Rolling bearing cage and rolling bearing

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearings, and relates to a rolling bearing cage, including a cage body, the cage including two half cages arranged in abutment, the two half cages being fastened and connected by rivets, a plurality of ball pockets being evenly arranged on each half cage, steel balls being matched and arranged in the ball pockets, the diameter Dw of the steel balls, the radius R of the ball pockets, and the depth H of the ball pockets satisfying: 0.543≥R / Dw≥0.531, 0.512≥H / Dw≥0.505. The cage can solve the problems that the cage is prone to breakage and disintegration when the existing rolling bearing works under large vibration, unbalanced rotation load or tilted assembly conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearings, and relates to a rolling bearing retainer and a rolling bearing using the rolling bearing retainer. Background Art

[0002] Rolling bearings are precision mechanical components that connect the rotating shaft and the bearing seat. They include an outer ring, an inner ring, multiple steel balls, and a cage. The outer ring inner surface is provided with an outer ring raceway, and the inner ring outer surface is provided with an inner ring raceway. The cage clamps multiple steel balls and distributes them evenly between the inner and outer ring raceways in the circumferential direction. When installed and used, the shaft is installed in the inner hole of the inner ring. Generally, the inner ring rotates with the shaft; the outer surface of the outer ring is installed in the bearing seat hole. When the bearing is working, the steel balls rotate between the inner and outer ring raceways while revolving in the circumferential direction with the cage.

[0003] In cement road breaking machines, electric tools, general engine crankshafts and other applications, rolling bearings are often subjected to large vibrations or unbalanced rotational loads. As a result, the cage often breaks or falls apart, causing the bearing to get stuck, causing the main machine to shut down and lose its function. In addition, since the axis lines of the shaft and the bearing seat hole are tilted to each other, the axis lines of the inner and outer rings of the rolling bearing are tilted to each other, that is, when the bearing is working in a tilted assembly state, the bearing cage is also prone to breakage.

[0004] The utility model patent authorization announcement number of China: CN205895920 U, authorization announcement date: January 18, 2017, and entitled "Rolling bearing cage" discloses a cage, characterized in that the rivet holes of the flat joint parts of the two corrugated cages are respectively conical, and when riveting, the large diameter sides of the opposing conical rivet holes are opposite to each other to improve the riveting workability and prevent poor riveting.

[0005] The utility model patent authorization announcement number of China: CN206439302 U, authorization announcement date: August 25, 2017, and the utility model patent entitled "A high-load deep groove ball bearing and its cage" discloses a cage. The characteristic is that the flat parts of the two-lobed corrugated cage are connected in the axial direction by a rectangular rivet with a step, so that the flat parts of the two-lobed corrugated cage are arranged at intervals, so that the number of ball pockets in the cage circumferential direction can be increased without changing the diameter of the steel balls, that is, the number of steel balls is increased, and the load bearing capacity of the bearing is improved.

[0006] The Chinese utility model patent authorization announcement number: CN209469714 U, authorization announcement date: October 8, 2019, and the utility model patent named "A deep groove ball bearing cage" discloses a cage. The characteristic is that an oil storage tank is provided on the inner wall of the ball pocket of the cage, and a heat dissipation hole is opened on the ball pocket, and graphite is filled in the heat dissipation hole to improve the lubrication between the steel ball and the ball pocket.

[0007] However, none of the above utility model patents solves the problem of cage fracture when the bearing is working under vibration or tilted assembly conditions. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a rolling bearing cage, which can solve the problems that the existing rolling bearing cage is prone to breakage and disintegration when working under large vibration, unbalanced rotation load or tilted assembly conditions.

[0009] According to the technical solution of the present invention: a rolling bearing cage, including a cage body, the cage includes two half cages arranged in abutment with each other, the two half cages are fastened together by rivets, and each of the half cages is evenly provided with a plurality of ball pockets, and steel balls are matched in the ball pockets, characterized in that: the diameter Dw of the steel ball, the radius R of the ball pocket, and the depth H of the ball pocket satisfy: 0.543≥ R / Dw ≥0.531, 0.512≥ H / Dw ≥0.505.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the retaining frame is made of low carbon steel or stainless steel.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the steel ball is made of bearing steel, ceramic or stainless steel.

[0012] The rolling bearing cage can solve the cage breakage problem when the bearing works under vibration or tilted assembly conditions.

[0013] A second object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing comprising the above-mentioned rolling bearing retainer.

[0014] Furthermore, two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open.

