Fabricated green retaining wall with controllable prestress during construction and construction equipment and method

Abstract

The prestress-controllable assembled vegetation retaining wall and corresponding construction equipment and method include a retaining wall prefabricated block, a retaining wall cast-in-place foundation, a cast-in-place guardrail foundation, a flexible rope, a counterforce frame device, a hoist unit, a torsion sensor, a displacement sensor and a control console, the retaining wall prefabricated blocks are connected through bolts, the flexible rope passes through the retaining wall prefabricated blocks during construction, one end is directly anchored through a clamp device and a pressure plate, the other end is connected to the hoist unit, and the control console controls the prestress of the flexible rope through the torsion sensor installed on the hoist unit and the displacement sensor installed between the flexible rope and the retaining wall prefabricated block. The application provides an assembled counter-pulling vegetation retaining wall which can adjust the prestress of the rope to maintain the stability of the retaining wall with the increase of the embankment filling height during construction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering construction, in particular to a construction period rope prestress controllable counter-pulling assembly type vegetation retaining wall and construction equipment. The present application proposes a kind of assembly type retaining wall and corresponding construction equipment, method suitable for high fill embankment, and construction period prestress controllable. BACKGROUND

[0002] In urban roads and highways, retaining walls are often used instead of slopes to reduce the occupied area. Common forms of retaining walls include gravity retaining walls, cantilever retaining walls, buttressed retaining walls, and reinforced soil retaining walls. In high fill embankment, gravity retaining walls and cantilever retaining walls are difficult to meet the actual engineering requirements; buttressed retaining walls have the disadvantage that embankment fillings near the buttressed retaining wall are difficult to roll; and reinforced soil retaining walls require the laying of multiple layers of reinforcing belts, which is not economical and increases the construction period.

[0003] Counter-pulling retaining walls are a new type of retaining wall structure composed of two side retaining walls and counter-pulling ropes. Chinese Patent No. 2017211264962 discloses a "prestressed counter-pulling reinforced soil embankment structure" including reinforcing belts, wall panels, anchors, etc. This device can increase the stability of the retaining wall by combining the prestress of the reinforcing belts with the friction force. Chinese Patent No. 2018215283897 discloses an "assembly type green ecological counter-pulling vertical retaining wall" including wall prefabricated components, steel pull rods, steel backing plates, vegetation boards, and back plates. This device uses the retaining wall surface as a force member and also adds an ecological greening component. Counter-pulling retaining walls mainly resist the soil pressure on both sides of the embankment through the tension of the ropes, thereby forming a whole with the two side retaining walls. The stability mainly depends on the tensile strength of the pull rods and the strength of the retaining wall itself, which is more easily met in high fill embankments.

[0004] Existing counter-pulling retaining walls have the disadvantage that the prestress of the ropes during construction cannot be flexibly controlled, making them difficult to apply to actual projects. During construction, as the fill height rises, the soil pressure generated by the fill weight will gradually increase. If the prestress of the pull rods cannot be adjusted in time, the soil pressure cannot be completely offset, and at this time the retaining walls on both sides of the embankment will fail due to excessive soil pressure. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an assembly type vegetation retaining wall and construction equipment and method with controllable prestress during construction. The purpose is to automatically adjust the prestress of the counter-pulling ropes as the embankment fill height rises during construction, thereby making the deformation of the retaining wall controllable during construction. At the same time, the equipment can improve the inspection efficiency of quality problems in the embankment construction process by combining manual detection.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0007] The application discloses a construction period prestress controllable assembly type vegetation retaining wall, which comprises a plurality of stacked retaining wall prefabricated blocks on two sides, a guardrail cast-in-place foundation and a retaining wall cast-in-place foundation connected with the lowermost retaining wall prefabricated block, and a road embankment between the retaining wall prefabricated blocks on the two sides.

[0008] Further techniques of the application:

[0009] Preferably, the retaining wall prefabricated blocks on the two sides are provided with rope holes, drainage holes and positioning holes.

[0010] Preferably, the retaining wall prefabricated blocks on the two sides are provided with vegetation plates on outer sides.

[0011] The application further provides a construction equipment for the construction period prestress controllable assembly type vegetation retaining wall, which comprises a flexible rope, a counterforce frame, a counterforce support, a winch frame, a winch, a torsion sensor, a base, an electric power and data cable, a control console and a displacement sensor.

[0012] The counterforce frame, the counterforce support, the winch frame and the base are fixed into an integral whole by using bolts, the winch is fixed on the winch frame, the torsion sensor is installed, and the electric power and data cable is connected to the control console.

[0013] The flexible rope is placed on the winch, the flexible rope passes through the rope holes of the retaining wall prefabricated blocks on the two sides and is protected by a sleeve, the sleeve extends from the retaining wall on the two sides, the flexible rope at the end far away from the winch is fixed by a clamp device, the winch is controlled by the control console to exert a small prestress to pull the flexible rope straight, the displacement sensor is installed between the retaining wall prefabricated block on the side close to the winch and the flexible rope, and the displacement sensor is connected to the control console.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The earth pressure generated by the road embankment is mainly offset by the prestress of the rope, and the retaining wall does not need to rely on its own resistance to overturning force and sliding force, so that the retaining wall prefabricated blocks can be made more light and thin, and meanwhile, the retaining wall system can be well formed into an integral whole through the bolt connection of the retaining wall prefabricated blocks.

