Silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and applications of material

A technology for lithium-ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of silicon-carbon composite materials such as cycle stability, rate performance and safety performance, and improve cycle performance and rate performance , improve the safety performance, and the effect of simple and easy process

Active Publication Date: 2013-01-30
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY IN SHENZHEN
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, which solves the technical problems of unsatisfactory cycle stability, rate performance and safety performance of silicon-carbon composite materials in the prior art; and the Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery

Method used

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Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0021] The embodiment of the present invention further provides the above-mentioned method for preparing the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, including the following steps:

[0022] Step S01, preparing amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon particles:

[0023] Disperse nano-silicon particles and an organic carbon source in an organic solvent, dry them, heat them with microwaves for 2-180 minutes in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 300-600°C, and cool to obtain amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon particles. The organic carbon source is selected from one or more of citric acid, phenolic resin, and sucrose;

[0024] Step S02, preparing nano-silicon / amorphous carbon / one-dimensional nano-carbon material composite material:

[0025] The amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon particles and the one-dimensional nano-carbon material are dispersed in an organic solution, and sprayed and cracked at a temperature of 100-400° C. to obtain ...

Embodiment 1

[0036] The preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material of this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0037] 1) In this example, 1g of nano-silicon powder and 10g of citric acid were dispersed in an ethanol solution, dispersed by ultrasonication and mechanical stirring, and then dried in an oven at 100°C to obtain a precursor of amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon;

[0038] 2) Place the dried amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon precursor in the reaction chamber, evacuate to make the absolute pressure in the furnace lower than 1kPa, pass nitrogen to normal pressure and then evacuate, repeat this process three times. Before turning on the microwave, flow nitrogen gas into the reaction chamber to remove the oxygen remaining in the reaction chamber;

[0039] 3) Open the valve of the gas flow bottle, feed nitrogen with a flow rate of 100 sccm, and heat the reaction chamber with microwaves. When the temperature rises rapidly to the reaction temperature...

Embodiment 2

[0042] The preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material of this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0043] 1) In this example, 1g of nano-silicon powder and 20g of phenolic resin were dissolved in an appropriate amount of acetone solution, dispersed by ultrasonication and mechanical stirring, and then dried in an oven at 80°C to obtain a precursor of amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon;

[0044] 2) Place the dried amorphous carbon-coated nano-silicon precursor in the reaction chamber, evacuate to make the absolute pressure in the furnace lower than 1kPa, pass nitrogen to normal pressure and then evacuate, repeat this process three times. Before turning on the microwave, flow nitrogen gas into the reaction chamber to remove the oxygen remaining in the reaction chamber;

[0045] 3) Open the valve of the gas flow bottle, and introduce nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 100 sccm. Use microwave to heat the reaction chamber. When the temperature rises ...

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Abstract

The invention is applicable to the field of novel materials, and provides a silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, as well as a preparation method and applications of the material. The negative electrode material is of a nuclear-shell-type composite structure, and consists of nano silicon in the core, amorphous carbon at the middle layer and a one-dimensional nano carbon material at the outermost layer, wherein the amorphous carbon at the middle layer forms an elastic loose surface structure, and thus the circulating performance and multiplying performance of silicon are improved; a network structure built by the one-dimensional nano carbon material at the outermost layer not only plays a role in buffering mechanical stress, but also provides a rapid electric conducting channel for active silicon particles, and improves the circulating performance and multiplying performance of silicon further; and meanwhile, a three-dimensional electric-conducting heat-conducting network formed by the one-dimensional nano carbon material can conduct heat generated by a battery during the discharging process to the space around, and the safety performance of the battery is improved. The preparation method of the silicon carbon composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery is simple and feasible in process, environment-friendly and energy-saving, low in cost, and easy for industrialization.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new materials, and in particular relates to a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Under the background of scarcity of resources, high fossil prices, global warming, carbon emission reduction, sustainable development, urban traffic congestion and serious vehicle emissions, vigorously develop as urgently needed energy storage for new energy vehicles, solar energy, wind energy, etc. The new chemical storage technology represented by power battery has become the focus of general attention and support of governments all over the world. Lithium-ion battery as a green chemical power source is currently the most widely used secondary battery, and its demand covers electronic products, information industry, energy transportation, military industry and national defense and other fields. As one of the key m...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/62
CPCY02E60/12Y02E60/10
Inventor 符冬菊陈建军李冬霜张维丽王晓伟
Owner RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY IN SHENZHEN
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