Soil 3D displacement measurement device

Abstract

The present application provides a soil 3D displacement measurement device, comprising: at least one measuring rod, in which one or more measuring modules are arranged; an inclinometer tube buried in the soil, each measuring rod is suspended inside the inclinometer tube by a pin; a magnetic ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube; the measurement module comprises: a processor, a communicator, a magnetoresistive sensor, and an inclination sensor; the processor is used to collect displacement data and inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator; each measuring module is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal through a power supply and a communication cable, and the data acquisition terminal is used to power each measuring module and upload the collected data to the cloud. The soil 3D displacement measurement device described in the present application can work continuously, and while realizing real-time layered displacement measurement, it can also complete the measurement of horizontal displacement of deep soil, solving the current soil detection problems of "slow detection, inaccurate detection, and complex installation", and realizing the automatic, real-time, and continuous monitoring of displacement deformation inside the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil deformation information monitoring, and in particular to a soil 3D displacement measurement device. Background Art

[0002] The settlement and deformation of various buildings are closely related to the bearing soil. In order to ensure the safety of buildings, especially roads, bridges, subways, high-speed railways, dams, etc., the displacement of deep soil must be monitored. The horizontal displacement monitoring of deep soil such as mountain soil landslide, tailings pond deformation, dam deformation, deep foundation pit deformation, etc. is one of the important monitoring items in the geological disaster monitoring system. At present, fixed inclinometers have been used to solve this problem.

[0003] Soft soil areas are mostly silt, silt clay and silt sub-clay, which generally have the characteristics of high water content, high compressibility, low permeability and low strength. They must be treated during underground engineering construction to ensure construction safety. However, it is not comprehensive enough to evaluate the environmental effects caused by construction using only ground settlement indicators. Soil layer displacement must be used as a control indicator.

[0004] Soil settlement observation is divided into surface (ground) settlement observation, deep (layered) settlement observation and cross-section settlement observation; deep (layered) settlement observation of soil is mainly achieved by burying settlement markers in the soil; the buried layered settlement markers can run through the entire soft soil layer, and using the same measuring hole, the displacement changes of a certain soil layer or each soil layer can be measured.

[0005] Soil layer settlement monitoring is a commonly used monitoring method for measuring the vertical displacement of soil. It is widely used in the vertical displacement monitoring of strata in foundation pits, slopes, tunnels and road construction.

[0006] Traditional measurement methods include the deep level method, but one measuring hole can only measure the displacement change of one soil layer and is not suitable for soft soil layers;

[0007] Another traditional manual measurement method is the magnetic ring settlement method. The principle is to install a vertical standpipe (settlement tube) in the soil. A magnetic ring is set outside the standpipe at a certain distance. When the stratum moves, the magnetic ring is driven to move synchronously. The magnetic detection head in the standpipe is used to measure the initial position and the position after displacement of each magnetic ring. The two are compared to measure the displacement. The magnetic ring settlement method is usually implemented by a settlement measuring instrument. The entire measurement system includes: a probe sensitive to magnetic materials, a scale with scales, an inductive detection device, and a settlement magnetic ring and a settlement tube buried in the soil layer. The settlement measuring instrument has the characteristics of simple measurement method, easy operation, little environmental impact, and strong geological adaptability. However, since the magnetic ring is difficult to accurately fix on the standpipe, a high number of magnetic rings are used. In addition, the magnetic ring is not mechanically connected to the corresponding soil layer. The quality of the measuring hole has a great influence on the measurement accuracy, the real-time performance is poor, and automated measurement cannot be achieved.

[0008] The current measurement method that can be used for automated measurement is the linear displacement measurement method. The actual product is usually called a multi-point displacement meter. A vibrating-wire displacement meter is generally used to measure displacement. A standard multi-point displacement meter includes (1) a bored grouting anchor head (or other forms of anchor heads); (2) a stainless steel measuring rod and its protective tube; (3) a displacement meter measuring head assembly and its protective cover. When used, the multi-point displacement meter measuring head is fixed to the ground; each vibrating-wire displacement sensor is connected to the anchor head of each soil layer by a stainless steel measuring rod (with a protective tube). The position of the anchor head corresponds to different soil layers, and the number of installed anchor heads is the number of soil layers. By measuring the displacement of the anchor head, the displacement change of the soil layer (layer displacement) is obtained.

