Flag-shaped comb microstrip antenna device, radar and vehicle

Abstract

A flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna device is provided with an antenna copper-clad layer, a dielectric layer, and a copper-clad ground layer. The flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna is located in the antenna copper-clad layer. The flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna includes a main radiating antenna array and a steering antenna array. The feeder antenna array and the steering antenna array are staggered and distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner. The above antenna device can achieve high gain at a field of view angle FOV of ‑45° when installed on a vehicle, while maintaining a high gain at a field of view angle FOV of +45° to +75°. The performance of the radar's lane change assistance and lateral crossing alarm is improved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna component, a radar having the antenna component, and a vehicle having the radar. Background technology:

[0002] Common functions of automotive millimeter-wave rear corner radars include blind spot detection (BSD), lane change assistance (LCA), rear cross traffic alert (RCTA), etc. Different functions have different requirements for the field of view FOV of the corner radar. When the radar is installed at the rear of the vehicle, the angle between the normal direction of the radar and the direction of the rear of the vehicle is 45°, and the normal direction of the radar is parallel to the Y axis, which is 0°. For the lane change assistance function, the rear corner radar is required to have a long-range detection function at -45° (i.e., the rear direction of the car). For the rear cross traffic alert (RCTA) function, the rear corner radar is required to have a medium-range detection function in the direction of +45° to +75° (i.e., the lateral direction of the car). In order to achieve the above functions, the field of view (FOV) of the radar needs to have a high gain in the direction of -45°, while maintaining a high gain in the direction of +45° to +75°, without obvious gain attenuation. The maximum gain range of the existing traditional antenna appears in the area near the radar normal, and the gain decreases at ±45°. Or high gain can be achieved by adjusting at -45°, while gain decreases in the market angle range of +45° to +75°.

[0003] Invention GB2558492A in the existing solution provides an array antenna, which has the characteristics of high gain and low sidelobe level relative to the horizontal and vertical directions based on the Chebyshev array function. The array antenna includes: a plurality of radiating elements; at least one radiating unit, including a feeder for connecting the plurality of radiating elements; and a power distribution unit for distributing the power supplied from the feed unit to the at least one radiating unit at a first ratio. However, the gain in the solution in the prior art is only maximum at the normal line, which cannot meet the requirement of maintaining a high gain at +45° to +75° while achieving high gain at -45°. Summary of the invention:

[0004] With the development of intelligent driving technology, more and more driving detection equipment is used, and the performance requirements are also increasing. Millimeter wave radar is used to detect the environment of the vehicle and improve the vehicle's perception performance.

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above technologies to some extent. To this end, the first object of the present invention is to propose a flag - type microstrip antenna for millimeter - wave radar, which includes: a matching end, a feeder of the main radiation antenna array, a radiation patch of the main radiation antenna array, a feeder of the director antenna array, and a radiation patch of the director antenna array; the matching end is connected to the feeder of the main radiation antenna array; a radiation patch of the main radiation antenna array is arranged on one side of the feeder of the main radiation antenna array to form the main radiation antenna array; a director radiation antenna is arranged on one side of the feeder of the director antenna array to form the director antenna array; the feeder of the director antenna array is not connected to the matching end; the main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array are arranged in an interleaved and symmetric distribution.

[0006] The overall structure of the microstrip antenna consists of an antenna copper - clad layer, a dielectric layer, and a copper - clad ground layer, and the antenna copper - clad layer and the copper - clad ground layer are distributed on both sides of the dielectric layer.

[0007] Preferably, the flag - type microstrip antenna for millimeter - wave radar is composed of a main radiation antenna array and a director antenna array. The distance between adjacent patches of the main radiation antenna array is one wavelength of the antenna operating center frequency point in the propagation medium, that is, 1 times λg. At the same time, the distance between adjacent patches of the director radiation antenna array is 1 times λg of the antenna operating center frequency point.

[0008] λg represents the wavelength of the antenna operating center frequency point in the propagation medium.

