1892 results about "Nanostructured carbon" patented technology

A composite material composed of a matrix phase bonded by a carbon binder phase derived from sintered carbon nanoparticles such as, for example, fullerenes. The present invention further relates to a method of making such composite materials which includes the steps of dispersing a sufficient amount of carbon nanoparticles into a matrix phase, and compressing the carbon nanoparticles-containing matrix phase at a sufficient pressure and temperature over a sufficient time to facilitate the conversion of the carbon nanoparticles into a nanostructured carbon binder phase, thereby yielding the composite material.

The invention discloses a carbon material loaded nano zero valence metal catalyst which comprises a nano zero valence metal and a carbon material, wherein the nano zero valence metal is uniformly dispersed in the carbon material; the loading quantity of the nano zero valence metal is 5-15mg/g; the nano zero valence metal is iron, copper, zinc or nickel; and the carbon material is a carbon nano tube, graphene or nano activated carbon. The invention further discloses the preparation and an allocation and application of the catalyst. The nano zero valence metal is loaded to the carbon material, so that the agglomeration of the zero valence metal is prevented, the stability of the catalyst is improved, and the specific surface area of the catalyst is remarkably increased; the catalyst is high efficient, cheap and stable in performance; a chlorine-containing organic pollutant can be rapidly and efficiently absorbed and enriched; and meanwhile the excellent electronic transmission capability of the nano carbon material can greatly accelerate the catalytic degradation speed of the pollutant, so that the pollutant can be more rapidly and effectively removed, so that the carbon material loaded nano zero valence metal catalyst is safe and economical.

The present invention relates to a nano-composite structure containing nanostructured carbon and nanoparticles. Also disclosed are methods of making the nano-composite structures. The present invention also relates to a lithium ion battery, a capacitor, a supercapacitor, a battery/capacitor, or a fuel cell containing the nano-composite structures of the present invention.

A method for forming nanostructured carbons comprising the steps of: generating a plasma by supplying at least a discharge gas between opposing electrodes and applying a high-frequency voltage between the electrodes under an approximately atmospheric pressure; existing a material gas for forming the nanostructured carbons with the plasma to generate an activated material gas; and exposing a substrate to the activated material gas.

The invention is applicable to the field of novel materials, and provides a silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, as well as a preparation method and applications of the material. The negative electrode material is of a nuclear-shell-type composite structure, and consists of nano silicon in the core, amorphous carbon at the middle layer and a one-dimensional nano carbon material at the outermost layer, wherein the amorphous carbon at the middle layer forms an elastic loose surface structure, and thus the circulating performance and multiplying performance of silicon are improved; a network structure built by the one-dimensional nano carbon material at the outermost layer not only plays a role in buffering mechanical stress, but also provides a rapid electric conducting channel for active silicon particles, and improves the circulating performance and multiplying performance of silicon further; and meanwhile, a three-dimensional electric-conducting heat-conducting network formed by the one-dimensional nano carbon material can conduct heat generated by a battery during the discharging process to the space around, and the safety performance of the battery is improved. The preparation method of the silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery is simple and feasible in process, environment-friendly and energy-saving, low in cost, and easy for industrialization.

A method for synthesizing nanostructured carbon materials having excellent crystallinity and large surface area using inexpensive metal salts and polymeric carbon precursors are disclosed. The synthetic method comprises the formation of nanostructured carbon material—metal—inorganic oxide composite through catalytic graphitization of a polymeric carbon precursor—metal salt—inorganic oxide composite, removal of inorganic oxide using an etchant, and removal of metal through an acid treatment, wherein an inorganic oxide material is added in the reaction mixture in order to increase the surface area of the nanostructured carbon material, and metal salt is used as a graphitization catalyst. The resultant nanostructured carbon materials possess the characteristics of excellent crystallinity and large surface area, where such characteristics are well suited for low temperature fuel cell electrode applications.

