A Ka dual circularly polarized antenna unit and panel array antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a Ka dual-circular polarization antenna unit and a flat plate array antenna, which comprises, from top to bottom, a radiation patch layer, a slot coupling layer, a waveguide transmission layer and a feed network layer; a plurality of microstrip line structures are arranged on the radiation patch layer, the microstrip line structure comprises a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, and the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line form a 90-degree phase difference of electric field orthogonal components; the slot coupling layer comprises a second substrate, the second substrate is provided with a source collapse groove corresponding to the microstrip line structure, and the slot coupling layer and the radiation patch layer are relatively displaced under the action of an external force; the microstrip line structure corresponding to the source collapse groove is switched between a left-handed circular polarization microstrip line and a right-handed circular polarization microstrip line through the relative displacement; and the source collapse groove and the first substrate form a linear polarization feed source. According to the application, each dual-circular polarization feed source is used to form dual-circular polarization, and a polarization partition plate of a feed source waveguide is not relied on, so that the thickness of the antenna structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic information technology, specifically to a Ka dual-circular polarized antenna element and a planar array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Ka-type dual circularly polarized feedhorns were initially used primarily in parabolic antennas. The reflection from the parabolic reflector ensures a uniform, equiphase electric field distribution across the aperture surface. Polarization switching is then achieved via a circularly polarized spacer in the waveguide cavity between the feedhorn and the transceiver. However, this structure has requirements for profile height and requires integration with the transceiver. This is impractical for the miniaturization and size constraints of current portable base station equipment; furthermore, the integrated design of the transceiver means that this circularly polarized spacer polarization switching method cannot meet the requirements for separate receivers and transmitters.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a miniaturized, thinner Ka-panel antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Ka dual-circular polarization antenna element that relies on each dual-circular polarization feed to form dual-circular polarization, without relying on the feed waveguide polarization separator, thereby reducing the antenna structure thickness.

[0005] In addition, the present invention also provides a planar array antenna composed of the above-described Ka dual circularly polarized antenna element array.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A Ka-type dual circularly polarized antenna element includes a radiating patch layer, a slot coupling layer, a waveguide transmission layer, and a feed network layer arranged from top to bottom.

[0008] The radiating patch layer includes a first substrate, on which a plurality of microstrip line structures are disposed. The microstrip line structures include a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, wherein the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line form a 90° phase difference between the orthogonal components of the electric field.

[0009] The slot coupling layer includes a second substrate, on which a feed groove corresponding to the microstrip line structure is provided. The slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer undergo relative displacement under the action of external force. Through the relative displacement, the microstrip line structure corresponding to the feed groove switches between left-hand and right-hand circular polarization of the antenna. The feed groove and the first substrate constitute a linearly polarized feed.

[0010] The feed network layer and waveguide transmission layer are used for electromagnetic wave transmission.

[0011] The relative displacement described in this invention refers to the change in the relative position of the radiating patch layer and the slot coupling layer, including relative translation or relative rotation. Relative translation can be a situation where the slot coupling layer remains stationary while the radiating patch layer moves horizontally under the action of a horizontal thrust. Relative rotation can be a situation where the slot coupling layer remains stationary while the radiating patch layer rotates around its own central axis. This allows the microstrip line structure, which was originally in a left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line, to switch to a right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line through rotation.

[0012] This invention achieves the switching between left-hand and right-hand polarization of the microstrip line structure corresponding to the feed groove by setting a relative displacement between the slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer under the action of external force.

[0013] That is, the dual circular polarization of the Ka dual circular polarization antenna element of the present invention is directly achieved by combining dual circular polarization feeds with a feeding network for array formation. The formation of this array antenna relies on each dual circular polarization feed to form dual circular polarization, and can be regarded as being spliced ​​together by several dual circular polarization feeds, without relying on feed waveguide polarization partitions to achieve dual circular polarization.

[0014] Furthermore, the microstrip line structure includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, both of which are elongated rectangles. The first and second microstrip lines intersect perpendicularly, forming a 90° phase difference between the orthogonal components of the electric field. Specifically, the phase difference between the orthogonal linear polarization components of the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line is -90°, and the phase difference between the orthogonal linear polarization components of the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line is +90°.