[0009] The multi-point displacement meter has limited measurement capabilities. Although the accompanying vibrating wire readout instrument can realize automatic data collection, the collection frequency is low; when the soil deformation is too large, the equipment is easily damaged; the equipment is heavy, the reliability is poor, the installation is complex and difficult, and it is easy to make mistakes; due to volume and weight limitations, a maximum of 6 anchor heads can be installed in one measuring hole; although there are different types of anchor heads, they have poor bonding strength with the measured soil layer and it is difficult to accurately reflect the actual soil layer changes.

[0010] The existing soil layer displacement measurement methods have some disadvantages, including:

[0011] 1) Currently, it mainly relies on the manual magnetic ring sedimentation method, which has a large workload and no automated testing method;

[0012] 2) In the multi-point displacement meter method, the movable anchor head in the measuring hole is actually not directly connected to the surrounding soil layer. The displacement change of the soil layer must be sensed through the backfill soil (mortar, mud), which has poor accuracy and real-time performance, especially in the initial installation when the backfill soil is unstable;

[0013] 3) The installation of multi-point displacement meters is complex and difficult, and the installation and maintenance costs are too high;

[0014] In summary, the existing measurement methods and equipment for stratified displacement of soft soil are difficult to complete the measurement of stratified displacement of soil in real time, accurately and stably, and there is no application of unified automatic measurement of stratified displacement and deep displacement of soil. Summary of the invention

[0015] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a soil 3D displacement measurement device to solve at least one problem in the prior art.

[0016] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application provides a soil 3D displacement measurement device, the device comprising: at least one measuring rod, in which one or more measuring modules are arranged; an inclinometer tube buried in the soil, each measuring rod being suspended inside the inclinometer tube by a pin; at least one magnetic ring being fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube by a water-soluble material; the measuring module comprising: a processor, a communicator, a magnetoresistive sensor, and an inclination sensor; wherein the combination of the magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic ring is used to measure the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil; the inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination data of the measuring rod; the processor is used to collect displacement data and inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator; each of the measuring modules is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal located on the ground through a power supply and a communication cable, and the data acquisition terminal is used to power each of the measuring modules and upload the collected data to the cloud.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the magnetoresistive sensor is an omnipolar magnetic switch sensor; when there are multiple magnetoresistive sensors, each magnetoresistive sensor is installed in a staggered manner and is installed on both the front and back sides of the circuit board.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the displacement range of the soil body is adjusted by installing different numbers of the magnetoresistive sensors.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the accuracy of the magnetic ring in measuring the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil can be adjusted by the distance between each of the magnetic resistance sensors.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of the magnetoresistive sensors are connected in series with adapted multi-equal value resistors to form a magnetoresistive sensor group; when the magnetic ring moves, a series resistor network is formed; wherein the measured resistance value of the series resistor network depends on the resistance value of each magnetoresistive sensor in series and the position of the magnetic ring.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the measuring module disposed in the measuring rod is installed at the same horizontal position as the magnetic ring.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the measuring rod and the inclinometer tube are placed in a detection hole pre-drilled in the ground soil, and the magnetic ring is fixed to the soil layer.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, the device includes a plurality of measuring rods, each of which can be cascaded end to end to monitor data at different depths of the soil; the measuring modules in different measuring rods are connected in series via power supplies and communication cables.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the measuring module is sealed and packaged with polyurethane, and is fixed in the measuring rod by extrusion.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, the measuring module further includes: any one or more combinations of a power supply device, a voltage detection device, a temperature sensor, and a positioning device.

[0026] In summary, the present application provides a soil 3D displacement measurement device, the device comprising: at least one measuring rod, in which one or more measuring modules are arranged; an inclinometer tube buried in the soil, each measuring rod being suspended inside the inclinometer tube by a pin; at least one magnetic ring being fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube by a water-soluble material; the measuring module comprising: a processor, a communicator, a magnetoresistive sensor, and an inclination sensor; wherein the combination of the magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic ring is used to measure the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil; the inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination data of the measuring rod; the processor is used to collect displacement data and inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator; each of the measuring modules is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal located on the ground through a power supply and a communication cable, and the data acquisition terminal is used to power each of the measuring modules and upload the collected data to the cloud.