The invention discloses a road vehicle brake disc made of carborundum foamed ceramics/aluminum alloy composite materials and a production method of the road vehicle brake disc. The body of the reinforced-aluminum-alloy brake disc with a carborundum foamed ceramics framework is made of reinforced aluminum alloy materials such as aluminum alloy or nano ceramics particles or carbon nano-tubes. The carborundum foamed ceramics framework is integrally casted on two symmetrical friction surfaces of the brake disc, and heat dissipation grooves or air holes can be casted or do not need to be casted on the friction surfaces. A plurality of heat dissipation ribs are casted in the peripheral direction of non-friction surfaces. Mounting holes are formed in the disc body. The production method includes the steps of production of the carborundum foamed ceramics framework, preprocessing of the framework, design and production of a casting mold of the brake disc, lower-pressure casting of the brake disc, heat treatment of the brake disc, precision processing of the brake disc and storage of a finished product. The brake disc is simple in production technology, light in weight, high and stable in friction factor, high in heat conductivity, long in service life and applicable to existing road vehicles.

The invention belongs to a preparation method of a nano composite material and particularly relates to the field of a microwave preparation method for a grapheme-based composite material. A preparation method for carbon nano tube-graphene composite foam comprises the following steps: firstly, loading ferrocene on graphene foam; and then carrying out microwave treatment on the graphene foam loaded with the ferrocene and decomposing the ferrocene on the graphene foam by a high temperature which is instantly generated, so as to generate a catalyst and a carbon source to realize carbon nano tube in-situ growth and obtain the carbon nano tube-graphene composite foam. A carbon nano tube in the composite material vertically and epitaxially grows on the surface of a hole wall of the graphene foam; the super-hydrophobic and super-lipophilic surface chemical characteristics are represented; the preparation method has a wide application prospect in the aspects of adsorption, oil-water separation and the like; the method has the characteristics that operation is simple and convenient, cost is low, and industrial production is easily realized, and is an important preparation method for nano carbon materials.

The invention discloses a manganese dioxide/ carbon microspheres (MnO2/CMSs) composite material used as a supercapacitor electrode material, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The MnO2/CMSs composite material is obtained by a preparation method including taking glucose as an initial raw material, obtaining the carbon microspheres according to a hydrothermal method and compositing the carbon microspheres with the manganese dioxide according to an in-situ self-assembly method. Electrochemical property tests show that the prepared MnO2/CMSs composite material can achieve a synergistic effect of properties of the carbon microspheres and the manganese dioxide, has excellent properties which a single electrode does not have, and demonstrates high electrochemical capacitor behaviors, excellent rate capability and high cycling stability, thereby being capable of serving as the supercapacitor electrode material. Moreover, the composite material is simple in preparation process, stable in technology, easy to operate, reliable in quality and low in cost, and can meet basic requirements of commercialization when serving as the supercapacitor electrode material.

The invention discloses concrete with the functions of crack resistance and infiltration resistance. The concrete comprises the following raw materials in part by weight: 70-100 parts of cement, 400-500 parts of macadam, 50-70 parts of river sand, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 30-60 parts of mine residues, 5-20 parts of coal slack, 20-50 parts of basalt fibers, 5-15 parts of polypropylene fibers, 5-20 parts of glass fibers, 6-13 parts of expanded perlite, 20-80 parts of nanometer silicon dioxide, 5-15 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3-6 parts of zinc stearate, 2-5 parts of zinc borate, 3-7 parts of sodium citrate, 0.5-1.4 parts of acetyl tributyl citrate, 0.7-1.3 parts of diethylenetriamine, 3-10 parts of a water reducing agent, and 80-100 parts of water. The concrete disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good crack resistance, excellent infiltration resistance and good durability.

The invention relates to a method and application for a paper-making process reconstituted tobacco sizing agent coated with calcium carbonate. The method comprises the steps that wood pulp fibers, tobacco stem fibers and fragment fibers are used for preparing a sizing agent, then, the sizing agent is soaked into a soluble carbonate solution for 0.5 h to 3 h, and then water is removed through centrifuge dripping; the sizing agent fiber with no water is added into a soluble calcium salt with the calcium ion concentration ranging from 1 mol/L to 3 mol/L, the concentration of the sizing agent is controlled to range from 3% to 10%, and a reaction is performed at room temperature for 3 min to 5 min; in the sizing agent solution, citric acid with the mass concentration ranging from 0.01% to 0.03% is added as a crystal form control agent, and CO2 is led into the solution at the temperature ranging from 20 DEG C to 35 DEG C for a reaction for 0.5 h to 1 h until the pH value of the solution ranges from 7.0 to 7.5, so that a certain amount of nano calcium carbonate coats the surface of paper-making process reconstituted tobacco, and centrifuge dripping is carried out to obtain the paper-making process reconstituted tobacco sizing agent coated with calcium carbonate. The method has the advantages of being easy to implement, high in efficiency and high in application value.