[0015] Furthermore, the first and second microstrip lines are strip-shaped, which can be long rectangular strips. The first and second microstrip lines can also be other shapes, as long as they satisfy the requirement that the phase difference of the linear polarization quadrature components of the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line is -90° and the phase difference of the linear polarization quadrature components of the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line is +90°.

[0016] Furthermore, the microstrip line structure on the radiating patch layer includes circularly polarized microstrip lines arranged uniformly according to certain rules. The microstrip line structure on the radiating patch layer includes left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines. The slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer undergo relative displacement under the action of external force. Through the relative displacement, the microstrip lines correspond to the feed groove, thereby realizing left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization.

[0017] This invention simultaneously sets left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines in the radiating patch layer. By driving an external force, a relative displacement can be achieved between the slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer under the action of the external force. Through the relative displacement, the left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line corresponds to the feed groove.

[0018] That is, the dual circular polarization of the Ka dual circular polarization antenna element of the present invention is directly achieved by combining dual circular polarization feeds with a feeding network for array formation. The formation of this array antenna relies on each dual circular polarization feed to form dual circular polarization, and can be regarded as being spliced ​​together by several dual circular polarization feeds. It does not rely on feed waveguide polarization partitions, thereby reducing the thickness of the antenna structure. The Ka-band planar antenna can also achieve polarization switching.

[0019] Furthermore, the microstrip line structures realizing left-hand circular polarization are arranged in an array, and the microstrip line structures realizing right-hand circular polarization are arranged in an array. The phase difference of the linear polarization quadrature components of the left-hand circular polarization microstrip line is -90°, and the phase difference of the linear polarization quadrature components of the right-hand circular polarization microstrip line is +90°.

[0020] For example, left-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in an array, and right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in an array.

[0021] Furthermore, both left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in a matrix manner.

[0022] The number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines can be the same or different. The number of feed grooves can be the same as or different from the number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines. In order to facilitate switching between left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines, it is preferable that the number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines is the same, and the number of feed grooves is the same as the number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines.

[0023] The left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in the matrix manner described above. They can be arranged on the same antenna material or on different antenna materials. This facilitates the relative displacement between the slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer under the action of external force. The relative displacement enables the left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines to correspond with the feed groove, which can improve the convenience of operation.

[0024] Furthermore, the microstrip line structure on the radiating patch layer includes a left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line or a right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line; the slot coupling layer and the radiating patch layer undergo relative displacement under the action of external force, which can be relative rotation, and the microstrip line structure corresponding to the feed groove can switch between left-hand and right-hand polarization of the antenna through relative displacement.

[0025] Furthermore, the waveguide transmission layer includes a third substrate, on which through holes are provided to cooperate with the feed groove. When the array is arranged, the through holes correspond one-to-one with the feed groove. The through holes and the feed groove can have different diameters. The through holes and the feed groove constitute a waveguide cavity for electromagnetic wave polarization transmission.

[0026] Furthermore, the power supply network layer includes a fourth substrate, on which a transmission groove is provided to enable electromagnetic wave transmission with the waveguide transmission layer.

[0027] Furthermore, the radiating patch layer is made of antenna material, which can be a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber, etc. Since this antenna material is well known in the art, it will not be described in detail. The slot coupling layer, waveguide transmission layer and feed network layer are all made of conductive metal.

[0028] A planar array antenna, wherein multiple Ka dual-circular polarized antenna elements are pre-arranged on the planar array antenna.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The Ka dual-circular polarization antenna unit of the present invention reduces the overall parabolic height of the antenna by pre-setting both left-hand and right-hand circular polarization on the antenna unit without switching through the polarization septum of the feed waveguide, thereby miniaturizing the Ka dual-circular polarization antenna unit and further miniaturizing the planar array antenna.