[0016] 2. The stress of the pulling rope of the retaining wall can be automatically adjusted with the increase of the filling height during the construction process, so that the instability and damage of the retaining wall caused by the fact that the prestress of the rope cannot be timely adjusted with the increase of the filling height of the road embankment during the construction process are avoided.

[0017] 3. The prestress of each cross section of the rope can be displayed through the control console during the construction process, and the cross sections with obviously different prestress are alarmed, so that the construction quality inspection efficiency is improved.

[0018] 4、Preform retaining wall block volume and weight overall relatively small, and the shape is approximately cuboid, facilitate artificial installation, at the same time, the difficulty of the corresponding automatic installation machinery is reduced.

[0019] 5、The present application relates to all components manufacturing and installation prefabrication, assembly degree is high, meet the needs of industrialized construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of retaining wall after embankment filling is completed;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the principle diagram of retaining wall prestress control in construction process;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the connecting diagram of retaining wall preform block;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the preform sealing block of calliper device;

[0024] Wherein: 1-retaining wall preform block;2-retaining wall cast-in-place foundation;3-drainage hole;4-rope hole;5-cast-in-place guardrail foundation;6-embankment;7-flexible rope;8-planting board;9-bolt hole;10-pressure plate;11-calliper device;12-counterforce frame;13-counterforce support;14-winch frame;15-winch;16-torque sensor;17-base;18-electric power and data cable harness;19-control console;20-positioning hole;21-displacement sensor;22-preform sealing block;23-sleeve hole;24-annular hole;25-screw;26-nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The construction technology requirements such as bolt connection, welding, calliper device installation and concrete cast-in-place are not described in the present application, and the structure and its implementation mode involved in the present application are specifically described.

[0026] Figures 1-3 It is the installation mode of retaining wall in construction process and the prestress control device, the construction process of the present application mainly involves retaining wall preform block 1, retaining wall cast-in-place foundation 2, guardrail cast-in-place foundation 5, embankment 6, flexible rope 7, counterforce frame 12, counterforce support 13, winch frame 14, winch 15, torque sensor 16, base 17, electric power and data cable harness 18, control console 19, displacement sensor 21.

[0027] The pre-buried screw in the pouring process of the retaining wall cast-in-place foundation 2 corresponds to the position of the lower bolt hole 9 of the bottom row of retaining wall precast blocks 1. After the construction of the retaining wall cast-in-place foundation 2 is completed, a layer of water-stopping material is laid along the embankment by special paving machinery or manually, and then the retaining wall precast blocks 1 are laid, and the retaining wall precast blocks 1 are vertically and horizontally connected by installing the screw 25 and the nut 26 through the bolt hole 9. The position of the water-stopping belt does not overlap with the bolt hole 9.

[0028] The counterforce frame 12, the counterforce support 13, the hoist frame 14, and the base 17 are installed and fixed as a whole by bolt connection. The height of the base 17 can be adjusted manually or electrically, and a cushion can be laid between the counterforce support 13 and the ground to keep the counterforce support 13 horizontal. The hoist 15 and the torque sensor 16 are installed and connected to the console 19 through power and data lines 18.

[0029] First, the flexible rope 7 is placed on the hoist 15, and at this time the power supply of the hoist 15 is in the off state. The flexible rope 7 is pulled by a machine or manually, first through a pressure plate 10, then through the retaining wall precast blocks 1 on both sides, and is protected by a sleeve. The sleeve extends from the retaining wall on both sides. Then a new pressure plate 10 is sleeved at the end of the flexible rope 7 away from the hoist, and a caliper device 11 is installed for fixation. The pressure plate 10 at the end away from the hoist 15 is fixed in position by a pin and a positioning hole 21. A small pre-tension is applied to the flexible rope 7 by the hoist 15 controlled by the console 19 to straighten it. A displacement sensor 21 is installed between the retaining wall precast blocks 1 near the hoist 15 and the flexible rope 7, and the displacement sensor 21 is connected to the console 19.

[0030] The initial soil pressure is calculated according to the filling height of the embankment 6. The console 19 sends a control signal to all hoists 15 to apply a torque. The torque sensor 16 measures the torque and feeds it back to the console 19. The console 19 controls the pre-tension by comparing the signals and the feedback signals from the torque sensor 16, and adjusts the pre-tension value by measuring the relative displacement of the flexible rope 7 and the retaining wall precast blocks 1 through the displacement sensor 21. After the filling and compaction of this layer are completed, the next layer of retaining wall precast blocks 1, counterforce frame 12, counterforce support 13, hoist frame 14, hoist 15, torque sensor 16, and displacement sensor 21 are installed, and the filling and compaction of the next layer of embankment 6 are carried out.

