A device and method for detecting the tilt angle of a drilling top drive lifting ring.

Abstract

This invention relates to a drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device and method. The technical solution is as follows: the lower end of the lifting ring is connected to the drill pipe clamp, and the upper end is connected to the top drive body; one end of the tilting cylinder is connected to the top drive body, and the other end is connected to the lifting ring via a lever, the tilting cylinder drives the lever to tilt the lifting ring; a forward tilt switch, a backward tilt switch, and a lifting ring floating operation switch are installed on the driller's top drive control panel. The forward tilt signal connected to the forward tilt switch, the backward tilt signal connected to the backward tilt switch, and the floating signal connected to the lifting ring floating operation switch are respectively connected to the central processing unit. The beneficial effect is that this invention retrieves three sets of operation signals (forward tilt, backward tilt, and floating) from the driller's control panel. When the driller performs lifting ring tilting operations, the top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device can calculate the current tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring by identifying the signal type and operation duration of the driller's operation, thus achieving the protective purpose described in this invention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling and well workover technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting the tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring. Background Technology

[0002] Top drive drilling rigs (or top drives) are important oil drilling equipment, primarily used to drive the drill string to rotate for drilling operations. The hydraulic operating mechanism of the top drive can significantly reduce manual labor and automate drilling operations. The top drive hydraulic system is a crucial component of the top drive drilling rig. During drilling operations, if the top drive lifting ring is tilted at an excessive angle when the driller raises or lowers the traveling block, the extended ring may collide with the secondary platform or other equipment mounted on the derrick, potentially endangering personnel safety. Therefore, although several operating procedures are stipulated on-site to minimize the risk of such accidents, the frequent tilting of the top drive and its constant up-and-down movement near the secondary platform mean that significant risks still exist.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the usual solution is to install a second-floor platform protection device. This device first determines whether the tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring is too large and there is a risk of snagging; secondly, it determines whether the current height of the top drive is about to approach the second-floor platform where snagging may occur. When both conditions are met, the device automatically activates the winch brake to prevent snagging danger.

[0004] Whether the top drive lifting ring is at a dangerous tilt angle is one of the key judgment signals of the second-level platform safety device. Existing detection technologies all obtain the lifting ring angle data signal by adding lifting ring status detection sensors (such as position sensors, angle sensors, or tilt cylinder flow sensors). Adding sensors to the top drive body (where the lifting ring is located) has the following disadvantages: the sensor is installed on the top drive body and moves up and down with the top drive, thus making sensor signal transmission difficult; the top drive operates in an open environment and is affected by harsh weather, so the sensor is greatly affected by humidity and temperature; during construction, the lifting ring often collides with the drill pipe, and the sensor is damaged by direct impact or indirect vibration; the top drive lifting ring needs to be replaced frequently due to different construction conditions. Therefore, installing sensors near the top drive body or lifting ring has many problems and is not a proper solution.

[0005] For example, anti-collision devices are typically installed to prevent the top drive from impacting the drilling platform due to excessively low travel height. As the traveler descends, the minimum protection height is set at the point where the lowest point of the top drive body is about to contact the drilling platform. If the traveler height falls below this protection height, the winch brakes automatically activate. However, in actual construction, the minimum travel height is uncertain due to the unpredictable tilt state of the top drive lifting ring. The minimum limit when the lifting ring is tilted is higher than the minimum limit when it is floating, making the anti-collision function inaccurate. If the minimum limit height is set based on the tilt state of the lifting ring, then when the traveling block is lowered in a floating state, the minimum limit point has not been reached, and the protection has not yet taken effect before the lifting ring impacts the drilling platform. If the minimum protection height is set based on the floating state of the lifting ring, then during drilling, the driller will usually tilt the top drive lifting ring to its maximum angle before continuing to lower the traveler to extend the effective drilling footage. In this case, the anti-collision device may malfunction and affect normal construction. Currently, there is no good solution to this problem.

[0006] This invention solves the problem by calculating the tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring and correcting the minimum limit height, achieving accurate protection without affecting normal construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned deficiencies in the existing technology by providing a drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device and method. By extracting three sets of operation signals—forward tilt, backward tilt, and floating—from the top drive driller's control box, the top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device can calculate the current tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring by identifying the signal type and operation duration during the driller's lifting ring tilting operation. This achieves accurate protection without affecting normal construction.

