreaks. Under laboratory simulation conditions, it was found that some environmental pollutants would interfere with the sexual development of organisms, but there is still a lack of corresponding research equipment for the interference of environmental pollutants on the development of organisms at in-situ environmental concentrations in the wild. The situation in the laboratory simulation environment is relatively simple, and many important environmental factors are ignored, resulting in discrepancies between the research results and the actual situation, which is not conducive to the further development of related research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an observation device and an observation method for studying tadpole development in situ in the field.

[0005] The present invention discloses an observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the wild, comprising an outdoor breeding cage, a continuous observation device and an individual observation device. The continuous observation device is installed on the outdoor breeding cage. The continuous observation device comprises a camera and a filter. The camera is fixed above the outdoor breeding cage, and the camera head faces the breeding area in the outdoor breeding cage. The filter blocks the camera head of the camera. The individual observation device comprises a hand-held rod, a sample placement box and a magnifying glass; the sample placement box is fixed at the bottom end of the hand-held rod; the top of the sample placement box is open. An observation hole is provided on the side wall of the sample placement box. A magnifying glass is embedded in the observation hole.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the sample placement box is provided with an insert-type bottom plate. There are two types of insert-type bottom plates: one with a water leakage hole; and the other without a water leakage hole.

[0007] Preferably, the outdoor breeding cage comprises a bottom plate, a side support assembly, a folding reinforcement rod, a side net, a top net and a pebble area. Two adjustment chutes are provided on the bottom plate. The adjustment chutes are through slots. There are n side support assemblies in total, n≥4. The n side support assemblies are divided into two groups. The two groups of side support assemblies are respectively arranged on the two adjustment chutes of the bottom plate. The side net is annular and surrounds each side support assembly. The top net covers the top of each side support assembly, and the bottom plate, the side net and the fixed net enclose a breeding area; a pebble area is provided at the bottom of the breeding area.

[0008] Preferably, a folding reinforcement rod is provided between any two adjacent side support assemblies of the same group, and both ends of the folding reinforcement rod are respectively fixed to the middle parts of the corresponding two side fixing rods.

[0009] Preferably, the foldable reinforcement rod is composed of a plurality of foldable rod sections hinged end to end in sequence, and each hinge point on the foldable reinforcement rod is locked by a bolt.

[0010] Preferably, the side support assembly includes a fixing plug, an upper fixing ring, a side fixing rod and a lower fixing ring. The lower fixing ring is slidably mounted on the corresponding adjustment slot on the bottom plate. The bottom end of the side fixing rod is sharp, passes through the corresponding lower fixing ring and is inserted into the mud at the bottom of the pond. The top end of the side fixing rod is stepped, and the upper diameter is smaller. The upper fixing ring is sleeved on the side fixing rod and positioned by a shoulder. The fixing plug is sleeved on the top end of the side fixing rod. The top edge of the side net is fixed to each upper fixing ring, and the bottom edge is fixed to each lower fixing ring. The edge of the top net is fixed together with each upper fixing ring.

[0011] Preferably, the continuous observation device further comprises a protective plate, a protective box and a support rod; the bottom end of the support rod is fixed to the outdoor breeding cage; the protective plate is fixed to the top end of the support rod; the protective box is fixed to the protective plate and the opening is tilted downward. The camera is fixed in the protective box, and the camera head faces the breeding area in the outdoor breeding cage. The filter is arranged at the opening of the protective box.

[0012] Preferably, the continuous observation device is arranged on the north side of the outdoor breeding cage. The top end of the hand-held rod is in the shape of a hook.

[0013] Preferably, the pebbles in the pebble area are selected to have a diameter of 10-25 cm and are arranged in a stepped shape.

[0014] The observation method of the observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the field is as follows:

[0015] Step 1. Select an in situ research location near the shore of a river or lake where the tadpoles to be studied live.

[0016] Step 2: Dig out a portion of the bottom mud at the in-situ research location and place outdoor aquaculture cages.

[0017] Step 3: Set up a stepped pebble area near the shore of the breeding space in the outdoor breeding cage to provide tadpoles and young frogs with shelter and activity space. Put the tadpoles to be observed in the outdoor breeding cage.

[0018] Step 4: Use a camera to take a bird's-eye view of the breeding area and continuously record the behavioral activities of tadpoles in the water. When it is necessary to observe a single tadpole or young frog, use the sample placement box in the individual observation device to scoop up the tadpole or young frog sample, and use a magnifying glass to perform morphological observation on the scooped sample. When the sample being observed is a tadpole, a plug-in bottom plate without a drainage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box; when the sample being observed is a young frog, a plug-in bottom plate with a drainage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The observation and research device of the present invention is a tadpole development observation and research device in the wild, which can observe the tadpole development process under the conditions of the wild, conduct environmental toxicology research in the wild environment, and improve the reliability of the research results.

