System and method for producing carbon nanoparticles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a production system and method for carbon nanoparticles. The production system for carbon nanoparticles disclosed in the present invention comprises a carbon source air inlet pipe, at least one group of superelectrode flow reactors, a separator and a product storage tank connected in sequence; each group of superelectrode flow reactors consists of a positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor and a negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor connected in series in sequence through a connecting pipe along the airflow direction. The present invention also discloses a method for producing carbon nanoparticles using the production system. The production system uses superelectrode flow to discharge gas, has a large processing capacity, low energy consumption, and high carbon dioxide decomposition efficiency. The method can produce carbon nanoparticles with high by-product quality, small defects, and meeting industrial needs, and the production scale can be expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a system and method for producing carbon nanoparticles. Background Art

[0002] The basic technical means for reducing carbon dioxide emissions include: (1) CO2 separation technology before combustion; (2) CO2 capture and separation technology; (3) CO2 capture and storage technology (CCS); and (4) CO2 ore carbonization and industrial utilization technology.

[0003] Among them, the pre-combustion CO2 separation technology mainly refers to separating carbon from the fuel before the fuel is burned. The fuel involved in the combustion is mainly H2, so that the fuel does not produce CO2 during the combustion process. The capture and separation technologies of CO2 mainly include absorption, adsorption, oxygen-enriched combustion, low-temperature fractionation and membrane separation. Capture and storage technology refers to collecting CO2 from the source of CO2 emissions and sealing it in a specific place. Ore carbonization is the use of chemical reactions to convert CO2 into solid inorganic carbonates. Industrial use is to use it directly or in the form of producing various carbon-containing chemical fillers.

[0004] The current treatment of carbon dioxide has the following problems: (1) It is impossible to treat carbon dioxide on a large scale; (2) It is impossible to treat carbon dioxide at a low cost; (3) It is impossible to obtain high-value by-products while treating carbon dioxide; and (4) The treatment efficiency of carbon dioxide is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art in that the cost of carbon dioxide treatment is high, the efficiency is low, the large-area treatment cannot be carried out, and the high-value byproducts cannot be obtained, and a production system and method of carbon nanoparticles are provided. The production system uses superelectrode flow to discharge gas, has a large processing capacity, low energy consumption, and high carbon dioxide decomposition efficiency. The method can produce high-quality byproducts with small defects and carbon nanoparticles that meet industrial needs, and the production scale can be expanded.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a production system of carbon nanoparticles, comprising a carbon source air intake pipe, at least one set of superelectron flow reactors, a separator and a product storage tank connected in sequence;

[0008] Each group of superelectron flow reactors is composed of a positive polarity superelectron flow reactor and a negative polarity superelectron flow reactor which are sequentially connected in series through a connecting pipe along the airflow direction;

[0009] The positive polarity superelectron flow reactor comprises a first insulating shell having a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first inlet is connected to the carbon source air inlet pipe; at least one group of discharge components is arranged in the first insulating shell, wherein the discharge components comprises at least one PCB board with discharge needles evenly distributed on both sides thereof and two discharge plates arranged on both sides of the PCB board, wherein the discharge needles are evenly distributed on the side of the discharge plate opposite to the PCB board;

[0010] In the discharge assembly, a parallel gas channel is formed between the PCB board and the discharge board, the gas inlet of the gas channel is communicated with the first inlet, and the gas outlet of the gas channel is communicated with the first outlet;

[0011] The negative polarity superelectron flow reactor includes a second insulating shell having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet is connected to the first outlet of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor, and the second outlet is connected to the separator; a conductive layer and at least two hollow electrodes are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside in the second insulating shell.

[0012] The production system of the present invention significantly increases the voltage difference and the kinetic energy of electrons by alternately arranging positive polarity superelectron flow reactors and negative polarity superelectron flow reactors, thereby significantly improving the ability to decompose carbon sources.

[0013] The decomposition efficiency of the carbon source is related to the number of groups of the superelectron flow reactors. Preferably, the number of groups of the superelectron flow reactors is more than 2. More preferably, the number of groups of the superelectron flow reactors is more than 5.

[0014] When there are more than one group of superelectric flow reactors, they can be connected in series or in parallel through pipelines as needed, preferably in series through connecting pipelines.

