Apparatus and testing method for inspecting the inner diameter of tubular parts

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts, comprising a positioning mechanism for fixing the position of the tubular part and a measuring mechanism for detecting the inner diameter parameters of the tubular part; the measuring mechanism moves along the X-axis; the positioning mechanism moves along the Y and Z axes, and a positioning block with a positioning groove is provided at its top end, with axial limiting blocks and clamping components arranged opposite to each other at both ends of the positioning groove. This device for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts combines an inner diameter comparator with a precision slide, achieving omnidirectional alignment and measurement between the workpiece and the probe of the inner diameter comparator in space, while accurately detecting the axial change trend of the hole diameter. It overcomes the technical bottlenecks that coordinate measuring machine methods and two-dimensional optical methods cannot achieve, solving the problem of measuring small holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geometric measurement technology for mechanical products, and to a device and method for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts, specifically a device and method for detecting the inner diameter and length of small-diameter tubular parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of precision measurement, the internal bore inspection of tubular parts has always been a recognized challenge. Due to the small diameter of the inner bore in tubular parts, measuring its diameter and length typically requires the use of multiple measuring tools. Current technologies for internal bore inspection of tubular parts mainly employ contact-type coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) and two-dimensional optical methods. CMMs are primarily used for applications requiring axial depth measurement, while two-dimensional optical methods are mainly applied to measuring the diameter of a single cross-section.

[0003] Coordinate measuring machines require a certain sampling return distance during use. For pipe parts with small diameters, the measurement program cannot run because the sampling return distance requirement cannot be met, resulting in the inability to detect them.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop inspection methods that can meet the requirements of small-diameter tubular parts, and to develop a dedicated inspection device that can achieve rapid and accurate measurement. This device should be able to simultaneously detect many parameters of small-diameter tubular parts, thereby improving inspection efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a device for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts. This device can achieve rapid and accurate measurement of the diameter and length of the inner hole of small-diameter tubular parts.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] An apparatus for detecting the inner hole of a tubular part includes a positioning mechanism for fixing the position of the tubular part and a measuring mechanism for detecting the inner hole parameters of the tubular part.

[0009] The measuring mechanism moves along the X-axis; the positioning mechanism moves along the Y-axis and Z-axis, and a positioning block with a positioning groove is provided at the top. Axial limiting blocks and clamping components are provided at both ends of the positioning groove.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the measuring mechanism is fixed on the left side of the horizontally placed base plate, and includes a one-way slide, a clamping frame and an inner diameter comparator. The lower fixed part of the one-way slide is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the upper movable part is driven by a micrometer to move along the X-axis. The clamping frame is vertically arranged on the top surface of the movable part. The inner diameter comparator is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping frame.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the positioning mechanism is fixed on the right side of the horizontally placed base plate, and includes a bidirectional slide, a positioning block, an axial limiting block, and a clamping assembly. The upper movable part of the bidirectional slide is driven by different micrometers to move along the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The positioning block is located at the center of the top surface of the bidirectional slide, and a positioning groove for placing tubular parts is opened through its top surface from left to right. The axial limiting block is located on the left side of the positioning block, and a positioning hole is opened at its center. The positioning hole is oriented in the same direction as the positioning groove, and the center of the positioning hole is concentric with the center of the positioning groove. The clamping assembly is used for clamping and positioning tubular parts and is located on the right side of the positioning block.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the clamping frame is an inverted T-shaped structure, the horizontal part at the bottom is fixed to the one-way slide by screws, and the upper end of the vertical part at the top is provided with a through hole for installing the inner diameter comparator.