[0021] 2. The present invention has two types of observation devices. The continuous observation device can conveniently observe the behavior of tadpoles, and the individual observation device can observe the development of tadpoles and young frogs.

[0022] 3. The size of the outdoor breeding cage in the present invention can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to facilitate the field observation of tadpole development in different terrain environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, an observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the field includes an outdoor breeding cage, a continuous observation device and an individual observation device. The continuous observation device is installed on the outdoor breeding cage. The outdoor breeding cage includes a bottom plate 17, a side support assembly, a folding reinforcement rod 12, a side net 11, a top net 10 and a pebble area 13. The bottom plate 17 is rectangular, and an adjustment chute is provided on both long sides. The adjustment chute is a through groove. There are ten side support assemblies in total. The ten side support assemblies are divided into two groups according to the number. The two groups of side support assemblies are respectively arranged on the two adjustment chutes of the bottom plate 17. The side support assembly includes a fixing plug 6, an upper fixing ring 7, a side fixing rod 8 and a lower fixing ring 9. The lower fixing ring 9 is arranged at the corresponding adjustment chute on the bottom plate 17, and forms a sliding pair with resistance with the adjustment chute (the resistance can prevent the lower fixing ring from moving by itself during the breeding process). The bottom end of the side fixing rod 8 is sharp, passes through the corresponding lower fixing ring 9 and is inserted into the mud at the bottom of the pond. The top of the side fixing rod 8 is stepped, and the upper diameter is smaller. The upper fixing ring 7 is sleeved on the side fixing rod 8 and positioned by the shaft shoulder. The fixing plug 6 is sleeved on the top of the side fixing rod 8, against the upper fixing ring 7, to fix the upper fixing ring. The bottom plate and ten side support components are enclosed to form a rectangular main frame of the cage. By sliding and adjusting the position of each lower fixing ring in the adjustment chute, the size of the outdoor breeding cage can be adjusted to adapt to the terrain characteristics of different outdoor environments.

[0026] A folding reinforcement rod 12 is provided between any two adjacent side support assemblies in the same row. The two ends of the folding reinforcement rod 12 are fixedly connected to the middle of the corresponding two side fixing rods 8 by acrylic screws respectively. The folding reinforcement rod 12 is composed of a plurality of folding rod sections hinged end to end. Each hinge point on the folding reinforcement rod 12 is locked by a bolt; the length of the folding reinforcement rod 12 can be adjusted when the bolt is loosened. The length of the folding reinforcement rod 12 is adjusted according to the position of the lower fixing ring on the adjustment slide, which increases the mobility, ductility and stability of each side fixing rod; the side net 11 is ring-shaped and surrounds the side support assembly. The top edge of the side net 11 is fixed to each upper fixing ring 7, and the bottom edge is fixed to each lower fixing ring 9. The top net 10 covers the top of each side support assembly, and is fixed to each upper fixing ring 7 at the edge.

[0027] The bottom plate 17, the side net 11 and the fixed net 10 together form a breeding area; the top net 10 can prevent natural enemies from preying on the tadpoles in the outdoor breeding cages, thereby avoiding a reduction in the number of samples; the side net 11 can allow water to flow through and take away the tadpole excrement in the outdoor breeding cages, while preventing the tadpoles from escaping. A pebble area 13 is provided at the bottom of the breeding area to facilitate the habitat of the tadpoles after they metamorphose into frogs, thereby preventing adult frogs from drowning due to insufficient space.

[0028] The continuous observation device is set on the north side of the outdoor breeding cage to avoid blocking the sunlight from the south and affecting the growth of tadpoles. The continuous observation device includes a protective plate 1, a protective box 2, a digital wide-angle camera 3, a filter 4 and a support rod 5; the bottom end of the support rod 5 is fixed to one of the side fixing rods 8; the protective plate 1 is fixed to the top of the support rod 5; the protective box 2 is fixed on the protective plate 1 and the opening is tilted downward. The digital wide-angle camera 3 is fixed in the protective box 2, and the camera is facing the breeding area in the outdoor breeding cage. The protective box 2 can prevent the camera 3 from shaking or being damaged under natural conditions such as rain due to unprotected; a filter 4 is provided at the opening of the protective box 2 to filter the sunlight reflected by the water body to prevent strong light from affecting the shooting quality.