The invention discloses a method for preparation of a nitrogen doped porous nano carbon material with biomass as the carbon source by gel process and application thereof. The method includes: selecting soybean residue or soybean as the carbon source, using a transition metal salt as the coagulant, and making soaked, grinded and boiled soybean milk solidify to form tofu gel; and conducting vacuum freeze drying, and performing high temperature carbonization and activation under an inert atmosphere, thus obtaining the transition metal embedded nitrogen doped porous carbon nano material. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process operation, low cost and easy realization of large-scale commercial production. The nitrogen doped porous nano carbon material prepared by the method has a high degree of graphitization, large mechanical strength and high conductivity, is embedded with metal nanoparticles, and can be applied to supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, catalysis, adsorption and other fields.

A copper base alloy, which possesses high-strength, high conductivity, oxidation resistance and contains silver of low content, is characterized in that said high-strength high-conductivity oxidation-resistance low-silver copper base alloy is composed of low-silver copper base alloy powder, diamond powder of 0.2-1.0% and graphitized nanometer carbon fibre and is prepared through a powder metallurgy technological process, wherein said low-silver copper base alloy powder contains Ag of 0.08 -0.12%, Y, La and Ce of 0.05 -0.5% or one of misch metal or mixture of several misch metal. Said alloy in accordance with the present invention possesses higher intensity and hardness, stronger anti-crackle forming and stomatic expandability, and exhibits definite puddle welding resistance and better electroconductive performances at the same time.

The invention discloses an aqueous heat dissipation coating and a preparation method thereof. The aqueous heat dissipation coating comprises an aqueous dispersoid containing a base resin, nanometer carbon material-coated boron nitride composite powder and optional auxiliary materials. The composite powder comprises boron nitride and a boron nitride-coating nanometer carbon material. The preparation method comprises carrying out grinding dispersion on the aqueous dispersoid containing a base resin and the optional auxiliary materials to obtain dispersive slurry, at least adding slowly the composite powder into the dispersive slurry, carrying out high speed stirring and carrying out standing defoaming. The nanometer carbon material-coated boron nitride composite powder is used as a coating filler so that excellent thermal conductivity of the nanometer carbon material and boron nitride and conductive infrared radiation characteristics of the nanometer carbon material are fully utilized, interface thermal resistance of the nanometer carbon material and boron nitride is reduced, and the coating has the advantages of high thermal conductivity, high infrared radiation rate, construction convenience, safety, environmental friendliness and wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a nano-sized composite silica brick and a production method thereof. The invention is characterized in that: raw materials and binder of the silica brick are as follows: silica granules and fine powders, waste silica brick granules, calcium carbonate nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, fluorite powders, lime and sulfite pulp wastes. The production method is based on the existing production process of the silica brick, and introduces compound nanopowders in optimal proportions in the production process of the silica brick after high-efficiency dispersion, to produce nano-sized composite silica bricks. With the addition of nanopowders, the performance of silica brick is significantly improved, and manifested as follows: 1) the particle size fraction is more reasonable, the accumulation is compact and the texture is uniform; 2) the slurry has good plasticity and moldability and the production efficiency is improved; 3) the burning temperature is decreased to 20 DEG C, thus realizing energy conservation and discharge reduction; 4) the tridymite is superior in crystallization conversion and has low content of quartz residues; 5) the number of closed pores is increased, the number of opened pores are reduced, the porosity is reduced, and the strength and refractoriness under load are increased; and 6) the final product has good appearance, smooth end surface and good bonding property, and the rate of qualified products is increased.

There is provided a method for the enhanced production of fullerenes, nanotubes and nanoparticles. The method relies upon the provision of a hydrocarbon liquid which is converted by a suitable energy source to a synthesis gas such as acetone, ethylene, methane or carbon monoxide, the synthesis gas(es) forming the precursors need for fullerene, nanotube or nanoparticle production. The nanotubes formed by the method described are in general terms shorter and wider than conventionally produced nanotubes. An improved apparatus for production of the fullerenes and nanocarbons is also disclosed wherein a moveable contactor is attached to a first electrode with a sealable chamber, and is spaced from the second electrode such that an electric arc can pass between them.