[0008] The present invention mentions a drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device, the technical solution of which includes a central processing unit, a forward tilt switch (S1), a backward tilt switch (S2), a lifting ring floating operation switch (S3), a tilting cylinder (1), a rod gun (2), a lifting ring (3), and a drill pipe clamp (4). The lower end of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the drill pipe clamp (4), and the upper end is connected to the top drive body (5). One end of the tilting cylinder (1) is connected to the top drive body (5), and the other end is connected to the lifting ring (3) through the rod gun (2). The tilting cylinder (1) drives the rod gun (2) to tilt the lifting ring (3).

[0009] The forward tilt switch (S1), backward tilt switch (S2) and the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) are installed on the driller's top drive control panel. The forward tilt signal connected to the forward tilt switch (S1), the backward tilt signal connected to the backward tilt switch (S2) and the floating signal connected to the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) are respectively connected to the central processing unit.

[0010] The central processing unit starts timing synchronously when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned on, and stops timing when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned off, thus obtaining the operation time of the tilt switch. The operation time is then proportionally correlated with the top drive angle to obtain the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle. When the floating button is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle is reset to zero, and the value of the timing component is simultaneously cleared to zero, so the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle is also zero at this time.

[0011] Preferably, the aforementioned rod gun (2) is connected to the middle of the lifting ring (3) via a clamp (6).

[0012] Preferably, the top of the aforementioned lifting ring (3) is connected to the top drive body (5) through a ring structure, and the bottom of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the drill pipe hanger (4) through a ring structure.

[0013] Preferably, the central processing unit mentioned above is a PLC or a microcontroller.

[0014] The present invention discloses a method for detecting the tilt angle of a drilling top drive lifting ring, comprising the following steps:

[0015] When the top drive lifting ring is tilted forward, the tilting switch (S1) is closed, the tilting cylinder rod retracts, and the lifting ring is tilted forward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring forward to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilting angle. The longer the tilting switch (S1) is closed, the greater the tilting angle of the lifting ring, until the tilting cylinder rod is fully retracted, reaching the maximum tilting angle.

[0016] When the top drive lifting ring is tilted backward, the tilt switch (S2) is closed, the tilt cylinder rod extends, and the lifting ring is tilted backward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilt angle. The longer the tilt switch (S2) is closed, the greater the tilt angle of the lifting ring, until the tilt cylinder rod is fully extended.

[0017] Regardless of the tilt angle of the lifting ring, when the top drive lifting ring float switch (S3) is pressed, the lifting ring float operation switch (S3) closes, the oil inlet and return channels of the tilt cylinder are connected, and the lifting ring returns to the vertical state under the action of gravity. After each forward or backward tilt operation by the driller, the construction work is completed, and the lifting ring is tilted back to the vertical floating state by the float button.

[0018] The central processing unit of the lifting ring tilt angle detection device collects and counts the operation time of the forward tilt switch (S1) and the backward tilt switch (S2), and correlates the operation time with the lifting ring tilt angle to obtain the lifting ring tilt angle data. When the top drive lifting ring floating switch (S3) is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle returns to zero.

[0019] Preferably, the angle calculation method is as follows: First, rotate the lifting ring from the floating position, i.e., 0 angle, to the maximum forward tilt angle. Let the maximum angle reached by the lifting ring be θ, and the operation time of the forward tilt switch be T. Obtain the value of θ by measurement. Let the average angular velocity of the lifting ring during the forward tilt operation be V, then V = θ / T. The central processing unit times the duration of each forward tilt operation. Using the formula θ = V*T, the tilt angle of the lifting ring corresponding to each forward tilt operation can be calculated. Similarly, the backward tilt angle of the lifting ring can be obtained.

[0020] Preferably, the driller operates the tilt switch to tilt the lifting ring to a position where it is about to rub against the second platform. At the same time, the tilt detection device's central processing unit records the duration of this operation, which is set as M. M is then set as the protection trigger value and stored in the central processing unit.

[0021] Preferably, the lifting ring angle detection device continuously compares the current tilting operation time with the set value M during construction. If the tilting operation time is detected to be greater than M, the top drive lifting ring danger angle signal will be triggered immediately.