[0009] Preferably, the patch length of the radiation patches of the main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array is 0.5 times λg of the antenna operating center frequency point.

[0010] Among them, the widths of the radiation patches of the main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array gradually narrow from the middle to both ends.

[0011] The change in the patch width is set according to the width distribution law such as Chebyshev or Taylor distribution according to the requirement of suppressing the sidelobe level.

[0012] The width range of the radiation patches of the main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array is 0.04λg to 0.5λg.

[0013] Preferably, for the flag - type microstrip antenna for millimeter - wave radar, the horizontal arrangement position takes the outer edge of the radiation patch of the feeding antenna array as the 0 - boundary axis, and the movable range D of the outer edge of the radiation patch of the mirror antenna array along the axis is - 0.5λg < D < 0.5λg.

[0014] The distance d between the center lines in the direction perpendicular to the feeder of the patch of the main radiation antenna array and the center lines in the direction perpendicular to the feeder of the radiation patch of the director antenna array is such that the range of d is 0.25λg < d < 0.75λg. λg is the length of the dielectric wavelength.

[0015] The present invention provides a radar device with the antenna device, which can achieve high gain at -45° FOV when installed on a vehicle, and also maintain high gain at +45° to +75° FOV, thereby improving the performance of the radar in lane change assistance and lateral crossing alarm.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is to set a main radiating antenna array and a steering antenna array, and the main radiating antenna array and the steering antenna array are staggered and symmetrically distributed, and the antenna is composed of the main radiating antenna array and the steering antenna array. This antenna achieves a high gain at a normal angle of -45° and a relatively high gain at +45° to +75° by creatively adding a steering antenna array. Description of the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flag-shaped antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PCB stacking of a flag-shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 1 illustrates a gain pattern of a flag-shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the location where the radar is installed on the car and the radar radiation range.

[0021] In the figure: main radiating antenna array 1, guiding antenna array 2, main radiating antenna array matching end 12, main radiating antenna array feed line 13, main radiating antenna array radiation patch 11, guiding antenna array feed line 2, guiding antenna array radiation patch 21, antenna copper clad layer 5, dielectric layer 6, and ground layer 7. Specific implementation method:

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or parts. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In order to overcome the defects of radar antennas in the prior art, the radar detection horizontal area has a high gain of -45° while maintaining a high gain at +45° to +75°. This improves the radar's blind spot detection (BSD), lane change assist (LCA) and cross traffic alert (RCTA) performance.

[0024] The microstrip antenna, radar and vehicle of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The first object of the present invention is to provide a millimeter wave radar flag-type microstrip antenna device. The antenna structure improves the gain performance of the antenna at a specific angle.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the main structure of the flag-shaped comb-shaped microstrip antenna may include a main radiating antenna array 1 and a steering antenna array 2. The main radiating antenna array 1 and the steering antenna array 2, these two microstrip antenna arrays constitute the main structure of the flag-shaped microstrip antenna.

[0028] The main radiating antenna array 1 is composed of a main radiating antenna matching end 12, a main radiating antenna array feed line 13, and a main radiating antenna array radiation patch 11; the directional antenna array 2 is composed of a directional antenna array feed line 2 and a directional antenna array radiation patch 21. The main radiating antenna matching end 12 is connected to the main radiating antenna array feed line 13. A main radiating antenna array radiation patch 11 is arranged on one side of the main radiating antenna array feed line 13 to form the main radiating antenna array. A directional radiating antenna array radiation patch is arranged on one side of the directional antenna array feed line 14 to form the directional antenna array 2. The directional antenna array feed line 14 is not connected to the matching end. The main radiating antenna array 1 and the directional antenna array 1 are staggered and symmetrically distributed, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The main radiating antenna patches 11 and the patches 21 directed toward the antenna array are arranged in a staggered manner, which saves physical space to a certain extent.