The present invention discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube array and graphene hybrid and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation. The hybrid comprises a nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube array and graphene, wherein the end portion of the carbon nano-tube array is directly and effectively connected with the graphene sheets. The preparation method comprises: adopting a high density catalyst particle loaded material having a microscopic flat surface as a catalyst, and adopting chemical vapor deposition to grow a nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube array and graphene on the surface of the catalyst, wherein the nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube array and the graphene are directly and effectively connected to form a three-dimensional structure. With the present invention, types of multifunction specialty nanometer carbon materials are enriched, assembly of nanometer carbon materials from bottom to top and from low-dimension to three-dimension is achieved, and a moving bed, a fluidized bed and the like can be adopted to achieve engineering magnification and scalization production so as to easily promote researches, supplies and practical applications of the nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube array and graphene hybrid.

The invention relates to a macromolecule material/ carbon material/ hydroxyapatite hybridization fiber and the manufacture method. It includes the following steps: compounding carbon material/ hydroxyapatite nm particle, making electric spinning suspension liquid, adopting electric spinning technology to make macromolecule material/ carbon material/ hydroxyapatite hybridization fiber and the carbon material and hydroxyapatite existing as nm compounding particle. The hybridization fiber has 3D multi-hole, and the porosity could be 30-99%, and the fiber diameter could be 20nm-2um. The invention has the excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano-grade-carbon-clad spinel lithium titanate battery cathode material. The method comprises steps that: titanium dioxide and a lithium source are placed in a dispersant; the mixture is uniformly mixed, and is dried by baking; the dried mixture is pre-roasted for 2-36h under a temperature of 400-800 DEG C in a first atmosphere; the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, such that an intermediate product is obtained; the obtained intermediate product and a carbon source are placed in a dispersant; the mixture is uniformly mixed, and is dried by baking; the dried mixture of the dried intermediate product, the carbon source and the dispersant is subject to secondary roasting for 2-36h under a temperature of 700-950 DEG C in second first atmosphere; the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, such that nano-grade-carbon-clad spinel lithium titanate is obtained. According to the invention, with the preparation method of the nano-grade-carbon-clad spinel lithium titanate battery cathode material, a lithium titanate cathode material with a nano-grade size, uniform particle morphology, and high purity is obtained. Also, the conductivity of the lithium titanate cathode material is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for controlling the growth of compost substrate festuca arundinacea by using modified nano carbon. The method comprises the steps of: sealing the lower end of each PVC pipe of which the diameter is 3cm and the height is 25cm with a layer of cotton cloth and a nylon net, mixing garbage compost and all modified nano carbons uniformly in proportion, and charging 150g of mixed material into each pipe; passivating for 7 days, sowing 0.2g of festuca arundinacea seeds in each pipe, controlling the temperature to be 19-27 DEG C and the relative humidity to be 60-72% during experiment, supplementing water to the compost every day so that the moisture of the compost reaches 70% of field capacity, balancing for 30 days in a laboratory, and measuring; wherein the adding amount of each modified nano carbon is 1-5%(w/w) of the weight of the garbage compost. Experimental results show that the growth of the compost substrate festuca arundinacea is promoted by adding the modified nano carbon.

The present invention discloses a process for producing a nano calcium carbonate slurry from a feedstock of waste gypsum, wherein: an aqueous gypsum slurry of the feedstock is mixed with ammonia water by stirring; with CO₂ injected in the slurry is under continuous stirring until the calcium sulfate in the waste gypsum is completely carbonated into nano calcium carbonate; after filtration, the filter cake is dispersed in water to obtain the nano calcium carbonate slurry. This process is easy to operate and to obtain a low-cost and a lower decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate. The present invention also discloses a nano calcium carbonate slurry and its application in preparation of a CaO-based carbon dioxide adsorbent and complex catalyst used for a reactive sorption enhanced reforming process for hydrogen production from methane. The CaO-based carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared shows good cycle stability and fast sorption rate, and complex catalyst used for reactive sorption enhanced methane steam reforming can obtain the hydrogen with purity of more than 90%.