251results about How to "Self-supporting" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of an individually-self-supporting MIL-53 metal-organic framework membrane material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a precursor pretreatment, organic ligand solution preparation, film preparation through a hydrothermal reaction, and a washing and drying treatment after the film forming. Specifically, the method comprises one step of soaking a metal oxide material into a water solution of an organic ligand, during this process, the organic ligand enters the channels of the metal oxide material, and then the metal oxide carries out reactions with the organic ligand so as to obtain continuous and individually-self-supporting MOF membrane. A hydrothermal method is adopted, the preparation is simple, and the target product is obtained only through a one-step reaction. The MIL-53 membrane can be used to separate carbon dioxide gas in the aerospace field.

The invention relates a Bi2WO6 nano-fiber cloth and a preparation method and an application thereof. The nano-fiber cloth is characterized in that the nano-fiber is prepared from Bi2WO6 nano-fiber with a length of hundreds of microns and a diameter of 30-400nm by electrostatic spinning; wherein, a defined amount of reactants are mixed and stirred according to a stoichiometry ratio, then proper tackifier is added to obtain Bi2WO6 precursor with proper viscosity and charge quantity, and finally Bi2WO6 nano-fiber cloth with controllable size, crystal type and morphology can be obtained through the control of the proportioning of each material in the precursor solution and the conditions of the electrostatic spinning. The Bi2WO6 nano-fiber cloth prepared by the electrostatic spinning used as photocatalyst has high specific area and crystallinity so that the visible light activity of the cloth is high, a certain kind of organic pollutants can be degraded in short time, and meanwhile, the catalyst can be recycled and reused very conveniently so that the problem of practical application of photocatalyst is solved.

The invention relates to a hollow fiber compound nanofiltration membrane. The nanofiltration membrane takes a porous supporting layer as an inner layer and a separating function layer as an outer layer. A casting membrane solution of the porous supporting layer contains an inner layer macromolecular polymer which is selected from one or more of polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylonitrile; a casting membrane solution of the separating function layer contains an outer layer macromolecular polymer which is selected from one or more of polyetherimide, polyether-ether-ketone, sulfonated polyether-ether-ketone, polymethyl methacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol; a preparation method comprises the following steps: synchronously extruding and molding the inner layer casting membrane solution and the outer layer casting membrane solution; solidifying to obtain a membrane filament in a nascent state; and carrying out an oxidizing agent aqueous solution to obtain the hollow fiber compound nanofiltration membrane. The invention further provides the preparation method of the nanofiltration membrane correspondingly. According to the hollow fiber compound nanofiltration membrane provided by the invention, the flux of the nanofiltration membrane is remarkably improved, and moreover, the nanofiltration membrane further has the certain desalinization rate.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a nanostructure, comprising the following steps of: providing a carbon nanotube at least of which a part is arranged in a suspending way; introducing reaction materials into the carbon nanotube; initiating the reaction materials to react, and forming the nanostructure on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure.

The invention provides a benzimidazole-substituted polyimide, a preparation method thereof, a benzimidazole-substituted polyimide film, and a preparation method and an application of the film, and belongs to the technical field of polyimide materials. The glass transition temperature of the benzimidazole-substituted polyimide film is 328-431 DEG C, the 5% thermal decomposition temperature is 498-537 DEG C, the tensile strength is 69-190 MPa, the tensile modulus is 3.5-6.2 GPa, the water absorption rate is 1.12-1.78%, the thermal expansion coefficient is 2.5-48.0 ppm/K, and the film is thermally soluble in m-cresol, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and tetrahydrofuran organic solvents. The benzimidazole-substituted polyimide film providedby the invention has the advantages of high thermal stability, good dimensional stability, low water absorption rate, excellent mechanical properties, and good solubility in organic solvents.

The invention discloses a dynamic polymer with a hybrid cross-linked network. The dynamic polymer contains common covalent cross-linking and dynamic covalent organic borate bonds. The dynamic polymerintegrates the respective advantages of the dynamic covalent organic borate bonds and the common covalent cross-linking, and polymeric materials of abundant structures and with diversified propertiescan be prepared by regulating the structures of reactants. The high dynamic reversibility of the dynamic covalent organic borate bonds in the dynamic polymer allows the polymer to present the functional characteristics of stimulation responsiveness, self repair performance; the common covalent cross-linking endows the dynamic polymer with certain strength and stability; moreover, based on the dynamic nature of the dynamic organic borate bonds, the dynamic polymer has the characteristics of energy dissipation and energy absorption and the good functions of damping, shock absorption, sound insulation, impact resistance, high toughness and the like. The dynamic polymer can be used for preparing damping and buffering materials, anti-impact protection materials, self-repairing materials, toughmaterials, force transducers, etc.

