Freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biological integrated purification system for freshwater aquaculture tailwater. To fill the gap in the prior art, the present invention includes an integrated purification pool, which is rectangular, with a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end. The integrated purification pool is provided with a primary sedimentation tank, a submerged plant treatment area, a filter-feeding fish breeding area and a biological floating island treatment area from the water inlet to the water outlet. An aeration area is provided between the water inlet and the primary sedimentation area of ​​the integrated purification pool, and an aeration pipe is provided at the bottom of the aeration area. A through hole is provided on the aeration pipe, and the pipe is connected to the outlet of an air pump through a valve. Lotus roots are planted at the bottom of the primary sedimentation area, and submerged partition walls are built on the front and rear sides of the submerged plant treatment area, respectively, and a submerged plant pruning device is provided. The upper surface of the submerged partition wall is 5-10 cm away from the water surface. The present invention has a simple structure, good purification effect, reliable operation, and is not easy to smell water. It is suitable for the purification treatment of aquaculture water and recycled water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a freshwater aquaculture tail water biological comprehensive purification system. Background Art

[0002] The Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN 107935296A published on April 20, 2018 discloses an ecological treatment system and method for aquaculture wastewater, which includes a filter-feeding fish breeding pond, a primary filtration pond, a biological floating island treatment pond, a secondary filtration pond and a submerged plant treatment pond connected in sequence; wherein the primary filtration pond and the secondary filtration pond are filled with volcanic rocks, plants are planted on the upper surface of the volcanic rocks, and microbial strains are placed on the lower part. The patent document points out that submerged plants include submerged plants such as goldfish algae that have water purification functions.

[0003] It is well known that Hydrilla verticillata, Duckweed and Elodea have good adaptability and strong regeneration ability. They provide 70% of the dissolved oxygen in the water. At the same time, they can quickly convert the eutrophic components in the water into organic matter, and provide food for river crabs, grass carp, lobsters, etc., but they can also easily cause water stink.

[0004] During the breeding process, people found that when submerged plants are close to the water surface, they are prone to rot and stink. If the water level is too high, it will affect the photosynthesis of submerged plants. For this reason, people proposed to control the water level to prevent submerged plants from growing and stinking water, so as to maximize the purification function of submerged plants.

[0005] For example, some people have proposed to use water level to control the growth of Elodea, because Elodea has the characteristic of growing according to water level. Using water level to control the growth of Elodea will not cause the death of Elodea's floating roots, but also maintain the good growth of Elodea. The technical point is to keep the grass head of Elodea below 10 cm above the water surface at all times, and slowly raise the water level as the Elodea grows. This can inhibit the crazy growth of Elodea on the one hand, and ensure that the water grass can fully carry out photosynthesis on the other hand, which is conducive to rooting, making the plants short and strong, and not easy to float roots. In strong convective weather such as heavy rain, strong wind, typhoon, etc., the water level should be lowered to expose the grass head to avoid the strong convective weather stirring the water flow and the rapid rise of water level, which will cause the Elodea to float roots.

[0006] This is possible in the south where the water network is dense, but in the north, where the water source is already tight, it is difficult to control the water level. Others have imagined that when the submerged plants grow close to the water surface, they can be harvested by artificial wading or boating, and the middle and upper parts of the submerged plants can be cut off to prevent them from rotting close to the water surface. However, this method is still not ideal because artificial wading and harvesting will inevitably step on the submerged plants, and whether it is artificial wading or boating, the submerged plants will be seriously disturbed. The stems and leaves of some submerged plants after harvesting are entangled with the submerged plants under the water and are difficult to separate, and the stems and leaves of these submerged plants after harvesting are more likely to rot and stink. In short, the prior art urgently needs a new submerged plant cutting method and device that is easy to cut submerged plants underwater, the cutting process has little disturbance to the submerged plants, the stems and leaves are naturally separated from the submerged plants at the bottom of the water after cutting, the submerged plants left at the bottom of the water are less damaged, and the submerged plants are not easy to rot and stink.