[0027] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] Compared with the currently used vibrating-string soil layer displacement meters, fixed inclinometers, etc., the soil 3D displacement measurement device described in this application can work continuously. While realizing real-time layer displacement measurement, it can also complete the measurement of horizontal displacement of deep soil. It solves the current soil detection problems of "slow detection, inaccurate detection, and complex installation", and realizes the automatic, real-time, and continuous monitoring of internal displacement and deformation of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a soil 3D displacement measurement device in one embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 Shown is a module schematic diagram of a measurement module in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 Shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a soil 3D displacement measurement device in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed at will, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0034] In view of the above-mentioned difficulties in detecting soil layer displacement, especially soft soil, the present application provides a soil 3D displacement measurement device to solve the problem that the traditional magnetic ring settlement method cannot be measured automatically, and combines a fixed inclinometer with the magnetic ring automatic layer measurement to achieve the measurement of soil deformation in three dimensions.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil 3D displacement measurement device in an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the device includes: at least one measuring rod 1, in which one or more measuring modules 2 are arranged. When there are multiple measuring rods 1, each of the measuring rods 1 can be cascaded end to end to monitor data at different depths of the soil.

[0036] Preferably, the measuring rod 1 is mainly used as a carrier and protection for various measuring modules 2, and may also be called a smart rod, in which the integrally packaged measuring modules 2 are adapted to be installed. The measuring rod 1 serves as a carrier for the measuring module 2 on the one hand, and also as a protective member on the other hand.

[0037] It should be noted that the rigid and cascaded measuring rod 1 can ensure that the measuring module 2 is delivered to the specified depth of the soil layer for measurement; in order to ensure the measurement reliability, each section of the measuring rod 1 can be installed with one or more measuring modules 2, so that multiple measurement values ​​will be formed in one soil layer, which is conducive to the realization of accurate soil disturbance analysis; from another perspective, in order to control the monitoring cost, one or more magnetic rings 4 can also be installed in the specified soil layer, and only one measuring module 2 is installed at the horizontal position corresponding to the magnetic ring 4, so that high precision and low cost requirements can be effectively compatible.

[0038] The measuring modules 2 in different measuring rods 1 are connected in series via a power supply and a communication cable 6, and each of the measuring modules 2 is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal 7 located on the ground via a power supply and a communication cable 6, and the data acquisition terminal 7 is used to supply power to each of the measuring modules 2 and upload the collected data to the cloud.

[0039] Starting from the ground, the cascading of measuring modules 2 at deeper locations can be achieved through the cascading of measuring rods 1; on the ground, through the data acquisition terminal 7, all measurement data can be obtained through the power supply and communication cable 6 and uploaded to the cloud.

[0040] The device further comprises: an inclinometer tube 3 buried in the soil, and each measuring rod 1 is suspended inside the inclinometer tube 3 by a pin; wherein the inclinometer tube 3 is an inclinometer tube of unequal wall thickness (of standard specifications).

[0041] At least one magnetic ring 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube 3 by a water-soluble material. For example, the magnetic ring 4 is first fixed to the inclinometer tube 3 by a water-soluble material, such as a water-soluble paper tape. The magnetic ring 4 is installed together with the inclinometer tube 3 and placed in a detection hole pre-drilled on the ground soil. Then, the magnetic ring 4 and the inclinometer tube 3 are buried in the soil by backfilling the soil, and then water is poured above the magnetic ring 4. Because the water-soluble paper tape is water-soluble, the water-soluble paper tape will slowly break, so that the magnetic ring 4 can be freely moved up and down in the soil.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the measuring module 2 includes: a processor 21, a communicator 22, a magnetoresistive sensor 23, and an inclination sensor 24; wherein the combination of the magnetoresistive sensor 23 and the magnetic ring 4 is used to measure the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil; the inclination sensor 24 is used to measure the inclination data of the measuring rod 1; the processor 21 is used to collect displacement data and inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator 22.