[0015] The length of the connecting pipe is related to the flow rate of the carbon source. Preferably, when the flow rate of the carbon source in the carbon source inlet pipe is below 1m / s, the length of the connecting pipe is at least 2m; when the flow rate of the carbon source in the carbon source inlet pipe is greater than 1m / s and below 5m / s, the length of the connecting pipe is at least 3m.

[0016] In the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor, the number of the discharge components is at least one. When the number of the discharge components is more than one, the discharge components are connected in parallel.

[0017] In the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the number of the PCB boards is at least 1. When the number of the PCB boards is more than one, the PCB boards are connected in parallel.

[0018] Preferably, the PCB board and the discharge board are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of a first high-voltage DC power supply, and the negative electrode of the first high-voltage DC power supply is grounded.

[0019] In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the hollow electrodes each include a plurality of discharge rings connected end to end. Preferably, the discharge rings each have a discharge tip, which is beneficial to increasing the power density of the superelectrode flow released by the hollow electrode.

[0020] In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the hollow electrodes are mutually sleeved. Preferably, any one of the hollow electrodes is connected to the negative electrode of a second high voltage DC power supply, and the positive electrode of the second high voltage DC power supply is grounded.

[0021] Preferably, the separator comprises at least one spray tower and a drying device, the bottom outlet of the spray tower is connected to the inlet of the drying device, and the outlet of the drying device is connected to the product storage tank. The carbon nanoparticles obtained by the reaction are collected by the spray tower, dried by the drying device, and then sent to the product storage tank.

[0022] The drying device may be a conventional drying device in the art. Preferably, the drying device is a freeze drying device or a vacuum drying device.

[0023] When there are multiple spray towers, they can be connected in series or in parallel as needed. Preferably, to ensure continuous production, there are two spray towers, which are connected in parallel to facilitate switching when taking materials and maintain continuous production.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for producing carbon nanoparticles using the production system, comprising: using carbon dioxide-containing gas as a carbon source, entering the supercharger flow reactor through the carbon source air inlet pipe; the decomposed mixture enters the separator, and the collected carbon nanoparticles are sent to a product storage tank.

[0025] The present invention uses superelectron flow to discharge the carbon source, regards the gas entering the superelectron flow reactor as zero potential, and makes micro-discharge with the high-voltage electrode in the superelectron flow reactor. By setting the adjacent superelectron flow reactors to opposite polarities, the voltage difference is doubled. The substance flowing out of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor is positively charged, and the positively charged substance is decomposed into oxygen and carbon nanoparticles at the moment of flowing into the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor.

[0026] Preferably, the volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the carbon source is 1% or more. More preferably, the volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the carbon source is 99% or more. Using a gas with a purity higher than 99% is beneficial to improving the purity of the carbon nanoparticle product.

[0027] The flow rate of the carbon source can significantly affect the decomposition efficiency of the carbon source. Preferably, the flow rate of the carbon source is below 5 m / s; more preferably, the flow rate of the carbon source is below 1 m / s.

[0028] Preferably, the air volume of the carbon source is 100-200000m 3 / h.

[0029] Preferably, the carbon nanomaterial production system is installed in a Class 10-1000 clean room.

[0030] Preferably, the carbon nanoparticles are in a single-layer flake structure with a flake diameter of 0.1 μm to 50 μm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1.2 nm.

[0031] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the "decomposition efficiency" of the carbon source refers to the percentage of decomposition of the carbon source entering the production system of the present invention, and the decomposition efficiency = (VOL1-VOL2) / VOL1, wherein VOL1 refers to the volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the carbon source entering the production system of the present invention, and VOL2 refers to the volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the gas leaving the production system of the present invention.

[0033] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0034] (1) The supercharged plasma reactor of the present invention does not generate ozone during its operation, has explosion-proof function, and the electrodes in the cavity have self-cleaning ability, making the equipment easy to maintain. The production system of the present invention has low energy consumption, and the power consumption is only 1 / 100 of that of a traditional plasma reactor.