[0007] In addition, the above-mentioned ecological treatment system for aquaculture wastewater still has the problem of unreasonable sequence design. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to fill the above-mentioned gap in the prior art and provide a freshwater aquaculture tail water biological comprehensive purification system, which has little disturbance to submerged plants during the cutting process, naturally separates the stems and leaves from the submerged plants on the bottom of the water after cutting, causes little damage to the submerged plants remaining on the bottom of the water, and is not easy to rot and smell.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system includes an integrated purification pool, which is rectangular, with a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end. The integrated purification pool is provided with a primary sedimentation area, a submerged plant treatment area, a filter-feeding fish breeding area and a biological floating island treatment area from the water inlet to the water outlet. An aeration area is provided between the water inlet and the primary sedimentation area of ​​the integrated purification pool, a partition net is provided between the aeration area and the primary sedimentation area, an aeration pipe is provided at the bottom of the aeration area, a through hole is opened on the aeration pipe, and the outlet of the air pump is connected through a valve. Lotus roots are planted in the bottom mud of the primary sedimentation area, submerged partition walls are built on the front and back sides of the submerged plant treatment area respectively, a submerged plant planting area is provided in the submerged plant treatment area, Elodea or duckweed is evenly planted in the submerged plant planting area, and there is also a filter between the submerged plant treatment area and the filter-feeding fish breeding area. An oxygenation aeration area is provided, in which a plurality of paddle wheel oxygenation aerators are evenly arranged, a V-shaped grid is provided between the oxygenation aeration area and the filter-feeding fish breeding area, debris collection nets are provided at both ends of the V-shaped grid, and a multi-layer hanging cage breeding area is provided between the V-shaped grid and the filter-feeding fish breeding area, in which a plurality of multi-layer hanging cages are evenly arranged, river clams and / or field snails are cultured in the multi-layer hanging cages, the filter-feeding fish breeding area and the biological floating island treatment area overlap to form a filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area, silver carp and bighead carp and / or grass carp are stocked in the water of the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area, a plurality of floating beds are arranged on the water surface of the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area, water hyacinth or water peanut is planted on each floating bed, the submerged partition walls on both sides of the submerged plant planting area are spaced 10-15 cm apart, and are equipped with a submerged plant pruning device, and the upper surface of the submerged partition wall is 5-10 cm away from the water surface.

[0010] With this design, the fresh water to be treated first enters the aeration zone for aeration treatment to reduce the chemical oxygen demand, harmful substances and harmful microorganisms in the fresh water, and then enters the primary sedimentation zone. Since lotus roots are planted in the primary sedimentation zone, their stems and leaves are covered with a large number of villi, which can absorb dirt in the water. At the same time, the silt at the bottom of the dirt sedimentation zone in the water provides fertilizer for the lotus roots, which is beneficial to their growth.

[0011] The water then enters the submerged plant treatment area and is further purified. When the submerged plants grow too high, the staff walk along the submerged partition wall and use the submerged plant pruning device to prune the submerged plants so that the top is kept 10 cm below the water surface. The submerged plant pruning device can use long-handled scissors. Although this method of walking along the submerged partition wall and pruning the submerged plants with long-handled scissors is slow, the submerged plants will not be trampled during the whole process. At the same time, the submerged plants left at the bottom of the water will be less disturbed. The cut stems and leaves will naturally float up and flow downstream. After encountering the V-shaped grid, they will be diverted by the V-shaped grid to the debris collection nets on both sides, and then the staff will fish them out of the water, dry them and use them as feed.

[0012] The water from the submerged plant treatment area passes through the oxygenation aeration area, and then is aerated by a paddle wheel oxygenation aerator, and then enters the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area. The plankton and organic matter in the water are eaten by filter-feeding fish, grass carp or silver carp, and the eutrophic substances in the water are absorbed by the floating plants on the floating bed. The water quality is further purified and then discharged from the outlet. The floating plants are fixed on the floating bed and are not easy to run away and flood.