[0043] In this embodiment, the measuring rod 1 and the inclinometer tube 3 are placed in a detection hole pre-drilled in the ground soil, and the magnetic ring 4 is fixed to the soil layer.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the up and down movement of the magnetic ring 4 can be effectively measured, the measuring module 2 set in the measuring rod 1 needs to be installed at the same horizontal position as the magnetic ring 4 during installation. Among them, in the actual installation scenario, since the installation position of the magnetic ring 4 can be temporarily fixed on the inclinometer tube, the length of the measuring rod 1 can also be fixed, and the installation position of the measuring module 2 in the measuring rod 1 can be obtained by simple calculation. In actual applications, the relative position of the measuring module 2 (specifically the magnetoresistive sensor 23) and the external magnetic ring 4 can also be adjusted by moving the measuring rod 1 up and down according to the change of the measurement data.

[0045] The magnetoresistance sensor 23 (or variable magnetoresistance sensor) is a type of inductive sensor. For example, the present application may select a tunnel magnetoresistance sensor 23 (TMR Sensor-Tunneling Magnetoresistance Sensor) switch sensor product, including bipolar and omnipolar digital output TMR switches, which can provide high sensitivity, high frequency response, ultra-low power consumption and high-precision magnetic trigger digital switches. The TMR switch sensor integrates a high-precision push-pull half-bridge TMR magnetic sensor and a CMOS integrated circuit, including a TMR voltage generator, a comparator, a Schmitt trigger and a CMOS output circuit, which can convert the changing magnetic field signal into a digital voltage signal output. The TMR switch sensor provides a temperature compensated power supply through an internal voltage regulator and allows a wide operating voltage range. The TMR switch sensor is an ideal choice for many switch applications due to its low voltage operation, extremely high response frequency, microampere-level power supply current, wide operating temperature range and high ESD withstand voltage. When more precise measurements are required, we choose magnetoresistive sensors with analog signal output, which can be used to measure displacement and size, as well as other parameters that can be converted into displacement, such as force, tension, pressure, pressure difference, strain, torque, speed and acceleration. It has high sensitivity and high resolution, and can measure mechanical displacement changes of 0.01um or even smaller, and can sense tiny angle changes as small as 0.1. The output signal of the sensor is strong, and the voltage sensitivity can generally reach hundreds of millivolts per millimeter, which is conducive to signal transmission and amplification.

[0046] In this embodiment, the magnetoresistive sensor 23 has a simple structure, has no movable electrical contact points during operation, and has a long service life.

[0047] Preferably, the magnetoresistive sensor 23 is an omnipolar magnetic switch sensor. It adopts tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) technology, open-drain output, ultra-low power consumption, 1.5μA in continuous working mode; solid-state switch, package size SOT-23, small size, easy to install, high resolution, support multiple series use; the magnetic switch sensor has an on-resistance of about 10 ohms, and when the magnetic switch sensor is turned off, the off resistance is extremely large. In the present application, the position of the magnetic ring 4 can be detected by measuring the on-resistance of the magnetoresistive sensor 23 through the processor 21, that is, the measurement of the up and down displacement of the soil layer can be achieved.

[0048] In this embodiment, when there are multiple magnetoresistive sensors 23, in order to improve the accuracy of the TMR magnetoresistive sensor 23 measurement method, each magnetoresistive sensor 23 is staggered and installed on both the front and back sides of the circuit board. Staggered installation means that the magnetoresistive sensors 23 on one side of the circuit board are staggered and installed in an orderly manner.

[0049] Furthermore, in the measurement module 2, multiple magnetoresistive sensors 23 and matching multi-equal value resistors can be connected in series to form a magnetoresistive sensor 23 group. When the magnetic ring 4 moves, a series resistance network is formed, and the measured resistance of this resistance network depends on the resistance value of each magnetic switch sensor in series and the position of the magnetic ring 4.

[0050] In this embodiment, the displacement range of the soil body is adjusted by installing different numbers of the magnetoresistive sensors 23. In addition, if it is necessary to accurately measure the up and down displacement of the soil layer at each measuring rod 1 position, the distance between the magnetoresistive sensors 23 can also be adjusted.