[0022] This danger angle signal is provided to the second-floor platform safety device. When the top drive is about to enter the danger height area of ​​the second-floor platform, the second-floor platform safety device will immediately activate the brakes to prevent an accident.

[0023] Similarly, the forward tilt of the lifting ring is set according to the above steps, identifying dangerous angles and outputting signals to achieve the second-floor platform protection function.

[0024] This invention mentions a method for detecting the tilt angle of the drilling top drive lifting ring, and its application in realizing the anti-fall-down function of the traveling block is as follows:

[0025] 1. The lifting ring is in a floating state, and the lifting clamp is suspended at the lower end of the lifting ring. When the traveling block continues to lower, the lifting clamp will hit the drilling platform. Therefore, the current height of the traveling block is the protection setting height of the traveling block anti-fall device, and the index value H1 can be measured.

[0026] Second, when the lifting ring is at a certain tilt angle, it can be seen that the change in the tilt angle of the lifting ring causes a change in the minimum height that the traveling trolley can be lowered. Therefore, even if the traveling trolley is at the same height, the minimum height that the traveling trolley can be lowered is different due to the different tilt states of the top drive lifting ring. Therefore, the height set by the traveling trolley anti-fall device should also be changed accordingly.

[0027] 3. Using the formula θ=V*T to calculate the tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring, the current tilt angle θ of the lifting ring can be obtained; given that the total length of the lifting ring and the lifting clamp is L, let the vertical mapping length of the total length of the lifting ring and the lifting clamp be F. Through the trigonometric function formula, we know that F=L*Cosθ; compared with the change in the height of the traveling trolley anti-fall protection position is LF, therefore, the height of the traveling trolley anti-fall protection position should be set as: H2=H1-(LF);

[0028] IV. When the tilt angle of the lifting ring continues to increase, and the height of the bottom of the lifting clamp is greater than the horizontal height of the top drive back clamp, the minimum height at which the traveling trolley can be lowered is determined by the height of the lowest point of the top drive back clamp. It is known that the length from the lifting ring lug to the lower end of the top drive back clamp is E, and the change in height of the traveling trolley anti-fall protection position is LE. Therefore, when F≤E, the protection setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device should be set as: H3=H1-(LE).

[0029] V. As can be seen from the above, when F>E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H2=H1-(LF); when F≤E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H3=H1-(LE);

[0030] In the above calculations, the values ​​of H1 and L are known, and the tilt angle θ of the lifting ring can be obtained through this invention. Therefore, the central processing unit can pre-set the program according to the above formula and calculate the accurate anti-fall protection starting height, so as to automatically adjust the protection setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device according to the tilt state of the lifting ring, thereby achieving the purpose of safety protection.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: During use, different tilt angles are adopted according to the working conditions. The magnitude of the tilt angle is directly proportional to the operation time of the tilt switch; the longer the operation time, the larger the tilt angle. Based on this characteristic, the central processing unit collects the operation time of the tilt switch and correlates the operation time with the tilt angle to calculate the corresponding lifting ring angle. This data is transmitted to the second-level platform protection device or the traveling block anti-fall device as a judgment basis. Therefore, this invention extracts three sets of operation signals—forward tilt, backward tilt, and floating—from the top drive driller's control box. When the driller performs lifting ring tilting operations, the top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device identifies the signal type and operation time of the driller's operation, thus calculating the current tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring and achieving accurate protection. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Appendix Figure 1 This is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention;

[0034] Appendix Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of application case one.

[0035] Appendix Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of application case one.

[0036] Appendix Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of application example two of the present invention.

[0037] Appendix Figure 6This is a structural schematic diagram of application example two of the present invention.

[0038] Appendix Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of application example two of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram above: forward tilt switch S1, backward tilt switch S2, floating operation switch of lifting ring S3, tilting cylinder 1, rod gun 2, lifting ring 3, drill pipe clamp 4, top drive body 5, clamp 6. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] Example 1: The drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device mentioned in this invention includes a central processing unit, a forward tilt switch S1, a backward tilt switch S2, a lifting ring floating operation switch S3, a tilting cylinder 1, a rod gun 2, a lifting ring 3, and a drill pipe clamp 4. The lower end of the lifting ring 3 is connected to the drill pipe clamp 4, and the upper end is connected to the top drive body 5. One end of the tilting cylinder 1 is connected to the top drive body 5, and the other end is connected to the clamp 6 through the rod gun 2. The clamp 6 is fixed to the lifting ring 3, and the tilting cylinder 1 drives the rod gun 2 to tilt the lifting ring 3.