[0013] As an optimization, the submerged plant pruning device includes an eccentric wheel and a horizontal push frame, and the horizontal push frame includes two walking wheels, two adjustable cross bars and two handle bars, wherein each adjustable cross bar includes a double-headed screw, a long tube and a short tube, wherein the middle part of the double-headed screw is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism, and the two sides are screws, and the rotation directions of the screws are opposite, and corresponding threaded holes are respectively opened at the inner ends of the long tube and the short tube, and the two ends of the double-headed screw are respectively screwed into the corresponding threaded holes, and the two ends of the adjustable cross bar are respectively welded to the inner sides of the middle sections of the two handle bars, and two cross shafts are further welded to the outer sides of the lower and middle parts of the two handle bars, and the two walking wheels are correspondingly mounted on the two cross shafts, and the lower ends of the two handle bars are provided with vertical tubes, and the vertical tubes are respectively provided with vertical shafts, and the eccentric wheel is arranged on the vertical shaft at the lower end of a handle bar. A column is eccentrically provided on the eccentric wheel,

[0014] It also includes a sleeve and a core rod, one side of the core rod is fixed with longitudinally arranged moving teeth, one end of the core rod is connected to a flat plate, the end of the flat plate extends to both sides, a through groove perpendicular to the axis of the core rod is opened on it, and the through groove is sleeved on the column of the eccentric wheel, and a roller is provided on the vertical shaft at the lower end of the other handle bar, the sleeve is opened with a longitudinal groove, and the lower edge of the longitudinal groove is fixed with longitudinally arranged static teeth, the core rod is inserted into the sleeve, the moving teeth extend from the longitudinal groove of the sleeve, and the outer end of the sleeve is fixed to the vertical shaft through a connecting plate A backward extension arm is also provided at the lower part of each handle rod, and a guide wheel is provided at the end of the extension arm. The axis of the guide wheel is parallel to the axis of the vertical axis on the handle rod on the same side. The two walking wheels can be pressed on the submerged partition wall respectively. By adjusting the double-headed screw, the eccentric wheel and the roller can be respectively pressed against the inner side surface of the submerged partition wall with the outer edge of the guide wheel on the same side, pushing the horizontal push frame to walk on the submerged partition wall. The eccentric wheel can drive the core rod to be inserted and pulled in the casing, and then drive the moving teeth to move back and forth, so as to achieve cutting of the middle and upper parts of the submerged plants.

[0015] When the submerged plants are close to the water surface, the water plants can be cut by pushing the horizontal push frame, and the top of the water plants can never grow near the water surface. Since the submerged plant trimming device cuts the submerged plants along a predetermined height, there is no disturbance or damage to the lower part of the submerged plants, and the cut upper stems and leaves naturally float on the water surface, which is easy to collect and process. This design overcomes the problem of manual wading harvesting, which is easy to damage and disturb the submerged plants, and the cut stems and leaves of the submerged plants are difficult to pick up from the water, thus causing corruption and stinking water accidents.

[0016] As an optimization, the static teeth and the dynamic teeth are made of triangular stainless steel plates, and the adjacent contact surfaces are flat. The two sides of the triangular plates are respectively provided with sloped edges. When the adjacent static teeth and dynamic teeth are staggered, they are automatically ground. With this design, when the static teeth and dynamic teeth are staggered, their sloped edges are ground against each other, which helps to keep the sloped edges sharp. The principle is similar to that of scissors or a hairdressing knife.

[0017] The freshwater aquaculture tail water biological comprehensive purification system of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, good purification effect, reliable operation and not easy to smell water, and is suitable for the purification treatment of aquaculture water and recycled water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The freshwater aquaculture tail water biological comprehensive purification system of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view structural diagram of the freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the core rod, movable teeth, flat plate and through grooves on the flat plate of the submerged plant pruning device;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a sleeve, a stationary tooth and a connecting plate of a submerged plant pruning device;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the submerged plant pruning device.