The invention discloses a prefabricated concrete frame structure which comprises prefabricated columns and prefabricated beams. Each prefabricated column is connected with one end of the corresponding prefabricated beam, a node area is formed at a joint of each prefabricated column and the corresponding prefabricated beam, each prefabricated beam is divided into an upper-layer column body and a lower-layer column body by the corresponding node area, each upper-layer column body and the corresponding lower-layer column body are connected through longitudinal reinforcing steel embedded in the prefabricated column in the corresponding node area, and column body longitudinal rebars are embedded in each prefabricated column and are continuous in the corresponding node area; beam end reinforcing steel is embedded at one end, connected with the corresponding prefabricated column, of each prefabricated beam, and the longitudinal reinforcing steel and the beam end reinforcing steel are connected through bolts. The invention further discloses a manufacturing method of the prefabricated concrete frame structure. Nodes of the prefabricated concrete frame structure are equivalent to cast-in-place concrete frame nodes in anti-seismic performance and energy dissipating capacity, anti-seismic concept design of 'strong nodes and weak components', 'strong shear capacity and weak bending capacity' and 'strong columns and weak beams' is realized, and construction process and difficulty can be reduced.

The invention relates to a flexible thermoelectric nanofiber thin film and preparation and an application thereof, wherein the flexible thermoelectric nanofiber thin film is a PEDOT:PSS-based nanofiber thin film having the surface coated with silver nanoparticles. The preparation includes the steps: the PEDOT:PSS-based nanofiber thin film is obtained by an electrostatic spinning technology; the nanofiber thin film is annealed and then impregnated in a PEDOT:PSS solution, the excess solution on the surface is washed away, and then drying is performed; and the surface of the nanofibers is coatedwith silver nanoparticles by in situ synthesis. The thin film not only has good thermoelectric properties, but also has good mechanical properties and flexibility, and is easily processed into flexible thermoelectric devices. The method provides a new way for preparing the flexible thermoelectric thin film, and has important significance for development of the flexible thermoelectric devices.

The invention is applicable to the field of air cold medium pre-heating and particularly relates to a self-supporting wide gap heat exchanging element. The self-supporting wide gap heat exchanging element comprises a plurality of plate pairs which are overlapped layer by layer; each plat pair comprises upper and lower plate sheets which are arranged oppositely; a plurality of rows of convex ripples and concave ripples are distributed on the upper surfaces of the plate sheets along the same axis direction; the convex ripples and concave ripples are obtained by upwards and downwards pressing and molding the plate sheets; the convex ripples and concave ripples are distributed at intervals; the positions of the convex ripples and concave ripples on the upper plate sheets in the plate pairs correspond to the positions of the convex ripples and concave ripples on the lower plate sheets in the plate pairs; one group of opposite edges of the plate sheets are upwards folded and are transited into planes; the other group of opposite edges of the plate sheets are downwards folded and are transited into planes; the two adjacent folding edges in each plate pair are welded to form an air channel; the two adjacent plate pairs are symmetrical up and down, and the adjacent folding edges between the two adjacent plate pairs are welded to form a flue gas channel. The self-supporting wide gap heat exchanging element has the advantages that a wide gap channel can be combined, dirt and dust are not easy to deposit, the resistance fall also can be reduced and the heat exchanging efficiency is sufficiently improved.

The invention discloses a composite fibrous membrane having hydrophobic/hydrophilic wettability difference and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of functional micro-nano composite fibrous materials. The composite fibrous membrane is provided with two fibrous membrane layers. Firstly, an electrostatic spinning solution A serves as a precursor solution to prepare the fibrous membrane PAN-I by adopting an electrostatic spinning method, a heat treatment method is combined to make the fibrous membrane PAN-I have hydrophobicity; then, an electrostatic spinning solution B serves as a precursor solution to prepare the fibrous membrane PAN-II, and then a receiving substrate is stripped to obtain the composite fibrous membrane. The preparation method is simple, low in energy consumption and high in efficiency. The fiber diameter of the composite fibrous membrane can be controlled by adjusting process parameters. Compared with simple hydrophobic or hydrophilic micro/nano fibrous membrane material, the composite fibrous membrane has efficient water drop capture and collection capability under the driving of hydrophobic/hydrophilic difference and can be used in the fields of water collection or mist collection from the air and the like.

The invention provides a ternary rare earth complex and application of the complex in preparing high-strength hybrid luminous hydrogel. The chemical structural formula of the ternary rare earth complex is shown as follows. First terpyridyl bridged imidazolium salt is used for being combined with a rare earth beta-diketone complex to form a ternary complex, the ternary complex can be self-assembled in water to form a micellar structure, and then rare earth ions and ASPA are isolated through the collaborative protection on the rare earth ions by the ternary complex and the micellar structure, so that the aim of preparing a hydrogel which is good in luminescence property and high in mechanical strength is achieved. The hydrogel uses water as a medium, the preparation method is simple, easy and environmentally friendly, and a volatile organic solvent is avoided from being used. Please see the formula in the description.