[0031] 2. The Ka dual-circular polarization antenna unit of the present invention does not require the transceiver to be integrated, so that the Ka planar antenna can also achieve the purpose of dual-circular polarization switching. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the Ka dual-circular polarized antenna element described in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Ka dual-circular polarization antenna element described in Example 1 in a left-hand circular polarization state;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dual circularly polarized antenna element described in Example 1 in a right-hand circularly polarized state;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Ka dual-circular polarization antenna element described in Example 2 in a left-hand circular polarization state;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dual circularly polarized antenna unit described in Example 2 in a right-hand circularly polarized state.

[0038] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0039] 1-Radiating patch layer; 2-Slot coupling layer; 3-Waveguide transmission layer; 4-Feed network layer; 11-First substrate; 12-Microstrip line structure; 121-First microstrip line; 122-Second microstrip line; 21-Second substrate; 22-Feed groove; 31-Third substrate; 32-Through hole; 41-Fourth substrate; 42-Transmission groove. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a Ka dual-circular polarized antenna element includes a radiating patch layer 1, a slot coupling layer 2, a waveguide transmission layer 3, and a feed network layer 4 arranged from top to bottom.

[0043] The radiating patch layer 1 includes a first substrate 11, on which a plurality of microstrip line structures 12 are disposed. The microstrip line structures 12 include left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines. The left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are uniformly arranged according to a certain rule, that is, the microstrip line structures 12 that realize left-hand circular polarization are arranged in an array, and the microstrip line structures 12 that realize right-hand circular polarization are arranged in an array.

[0044] Circular polarization occurs when electromagnetic waves propagate through anisotropic materials, where the propagation constants of the electric field components along different directions are not the same. Over the same propagation distance, a certain phase difference exists between the orthogonal components of the electric field, thus converting the linearly polarized wave radiated by a linearly polarized feed into a circularly polarized wave. When the phase difference between the orthogonal components of the linear polarization is -90°, left-hand circular polarization is formed; conversely, when the phase difference is +90°, right-hand circular polarization is formed.

[0045] For example, in this embodiment, the microstrip line structure 12 includes a first microstrip line 121 and a second microstrip line 122. Both the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 are elongated rectangles. The first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 intersect perpendicularly, forming a 90° phase difference between the orthogonal components of the electric field. The phase difference between the linearly polarized orthogonal components of the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line is -90°. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The left-crossing microstrip line structure 12 shown is a left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line; the phase difference between the orthogonal components of the linear polarization of the right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line is +90°, as shown below. Figure 2 , Figure 3The right-crossing microstrip structure 12 shown is a right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line.

[0046] The slot coupling layer 2 includes a second substrate 21, on which a feed groove 22 corresponding to the microstrip line structure 12 is provided. The slot coupling layer 2 and the radiating patch layer 1 undergo relative displacement under the action of an external force. The external force that realizes the relative displacement between the slot coupling layer 2 and the radiating patch layer 1 can be a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to move the radiating patch layer 1 horizontally. That is, a horizontal thrust can be used to realize the reciprocating movement of the radiating patch layer 1 in the horizontal direction. The horizontal direction here specifically refers to the direction parallel to the radiating patch layer 1. Through relative displacement, the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line or the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line corresponds to the feed groove 22. The feed groove 22 and the first substrate 11 constitute a linearly polarized feed. Electromagnetic waves are radiated onto the microstrip line structure 12 of the radiating patch layer 1 through the linearly polarized feed, forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0047] The arrangement of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines is not limited. As long as the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines can be aligned with the feed grooves 22 on the slot coupling layer 2 by external force.

[0048] For example: the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in an array, and the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in an array, with the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line array and the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line array being arranged in a staggered manner.

[0049] More preferably, both left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in a matrix. The number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are the same, and the number of feed grooves 22 is the same as the number of left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines or right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines.