[0015] Furthermore, a seal is provided on one or both axial end faces of the rolling bearing.

[0016] Furthermore, the sealing element is made of metal material.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing element is a combination of a metal material and any one of nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber and fluororubber.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a metal smooth surface or is provided with grooves or an adhesive coating.

[0019] The bearing using the above-mentioned retainer achieves a reasonable amount of movement between the steel ball and the ball pocket in the circumferential direction during operation. Even if the rolling bearing operates under vibration, unbalanced rotating load or tilted assembly conditions, the retainer will not break or fall apart, thereby extending the service life of the machinery or machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rolling bearing cage in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the geometric structure of the half cage.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 CC section view.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rolling bearing in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5a~5c This is a schematic diagram of the force on the cage when the rolling bearing is working.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the relationship between the cage pocket radius, pocket depth and cage life. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figures 1 to 6 The bearing assembly includes an outer ring 1, an outer ring raceway 11, an inner ring 2, an inner ring raceway 22, a steel ball 3, a retainer body 4, a half retainer 44, a ball pocket 5, a flat portion 6, a rivet 7, a rivet hole 8, a shaft 9, a bearing seat 10, etc.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention is a rolling bearing cage, including a cage body 4, the cage 4 includes two half cages 44 arranged in abutment, the two half cages 44 are fastened and connected by rivets 7, and a plurality of ball pockets 5 are evenly arranged on each of the half cages 44. It can be understood that a flat portion 6 is arranged on the half cage 44 corresponding to between two adjacent ball pockets 5, and a rivet hole is arranged through the flat portion 6. The rivet 7 passes through the rivet holes 8 on the two half cages 44 to fasten the two half cages 44. It can be understood that the ball pockets 5 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0029] The ball pocket 5 is provided with a steel ball 3, and the diameter Dw of the steel ball 3, the radius R of the ball pocket 5, and the depth H of the ball pocket 5 satisfy: 0.543≥ R / Dw ≥0.531, 0.512≥ H / Dw ≥0.505.

[0030] In order to ensure that the retainer 4 has sufficient strength, the retainer 4 is made of low-carbon steel or stainless steel, and the steel balls 3 are made of bearing steel or ceramic or stainless steel.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown in Figures 5 and 5, the present invention also discloses a rolling bearing, and the technical solution includes the above-mentioned rolling bearing retainer.

[0032] The two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open, and sealing elements are arranged on one or both axial end faces of the rolling bearing.

[0033] The sealing element is made of metal material, and the sealing element is a combination of metal material and any one of nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber and fluororubber.

[0034] The outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a smooth metal surface or is provided with grooves or an adhesive coating.

[0035] See also Figure 5a In general, the cage 4 is guided by the steel balls 3. The cage 4 is in a free state and rotates clockwise under the guidance of the steel balls 3. In other words, the rotation speed of the cage 4 is equal to the revolution speed of the steel balls 3. Under general working conditions and normal assembly conditions, each steel ball 3 revolves at the same revolution speed and contacts the cage ball pocket on the rotation direction side, i.e., the C1 side. Each steel ball 3 drives the cage 4 to rotate in the same direction with the same driving force. In fact, due to the difference in the manufacturing precision of the bearing parts, the driving force of each steel ball 3 is slightly different, but it is not enough to break or fall apart the cage 4.

[0036] However, when the rolling bearing is used for work with large vibration, unbalanced rotation load, bending moment load, or due to the structural reasons of the rolling bearing installation part, the axis of the inner and outer rings of the rolling bearing is tilted, that is, when the so-called tilted assembly occurs, the position of the steel ball 3 in the circumferential direction is different, and the contact angle between the steel ball 3 and the inner and outer rings is also different, resulting in some steel balls moving a long distance per unit time, and some steel balls moving a short distance. So, it will happen Figure 5b , Figure 5c situation.

[0037] See also Figure 5b , the distance that steel ball B1 moves forward is longer than that of steel ball B2, so steel ball B1 contacts the cage pocket C1 side, driving the cage to revolve, but steel ball B2 contacts the cage C2 side, hindering the cage from revolving. Therefore, cage 4 has to bear tensile stress.

[0038] See also Figure 5c , the distance that steel ball B1 moves forward is shorter than that of steel ball B2, so steel ball B2 contacts the retainer C1 side, driving retainer 4 to revolve. However, steel ball B1 contacts the retainer C2 side, hindering the rotation of retainer 4. Therefore, retainer 4 has to bear compressive stress.