[0029] The individual observation device includes a hand-held rod 14, a sample placement box 15 and a magnifying glass 16; the top of the hand-held rod 14 is in the shape of a hook, which is used to hook the side net or the fixed net to fix the individual observation device when not in use. The sample placement box 15 is fixed to the bottom end of the hand-held rod 14; the top of the sample placement box 15 is open. An observation hole is provided on the side wall of the sample placement box 15. A magnifying glass 16 is embedded in the observation hole. The magnifying glass 16 is used to observe tadpoles or young frogs. A plug-in bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the sample placement box 15. There are two types of plug-in bottom plates; one of the plug-in bottom plates is provided with a water leakage hole, which can leak the water in the sample placement box 15, and is used to observe young frogs that have completed metamorphosis; the other plug-in bottom plate has no water leakage hole, which can prevent the water in the sample placement box 15 from leaking, and is used to observe tadpoles that have not completed metamorphosis.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, the top of the side fixing rod 8 is a cylinder with a length of 7.5 cm and a diameter of 2.5 cm, which is used to install the upper fixing ring 7 and the fixing plug 6. The bottom of the side fixing rod 8 is a cone with a top diameter of 5 cm and cut downwards, which is used to insert into the silt; the fixing plug 6 is made of acrylic, with an inner hole diameter of 2.5 cm, an inner hole depth of 6.5 cm, an outer diameter of 5 cm, and an outer height of 7 cm. The inner diameter of the upper fixing ring 7 is 2.7 cm, and the outer diameter is 4 cm. This structure can facilitate the connection between the top net 10 and the side net 11.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution, the total length of the side fixing rod 8 is 1-1.2 meters, and a 1 cm diameter threaded hole for connecting the folding reinforcement rod 12 is opened at a height of 0.8-1 meter.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution, the folding reinforcement rod 12 is composed of four folding rod segments; the folding rod segments are made of acrylic and have a length of 20 cm; two adjacent folding rod segments are hinged by acrylic bolts with a diameter of 1 cm.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution, the bottom plate fixing ring 9 is made of acrylic with an inner diameter of 2 cm; the bottom plate 17 is an acrylic plate with an area of ​​1-2 square meters, and the bottom plate 17 can prevent tadpoles from digging holes and escaping downwards.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution, the top net 10 is a wire net with an area of ​​2-5 square meters and an aperture of 10 cm, and the side net 11 is a mesh with a width of 1.2 meters and an aperture of 1.5 cm.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution, the pebbles in the pebble area 13 are selected with a diameter of 10-25 cm and arranged in a stepped shape. The pebble area 13 can provide a certain degree of concealment for tadpoles and a place for young frogs to move around.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution, the support rod 5 is made of a carbon fiber tube with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 2 meters. The angle between the protective plate 1 and the horizontal plane is 45°.

[0037] The observation method of the observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the field is as follows:

[0038] Step 1: Select an in-situ research location near the river or lake where the tadpoles to be studied live; install each lower fixing ring into the two adjustment slots on the bottom plate 17, and adjust the spacing between each lower fixing ring according to the shape of the in-situ research location.

[0039] Step 2: After digging out a portion of the bottom mud at the in-situ research position and placing the bottom plate 17, each side fixing rod 8 passes through the corresponding lower fixing ring and is inserted into the bottom mud.

[0040] Step 3: Tie the lower edge of the side net to the lower fixing ring; put the upper fixing ring on each side fixing rod 8, tie the upper edge of the side net and the top net to the upper fixing ring. Then fix each upper fixing ring with a fixing plug 6.

[0041] Step 4: Set up a stepped pebble area near the shore of the breeding space to provide tadpoles and young frogs with shelter and space for movement. Place the tadpoles to be observed in the breeding space.

[0042] Step 5: Use a digital wide-angle camera 3 to take a bird's-eye view of the breeding area and continuously record the behavioral activities of tadpoles in the water. When it is necessary to observe a single tadpole or a young frog, use the sample placement box 15 in the individual observation device to scoop up a sample of a tadpole or young frog, and use a magnifying glass to perform a morphological observation on the scooped sample. When the sample being observed is a tadpole, a plug-in bottom plate without a water leakage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box 15; when the sample being observed is a young frog, a plug-in bottom plate with a water leakage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box 15.

