A rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rectal / anal dilatation cannula for taking specimens from a natural cavity, belonging to the field of laparoscopic surgical auxiliary instruments, comprising an outer cannula (1) and a guide tube (2) sleeved in the outer cannula (1), wherein the front end of the guide tube (2) is provided with a cone (21), and the rear end is provided with a gripper (22), and the tail end of the outer cannula (1) is provided with an elastic air blocking structure; during use of the present invention, the valve is in an open state, but the valve automatically clings to the outer wall of the guide tube to achieve sealing of the outer cannula, and preferably a thin elastic sealing layer is further provided to further prevent gas in the outer cannula from leaking out, thereby maintaining a pneumoperitoneum state well; after the guide tube is taken out, the one-way valve automatically closes, and the pneumoperitoneum state can also be automatically maintained, thereby achieving a better surgical effect; moreover, during use by the operator, there is no need to frequently screw the rear cover and the instrument hole cover, so the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the surgical efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of laparoscopic surgical auxiliary instruments, and in particular to a rectal / anal dilation cannula for taking specimens from a natural cavity. Background Art

[0002] Laparoscopic surgery has gradually developed into colon and rectal resection since the 1980s. Laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery has developed rapidly due to its advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications, and can achieve the same effect as traditional open surgery. Under the condition that NOTES surgery is not yet available, making full use of the natural cavity to remove the specimen can reduce surgical incisions, which is more in line with the concept of functional surgery. To this end, the inventor of this application has invented a non-assisted incision anal cannula based on a lot of clinical experience and applied for a patent. For details, see the Chinese patent publication number CN103948404A. The cannula is used to remove the specimen through the anus without making an auxiliary incision on the abdominal wall. The laparoscopic left colon and rectal resection can be completed, which has the advantages of no abdominal scars, minimizing postoperative pain, and shortening hospitalization time and costs.

[0003] However, the inventors of the present application discovered during actual clinical surgical use that the structure of the cannula apparatus for maintaining the pneumoperitoneum state is: a rear cover and an instrument hole cover are provided, the rear cover is threadedly connected to the outer cannula, and the instrument hole cover is also threadedly connected to the rear cover. Such a structure has relatively obvious defects. Specifically, firstly, due to the threaded connection structure, there is always a gap in the thread, resulting in poor sealing, and the pneumoperitoneum state cannot be maintained well, affecting the surgical effect. Moreover, when the guide tube is inserted and exited, there will be obvious "air leakage", and the pneumoperitoneum state disappears, affecting the surgical operation. Secondly, due to the provision of the rear cover and the instrument hole cover structure and the threaded connection, the rear cover and the instrument hole cover need to be screwed multiple times during the operation, which makes the operation more complicated and affects the surgical efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from a natural cavity to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rectal / anal dilation cannula device for obtaining specimens from a natural cavity, comprising an outer sleeve and a guide tube sleeved inside the outer sleeve, the front end of the guide tube is provided with a cone portion, the rear end is provided with a gripper, and the tail end of the outer sleeve is provided with an elastic air-blocking structure.

[0006] The present invention has made structural improvements on the basis of the structure of the previously applied patent, eliminating the original rear cover and instrument hole cover structure, and instead providing an elastic air blocking structure at the end of the outer sleeve, which can achieve one-way sealing of the sleeve.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution: the elastic air-blocking structure is integrated with the tail end of the outer sleeve, the elastic air-blocking structure is an elastic one-way valve, and the elastic one-way valve has at least three valves.

[0008] As one of the air blocking structures, it is integrated with the outer sleeve, that is, it is directly arranged inside the end of the outer sleeve;

[0009] The one-way valve of the present invention is similar to the valve of human vein or chamber, and can realize one-way sealing in the cannula, and can still maintain airtightness when the instrument enters and exits the cannula.

[0010] This is the case where only one layer of the gas barrier structure is provided.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution: the elastic air-blocking structure comprises a cylinder, one end of which is detachably connected to the outer sleeve, and an elastic one-way valve is arranged inside the other end of the cylinder, and the elastic one-way valve has at least three valves.

[0012] As another air-blocking structure mode, the air-blocking structure is independently provided as an air-blocking structure kit, and the kit can be connected to the end of the outer sleeve in a detachable manner such as threaded connection, sleeve connection, etc.

[0013] As a further preferred technical solution: the elastic air-blocking structure also includes a conical elastomer, an opening is arranged at the end of the conical elastomer, the conical elastomer is located at the lower end of the elastic one-way valve, and together with the elastic one-way valve forms a two-layer air-blocking structure.

[0014] On the basis of the valve structure, a thin elastic layer is further provided to form a two-layer air-blocking structure. When the instrument enters the sleeve, it first passes through the valve structure and then passes through the elastic layer of the non-valve overall structure to achieve a two-layer air-blocking seal.