[0039] During the rotation of the bearing, Figure 5b , Figure 5c The cage shown in the scenario is subjected to repeated tensile and compressive stresses, which eventually lead to cage fracture.

[0040] To eliminate Figure 5b , Figure 5c In this case, for a given steel ball diameter Dw, when the ball pocket radius R and the ball pocket depth H satisfy the following formulas at the same time: 0.543≥ R / Dw ≥0.531, 0.512≥ H / Dw ≥0.505, the retainer body 4 can obtain a reasonable amount of movement in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing excessive tensile and compressive stresses from being generated in the retainer body 4, and further preventing the retainer body 4 from breaking or even falling apart.

[0041] Preferably, when the ball pocket radius R and the ball pocket depth H satisfy the following formula at the same time, the effect of overcoming the fracture of the retaining frame is better.

[0042] 0.543 ≥ R / Dw ≥ 0.531,

[0043] 0.512>H / Dw≥0.507.

[0044] The two end faces of the rolling bearing may be open, that is, the two end faces of the rolling bearing are not provided with any sealing parts such as metal dust covers, rubber sealing rings, etc. This situation is suitable for oil lubrication occasions.

[0045] A seal is arranged on one or both end faces of the rolling bearing to prevent foreign matter from invading the interior of the bearing and prevent grease leakage, thereby extending the service life of the bearing. This situation is suitable for occasions of grease lubrication.

[0046] The material of the seal is a metal material, or a combination of a metal material and any of nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, and fluororubber. The seal made of metal material has low cost and is easy to process, but can only achieve non-contact sealing, that is, the seal has no physical contact with the inner ring 2 of the bearing, and the dustproof performance is average; the seal made of a combination of metal material and rubber can achieve contact sealing, that is, the rubber sealing lip of the seal is in contact with the inner ring 2 of the bearing, and has good dustproof and waterproof performance, but the cost is increased.

[0047] Nine types of rolling bearings specified in the national standard (GB) were selected, and the bearing types are 6000, 6200, 6202, 6203, 6205, 63 / 28, 6207, 6302 and 6311. These bearings use the steel ball diameter (Dw) commonly used in the industry, and the ball pocket radius R and ball pocket depth H of the cage used in the nine types of bearings are designed respectively, and rolling bearing samples are made. Then, life comparison tests under large vibration and tilted assembly conditions are carried out to evaluate the fracture of the cage. The results are shown in Figure 6 In the figure, the quality of the cage evaluation result is indicated by the life ratio, that is, the ratio of the life time of the cage of the present invention (indicated by ● symbol) to the life time of the cage of the prior design (assuming it is 1, indicated by × symbol).

[0048] according to Figure 6 According to the test results, when the ball pocket radius R and the ball pocket depth H simultaneously satisfy 0.543≥R / Dw≥0.531 and 0.512≥H / Dw≥0.505, the life of the retainer of the present invention is 2 to 3.8 times that of the retainer of the existing design.

[0049] according to Figure 6 According to the test results, when the ball pocket radius R and the ball pocket depth H simultaneously satisfy 0.543≥R / Dw≥0.531 and 0.512>H / Dw≥0.507, the life of the retainer of the present invention is 2.8 to 3.8 times that of the retainer of the existing design.

[0050] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the above structures should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling bearing cage, comprising a cage body (4), the cage body (4) comprising two half cages (44) arranged in abutment with each other, the two half cages (44) being fastened together by rivets (7), a plurality of ball pockets (5) being evenly arranged on each of the half cages (44), steel balls (3) being arranged in the ball pockets (5), characterized in that: The diameter Dw of the steel ball (3), the radius R of the ball pocket (5), and the depth H of the ball pocket (5) satisfy: 0.543 ≥ R / Dw ≥ 0.531, 0.512 ≥ H / Dw ≥ 0.

505.

2. The rolling bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retainer body (4) is made of low carbon steel or stainless steel.

3. The rolling bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel ball (3) is made of bearing steel, ceramic or stainless steel.

4. A rolling bearing, characterized in that: It comprises the rolling bearing cage as claimed in claim 1.

5. The rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open.

6. The rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing member is arranged on one or both axial end faces of the rolling bearing.

7. The rolling bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing element is made of metal material.

8. The rolling bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing element is a combination of metal material and any one of nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber and fluororubber.

9. The rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a metal smooth surface or is provided with grooves or an adhesive coating.

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