[0035] (2) The production system of the present invention can produce carbon nanoparticles of extremely high quality, few defects, and meeting industrial needs; the process is stable, the cost is low, and the equipment has a long life; the production scale can be expanded and the process can be replicated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a production system for carbon nanoparticles according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superelectric flow reactor of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positive polarity superelectron flow reactor according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a negative polarity superelectron flow reactor according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow electrode of a negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a SEM image of carbon nanoparticles prepared in Example 1;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is an AFM image of the carbon nanoparticles prepared in Application Example 1.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 1-carbon source air inlet pipe, 2-connecting pipeline, 3-separator, 4-product storage tank;

[0047] 11- positive polarity superelectron flow reactor, 12- negative polarity superelectron flow reactor;

[0048] 101-first inlet, 102-first outlet, 103-first insulating shell, 104-PCB board, 105-discharge plate, 106-discharge needle, 107-first high-voltage DC power supply;

[0049] 111 - second inlet, 112 - second outlet, 113 - second insulating shell, 114 - conductive layer, 115, 116, 117 and 118 - hollow electrodes, 119 - discharge ring;

[0050] 31- spray tower, 32- drying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are carried out according to conventional methods and conditions, or selected according to the product specifications.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a carbon nanoparticle production system, including a carbon source air intake pipe 1 connected in sequence, two groups of superelectrode flow reactors connected in series through a connecting pipe 2, a separator 3 and a product storage tank 4.

[0054] Each group of superelectron flow reactors consists of a positive polarity superelectron flow reactor 11 and a negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12 which are connected in series in sequence through connecting pipes along the air flow direction.

[0055] The positive polarity superelectron flow reactor 11 comprises a first insulating shell 103 having a first inlet 101 and a first outlet 102; two groups of discharge components are arranged in the first insulating shell 103, and the discharge components include a PCB board 104 with discharge needles 106 evenly distributed on both sides and two discharge plates 105 arranged on both sides of the PCB board, and the discharge plates 105 are evenly distributed on the side opposite to the PCB board 104 with discharge needles 106;

[0056] A parallel gas channel is formed between the PCB board 104 and the discharge board 105; the gas inlet of the gas channel is connected to the first inlet 101, and the gas outlet of the gas channel is connected to the first outlet 102;

[0057] The PCB board 104 and the two discharge boards 105 are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of a first high-voltage DC power supply 107 , and the negative electrode of the first high-voltage DC power supply 107 is grounded.

[0058] The negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12 includes a second insulating shell 113 having a second inlet 111 and a second outlet 112, wherein the first inlet 101 of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor 11 is connected to the carbon source inlet pipe 1, the first outlet 102 is connected to the second inlet 111 of the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12, and the second outlet 112 of the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12 is connected to the separator 3.

[0059] A conductive layer 114 and four mutually sleeved hollow electrodes 115 - 118 are coaxially arranged in the second insulating shell 113 from outside to inside.

[0060] Since the voltage inside the negative polarity superelectric flow reactor 12 is relatively high, the second insulating shell 113 is easily broken down. In order to increase the life of the second insulating shell 113 and improve the electronic function inside the reactor, a conductive layer 114 is provided between the second insulating shell 113 and the hollow electrode 115. The materials of the second insulating shell 113 and the conductive layer 114 can be selected as needed. In this embodiment, the material of the second insulating shell 113 is PVC, and the material of the conductive layer 114 is stainless steel.

[0061] Each of the hollow electrodes 115 - 118 includes a plurality of discharge rings 119 connected end to end and having a discharge sharp edge.

[0062] The hollow electrode 116 located in the middle layer is connected to the negative electrode of a second high-voltage DC power supply, and the positive electrode of the second high-voltage DC power supply is grounded.

[0063] The separator 3 includes two spray towers 31 connected in parallel and a drying device 32 connected thereto. The gas outlet of the spray tower 31 is the gas outlet of the production system, which discharges excess gas. The bottom outlet of each spray tower 31 is respectively connected to the inlet of the drying device 32, and the outlet of the drying device 32 is connected to the product storage tank 4.

[0064] The drying device 32 is a freeze drying device, which can be selected according to needs during specific production.

[0065] Application Example 1

[0066] Carbon nanoparticles were produced using the production system of Example 1, wherein there were 5 groups of superelectrode flow reactors, and the appearance dimensions of the positive superelectrode flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectrode flow reactor 12 were both 4m*1.5m*1.2m (length*width*height). The length of the connecting pipe between the positive superelectrode flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectrode flow reactor 12 was 3m. The positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor 11 has a simple structure, and its PCB board and discharge plate have a large contact area with the gas, and a large processing capacity; the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor 12 increases the superelectrode flow release area by designing multiple coaxially arranged hollow electrodes, so that the carbon source is concentratedly decomposed in the reactor.