[0023] In the figure: 1 is the water inlet, 2 is the water outlet, 3 is the primary sedimentation area, 4 is the submerged plant treatment area, 5 is the aeration area, 6 is the partition net, 7 is the aeration pipe, 8 is the submerged partition wall, 9 is the oxygenated aeration area, 10 is the V-shaped grid, 11 is the debris collection net, 12 is the multi-layer hanging cage breeding area, 13 is the multi-layer hanging cage, 14 is the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area, 15 is the floating bed, 16 is the submerged plant planting area, 17 is the eccentric wheel, 18 is a walking wheel, 19 is a horizontal adjustment rod, 20 is a handle bar, 191 is a double-headed screw, 192 is a long tube, 193 is a short tube, 21 is a horizontal axis, 22 is a vertical tube, 23 is a column, 24 is a sleeve, 25 is a core rod, 26 is a movable tooth, 27 is a flat plate, 28 is a through groove, 29 is a roller, 30 is a longitudinal groove, 31 is a static tooth, 32 is a connecting plate, 33 is a vertical axis, 34 is an extension arm, 35 is a guide wheel, and 36 is a slope blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Implementation method 1: Figure 1As shown, the freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system includes an integrated purification pool, which is rectangular, with a water inlet 1 at one end and a water outlet 2 at the other end. The integrated purification pool is provided with a primary sedimentation area 3, a submerged plant treatment area 4, a filter-feeding fish breeding area and a biological floating island treatment area from the water inlet to the water outlet, and is characterized in that: the integrated purification pool is provided with an aeration area 5 between the water inlet and the primary sedimentation area 3, and a water outlet 2 is provided between the aeration area 5 and the primary sedimentation area 3. There is a partition net 6, an aeration pipe 7 is arranged at the bottom of the aeration zone 5, a through hole is opened on the aeration pipe 7, and the outlet of the air pump is connected to the valve (not shown in the figure), lotus roots are planted in the bottom mud in the primary sedimentation zone 3, submerged partition walls 8 are built on the front and back sides of the submerged plant treatment zone 4, a submerged plant planting area 16 is arranged in the submerged plant treatment zone 4, and Elodea or duckweed is evenly planted in the submerged plant planting area 16, and an aeration valve is also arranged between the submerged plant treatment zone 4 and the filter-feeding fish breeding area. A plurality of paddle wheel aeration aerators (not shown) are evenly arranged in the aeration aeration zone 9, a V-shaped grid 10 is arranged between the aeration aeration zone and the filter-feeding fish breeding zone, debris collection nets 11 are respectively arranged at both ends of the V-shaped grid 10, and a multi-layer hanging cage breeding zone 12 is also arranged between the V-shaped grid 10 and the filter-feeding fish breeding zone, a plurality of multi-layer hanging cages 13 are evenly arranged in the multi-layer hanging cage breeding zone 12, and river clams and / or clams are cultured in the multi-layer hanging cages 13, the filter-feeding fish breeding zone and the biological floating The island treatment areas overlap to form a filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area 14, in which silver carp, bighead carp and / or grass carp are stocked in the water. A plurality of floating beds 15 are arranged on the water surface of the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area 14, and each floating bed 15 is planted with water hyacinth or water peanut. The submerged partition walls 8 on both sides of the submerged plant planting area are spaced 10-15 cm apart and are equipped with submerged plant pruning devices, and the upper surface of the submerged partition wall 8 is 5-10 cm away from the water surface.