[0015] As a further preferred technical solution: the elastic one-way valve has five petals, and adjacent petals partially overlap. The valves partially overlap, and after the instrument enters, the valve is stretched open, but the overlapping part can be better sealed, so that the sealing effect is better.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution: the materials of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve include but are not limited to silicone or polyurethane, and a scale is set on the outer sleeve to help determine the length of the outer sleeve entering the rectum. Different patients have different positions of colorectal tumors in the anus, and the scale of the outer sleeve of the sleeve can help clinicians to send the sleeve to the correct position more quickly. The aforementioned patent has no scale, which affects the efficiency of the operation.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the cone portion is in the shape of a cone with a smooth surface, so as to prevent artificial damage to the internal organs during use.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution: the gripper is cylindrical, and its outer diameter is the same as that of the outer sleeve, which is conducive to holding the tail of the outer sleeve and exerting force when sending the outer sleeve. The tail of the aforementioned patent has a groove structure, the reason is that the tail is tightly sleeved in the outer sleeve, and the groove structure is easy to grasp. The gripper of the inner sleeve of this patent is located outside the outer sleeve, and the cylindrical structure has better stability, which is convenient for exerting force when sending the outer sleeve.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution: the middle section of the guide tube is narrowed, so as to reduce the frictional resistance between the guide tube and the inner wall of the outer tube when the guide tube is removed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] During the use of the present invention, that is, when the guide tube is installed in the outer sleeve and removed from the outer sleeve, the valve is in an open state, but the valve automatically clings to the outer wall of the guide tube to achieve sealing of the outer sleeve. Preferably, a thin elastic sealing layer is further provided to further prevent the gas in the outer sleeve from leaking out, thereby maintaining the pneumoperitoneum state well. After the guide tube is removed, the one-way valve automatically closes and can also automatically maintain the pneumoperitoneum state, thereby achieving a better surgical effect. Moreover, during use by the operator, there is no need to frequently screw the back cover and the instrument hole cover, so the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the surgical efficiency is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a state diagram of Example 1 after the guide tube is taken out;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of inserting the guide tube in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0025] Figure 4 A side view of the outer sleeve of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 3;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of inserting the guide tube in Example 3;

[0028] Figure 7 This is another structural form of the elastic one-way valve of Example 3.

[0029] In the figure: 1, outer sleeve; 2, guide tube; 21, cone portion; 22, gripper; 31, elastic one-way valve; 32, conical elastic body; 33, cylinder; 4, scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] See also Figure 1-3 A rectal / anal dilatation cannula for obtaining specimens from a natural cavity, comprising an outer cannula 1 and a guide tube 2 sleeved in the outer cannula 1, wherein the front end of the guide tube 2 is provided with a smooth conical portion 21 and the rear end is provided with a gripper 22, and the rear end of the outer cannula 1 is provided with an elastic air blocking structure, and the structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the elastic air blocking structure of this embodiment is integrated with the tail end of the outer sleeve 1, and the elastic air blocking structure is an elastic one-way valve 31. The elastic one-way valve 31 has five petals, and adjacent elastic one-way valves 31 partially overlap, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the dotted part in the figure is the overlapping part (the blocked part);

[0033] In this embodiment, the elastic air-blocking structure further includes a conical elastic body 32, the end of which is provided with an opening, and the conical elastic body 32 is located at the lower end of the elastic one-way valve 31, and together with the elastic one-way valve 31 forms a two-layer air-blocking structure. Figure 1 As shown;

[0034] In this embodiment, the outer sleeve 1 is made of materials such as silicone or polyurethane, and a scale 4 is provided on the outer sleeve 1;

[0035] The gripper 22 is cylindrical, and is convenient for holding when taking and placing the guide tube; the middle section of the guide tube 2 is narrowed;

[0036] The cannula device of the present invention is selected with different lengths according to the distance of the tumor from the anus, so the specifications of the cannula device are as follows: the length of the outer cannula is 22cm to 27cm, the outer diameter is 3.5cm to 4.1cm, and the inner diameter is 3.3cm to 3.8cm. The length of the guide tube is 33cm to 38cm, the diameter of the widest part of the cone is 3.2cm to 3.7cm, the diameter of the narrowed section is 2.0cm to 2.5cm, the diameter of the tail is 3.5cm to 4.1cm, the length of the tail is 5cm, and the wall thickness is 0.1cm. The total length of the present invention is 33cm to 38cm.

[0037] Specifically, the best embodiment (model suitable for colorectal cancer): the length of the outer sleeve is 22 cm, the outer diameter is 4.1 cm, and the inner diameter is 3.9 cm. The length of the guide tube is 33 cm, the diameter of the widest part of the cone is 3.7 cm, the diameter of the narrowed section is 2.5 cm, the diameter of the tail is 4.1 cm, the length of the tail is 5.0 cm, and the wall thickness of the outer sleeve is 0.1 cm. The total length of the present invention is 33 cm. Another model suitable for descending colon cancer, the inner and outer sleeves are each lengthened by 5 cm;

[0038] When necessary, the insertion and removal of surgical instruments can also be sealed directly through the elastic one-way valve 3.