[0051] For example, under current process conditions, the minimum size of the magnetoresistive sensor 23 is preferably 3 mm. In this way, if 6 magnetic switch sensors are staggered and installed, assuming that more than 200 magnetic switch sensors are installed in the device, a displacement measurement with a range of 100 mm can be achieved, and the displacement measurement accuracy is better than 0.5 mm. The total current consumption of the 200 magnetic switch sensors is less than 1 mA.

[0052] In this embodiment, the measuring module 2 is also equipped with an inclination sensor 24, which can measure the displacement of two orthogonal directions of the deep soil layer by measuring the inclination change of each measuring rod 1 through geometric calculation. Combined with the corresponding soil layer displacement data measured by the magnetoresistive sensor 23, the three-dimensional deformation data of the soil at the position of the measuring rod 1 can be obtained.

[0053] In this embodiment, the measuring module 2 is sealed and packaged with polyurethane and fixed in the measuring rod 1 by extrusion. The colloid-encapsulated measuring module 2 can achieve high-level protection of internal components, which is not only waterproof and dustproof, but also has high mechanical strength. The colloid surface has high pressure resistance and can be used in soil for a long time.

[0054] Preferably, the communicator 22 adopts NB-IOT communication mode. Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IOT) has become an important branch of the Internet of Everything. NB-IOT is built on a cellular network, consumes only about 180kHz of bandwidth, and can be directly deployed on a GSM network, UMTS network or LTE network to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrades. In this application, the NB-IOT communication mode is adopted.

[0055] In this embodiment, the measuring module 2 further includes: a power supply device 25 , a voltage detection device 26 , a temperature sensor 27 , and a positioning device 28 .

[0056] Among them, the power supply device 25 can be connected to the external data acquisition terminal 7 through the power supply and communication cable 6, and the data acquisition terminal 7 supplies power to the power supply device 25; the voltage detection device 26 can monitor the power supply and working status, which is convenient for equipment management and maintenance; the temperature sensor 27 can be used for temperature data detection to assist in analyzing the soil displacement; the positioning device 28 can accurately locate and track the deployed soil 3D displacement measurement module 2.

[0057] like Figure 3 , which is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a soil 3D displacement measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] In this application, the installation process of the soil 3D displacement measurement module 2 can be briefly described as follows:

[0059] First, a detection hole (hole) is drilled on the ground soil with an engineering drilling machine, and an inclinometer tube 3 is installed in the detection hole (hole). The inclinometer tube 3 is a non-uniform wall thickness circular tube, which is a measuring tube pre-buried underground for observing the horizontal displacement inside the soil body, and a magnetic ring 4 for measurement is placed outside the inclinometer tube 3 at the position where the depth of the layered displacement soil layer needs to be measured; and a cascaded measuring rod 1 is placed in the inclinometer tube 3. Since the length of the inclinometer tube 3 and the length of the measuring rod 1 are both fixed values, the measuring module 2 can be installed at the position of the measuring rod 1 corresponding to the position of the magnetic ring 4.

[0060] The magnetic ring 4 adopts the magnetic ring used in the traditional magnetic ring sedimentation method. The magnetic ring 4 is installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube 3, fixed to the soil layer, and moves up and down with the change of the soil layer. According to the displacement of the stratum, the magnetic ring 4 is driven to move up and down synchronously, and the displacement of the magnetic ring 4 is detected by the magnetic resistance sensor 23 installed on the axis of the measuring rod 1, so as to realize the measurement of the stratified displacement of the soil. At the same time, the measurement of the deep displacement of the soil can also be realized by detecting the angle change of the inclination sensor 24 fixedly installed in the measuring rod 1; in this way, at the soil position where the magnetic ring 4 is installed, the three-dimensional measurement of the section of soil can be realized (the horizontal displacement of the deep soil in two orthogonal directions and the stratified displacement measurement). The measuring module 2 and the power supply and communication cable 6 are protected in the measuring rod 1, and the reliability is high.