[0050] For example: the staggered arrangement of left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line arrays specifically means that when both left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in a matrix manner, the microstrip line structure 12 as a whole comprises n rows and m columns, where n and m are both even numbers greater than 1; the left-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in odd-numbered rows and odd-numbered columns, and the right-hand circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in even-numbered rows and even-numbered columns. For example: Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the microstrip line structure 12 comprises 8 rows and 8 columns. Left-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in rows 1, 3, 5, and 7, and columns 1, 3, 5, and 7; right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are arranged in rows 2, 4, 6, and 8, and columns 2, 4, 6, and 8. That is, the left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line arrays each contain 16 left-handed and 16 right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines, respectively. The corresponding slot coupling layer 2 has 12 feed grooves 22, meaning each feed groove 22 corresponds one-to-one with either a left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line. It should be noted that the number of rows and columns for the left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines is not limited to 8 rows and 8 columns, and the left-handed circular polarization is not limited to odd-numbered rows and columns; similarly, the right-handed circularly polarized microstrip lines are not limited to even-numbered rows and columns.

[0051] The feed network layer 4 and the waveguide transmission layer 3 are used for electromagnetic wave transmission. Specifically:

[0052] The waveguide transmission layer 3 includes a third substrate 31, on which through holes 32 are provided to cooperate with the feed groove 22. When the array is arranged, the through holes 32 correspond one-to-one with the feed groove 22. The through holes 32 and the feed groove 22 can have different diameters. The through holes 32 and the feed groove 22 constitute a waveguide cavity for electromagnetic wave polarization transmission.

[0053] The power supply network layer 4 includes a fourth substrate 41, on which a transmission groove 42 is provided to enable electromagnetic wave transmission with the waveguide transmission layer 3.

[0054] The radiating patch layer 1 is made of antenna material, which can be a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber. The slot coupling layer 2, waveguide transmission layer 3 and feed network layer 4 are all made of conductive metal.

[0055] In this embodiment, the shapes of the radiating patch layer 1, the slot coupling layer 2, the waveguide transmission layer 3, and the feed network layer 4 are not limited, and can be as follows: Figure 1-3 The square shape shown can also be a circle or other shapes. In order to facilitate the application of a horizontal square thrust to the radiating patch layer 1 to achieve relative displacement between the radiating patch layer 1 and the slot coupling layer 2 in the horizontal direction, it is preferable to set the size of the radiating patch layer 1 to be larger than the size of the slot coupling layer 2, that is, the four sides of the radiating patch layer 1 protrude from the slot coupling layer 2, or the two ends subjected to the force protrude from the slot coupling layer 2.

[0056] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0057] When a signal is transmitted, the signal generated by the transmitter is transmitted through the feed network layer 4 and the transmission groove 42 to the waveguide cavity formed by the via 32 and the feed groove 22. Then, the electromagnetic wave is radiated to the microstrip line structure 12 of the radiation patch layer 1 through the linearly polarized feed, forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0058] The operation to switch between left and right circular polarization is to apply a horizontal thrust to the radiating patch layer 1 to cause relative displacement between the radiating patch layer 1 and the slot coupling layer 2 in the horizontal direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, the microstrip line structure 12 on the radiating patch layer 1 is designed as two types of vertically intersecting microstrip lines pointing to the left (phase difference -90°) and to the right (phase difference +90°) and uniformly arranged according to a certain rule, forming a dual-circularly polarized left-hand circular polarization and a right-hand circular polarization. When all the arranged left-hand circular polarizations and right-hand circular polarizations are used, they correspond to the feed groove 22 of the slot coupling layer 2 to form a radiating unit. When the left-hand intersecting microstrip line structure 12 corresponds to the feed groove of the slot coupling layer 2, left-hand circular polarization is achieved; when the right-hand intersecting microstrip line structure 12 corresponds to the feed groove of the slot coupling layer 2, right-hand circular polarization is achieved.

[0060] In this embodiment, both left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization are preset in the radiating patch layer 1 of the antenna element, without switching through the polarization septum of the feed waveguide. This reduces the overall parabolic height of the antenna and eliminates the requirement for non-integrated transceiver, enabling the Ka-planar antenna to achieve dual circular polarization switching.

[0061] In this embodiment, the left-handed circular polarization state is as follows: Figure 2 As shown: the microstrip line structure 12 that crosses to the left corresponds to the transmission groove 42 of the slot coupling layer 2.