[0025] like Figure 2-4As shown, the submerged plant pruning device includes an eccentric wheel 17 and a horizontal push frame, and the horizontal push frame includes two walking wheels 18, two adjustable cross bars 19 and two handle bars 20, wherein each adjustable cross bar 19 includes a double-headed screw 191, a long tube 192 and a short tube 193, wherein the middle part of the double-headed screw 191 is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism, and the two sides thereof are screws, and the rotation directions of the screws are opposite, and the inner ends of the long tube 192 and the short tube 193 are respectively provided with corresponding threaded holes, and the double-headed screw 191 is provided with a plurality of screws. The two ends are respectively screwed into the corresponding threaded holes, the two ends of the adjustable cross bar 19 are respectively welded to the inner side of the middle section of the two handle bars 20, and two transverse shafts 21 are welded to the outer side of the lower middle part of the two handle bars 20. The two walking wheels 18 are respectively mounted on the two transverse shafts 21, and the lower ends of the two handle bars 20 are provided with vertical tubes 22, and vertical shafts (not shown in the figure) are respectively provided in the vertical tubes 22. The eccentric wheel 17 is arranged on the vertical shaft at the lower end of a handle bar 20, and a column 23 is eccentrically provided on the eccentric wheel 17.

[0026] It also includes a sleeve 24 and a core rod 25, one side of which is fixed with longitudinally arranged movable teeth 26, one end of the core rod 25 is connected to a flat plate 27, the ends of which extend to both sides, and a through groove 28 perpendicular to the axis of the core rod 25 is opened on it, and the through groove 28 is sleeved on the column 23 of the eccentric wheel 17, and a roller 29 is provided on the vertical axis of the other handle bar 20 at the lower end, and a longitudinal groove 30 is opened on the sleeve 24, and a longitudinally arranged static tooth 31 is fixed on the lower edge of the longitudinal groove 30, and the core rod 25 is inserted into the sleeve 24, and the movable tooth 26 extends out from the longitudinal groove 30 of the sleeve 24, and the outer end of the sleeve 24 is fixed to the vertical axis 33 through a connecting plate 32.

[0027] A backward extension arm 34 is also provided at the lower part of each handle rod 20, and a guide wheel 35 is provided at the end of the extension arm 34. The axis line of the guide wheel 35 is parallel to the axis line of the vertical axis on the handle rod 20 on the same side. The two walking wheels 18 can be pressed on the submerged partition wall 8 respectively. By adjusting the double-headed screw 191, the length of the adjustable cross bar 19 can be changed, and the outer edges of the eccentric wheel 17, the roller 29 and the guide wheel 35 on the same side can be respectively pressed against the inner side surface of the adjacent submerged partition wall 8, pushing the horizontal push frame to move on the submerged partition wall. The eccentric wheel 17 can drive the core rod 25 to be inserted and pulled into the sleeve 24, and then drive the movable teeth 26 to move back and forth, so as to achieve cutting of the middle and upper parts of the submerged plants.

[0028] The stationary teeth 31 and the movable teeth 26 are both made of triangular stainless steel plates, and the adjacent contact surfaces are flat. The two sides of the triangular plates are respectively provided with sloped edges 36. When the adjacent stationary teeth 31 and movable teeth 26 are displaced from each other, they are automatically ground.

[0029] Note: When the submerged plant pruning device described in this patent is working, the static teeth 31 only move forward with the horizontal push frame, and the dynamic teeth 26 also move back and forth left and right continuously while moving forward with the horizontal push frame.