The invention discloses a method for preparing graphene and porous amorphous carbon films simultaneously. The method comprises the following steps: S1, ultrasonically cleaning a metal nickel sheet substrate, drying the metal nickel sheet substrate and placing the metal nickel sheet substrate into a tube furnace; S2, introducing inert gases into the tube furnace; S3, heating the tube furnace to 750 to 1,000 DEG C and maintaining for 10 to 50 minutes, introducing hydrogen into the tube furnace, and performing heat treatment on the metal nickel sheet substrate; and S4, introducing hydrocarbon compounds with the flow quantity of 20 to 100 sccm into the tube furnace, cracking the hydrocarbon compounds under the catalysis of the metal nickel sheet substrate subjected to heat treatment, dissolving carbon by a nickel sheet, and growing graphene and porous amorphous carbon films simultaneously; and S5, cooling the tube furnace, soaking the nickel sheet, on which the graphene and the porous amorphous carbon films grow, into corrosive liquid, and corroding the substrate nickel sheet to obtain the graphene and the porous amorphous carbon films. The hydrocarbon compounds serve as carbon sources, the adsorption cracking of the carbon sources on the surface of the substrate nickel sheet under the high temperature condition is controlled, and carbon atoms are dissolved into the nickel sheet, so that the graphene and the porous amorphous carbon films can be obtained simultaneously.

The invention discloses a carbon nano-tube network/polymer composite material. The carbon nano-tubes are mutually tangled to form a network structure, wherein the outer surface of the carbon nano-tube is uniformly wrapped with a polymer, and the carbon nano-tube and the polymer are all independently existed in a non-aggregated state. Compared with the prior art, the carbon nano-tube is existed in a non-aggregated state and the polymer is existed in a non-enriched state; by adopting the carbon nano-tube network/polymer composite material, the shortcomings of the traditional carbon nano-tube composite material such as the agglomeration of the carbon nano-tubes and the low content are solved, meanwhile, the excellent mechanical property, electrical property and thermal property of the carbon nano-tube are kept, and the carbon nano-tube is excellent in self-supporting property and is easy to process in the using process and has a wide application future in the fields such as the electromagnetic shielding materials, functional intelligent materials and electrode materials.

The invention provides a single-stage diffraction grating. The diffraction grating comprises an opaque thin film and n light transmitting holes. The n light transmitting holes are distributed on the opaque thin film in the form of quasi-inclined square grids at a preset probability density. The sizes of the light transmitting holes and the period of the quasi-inclined square grids are set according to a preset proportion. In this way, the n light-transmitting holes are distributed on the opaque thin film in the form of quasi-inclined square grids at the preset probability density, so that only the 0-order diffraction and the +/-1-order diffraction are achieved without any high-order diffraction. The harmonic pollution can be eliminated, and the resolution ratio is improved. Furthermore, the accuracy of the analysis result is ensured and the shot spectrum precision is improved. Moreover, the optical grating can realize the self-supporting function, so that the loss caused by a substrate can be eliminated. In addition, since the structure of the grating is only provided with a light-transmitting part and an opaque part, so that the binary structure is easy to machine.

The invention discloses a trapezoidal wave zone plate with a quasi-single-stage focusing characteristic. The trapezoidal wave zone plate comprises a light-proof substrate and a plurality of ring-shaped wave zones which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside by taking the substrate as a center, wherein each ring-shaped wave zone comprises at least two spiral trapezoidal hole light transmission units which are formed by twisting isosceles-trapezoid-shaped hole light transmission units, and are sequentially connected; the radial light transmittance of the wave zone plate meets a formula shown in the description. Compared with a common Fresnel wave zone plate, the trapezoidal wave zone plate can restrain the diffraction efficiency of a senior focus very well, also can reduce the peak strength of the senior focus. Moreover, when a ratio of the top edge of the original trapezoid to the bottom edge of the original trapezoid is equal to 1 to 5, the trapezoidal wave zone plate further has the effect of eliminating a 3n-level focus, and also restrains the efficiency of a 5-level focus to 0.16% of a 1-level focus (insulating efficiency being 6.93%). Compared with a Gabor wave zone plate, the 1-level focus efficiency is higher than the focusing efficiency of the Gabor wave zone plate, and the trapezoidal wave zone plate is easier to manufacture in comparison with a plurality of binaryzation Gabor wave zone plates.

The invention relates to a self-supporting flexible super capacitor electrode material and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of super capacitor electrode materials. The method comprises the following concrete steps that a polyphosphazene and polymer mixed solution is prepared, the mixed solution is used to prepare a polymer/polyphosphazene nanometer fiber film via a static spinning method, and a nitrogen and phosphor doped self-supporting flexible carbon nanometer fiber film is obtained from the polymer/polyphosphazene nanometer fiber film by means of low-temperature heat treatment, high-temperature carbonization and potassium hydrate activation, and can be applied to a flexible super capacitor electrode material. According the method, extra conductive additive and binder are not needed, the electrode material can be used directly, the carbon fiber film electrode material doped with nitrogen and phosphor includes a meso-structure and fake capacitance at the sametime, the specific capacitance can reach 176F/g, the carbon fiber film is highly flexible, and the material can be widely applied to the flexible and wearable electronic fields.