[0029] The main radiating antenna array radiating patch 11 and the guiding antenna array radiating patch 21 are arranged crosswise and directed to each other. The distance between the two antenna arrays is the axis with the outer edge of the feeding antenna array radiating patch as the boundary. The movable range D of the outer edge of the guiding antenna array radiating patch along the axis is -0.5λg <D<0.5λg。

[0030] The width of the main radiating antenna array radiating patch 11 is in the range of 0.04λg to 0.5λg, and the width of the directing antenna array radiating patch 21 is in the range of 0.04λg to 0.5λg.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the width variation of the first radiation patch 11 is set according to the width distribution law of Chebyshev or Taylor distribution according to the suppression requirement of the sidelobe level. The narrowing rule can be adjusted according to the width distribution law of Chebyshev or Taylor distribution according to the suppression requirement of the sidelobe level. If the normalized width of Taylor distribution of 10 patches is set to: 0.5: 0.6: 0.7: 0.9: 1: 1: 0.9: 0.7: 0.6: 0.5. The composition of the radiation patch 21 of the directional antenna array is the same as the variation rule of the first radiation patch 11, and the two ends of the main radiation antenna array and the directional antenna array are the narrower ends of the radiation patch.

[0032] The patch lengths of the radiation patches 11 of the main radiation antenna array and the radiation patches 21 of the director antenna array are half of the wavelength at the center operating frequency of the antenna, i.e., 0.5λg. (Wherein, the width of the radiation patch gradually narrows from the middle to both ends; the width setting rule of the radiation patch 31 of the director radiation antenna array is the same as the change rule of the first radiation patch 11.)

[0033] Figure 2 The PCB stack-up structure diagram of the flag-shaped comb microstrip antenna device of the present invention is shown. In the invention, the flag-shaped comb microstrip antenna device is composed of an antenna copper-clad layer 5, a dielectric layer 6, and a copper-clad ground layer 7. The antenna copper-clad layer 5 and the copper-clad ground layer 7 are on both sides of the dielectric layer 6.

[0034] The antenna copper-clad layer 5 is processed through a process to obtain a flag-shaped comb microstrip antenna structure.

[0035] It is composed of the feeder 2 of the director radiation antenna array of the right microstrip antenna and the radiation patch 31 of the feeder of the director radiation antenna array, forming a director radiation antenna array. The main radiation antenna array and the director radiation antenna array are arranged in an interleaved and symmetric distribution.

[0036] The sizes and distributions of the radiation patches 11 of the main radiation antenna array and the radiation patches 31 of the director radiation antenna array are set the same.

[0037] Preferably, for the flag-shaped microstrip antenna of the millimeter-wave radar, the distance between adjacent patches on the same side of the radiation patch of the feeding antenna array is 1 times the dielectric wavelength at the center operating frequency of the antenna.

[0038] The lengths of the radiation patches 11 of the main radiation antenna array and the radiation patches 31 of the director radiation antenna array are half of the wavelength at the center operating frequency of the antenna.

[0039] The widths of the radiation patches 11 of the main radiation antenna array and the radiation patches 31 of the director radiation antenna array are tapered accordingly according to the requirement of suppressing the sidelobe level.

[0040] The main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array are arranged in a left-right cross and symmetric manner. The distance between the two antenna arrays takes the outer edge of the radiation patch parallel to the feeder of the main radiation antenna array as the 0-axis. The movable range D of the outer edge of the radiation patch parallel to the feeder of the director antenna array along the axis is -0.5λg < D < 0.5λg.