Claims

1. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system, comprising an integrated purification pool, which is rectangular, with a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end. The integrated purification pool is provided with a primary sedimentation area, a submerged plant treatment area, a filter-feeding fish breeding area and a biological floating island treatment area from the water inlet to the water outlet, characterized in that: An aeration zone is provided between the water inlet of the comprehensive purification pool and the primary sedimentation zone, a partition net is provided between the aeration zone and the primary sedimentation zone, an aeration pipe is provided at the bottom of the aeration zone, a through hole is provided on the aeration pipe, and the aeration pipe is communicated with the outlet of the equipped air pump through a valve, lotus roots are planted in the bottom mud in the primary sedimentation zone, submerged partition walls are built on the front and back sides of the submerged plant treatment zone respectively, a submerged plant planting area is provided in the submerged plant treatment area, elodea or duckweed is evenly planted in the submerged plant planting area, and there is also a filter between the submerged plant treatment area and the filter-feeding fish breeding area. An oxygenated aeration area is provided, in which a plurality of paddle-wheel oxygenated aerators are evenly arranged, a V-shaped grid is provided between the oxygenated aeration area and the filter-feeding fish breeding area, debris collection nets are provided at both ends of the V-shaped grid, and a multi-layer hanging cage breeding area is provided between the V-shaped grid and the filter-feeding fish breeding area, in which a plurality of multi-layer hanging cages are evenly arranged, river clams and / or field snails are cultured in the multi-layer hanging cages, the filter-feeding fish breeding area and the biological floating island treatment area overlap to form a filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area, and the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area Silver carp, bighead carp and / or grass carp are stocked in the water. A plurality of floating beds are arranged on the water surface of the filter-feeding fish breeding and biological floating island treatment area. Water hyacinth or water peanut is planted on each floating bed. The submerged partition walls on both sides of the submerged plant planting area are spaced 10-15 cm apart and are equipped with a submerged plant pruning device. The upper surface of the submerged partition wall is 5-10 cm away from the water surface. The submerged plant pruning device includes an eccentric wheel and a horizontal push frame. The horizontal push frame includes two walking wheels, two adjustable cross bars and two handle bars, wherein each adjustable cross bar includes a double-headed screw, a long tube and a short tube, wherein the double-headed screw is provided. The middle part of the head screw is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism, with screws on both sides, and the rotation directions of the screws are opposite. The inner ends of the long tube and the short tube are respectively provided with corresponding threaded holes, and the two ends of the double-headed screw are respectively screwed into the corresponding threaded holes. The two ends of the adjustable cross bar are respectively welded to the inner sides of the middle sections of the two handle bars, and two cross shafts are welded to the outer sides of the lower middle parts of the two handle bars. The two walking wheels are respectively mounted on the two cross shafts. Vertical tubes are provided at the lower ends of the two handle bars, and vertical shafts are respectively provided in the vertical tubes. The eccentric wheel is arranged on the vertical shaft at the lower end of a handle bar, and a column is eccentrically provided on the eccentric wheel. It also includes a sleeve and a core rod, one side of the core rod is fixed with longitudinally arranged moving teeth, one end of the core rod is connected to a flat plate, the end of the flat plate extends to both sides, a through groove perpendicular to the axis of the core rod is opened on it, and the through groove is sleeved on the column of the eccentric wheel, and a roller is arranged on the vertical shaft at the lower end of the other handle bar, the sleeve is opened with a longitudinal groove, and the lower edge of the longitudinal groove is fixed with longitudinally arranged static teeth, the core rod is inserted into the sleeve, the moving teeth extend from the longitudinal groove of the sleeve, and the outer end of the sleeve is fixed to the vertical shaft through a connecting plate. Each handle A backward extension arm is also provided at the lower part of the hand rod, and a guide wheel is provided at the end of the extension arm. The axis line of the guide wheel is parallel to the axis line of the vertical axis on the handle rod on the same side. The two walking wheels are respectively pressed on the submerged partition wall. By adjusting the double-headed screw, the length of the adjustable cross bar can be changed, and the eccentric wheel, roller and the outer edge of the guide wheel on the same side are respectively pressed against the inner side surface of the adjacent submerged partition wall, pushing the horizontal push frame to move on the submerged partition wall. The eccentric wheel can drive the core rod to be inserted and pulled in the casing, and then drive the moving teeth to reciprocate and stagger, so as to achieve cutting of the middle and upper parts of the submerged plants.

2. The freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological integrated purification system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The stationary teeth and the moving teeth are both made of triangular stainless steel plates, and the adjacent contact surfaces are planes. The two sides of the triangular plates are respectively provided with sloped edges. When the adjacent stationary teeth and the moving teeth are mutually displaced, they are automatically ground.

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