[0013] In the above technical solution, a vertical through groove is opened above the through hole at the upper end of the vertical part, and through holes and threaded holes are opened on both sides of the through groove for installing screws to achieve the clamping and fixing of the inner diameter comparator.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the positioning groove is V-shaped with an angle of 30°-120°.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the two sides of the axial limiting block are connected to the bidirectional slide by screws.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the clamping assembly includes a quick-release caliper and a caliper base. The caliper base is connected to the bidirectional slide by screws. The quick-release caliper is mounted on the caliper base and is a standard universal part used to clamp the end of tubular parts and perform positioning.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the positioning hole is a stepped through hole with a diameter that increases sequentially from left to right.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the stepped through hole on the axial limiting block is 1-3mm.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the width of the positioning block is 1 / 2 of the width of the top surface of the bidirectional slide.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the movement accuracy of the micrometer is 0.01 mm, and the measurement accuracy of the inner diameter comparator is 0.001 mm.

[0021] On the other hand, the detection method of the device for detecting the inner hole of pipe parts according to the present invention is as follows: the workpiece to be tested (a pipe part with a small diameter) is placed in the positioning groove, and its left end is pushed to the left along the axial direction into the positioning hole on the axial limiting block. The workpiece is clamped by the clamping assembly. The unidirectional slide and the bidirectional slide are adjusted together to realize the comprehensive linkage in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions until the probe axis of the inner diameter comparator is coaxial with the axis of the workpiece to be tested. The unidirectional slide is adjusted so that the probe of the inner diameter comparator moves axially in the inner hole of the workpiece to be tested, and the reading changes are observed to obtain the diameter value at different depths, thereby realizing the dynamic detection of the axial dimension.

[0022] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention provides a device for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts, which combines an inner diameter comparator with a precision slide, enabling omnidirectional alignment and measurement between the workpiece to be measured and the probe of the inner diameter comparator in space. At the same time, it can accurately detect the axial change trend of the hole diameter, breaking through the technical bottleneck that coordinate measuring machine detection method and two-dimensional optical method cannot achieve, and solving the problem of measuring small holes. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a device for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of an apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning part of the positioning mechanism.

[0027] in:

[0028] 1: Base plate, 2: One-way slide, 3: Clamping frame, 4: Inner diameter comparator, 5: Two-way slide, 6: Positioning block, 7: Axial limit block, 8: Quick clamp, 9: Clamping seat, 10: Positioning groove, 11: Positioning hole, 12: Micrometer.

[0029] For those skilled in the art, other related figures can be obtained from the above figures without any creative effort. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are illustrative and not limiting, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] An apparatus for detecting the inner hole of a tubular part includes a positioning mechanism for fixing the position of the tubular part and a measuring mechanism for detecting the inner hole parameters of the tubular part.

[0033] The measuring mechanism moves along the X-axis; the positioning mechanism moves along the Y-axis and Z-axis, and a positioning block with a positioning groove is provided at the top. Axial limiting blocks and clamping components are provided at both ends of the positioning groove.

[0034] The device for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts of the present invention achieves omnidirectional alignment and measurement between the workpiece (tubular part) and the measuring mechanism in the X, Y and Z axis directions by moving the measuring mechanism and the positioning mechanism. At the same time, it can accurately detect the axial change trend of the hole diameter, breaking through the technical bottleneck that cannot be achieved by coordinate measuring machine detection method and two-dimensional optical method, and solving the problem of measuring small hole diameter.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Based on the above embodiment one, as a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism is fixed on the left side of the horizontally placed base plate, including a one-way slide, a clamping frame and an inner diameter comparator. The lower fixed part of the one-way slide is fixedly connected to the base plate by screws, and the upper movable part is driven by a micrometer to move along the X-axis. The clamping frame is vertically arranged on the top surface of the movable part. The inner diameter comparator is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping frame.