[0041] The distance d between the centerlines in the direction perpendicular to the feeder of the radiation patch of the main radiation antenna array and the centerlines in the direction perpendicular to the feeder of the radiation patch of the director antenna array is such that 0.25λg < d < 0.75λg. The setting method of the main radiation antenna array and the director antenna array can make the antenna structure compact and easy to arrange.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position where the radar is installed on the vehicle and the radar radiation range.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted radar, such as Figure 4 The figure shows the installation diagram of the radar set on the vehicle, with the viewing angle direction of the radar as the Y-axis, that is, the normal direction of the radar is parallel to the Y-axis, which is 0°. For the lane change assist function, the rear corner radar is required to have a long-range detection function at -45° of the radar (that is, the rear direction of the car). For the rear lateral crossing alarm (RCTA) function, the rear corner radar is required to have a medium-range detection function in the direction of +45° to +75° (that is, the lateral direction of the car). For the lane change assist function, the rear corner radar is required to be at -45° of the radar. The flag-shaped antenna component of the structure of the present invention can improve the detection horizontal area of ​​-45° to achieve high gain, and maintain a relatively high gain at +45° to +75°. Improve the performance of the radar's lane change assist and lateral crossing alarm.

[0044] Figure 3 is the gain pattern of the flag antenna, where the horizontal axis is the angle in degrees and the vertical axis is the directivity in dB. In the figure, line 2 represents the gain variation curve of radar detection in the prior art. Figure 3 It is a radar gain image obtained by testing after the improvement of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention also provides a vehicle, which is provided with the vehicle-mounted radar in the embodiment. The radar is provided with the flag-shaped comb-shaped microstrip antenna of the present invention. The vehicle-mounted radar can effectively improve the safe driving performance of the vehicle.

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is to set a main radiating antenna array and a steering antenna array, and the main radiating antenna array and the steering antenna array are staggered and symmetrically distributed. This antenna creatively adds a steering antenna array, so that the antenna gain can achieve high gain at a normal angle of -45° and a relatively high gain at +45° to +75°.

[0047] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna device, characterized in that: include: Antenna copper clad layer, dielectric layer, copper clad ground layer, the flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna is located at the antenna copper clad layer, and the flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna includes a main radiating antenna array and a guiding antenna array; The main radiating antenna array is composed of a main radiating antenna array feed line, a main radiating antenna array matching end and a main radiating antenna array radiating patch; The directional antenna array consists of a directional antenna array feed line and a directional antenna array radiation patch. The main radiating antenna matching end is connected to the main radiating antenna array feed line. A main radiating antenna array radiation patch is arranged on one side of the main radiating antenna array feed line to form a main radiating antenna array. A directional antenna array radiation patch is arranged on one side of the directional antenna array feed line to form a directional antenna array. The directional antenna array feed line is not connected to the matching end. The main radiating antenna array and the directional antenna array are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the radiating patch of the directional antenna array and the radiating patch of the main radiating antenna array are staggered.

2. The flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The width of the main radiating antenna array radiating patch and the guide antenna array radiating patch is in the range of 0.04 to 0.5 times of the medium wavelength of the antenna working center frequency.

3. The flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The distance between adjacent patches of the main radiating antenna array and the guide antenna array radiating patches is 1 times the dielectric wavelength of the antenna's working center frequency.

4. The flag-type comb-shaped microstrip antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that: include: The patch length of the radiation patch is the half-wave length of the working center frequency of the antenna, that is, 0.5λg.

5. The flag-type comb microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The width of the radiation patch gradually narrows from the middle to both ends; the rule of narrowing the patch width follows the requirement of suppressing the side lobe level according to the width distribution rule such as Chebyshev distribution or Taylor distribution.

6. The flag-type comb microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The distance between the main radiating antenna array and the steering antenna array is, with the outer edge of the radiating patch of the main radiating antenna array as the axis, then the movable range D of the outer edge of the radiating patch of the steering antenna array along the axis is -0.5λg <D<0.5λg。 7. The flag-type comb microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The distance d between the center line of the main radiating antenna array patch and the feeder in the vertical direction and the center line of the radiating patch of the guide antenna array and the feeder in the vertical direction is 0.25λg <d<0.75λg。 8. A vehicle-mounted radar, characterized in that: It comprises the flag-type comb microstrip antenna device as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the vehicle-mounted radar as claimed in claim 8.

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