Intramedullary Nail Distal Hole Positioning Device and Intramedullary Nail Distal Hole Positioning Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a positioning device for the distal holes of an intramedullary nail. The positioning device for the distal holes of the intramedullary nail includes an aiming bracket adapted to be connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, a cable, an aiming device, and an electric field sensor. The cable extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail into the intramedullary nail and extends to or beyond the distal holes of the intramedullary nail. The aiming device is adjustably mounted on the aiming bracket and is used for aiming at the distal holes of the intramedullary nail. The electric field sensor is detachably mounted in the aiming device and is used for sensing the electric field of the cable. The positioning device for the distal holes of the intramedullary nail according to the present invention facilitates the positioning of the distal holes of the intramedullary nail, reduces the time for fixing the intramedullary nail, and improves the success rate of fixing the intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and specifically, relates to a positioning device for the distal holes of an intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] When treating fractures, the intramedullary nail fixation technique is widely used clinically. The installation of the distal locking nail of the intramedullary nail is a key link in the intramedullary nail fixation technique, and the accuracy of the positioning of the distal nail hole of the intramedullary nail directly affects the surgical quality.

[0003] In related technologies, there are mainly the following three methods for determining the position of the distal nail hole of the intramedullary nail: One is to find the hole position with the aid of an X-ray imaging device during the operation. However, this method not only requires high operating experience for doctors, but also the X-ray will generate a large amount of radiation, causing harm to medical staff and patients; The second is to use the limit aiming technique of a positioning rod. However, this method requires an additional drill hole in the bone tissue, not only with many operating steps, but also adding additional trauma to the patient; The third is to use the magnetic aiming and positioning technique. However, in the process of surgical drilling, due to reasons such as the drill bit edge not being sharp or the drilling speed being relatively fast, the drill bit will slip and deviate, resulting in the deviation of the drilling direction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to some extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a positioning device for the distal holes of an intramedullary nail, which is convenient for positioning the distal holes of the intramedullary nail, reduces the time for intramedullary nail fixation, and improves the success rate of intramedullary nail fixation.

[0006] The positioning device for the distal holes of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a aiming bracket adapted to be connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, a cable, a aiming device, and an electric field sensor. The cable extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail into the intramedullary nail and extends to or beyond the distal hole of the intramedullary nail. The aiming device is adjustably mounted on the aiming bracket for aiming at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail. The electric field sensor is detachably mounted in the aiming device for sensing the electric field of the cable.

[0007] The positioning device for the distal holes of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention senses the electric field generated by the cable through the electric field sensor, and adjusts the position of the aiming device to sense the electric field area generated by the cable. By calculating the midpoint of the electric field area and adjusting the aiming device to the midpoint, the aiming device is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail. Without the aid of X-rays, the operating steps are simple, which is convenient for positioning the distal holes of the intramedullary nail, can reduce the time for intramedullary nail fixation, and improve the success rate of intramedullary nail fixation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the aiming bracket is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail through a threaded interface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail further includes an aiming regulator mounted on the aiming bracket and used for adjusting the aimer.

[0010] In some embodiments, an aiming scale for indicating the position of the aimer is provided on the aiming bracket.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electric field inductor includes a housing, an induction coil for inducing the electric field generated by the cable, and a power supply and a acquisition circuit arranged in the housing. The induction coil and the power supply are connected to the acquisition circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electric field inductor further includes an indicator for indicating that the induction coil induces the electric field generated by the cable.

[0013] In some embodiments, a length scale value for reading the length of the cable extending into the intramedullary nail is provided on the outer skin of the cable.

[0014] In some embodiments, the aiming bracket includes a support frame and a swing rod. The support frame is adapted to be connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. The swing rod is swingably supported by the support frame. The aimer is mounted at one end of the swing rod. The other end of the swing rod is hinged to the support frame. A pressing handwheel is mounted on the pivot between the other end of the swing rod and the support frame. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the usage method of the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric field inductor 5 in the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic circuit distribution diagram of the acquisition circuit in the electric field inductor in the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Signs:

[0020] Support frame 1, swing rod 2, cable 3, sight 4, electric field sensor 5, housing 501, power supply 502, acquisition circuit 503, field effect transistor 5031, resistor 5032, triode 5033, diode 5034, induction coil 504, indicator 505, threaded interface 6, sight adjuster 7, compression handwheel 8, sight scale 9, fixing screw 10, intramedullary nail 11, distal hole 1101, leg 12. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a sighting bracket, a cable 3, a sight 4 and an electric field sensor 5. The sighting bracket is adapted to be connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11. The cable 3 extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 into the interior of the intramedullary nail 11 and extends to or beyond the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. As Figure 1 shown, the head of the cable 3 ( Figure 1 the left end of the cable 3 in Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) is located at or beyond the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. The sight 4 is adjustably mounted on the swing rod 2. As

[0024] shown, the sight 4 is fixedly mounted on the swing rod 2 and is vertically arranged in the up and down direction. The sight 4 is used to aim at the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. The electric field sensor 5 is detachably mounted in the sight 4 and is used to sense the electric field generated by the cable 3.