[0042] The forward tilt switch S1, the backward tilt switch S2, and the lifting ring floating operation switch S3 are installed on the driller's top drive control box panel. The forward tilt signal connected to the forward tilt switch S1, the backward tilt signal connected to the backward tilt switch S2, and the floating signal connected to the lifting ring floating operation switch S3 are respectively connected to the central processing unit.

[0043] The central processing unit starts timing synchronously when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned on, and stops timing when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned off, thus obtaining the operation time of the tilt switch. The operation time is then proportionally correlated with the top drive angle to obtain the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle. When the floating button is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle is reset to zero, and the value of the timing component is simultaneously cleared to zero, so the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle is also zero at this time.

[0044] Preferably, the aforementioned lever 2 is connected to the middle of the lifting ring 3 via a clamp 6.

[0045] Preferably, the top of the lifting ring 3 is connected to the top drive body 5 via a ring structure, and the bottom of the lifting ring 3 is connected to the drill pipe hanger 4 via a ring structure.

[0046] Preferably, the central processing unit mentioned above is a PLC or a microcontroller.

[0047] The present invention discloses a method for detecting the tilt angle of a drilling top drive lifting ring, comprising the following steps:

[0048] When the top drive lifting ring is tilted forward, the tilting switch S1 is closed, the tilting cylinder rod retracts, and the lifting ring is tilted forward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring forward to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilting angle. The longer the tilting switch S1 is closed, the greater the tilting angle of the lifting ring, until the tilting cylinder rod is fully retracted, reaching the maximum tilting angle.

[0049] When the top drive lifting ring is tilted backward, the tilt switch S2 is closed, the tilt cylinder rod extends, and the lifting ring is tilted backward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilt angle. The longer the tilt switch S2 is closed, the greater the tilt angle of the lifting ring, until the tilt cylinder rod is fully extended.

[0050] Regardless of the tilt angle of the lifting ring, when the top drive lifting ring floating switch S3 is pressed, the lifting ring floating operation switch S3 closes, the oil inlet and return channels of the tilting cylinder are connected, and the lifting ring returns to the vertical state under the action of gravity. After each forward or backward tilting operation by the driller, the construction work is completed, and the lifting ring is tilted back to the vertical floating state by the floating button.

[0051] The central processing unit of the lifting ring tilt angle detection device collects and times the operation time of the forward tilt switch S1 and the backward tilt switch S2 respectively, and correlates the operation time with the lifting ring tilt angle to obtain the lifting ring tilt angle data. When the top drive lifting ring floating switch S3 is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle returns to zero.

[0052] Preferably, the angle calculation method is as follows: First, rotate the lifting ring from the floating position, i.e., 0 angle, to the maximum forward tilt angle. Let the maximum angle reached by the lifting ring be θ, and the operation time of the forward tilt switch be T. Obtain the value of θ by measurement. Let the average angular velocity of the lifting ring during the forward tilt operation be V, then V = θ / T. The central processing unit times the duration of each forward tilt operation. Using the formula θ = V*T, the tilt angle of the lifting ring corresponding to each forward tilt operation can be calculated. Similarly, the backward tilt angle of the lifting ring can be obtained.

[0053] Preferably, the driller operates the tilt switch to tilt the lifting ring to a position where it is about to rub against the second platform. At the same time, the tilt detection device's central processing unit records the duration of this operation, which is set as M. M is then set as the protection trigger value and stored in the central processing unit.

[0054] Preferably, the lifting ring angle detection device continuously compares the current tilting operation time with the set value M during construction. If the tilting operation time is detected to be greater than M, the top drive lifting ring danger angle signal will be triggered immediately.

[0055] This danger angle signal is provided to the second-floor platform safety device. When the top drive is about to enter the danger height area of ​​the second-floor platform, the second-floor platform safety device will immediately activate the brakes to prevent an accident.