Claims

1. A method for observing tadpole development in situ in the field, characterized in that: An observation device for studying tadpole development in situ in the wild comprises an outdoor breeding cage, a continuous observation device and an individual observation device; the continuous observation device is installed on the outdoor breeding cage; the continuous observation device comprises a camera (3) and a filter (4); the camera (3) is fixed above the outdoor breeding cage, and the camera head faces the breeding area in the outdoor breeding cage; the camera (3) is a digital wide-angle camera; the filter (4) blocks the camera head of the camera (3); the individual observation device comprises a hand-held rod (14), a sample placement box (15) and a magnifying glass (16); the sample placement box (15) is fixed to the bottom end of the hand-held rod (14); the top of the sample placement box (15) is open; an observation hole is opened on the side wall of the sample placement box (15); and a magnifying glass (16) is embedded in the observation hole; The bottom of the sample placement box (15) is provided with an insert-type bottom plate; there are two types of insert-type bottom plates; one of which has a water leakage hole; and the other insert-type bottom plate has no water leakage hole; The outdoor breeding cage comprises a bottom plate (17), side support components, a folding reinforcement rod (12), a side net (11), a top net (10) and a pebble area (13); two adjustment slots are provided on the bottom plate (17); the adjustment slots are through slots; there are n side support components in total, n≥4; the n side support components are divided into two groups; the two groups of side support components are respectively arranged on the two adjustment slots of the bottom plate (17); the side net (11) is ring-shaped and surrounds each side support component; the top net (10) covers the top of each side support component, and the bottom plate (17), the side net (11) and the top net (10) together enclose a breeding area; a pebble area (13) is arranged at the bottom of the breeding area; The observation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Select an in situ study location near the shore of a river or lake where the tadpoles being studied live; Step 2: After digging out a portion of the bottom mud at the in-situ research location, place an outdoor aquaculture cage; Step 3: setting a stepped pebble area at the nearshore end of the breeding space in the outdoor breeding cage to provide tadpoles and young frogs with hiding and activity space; placing the tadpoles to be observed in the outdoor breeding cage; Step 4: Use a camera (3) to take a bird's-eye view of the breeding area and continuously record the behavioral activities of tadpoles in the water; when it is necessary to observe a single tadpole or a young frog; use the sample placement box (15) in the individual observation device to scoop up a tadpole or young frog sample, and use a magnifying glass to perform a morphological observation on the scooped sample; when the sample to be observed is a tadpole, a plug-in bottom plate without a drainage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box (15); when the sample to be observed is a young frog, a plug-in bottom plate with a drainage hole is installed at the bottom of the sample placement box (15).

2. The method for observing tadpole development in situ in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: A folding reinforcement rod (12) is provided between any two adjacent side support assemblies of the same group; the two ends of the folding reinforcement rod (12) are respectively fixed to the middle parts of the corresponding two side fixing rods (8).

3. The method for observing tadpole development in the field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The foldable reinforcement rod (12) is composed of a plurality of foldable rod segments hinged end to end in sequence; each hinge point on the foldable reinforcement rod (12) is locked by a bolt.

4. The method for observing tadpole development in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side support assembly comprises a fixing plug (6), an upper fixing ring (7), a side fixing rod (8) and a lower fixing ring (9); the lower fixing ring (9) is slidably mounted on a corresponding adjusting slot on a bottom plate (17); the bottom end of the side fixing rod (8) is sharp, passes through the corresponding lower fixing ring (9) and is inserted into the mud at the bottom of the pond; the top end of the side fixing rod (8) is stepped, and the upper diameter is smaller; the upper fixing ring (7) is sleeved on the side fixing rod (8) and positioned by a shaft shoulder; the fixing plug (6) is sleeved on the top end of the side fixing rod (8); the top edge of the side net (11) is fixed to each upper fixing ring (7), and the bottom edge is fixed to each lower fixing ring (9); the edge of the top net (10) is fixed together with each upper fixing ring (7).

5. The method for observing tadpole development in situ in the field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The continuous observation device further comprises a protective plate (1), a protective box (2) and a support rod (5); the bottom end of the support rod (5) is fixed to an outdoor breeding cage; the protective plate (1) is fixed to the top end of the support rod (5); the protective box (2) is fixed to the protective plate (1) with its opening tilted downward; the camera (3) is fixed in the protective box (2); and the filter (4) is arranged at the opening of the protective box (2).

6. The method for observing tadpole development in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous observation device is arranged on the north side of the outdoor breeding cage; the top end of the hand-held rod (14) is in the shape of a hook.

7. The method for observing tadpole development in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pebbles in the pebble area (13) are selected to have a diameter of 10-25 cm and are arranged in a stepped shape.

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