[0025] For the intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field sensor 5 senses the electric field generated by the cable 3, and the position of the sight 4 is adjusted to sense the electric field area generated by the cable 3. By calculating the midpoint of the electric field area and adjusting the sight to the midpoint, the sight 4 is aligned with the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11, without the need to rely on X-rays. The operation steps are simple, which is convenient for positioning the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, can reduce the time for fixing the intramedullary nail, and improve the success rate of fixing the intramedullary nail. Figure 1As shown, the sight 4 is mounted at the left end of the swing rod 2. The other end of the swing rod 2 is hinged to the support frame 1. The right end of the swing rod 2 is hinged to the support frame 1. A pressing handwheel 8 is mounted on the pivot between the other end of the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1, that is, a pressing handwheel 8 is mounted on the pivot between the right end of the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1, as Figure 1 and 2 shown. When the pressing handwheel 8 is loosened, the swing rod 2 can swing horizontally around the pivot. When the pressing handwheel 8 is tightened, the relative fixation between the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1 is achieved, that is, the position of the swing rod 2 is locked by the pressing handwheel 8, and then the position of the sight 4 is also fixed.

[0026] In some embodiments, the aiming bracket is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 through a threaded interface 6, but the connection manner between the aiming bracket and the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 is not limited to this.

[0027] In some embodiments, the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail further includes an aiming regulator 7 mounted on the aiming bracket and used to adjust the sight 4, as Figure 1 shown. The aiming regulator 7 is arranged at the hinge joint between the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1, and the sight 4 can swing horizontally around the aiming regulator 7.

[0028] In some embodiments, an aiming scale 9 for indicating the position of the sight 4 is provided on the aiming bracket, and the aiming scale 9 can read the angular value of the swing of the sight 4..

[0029] In some embodiments, the electric field inductor 5 includes a housing 501, an induction coil 504 for inducing the electric field generated by the cable 3, and a power supply 502 and a acquisition circuit 503 arranged in the housing 501. The induction coil 504 and the power supply 502 are connected to the acquisition circuit 503, and the power supply 502 supplies power to the acquisition circuit 503, as Figure 3 shown. The induction coil 504 is arranged at the right end of the housing 501. When the electric field inductor 5 is placed in the sight 4, the induction coil 504 is arranged in the direction towards the cable 3.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electric field inductor 5 further includes an indicator 505 for indicating that the induction coil 504 senses the electric field generated by the cable 3. After the induction coil 504 senses the electric field, it will cause the indicator 505 to generate a response, such as a buzzer sounding or a light turning on, but the types of the indicator 505 are not limited to this.

[0031] In some embodiments, the outer skin of the cable 3 has a length scale value for reading the length of the cable 3 extending into the intramedullary nail 11. By reading this scale value, it can be known whether the position where the cable 3 extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 to the intramedullary nail 11 extends to or exceeds the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11.

[0032] As Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the acquisition circuit 503 includes a field effect transistor 5031, a resistor 5032, a triode 5033, and a diode 5034. The three pins of the field effect transistor 5031 are respectively connected to the induction coil 504, the resistor 5032, and the triode 5033. The resistor 5032 is connected to the indicator 505 in series and then connected to the triode 5033. One end of the diode 5034 is connected to the triode 5033, and the other end of the diode 5034 is connected between the resistor 5032 and the field effect transistor 5031. In other words, the diode 5034 is in parallel with the resistor 5032 and the indicator 505. When the acquisition circuit 503 is in a normal state, the field effect transistor 5031 forms a leakage current due to the floating gate, no current flows into the base of the triode 5033, and the indicator 505 is in a non-operating state. When the induction coil 504 senses the electric field of the cable, the induction coil 504 induces an alternating voltage and applies it to the gate of the field effect transistor 5031. The field effect transistor 5031 is turned off, and the voltage of the power supply 502 passes through the resistor 5032 and the diode 5033 and is applied to the base of the triode 5033. The triode 5033 is turned on, and the indicator 505 is in an operating state, that is, the LED light is on or the buzzer sounds. On the basis of this circuit, signal amplification and signal processing can be added to make the electric field sensor 5 more sensitive and accurate.

[0033] In some embodiments, the outer skin of the cable 3 is an insulating layer. The cable 3 is connected to the live wire end of the power supply, and the power supply is an AC power supply. Optionally, the AC power supply can use a safety voltage below 36V. Preferably, the voltage of the AC power supply is 12V.

[0034] The following refers to Figures 1 to 3 Describe the intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device of some specific examples of the present invention.