[0062] Right-hand circular polarization state as follows Figure 3 As shown: the microstrip line structure 12 that crosses to the right corresponds to the transmission groove 42 of the slot coupling layer 2.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and the difference between it and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0065] The microstrip line structure 12 on the radiating patch layer 1 includes a left-hand circularly polarized microstrip line or a right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line; the slot coupling layer 2 and the radiating patch layer 1 rotate relative to each other under the action of external force, and the microstrip line structure 12 corresponding to the feed groove 22 switches between left-hand and right-hand polarization of the antenna through relative rotation.

[0066] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the microstrip structure 12 is different from that in embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the microstrip structures 12 all cross to the left or all cross to the right.

[0067] In this embodiment, the left-handed circular polarization state is as follows: Figure 4As shown: the microstrip line structure 12 that crosses to the left corresponds to the transmission groove 42 of the slot coupling layer 2. At this time, the microstrip line structure 12 is a left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line.

[0068] Right-hand circular polarization state as follows Figure 5 As shown: the right-crossing microstrip line structure 12 corresponds to the transmission groove 42 of the slot coupling layer 2; at this time, the microstrip line structure 12 is a right-hand circularly polarized microstrip line.

[0069] In this embodiment, the effect is achieved by rotating the radiation patch layer 1 around its own axis. Figure 4 The left-handed circular polarization state shown is as follows Figure 5 The switch to right-hand circular polarization is shown.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A planar array antenna, wherein multiple Ka dual circularly polarized antenna elements as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 are pre-arranged on the planar array antenna.

[0072] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A Ka dual circular polarized antenna unit, characterized by, It comprises, from top to bottom, a radiation patch layer (1), a slot coupling layer (2), a waveguide transmission layer (3) and a feed network layer (4) arranged in sequence. The radiation patch layer (1) comprises a first substrate (11), and a plurality of microstrip line structures (12) are arranged on the first substrate (11), wherein the microstrip line structure (12) comprises a first microstrip line (121) and a second microstrip line (122), and the first microstrip line (121) and the second microstrip line (122) form a 90° phase difference of electric field orthogonal components. The slot coupling layer (2) comprises a second substrate (21), and a feed source groove (22) corresponding to the microstrip line structure (12) is arranged on the second substrate (21). The microstrip line structure (12) comprises a left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line and a right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line, the first microstrip line (121) and the second microstrip line (122) are both long rectangular, the first microstrip line (121) and the second microstrip line (122) are perpendicular to each other, and a 90° phase difference of electric field orthogonal components is formed; wherein the phase difference of linear polarization orthogonal components of the left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line is -90°; the phase difference of linear polarization orthogonal components of the right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line is +90°; the slot coupling layer (2) and the radiation patch layer (1) are relatively displaced under the action of an external force, and the left-handed circularly polarized microstrip line or the right-handed circularly polarized microstrip line is corresponded to the feed source groove (22) through the relative displacement. The feed source groove (22) and the first substrate (11) constitute a linearly polarized feed source. The feed network layer (4) and the waveguide transmission layer (3) are used for electromagnetic wave transmission.

2. The Ka dual circular polarized antenna unit of claim 1, wherein, The microstrip line structure (12) for left-handed circular polarization is arranged in an array mode, and the microstrip line structure (12) for right-handed circular polarization is arranged in an array mode.

3. The Ka dual circular polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein, The waveguide transmission layer (3) comprises a third substrate (31), and a through hole (32) matched with the feed source groove (22) is arranged on the third substrate (31), and the through hole (32) and the feed source groove (22) constitute a waveguide cavity for linearly polarized electromagnetic wave transmission.

4. The Ka dual circular polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein, The feed network layer (4) comprises a fourth substrate (41), and a transmission groove (42) for realizing electromagnetic wave transmission of the waveguide transmission layer (3) is arranged on the fourth substrate (41).

5. A flat panel array antenna, characterized by, A plurality of Ka dual circularly polarized antenna units as claimed in any one of claims 1-4 are arranged on the flat panel array antenna.

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