[0056] Similarly, the forward tilt of the lifting ring is set according to the above steps, identifying dangerous angles and outputting signals to achieve the second-floor platform protection function.

[0057] Application Case 1: Application of the Hanging Ring Tilt Angle Detection Device in Achieving the Second-Level Platform Protection Function

[0058] 1. The initial position of the lifting ring after floating is set to the vertical direction, with an angle of 0 degrees. The dangerous tilt angle corresponding to forward tilt is set as θ1, and the dangerous tilt angle corresponding to backward tilt is set as θ2. When the top drive moves up and down in the area of ​​the second-floor platform, if the forward tilt angle of the lifting ring is greater than θ1 or the backward tilt angle is greater than θ2, a snagging accident will occur.

[0059] 2. Start timing when the forward tilt switch is operated. The ring starts to rotate forward from the initial position of 0 degrees. When it reaches the forward tilt angle θ1, the duration of the forward tilt switch closing is T1. Similarly, start timing when the backward tilt switch is operated from the initial position of 0 degrees. The ring starts to rotate backward from the initial position of 0 degrees. When it reaches the backward tilt angle θ2, the duration of the backward tilt switch closing is T2.

[0060] 3. Each time the driller tilts the lifting ring, the central processing unit (microcontroller / PLC) will time the tilt switch closing time. When the forward tilt switch closing time is longer than T1 or the backward tilt switch closing time is longer than T2, the device will output a danger angle signal.

[0061] 4. By installing encoders and other technologies on the winch, the top drive danger height signal can be obtained (this technology is not included in this invention). When both the danger angle signal and the danger height signal are present, the device will activate the brake output to control the winch to stop rotating.

[0062] 5. As attached Figure 3 As shown, the driller operates the tilt switch to tilt the lifting ring to a position where it is about to rub against the second platform. At the same time, the tilt detection device's central processing unit (microcontroller / PLC) records the duration of this operation. Let this duration be M, set M as the protection trigger value and store it in the central processing unit (microcontroller / PLC).

[0063] 6. During construction, the lifting ring angle detection device continuously compares the current backward tilting operation time with the set value M. If the detected backward tilting operation time is greater than M, the top drive lifting ring danger angle signal will be triggered immediately.

[0064] 7. This danger angle signal is provided to the second-floor platform safety device when the top drive is about to enter the danger height area of ​​the second-floor platform (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 4 The second-floor safety device will immediately activate the brakes to prevent an accident.

[0065] 8. Similarly, the forward tilt of the lifting ring is also set according to the above steps, identifying dangerous angles and outputting signals to achieve the second-floor platform protection function.

[0066] Example 2, Application Case Two of the Invention: Application of the Hanging Ring Tilt Angle Detection Device in Realizing the Anti-Falling Function of the Traveling Cart:

[0067] The traveling block anti-fall-down function requires a pre-set minimum height to which the traveling block can be lowered. If the traveling block continues to lower below this height, the winch will automatically brake to prevent the top drive from impacting the drilling platform. If the minimum height set for the traveling block anti-fall-down function is too high, it will not achieve the protective purpose; if it is set too low, it will frequently trigger malfunctions, affecting normal construction operations. Because the tilt angle of the lifting ring changes constantly with different construction conditions, the minimum lowering height of the traveling block also changes accordingly, making the set height for the traveling block anti-fall-down function uncertain and unable to achieve precise protection. Using the technology of this invention, the current tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring can be directly correlated with the minimum lowering height of the traveling block. The minimum lowering height of the traveling block set for the anti-fall-down function changes with the tilt angle of the lifting ring, thus achieving accurate protection.

[0068] The following explanation, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the following:

[0069] I. Appendix Figure 5 With the lifting ring in a floating state and the hanging clamp suspended at the lower end of the lifting ring, the hanging clamp will hit the drilling platform when the traveling trolley continues to descend. Therefore, the current height of the traveling trolley is the protective setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device, and the index value can be measured as H1.

[0070] II. Appendix Figure 6 With the lifting ring at a certain tilt angle, compare it with the attached... Figure 5 With appendix Figure 6 It can be seen that the change in the tilt angle of the lifting ring causes a change in the minimum height at which the traveling carriage can be lowered. Therefore, even if the traveling carriage is at the same height, the minimum height at which the traveling carriage can be lowered will be different due to different tilt states of the top drive lifting ring. Thus, the height set for the traveling carriage anti-fall device should also be changed accordingly.