[0067] Specific production methods include:

[0068] (1) The carbon source air inlet pipe is connected to the flue outlet. After conventional treatment, the exhaust gas at the flue outlet has a CO2 volume percentage of 10%. At a wind speed of 5 m / s, 1000 m 3 / h of air flow enters the superelectron flow reactor through the carbon source inlet for decomposition;

[0069] (2) In the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor 11, the working voltage of the first high-voltage DC power supply is 150KV, and the working current is 0.2A. The electrical property of the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor 11 is reducing, which can make most of the substances passing through the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor 11 carry positive charge.

[0070] In the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12, the working voltage of the second high voltage DC power supply is 150KV, and the working current is 0.2A. By setting the adjacent superelectron flow reactors to opposite polarities, the voltage difference is doubled, and the substances flowing out of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor 11 are positively charged, and the positively charged substances are decomposed at the moment of flowing into the negative polarity superelectron flow reactor 12.

[0071] The mixture obtained by decomposition by 5 groups of superelectrode flow reactors enters the spray tower and is sprayed with deionized water. The carbon nanoparticles in the mixture are entrained to the bottom of the spray tower and transported to the freeze-drying device for drying. The collected carbon nanoparticles are sent to the product storage tank, and the excess gas is discharged through the gas outlet.

[0072] Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the carbon nanoparticles after freeze drying. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the obtained carbon nanoparticles are single-layer flaky film materials with uniform thickness and a flake diameter of 0.4 μm to 1.5 μm, and are flaky carbon nanomaterials of excellent quality.

[0073] Atomic force microscopy was used to characterize the carbon nanomaterials after freeze drying. Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the surface of the carbon nanomaterial is relatively smooth, and the lumps in the figure are attached impurities. Fig. 9 The height difference between the two corresponding points is 0.977nm.

[0074] The decomposition efficiency of the carbon nanoparticle production system is 50%, the monthly power consumption of the equipment is 158.4KW (calculated based on 24 hours a day and 30 days of production a month), and the monthly output of carbon nanoparticles is 17.65 tons.

[0075] Application Example 2

[0076] Compared with Application Example 1, the difference is that in the production system used, there are 6 groups of superelectron flow reactors, and the appearance dimensions of the positive superelectron flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectron flow reactor 12 are both 4.5m*2.5m*2m (length*width*height). The length of the connecting pipe between the positive superelectron flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectron flow reactor 12 is 3m.

[0077] Specific production methods include:

[0078] (1) The volume percentage of CO2 in the carbon source is 15%, with a wind speed of 5 m / s and a wind speed of 10000 m 3 / h of air flow enters the superelectron flow reactor through the carbon source inlet for decomposition;

[0079] (2) In the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the working voltage of the first high voltage DC power supply is 200KV and the working current is 0.8A.

[0080] In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the working voltage of the second high voltage DC power supply is 200KV and the working current is 0.8A.

[0081] The mixture obtained by decomposition by 6 groups of superelectrode flow reactors enters the spray tower and is sprayed with deionized water. The carbon nanoparticles in the mixture are entrained to the bottom of the spray tower and transported to the freeze-drying device for drying. The collected carbon nanoparticles are sent to the product storage tank, and the remaining gas is discharged through the gas outlet.

[0082] The decomposition efficiency of the carbon nanoparticle production system is 60%, the monthly power consumption of the equipment is 760KW (calculated based on 24 hours a day and 30 days of production a month), and the monthly output of carbon nanoparticles is 317.8 tons.

[0083] Application Example 3

[0084] Compared with Application Example 1, the difference is that in the production system used, there are 6 groups of superelectron flow reactors, and the appearance dimensions of the positive superelectron flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectron flow reactor 12 are both 4.5m*5m*10m (length*width*height). The length of the connecting pipe between the positive superelectron flow reactor 11 and the negative superelectron flow reactor 12 is 3m.

[0085] Specific production methods include:

[0086] (1) The volume percentage of CO2 in the carbon source is 20%, with a wind speed of 5 m / s and a wind speed of 100,000 m 3 / h of air flow enters the superelectron flow reactor through the carbon source inlet for decomposition;

[0087] (2) In the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor 11, the working voltage of the first high-voltage DC power supply is 200KV and the working current is 7A.

[0088] In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor 12, the working voltage of the second high voltage DC power supply is 200KV and the working current is 7A.