[0035] The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to the specific example of the present invention includes a aiming bracket, a cable 3, a sight 4, and an electric field sensor 5.

[0036] The aiming bracket includes a support frame 1 and a swing rod 2. The right end of the support frame 1 is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 through a threaded interface 6. The left end of the support frame 1 is hinged to the right end of the swing rod 2. The cable 3 extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 into the interior of the intramedullary nail 11 and extends to or beyond the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. As Figure 1 shown, the head of the cable 3 is located at the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11 or at a position beyond the distal hole 1101. The head of the cable 3 is the left end of the cable 3. The sight 4 is adjustably mounted on the swing rod 2. As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the sight 4 is fixedly mounted on the swing rod 2 and is vertically arranged in the up and down direction. The sight 4 is used to aim at the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. The electric field sensor 5 is detachably mounted in the sight 4 and is used to sense the electric field generated by the cable 3.

[0037] A pressing handwheel 8 is installed on the pivot between the right end of the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1. When the pressing handwheel 8 is loosened, the swing rod can swing horizontally around the pivot. When the pressing handwheel 8 is tightened, the position between the swing rod 2 and the support frame 1 is relatively fixed, that is, the position of the swing rod 2 is locked by the pressing handwheel 8, and then the position of the sight 4 is also fixed.

[0038] The following refers to Figures 1 to 3 Describe the usage method of the intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device for some specific examples of the present invention.

[0039] Insert the cable 3 from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 11 into the intramedullary nail 11 and extend it to or beyond the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11. Power the cable 3 to generate an electric field in the intramedullary nail 11. Install the electric field sensor 5 in the sight 4, use the electric field sensor 5 to detect the electric field generated by the cable 3, adjust the position of the sight 4, record the area where the electric field sensor 5 senses the electric field, calculate the midpoint of the electric field area, and adjust the sight 4 to the midpoint of the electric field area so that the sight 4 is aligned with the distal hole 1101 of the intramedullary nail 11.

[0040] Calculating the midpoint of the electric field area includes swinging the sight 4 to the first position K1 and recording the angle value of the first position K1 as X1. The first position is the first limit position where the electric field generated by the cable 3 can be sensed. Swing the sight 4 to the second position K2 and record the angle value of the first limit position K2 as X2. The second position is the second limit position where the electric field generated by the cable 3 can be sensed. Swing the aiming bracket to the midpoint position K3, and the angle value of this midpoint position is X3, where X3 = (X1 + X2) / 2.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In the present invention, terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device, characterized in that Comprising: A aiming bracket adapted to be connected to the proximal end of an intramedullary nail; A cable that extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail into the intramedullary nail and extends to or beyond the distal hole of the intramedullary nail; A sight that is adjustably mounted on the aiming bracket for aiming at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail; An electric field sensor that is removably mounted in the sight for sensing the electric field of the cable; Insert the cable from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail into the intramedullary nail and extend it to or beyond the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, supply power to the cable to generate an electric field in the intramedullary nail, install the electric field sensor in the sight, use the electric field sensor to detect the electric field generated by the cable, adjust the position of the sight, record the area where the electric field sensor senses the electric field, calculate the midpoint of the electric field area, and adjust the sight to the midpoint of the electric field area so that the sight is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail. Calculating the midpoint of the electric field area includes swinging the sight to the first position K1 and recording the angular value of the first position K1 as X1. The first position is the first limit position where the electric field generated by the cable can be sensed. Swing the sight to the second position K2 and record the angular value of the second limit position K2 as X2. The second position is the second limit position where the electric field generated by the cable can be sensed. Swing the aiming bracket to the midpoint position K3, and the angular value of this midpoint position is X3, where X3 = (X1 + X2) / 2.

2. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aiming bracket is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail through a threaded interface.

3. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes an aiming adjuster mounted on the aiming bracket and used for adjusting the sight.

4. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aiming bracket is provided with an aiming scale for indicating the position of the sight.

5. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The electric field sensor includes a housing, an induction coil for sensing the electric field generated by the cable, and a power supply and a acquisition circuit provided in the housing. The induction coil and the power supply are connected to the acquisition circuit.

6. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electric field sensor further includes an indicator for indicating that the induction coil senses the electric field generated by the cable.

7. The intramedullary nail distal hole positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer skin of the cable has a length scale value for reading the length of the cable inserted into the intramedullary nail.

8. The device for positioning the distal hole of the intramedullary nail according to claim 1, wherein the aiming bracket includes a support frame and a swing rod. The support frame is adapted to be connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail. The swing rod is swingably supported by the support frame. The sight is mounted at one end of the swing rod. The other end of the swing rod is hinged to the support frame. A pressing handwheel is mounted on the pivot between the other end of the swing rod and the support frame.

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