[0037] Preferably, the positioning mechanism is fixed to the right side of the horizontally placed base plate and includes a bidirectional slide, a positioning block, an axial limiting block, and a clamping assembly. The upper movable part of the bidirectional slide is driven by different micrometers to move along the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The positioning block is located at the center of the top surface of the bidirectional slide, and a positioning groove for placing tubular parts is opened through its top surface from left to right. The two sides of the positioning groove are connected to the bidirectional slide by screws. The axial limiting block is located on the left side of the positioning block, and a positioning hole is opened in its center. The two sides are connected to the bidirectional slide by screws. The positioning hole is oriented in the same direction as the positioning groove, and the center of the positioning hole is concentric with the center of the positioning groove. The clamping assembly is used for clamping and positioning the tubular parts and is located on the right side of the positioning block.

[0038] Preferably, the clamping frame is an inverted T-shaped structure, with the horizontal part at the bottom fixed to the one-way slide by screws, and the upper end of the vertical part at the top having a through hole for mounting the inner diameter comparator.

[0039] Preferably, a vertical through groove is provided above the through hole at the upper end of the vertical part, and through holes and threaded holes are provided on both sides of the through groove for installing screws to achieve tight clamping and fixing of the inner diameter comparator.

[0040] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a quick-release caliper and a caliper base. The caliper base is connected to the bidirectional slide by screws. The quick-release caliper is mounted on the caliper base and is a standard universal part used to clamp the end of tubular parts and perform positioning.

[0041] The device for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts of the present invention uses the movement of the measuring mechanism and the positioning mechanism in the X, Y and Z axis directions to combine the inner diameter comparator with the precision slide table and dynamically adjust them to achieve coaxiality between the probe and the workpiece axis. This enables omnidirectional alignment and measurement between the workpiece and the inner diameter comparator in space, and at the same time, it can accurately detect the axial change trend of the hole diameter. This device breaks through the technical bottleneck that coordinate measuring machine detection method and two-dimensional optical method cannot achieve, and solves the problem of measuring small holes.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Based on the above embodiment 2, as a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the clamping frame is provided with a through hole for installing an inner diameter comparator, a through groove is opened above the through hole, and through holes and threaded holes are respectively provided on both sides of the through groove for installing screws to achieve clamping and fixing of the inner diameter comparator; the lower part is provided with symmetrical through holes for connecting a unidirectional slide.

[0044] Preferably, the inner diameter comparator can measure the diameter of a micro-hole with a measurement accuracy of 0.001 mm. The centering error of the inner diameter comparator is 0.05 mm, and the adjustment accuracy margin is 5 times. Its principle is a relative measurement method. Before measurement, it is calibrated and zeroed with a calibrated ring gauge. By comparing the difference with the ring gauge, the actual value of the measured diameter is determined.

[0045] Preferably, the bidirectional slide is driven by a micrometer with a movement accuracy of 0.01 mm when the bottom fixed end is relatively fixed; the upper plane is provided with a threaded hole for connecting other mechanical components.

[0046] Preferably, the positioning groove is V-shaped with an angle of 60°.

[0047] Preferably, the positioning hole is a stepped through hole with an increasing diameter from left to right, used for positioning and guidance, and its center is concentric with the center of the positioning groove. The inner diameter of the stepped through hole is 2mm.

[0048] Preferably, the width of the positioning block is half the width of the top surface of the bidirectional slide.

[0049] Preferably, the micrometer has a movement accuracy of 0.01 mm.

[0050] Preferably, the quick-release caliper is a standard universal component used for clamping and positioning workpieces, and is connected to the caliper seat by screws.

[0051] Preferably, the caliper seat is provided with a mating through hole for passing a fastening screw, which is connected to the quick-release caliper and the bidirectional slide, respectively.