[0031] During the filling process, the pre-tension of the flexible rope 7 in each cross section is displayed in the console 19 through the data transmission of the torque sensor 16. By writing a corresponding program, the console 19 can alarm when the pre-tension of the embankment 6 cross section is significantly different. Manual detection is used to check the construction quality.

[0032] After the embankment 6 is completely filled and compacted, the prestress of the flexible cable 7 is maintained, the displacement sensor 21 is recovered, if necessary, the flexible cable 7 is sealed by grouting through the casing, the pressure plate 10 on one side of the winch set is moved to the precast block 1 of the retaining wall and is fixed through the pin and the positioning hole 20, the caliper device 11 is installed, the corresponding winch 15 is closed and the flexible cable 7 is cut off, after the completion of all the above steps, the counterforce system and the winch set are removed, and the construction is continued in the next section.

[0033] The vegetation plate 8 is arranged on the pressure plate 10 by manual or mechanical means, the precast sealing block 22 is arranged on the caliper device on both sides by manual or mechanical means, and the sealing is performed by grouting through the grouting hole 24. Finally, the cast-in-place guardrail foundation 5 and the pavement paving are completed.

[0034] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principle of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction method for prefabricated vegetated retaining walls with controllable prestressing during the construction period, characterized by: The construction method is implemented using construction equipment; Construction equipment includes flexible ropes, reaction frame, reaction frame support, winch frame, winch, torque sensor, base, power and data harness, control console, and displacement sensor; The reaction frame, reaction frame support, winch frame and base are fixed together as a whole by bolts. The winch is fixed on the winch frame. The winch and torque sensor are installed and connected to the control console through power and data cables. The flexible rope is placed on the winch. The flexible rope passes through the rope hole of the precast blocks of the retaining walls on both sides and is protected by a sleeve. The sleeve extends from the retaining walls on both sides and the flexible rope is fixed in the rope hole of the precast block of the retaining wall away from the winch. The winch is controlled by the control console to apply a small prestress to straighten the flexible rope. A displacement sensor is installed between the precast block of the retaining wall near the winch and the flexible rope, and the displacement sensor is connected to the control console. Construction process: During the pouring of the cast-in-place foundation of the retaining wall, screws are pre-embedded. The screw positions correspond to the bolt hole positions at the bottom of the precast retaining wall blocks. After the cast-in-place foundation of the retaining wall is completed, a layer of waterstop is laid along both sides of the embankment by specific paving machinery or manual labor, and then the precast retaining wall blocks are laid. The precast retaining wall blocks are vertically and horizontally connected by screws and nuts installed through the bolt holes. The positions of the waterstop and the bolt holes do not overlap. Install the reaction frame, reaction frame support, winch frame, and base, and fix them together as a whole using bolts. The height of the base can be adjusted manually or electrically. Pads can be laid between the reaction frame system and the ground to keep the reaction support level. Install the winch and torque sensor, and connect them to the control console via power and data harnesses. First, place the flexible rope on the winch. At this time, the power supply of the winch is off. The flexible rope is pulled mechanically or manually through a pressure plate, then through the precast blocks of the retaining walls on both sides, and protected by a sleeve. The sleeve extends from the retaining walls on both sides. Then, a new pressure plate is put on the end of the flexible rope away from the winch and a clamp device is installed to fix it. The pressure plate at the end away from the winch is fixed in position by pins and positioning holes. The winch is controlled by the control console to apply a small prestress to straighten the flexible rope. A displacement sensor is installed between the precast block of the retaining wall on the side closer to the winch and the flexible rope. The displacement sensor is connected to the control console. The initial earth pressure is calculated based on the embankment filling height. Control signals are sent to all winches via the control console to apply torque. Torque sensors measure the torque magnitude and feed it back to the control console. The control console controls the prestress stability by comparing the sent signal and the torque sensor feedback signal. At the same time, displacement sensors measure the relative displacement between the flexible rope and the precast retaining wall block to adjust the set prestress value. After the filling and compaction of this layer are completed, the next layer of precast retaining wall blocks, reaction frame, reaction frame support, winch frame, winch, torque sensor, and displacement sensor are installed, and the filling and compaction of the next layer of embankment are carried out. During the filling process, data is transmitted through torque sensors to display the prestress of the flexible ropes in each cross section on the control console. Corresponding programs are written to enable the control console to issue alarms for embankment cross sections with significantly different prestresses. The construction quality is checked by manual inspection. After the embankment is fully filled and compacted, maintain the prestress of the flexible ropes, retrieve the displacement sensors, and if necessary, grout the flexible ropes through the sleeves to seal them. Then, move the bearing plate on one side of the winch unit to the precast retaining wall block and fix it with pins and positioning holes. After installing the clamp device, shut down the corresponding winch and cut the flexible ropes. After all this is done, remove the reaction system and the winch unit, and move to the next section to continue construction. Planting boards are installed on the bearing plate manually or mechanically, and prefabricated sealing blocks are installed on the clamp devices on both sides manually or mechanically, and grout is injected through the grouting holes for sealing; finally, the cast-in-place guardrail foundation and road paving are completed.

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