[0061] In addition, each of the measurement modules 2 is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal 7 located on the ground through a power supply and a communication cable 6, and the data acquisition terminal 7 is used to power each of the measurement modules 2 and upload the collected data to the cloud. Preferably, the ground-based data acquisition terminal 7 can be a conventional wireless detection device, which powers each of the measurement modules 2, completes data information collection and uploads it to the cloud.

[0062] It should be noted that compared with the prior art, the main features of this application include:

[0063] 1) Arbitrary cascade mode, which can measure the layered displacement of the specified soil depth (different soil layers);

[0064] 2) The measurement module 2 detects the position change of the magnetic ring 4 to measure the displacement of the soil layer, which has high reliability and high accuracy;

[0065] 3) It can be combined with the fixed inclination measurement module 2 to simultaneously complete soil layer displacement measurement and deep soil level measurement in the same inclinometer hole, realizing three-dimensional soil displacement monitoring (automatic monitoring is not realized at present);

[0066] Compared with the currently used vibrating string soil layer displacement meter, fixed inclinometer and other methods, this application can work continuously, and completes the measurement of deep soil horizontal displacement while realizing real-time layer displacement measurement. The soil 3D displacement measurement module 2 described in this application solves the current soil deformation monitoring problems of "slow detection, inaccurate detection, and complex installation", and realizes automatic, real-time, and continuous monitoring of soil internal displacement deformation.

[0067] In summary, the present application provides a soil 3D displacement measurement device, which includes: at least one measuring rod, in which one or more measuring modules are arranged; an inclinometer tube buried in the soil, each measuring rod is suspended inside the inclinometer tube by a pin; at least one magnetic ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube by a water-soluble material; the measuring module includes: a processor, a communicator, a magnetoresistive sensor, and an inclination sensor; wherein the combination of the magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic ring is used to measure the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil; the inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination data of the measuring rod; the processor is used to collect displacement data and inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator; each of the measuring modules is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal located on the ground through a power supply and a communication cable, and the data acquisition terminal is used to power each of the measuring modules and upload the collected data to the cloud.

[0068] The present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0069] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present application shall still be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A soil 3D displacement measurement device, characterized in that: The device comprises: at least one measuring rod, in which one or more measuring modules are arranged; An inclinometer tube buried in the soil, wherein each measuring rod is suspended inside the inclinometer tube by a pin; at least one magnetic ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the inclinometer tube by a water-soluble material; and the measuring module arranged in the measuring rod is installed at the same horizontal position as the magnetic ring; The measuring module includes: a processor, a communicator, a magnetoresistive sensor, and a tilt sensor; The combination of the magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic ring is used to measure the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil; the inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination data of the measuring rod; the processor is used to collect the displacement data and the inclination data, and transmit them through the communicator; The magnetoresistive sensor is an omnipolar magnetic switch sensor; when there are multiple magnetoresistive sensors, each magnetoresistive sensor is staggeredly installed and installed on both the front and back sides of the circuit board; A plurality of the magnetoresistive sensors are connected in series with a plurality of adapted equal-value resistors to form a magnetoresistive sensor group; when the magnetic ring moves, a series resistor network is formed; wherein the measured resistance value of the series resistor network depends on the resistance value of each magnetoresistive sensor in series and the position of the magnetic ring; Each of the measurement modules is connected in series to a data acquisition terminal located on the ground through a power supply and a communication cable. The data acquisition terminal is used to supply power to each of the measurement modules and upload the collected data to the cloud.

2. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement range of the soil body can be adjusted by installing different numbers of the magnetoresistive sensors.

3. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accuracy of the magnetic ring in measuring the displacement data of the upper and lower layers of the soil can be adjusted by the distance between the magnetic resistance sensors.

4. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring rod and the inclinometer tube are placed in a detection hole pre-drilled on the ground soil.

5. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device comprises a plurality of measuring rods, each of which can be cascaded end to end to monitor data at different depths of the soil; the measuring modules in different measuring rods are connected in series via power supplies and communication cables.

6. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring module is sealed and packaged with polyurethane and fixed in the measuring rod by extrusion.

7. The soil 3D displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring module further includes: any one or more combinations of a power supply device, a voltage detection device, a temperature sensor, and a positioning device.

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