[0089] The mixture obtained by decomposition by 6 groups of superelectrode flow reactors enters the spray tower and is sprayed with deionized water. The carbon nanoparticles in the mixture are entrained to the bottom of the spray tower and transported to the freeze-drying device for drying. The collected carbon nanoparticles are sent to the product storage tank, and the remaining gas is discharged through the gas outlet.

[0090] The decomposition efficiency of the carbon nanoparticle production system is 60%, the monthly power consumption of the equipment is 6652.8KW (calculated based on 24 hours a day and 30 days of production a month), and the monthly output of carbon nanoparticles is 4236.7 tons.

[0091] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for producing carbon nanoparticles, characterized in that: It includes a carbon source air inlet pipe, at least one set of superelectron flow reactor, a separator and a product storage tank connected in sequence; Each group of superelectron flow reactors is composed of a positive polarity superelectron flow reactor and a negative polarity superelectron flow reactor which are sequentially connected in series through a connecting pipe along the airflow direction; The positive polarity superelectron flow reactor comprises a first insulating shell having a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first inlet is connected to the carbon source air inlet pipe; at least one group of discharge components is arranged in the first insulating shell, wherein the discharge components comprises at least one PCB board with discharge needles evenly distributed on both sides thereof and two discharge plates arranged on both sides of the PCB board, wherein the discharge needles are evenly distributed on the side of the discharge plate opposite to the PCB board; In the discharge assembly, a parallel gas channel is formed between the PCB board and the discharge board, the gas inlet of the gas channel is communicated with the first inlet, and the gas outlet of the gas channel is communicated with the first outlet; The negative polarity superelectron flow reactor includes a second insulating shell having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet is connected to the first outlet of the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor, and the second outlet is connected to the separator; a conductive layer and at least two hollow electrodes are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside in the second insulating shell.

2. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of groups of the superelectric flow reactors is more than 2, and the superelectric flow reactors are connected in series through connecting pipes; When the flow rate of the carbon source in the carbon source inlet pipe is below 1 m / s, the length of the connecting pipe is at least 2 m; when the flow rate of the carbon source in the carbon source inlet pipe is greater than 1 m / s and below 5 m / s, the length of the connecting pipe is at least 3 m.

3. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of groups of the superelectric flow reactors is 5 or more; In the positive polarity superelectron flow reactor, the number of the discharge components is at least one, and when the number of the discharge components is more than one, the discharge components are connected in parallel; In the positive polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the number of the PCB boards is at least one; when the number of the PCB boards is more than one, the PCB boards are connected in parallel.

4. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB board and the discharge board are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of a first high-voltage DC power supply, and the negative electrode of the first high-voltage DC power supply is grounded; In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the hollow electrodes are mutually sleeved, and any one of the hollow electrodes is connected to the negative pole of a second high-voltage DC power supply, and the positive pole of the second high-voltage DC power supply is grounded.

5. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the negative polarity superelectrode flow reactor, the hollow electrodes each include a plurality of discharge rings connected end to end; and the discharge rings each have a discharge sharp edge.

6. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separator comprises at least one spray tower and a drying device, the bottom outlet of the spray tower is communicated with the inlet of the drying device, and the outlet of the drying device is connected to the product storage tank.

7. The carbon nanoparticle production system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying device is a freeze drying device or a vacuum drying device; The number of the spray towers is 2, which are connected in parallel.

8. A method for producing carbon nanoparticles using the carbon nanoparticle production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Using gas containing carbon dioxide as a carbon source and entering the superelectron flow reactor through the carbon source inlet pipe; The decomposed mixture enters the separator, and the collected carbon nanoparticles are sent to the product storage tank.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the carbon source is greater than 1%; The flow rate of the carbon source is below 5 m / s; The air volume of the carbon source is 100-200000m 3 / h; When the PCB board and the discharge board are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of a first high-voltage DC power supply, the working voltage of the first high-voltage DC power supply is 80KV to 300KV, and the working current is 0.1A to 8A; When any one of the hollow electrodes is connected to the negative electrode of a second high-voltage DC power supply, the working voltage of the second high-voltage DC power supply is 80KV to 300KV, and the working current is 0.1A to 8A.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The volume percentage content of carbon dioxide in the carbon source is more than 99%; The flow rate of the carbon source is below 1 m / s.

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