[0052] The detection method of the device for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to the present invention is as follows: the workpiece to be tested (a small-diameter tubular part) is placed in the positioning groove, and its left end is pushed axially to the left into the positioning hole on the axial limiting block. The workpiece is clamped by quick clamps. The unidirectional slide and the bidirectional slide are adjusted together to achieve integrated linkage in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions until the probe axis of the inner diameter comparator is coaxial with the axis of the workpiece to be tested. The unidirectional slide is adjusted so that the probe of the inner diameter comparator moves axially in the inner hole of the workpiece to be tested, and the reading changes are observed to obtain the diameter value at different depths, thereby realizing the dynamic detection of the axial dimension.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious advantages:

[0054] The present invention provides a device for detecting the inner diameter of tubular parts, which combines an inner diameter comparator with a precision slide, enabling omnidirectional alignment and measurement between the workpiece to be measured and the probe of the inner diameter comparator in space. At the same time, it can accurately detect the axial change trend of the hole diameter, breaking through the technical bottleneck that coordinate measuring machine detection method and two-dimensional optical method cannot achieve, and solving the problem of measuring small holes.

[0055] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as being “down” of another element or feature would be positioned “up” of that other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term “down” can include both up and down orientations. The device may be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0056] Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these components.

[0057] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for inspecting the inner diameter of tubular parts, characterized in that, This includes a positioning mechanism for fixing the position of tubular parts and a measuring mechanism for detecting the internal diameter parameters of tubular parts. The measuring mechanism moves along the X-axis; the positioning mechanism moves along the Y-axis and Z-axis, and a positioning block with a positioning groove is provided at the top. Axial limiting blocks and clamping components are provided at opposite ends of the positioning groove. The measuring mechanism is fixed on the left side of a horizontally placed base plate and includes a one-way slide, a clamping frame, and an inner diameter comparator. The lower fixed part of the one-way slide is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the upper movable part is driven by a micrometer to move along the X-axis. The clamping frame is vertically arranged on the top surface of the movable part. The inner diameter comparator is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping frame. The positioning mechanism is fixed to the right side of a horizontally placed base plate and includes a bidirectional slide, a positioning block, an axial limiting block, and a clamping assembly. The upper movable part of the bidirectional slide is driven by different micrometers to move along the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The positioning block is located at the center of the top surface of the bidirectional slide, and a positioning groove for placing tubular parts is opened through its top surface from left to right. The axial limiting block is located on the left side of the positioning block, and a positioning hole is opened at its center. The positioning hole is oriented in the same direction as the positioning groove, and the center of the positioning hole is concentric with the center of the positioning groove. The clamping assembly is used for clamping and positioning tubular parts and is located on the right side of the positioning block. The positioning hole is a stepped through hole with an increasing diameter from left to right.

2. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping frame is an inverted T-shaped structure. The horizontal part at the bottom is fixed to the one-way slide by screws, and the upper end of the vertical part at the top is provided with a through hole for installing the inner diameter comparator.

3. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, A vertical through-hole is opened above the vertical part, and through holes and threaded holes are opened on both sides of the through-hole for installing screws to achieve tight fixation of the inner diameter comparator.

4. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning groove is V-shaped with an angle of 30°-120°.

5. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sides of the axial limiting block are connected to the bidirectional slide by screws.

6. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a quick-release caliper and a caliper base. The caliper base is connected to the bidirectional slide by screws. The quick-release caliper is mounted on the caliper base and is a standard universal part used to clamp the end of tubular parts and perform positioning.

7. The apparatus for detecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the stepped through hole on the axial limiting block is 1-3mm; the width of the positioning block is 1 / 2 of the width of the top surface of the bidirectional slide.

8. A method of using the apparatus for inspecting the inner hole of tubular parts according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Place the workpiece to be tested in the positioning groove, and push its left end axially to the left into the positioning hole on the axial limit block. Clamp the workpiece using the clamping assembly. Adjust the unidirectional slide and bidirectional slide together to achieve integrated linkage in the X, Y, and Z axes until the probe axis of the inner diameter comparator is coaxial with the axis of the workpiece to be tested. Adjust the unidirectional slide to move the probe of the inner diameter comparator axially within the inner hole of the workpiece to be tested, observe the changes in the reading, and obtain the diameter values ​​at different depths to achieve dynamic detection of the axial dimension.

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