[0039] The method of clinical operation using the cannula device of the present invention is as follows:

[0040] (1) Separate the left colon mesentery, clamp the blood vessels at the root, cut off the inferior mesenteric artery and vein, and clean the lymphatic tissue at the blood vessel root. Free the left colon, upper rectum and mesentery, and clean the regional drainage lymphatic tissue. After disinfection, dilate the anus, insert the guide tube 2 into the outer sleeve 1, apply paraffin oil, and insert it into the anus.

[0041] (2) When reaching the pre-severed site of the distal intestinal tract, directly remove the guide tube 2;

[0042] (3) Directly insert the circular stapler through the sleeve into the intestinal tract proximal to the tumor (or insert by puncturing holes in the intestinal wall above and below the tumor);

[0043] (4) Use an intraluminal cutting and closing device to cut and close the colon above the tumor;

[0044] (5) After the pre-anastomotic intestinal tract is exposed, the intestinal tract is fully cut at the distal end of the tumor using an ultrasonic scalpel;

[0045] (6) Pull out the intestinal tract where the tumor is located through this cannula;

[0046] (7) Remove the outer sleeve 1;

[0047] (8) Use an ultrasonic scalpel to make a small hole at the anastomosis of the proximal intestinal tube, pull out the circular stapler head, and use the intracavitary cutting and sealing device to close the distal intestinal end (about 1 cm) again. Then, puncture the hole through the laparoscope and remove the end.

[0048] (9) Insert the circular stapler through the anus and perform end-to-end anastomosis;

[0049] (10) The matching is completed.

[0050] In the above-mentioned surgical process, the previous threaded cannula device is used, and the operation time is generally 120 to 200 minutes. However, the catheter device of the present embodiment can save at least 15% of the time. It is not only easier for medical staff to operate, saves time and effort, and greatly reduces the chance of misoperation, but more importantly, since the operation time is greatly shortened, the patient's physical and psychological damage is significantly reduced, and the recovery time is faster, which can be shortened by about 30%.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Compared with Example 1, this embodiment is different in that:

[0053] The elastic air blocking structure includes a cylinder 33, one end of which is connected to the outer sleeve 1 by a thread. For example, an outer thread is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the outer sleeve 1, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the cylinder 33, and an elastic one-way valve 31 and a conical elastic body 32 are arranged on the inner side of the other end of the cylinder 33.

[0054] That is to say, this embodiment is another air-blocking structure mode, the air-blocking structure is independently set, as an independent air-blocking structure kit, the kit can be connected to the end of the outer sleeve 1 by a detachable method such as threaded connection and sleeve connection, and the structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown;

[0055] The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The above-mentioned embodiments 1 and 2 are both preferred embodiments of the present invention, and both can achieve a tighter seal.

[0058] As a basic implementation of the present invention, this embodiment does not provide a second air-blocking structure, that is, does not provide a conical elastic body 32, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1 or 2. Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0059] In addition, in terms of the structure of the elastic one-way valve 31, as the most basic structure of the present invention, it can be as follows Figure 7 As shown, the device is composed of three valves without overlapping each other, which can basically realize the present invention.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, including equivalent replacement and improvement of the length, diameter, inner and outer textures, shapes and materials of the sleeve, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectal / anal dilatation cannula for obtaining specimens from a natural cavity, comprising an outer cannula (1) and a guide tube (2) sleeved inside the outer cannula (1), wherein the front end of the guide tube (2) is provided with a cone (21) and the rear end is provided with a gripper (22), and the characteristics are: The tail end of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with an elastic air blocking structure; The elastic air-blocking structure is integral with the tail end of the outer sleeve (1), and the elastic air-blocking structure is an elastic one-way valve. (31), the elastic one-way valve (31) has at least three valves; Alternatively, the elastic air-blocking structure comprises a cylinder (33), one end of the cylinder (33) being detachably connected to the outer sleeve (1), and an elastic one-way valve (31) being arranged inside the other end of the cylinder (33), wherein the elastic one-way valve (31) has at least three valves.

2. The rectal / anal dilatation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic air-blocking structure further comprises a conical elastic body (32), the end of the conical elastic body (32) being provided with an opening, the conical elastic body (32) being located at the lower end of the elastic one-way valve (31), and forming a two-layer air-blocking structure together with the elastic one-way valve (31).

3. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic one-way valve (31) has five valves, and adjacent valves partially overlap.

4. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1) is provided with a scale (4).

5. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1) is made of silicone or polyurethane.

6. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone portion (21) is in the shape of a cone with a smooth surface.

7. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripper (22) is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the gripper (22) is the same as the outer diameter of the outer sleeve (1).

8. The rectal / anal dilation cannula for obtaining specimens from natural cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle section of the guide tube (2) is narrowed.

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