[0071] III. Using the top drive lifting ring tilt angle calculation formula θ=V*T provided by this invention, the current tilt angle θ of the lifting ring can be obtained. Given that the total length of the lifting ring and clamp is L, let the vertical mapping length of the total length of the lifting ring and clamp be F. Using trigonometric function formulas, we know that F=L*Cosθ. (Appendix) Figure 6 With appendix Figure 5 Compared to the height change of the anti-fall protection position of the touring car being LF, therefore, attached Figure 6The height of the anti-fall protection position for midstream vehicles should be set as: H2 = H1 - (LF).

[0072] IV. As the tilt angle of the lifting ring continues to increase, and the height of the bottom of the lifting clamp exceeds the horizontal height of the top drive back clamp, the minimum height at which the traveling block can be lowered is determined by the height of the lowest point of the top drive back clamp. (See attached...) Figure 7 As shown, the length from the lifting eyelet to the lower end of the top drive back clamp is E. Figure 7 With appendix Figure 5 Since the height change of the travel carriage anti-fall protection position is LE, when F≤E, the protection setting height of the travel carriage anti-fall device should be set as: H3=H1-(LE).

[0073] V. As can be seen from the above, when F>E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H2=H1-(LF); when F≤E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H3=H1-(LE).

[0074] VI. In the above calculations, the values ​​of H1 and L are known, and the tilt angle θ of the lifting ring can be obtained through this invention. Therefore, the central processing unit can pre-set the program according to the above formula and calculate the accurate anti-fall protection starting height, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the protection setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device according to the tilt state of the lifting ring, thereby achieving the purpose of safety protection.

[0075] The above description is merely a partial preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify the described technical solutions or convert them into equivalent solutions. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection method for a drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device, characterized in that: The drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device includes a central processing unit, a forward tilt switch (S1), a backward tilt switch (S2), a lifting ring floating operation switch (S3), a tilting cylinder (1), a rod gun (2), a lifting ring (3), and a drill pipe clamp (4). The lower end of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the drill pipe clamp (4), and the upper end is connected to the top drive body (5). One end of the tilting cylinder (1) is connected to the top drive body (5), and the other end is connected to the lifting ring (3) through the rod gun (2). The tilting cylinder (1) drives the rod gun (2) to tilt the lifting ring (3). The forward tilt switch (S1), backward tilt switch (S2) and the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) are installed on the driller's top drive control panel. The forward tilt signal connected to the forward tilt switch (S1), the backward tilt signal connected to the backward tilt switch (S2) and the floating signal connected to the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) are respectively connected to the central processing unit. The central processing unit starts timing synchronously when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned on, and stops timing when the tilt-forward or tilt-back switch is turned off, thus obtaining the operation time of the tilt switch. The operation time is then proportionally correlated with the top drive angle to obtain the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle. When the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle is reset to zero, and the timing value of the central processing unit is simultaneously cleared to zero, so the corresponding lifting ring tilt angle is also zero at this time. The rod gun (2) is connected to the middle of the lifting ring (3) by a clamp (6); The top of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the top drive body (5) through a ring structure, and the bottom of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the drill pipe hanger (4) through a ring structure. The central processing unit is either a PLC or a microcontroller; The detection method for the drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device includes the following process: When the top drive lifting ring is tilted forward, the tilting switch (S1) is closed, the tilting cylinder rod retracts, and the lifting ring is tilted forward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring forward to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilting angle. The longer the tilting switch (S1) is closed, the greater the tilting angle of the lifting ring, until the tilting cylinder rod is fully retracted, reaching the maximum tilting angle. When the top drive lifting ring is tilted backward, the tilt switch (S2) is closed, the tilt cylinder rod extends, and the lifting ring is tilted backward at a certain angle. After the driller tilts the top drive lifting ring to the required angle, the operation is stopped, the switch is opened, and the lifting ring is locked at that tilt angle. The longer the tilt switch (S2) is closed, the greater the tilt angle of the lifting ring, until the tilt cylinder rod is fully extended. Regardless of the tilt angle of the lifting ring, when the top drive lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) is pressed, the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) closes, the oil inlet and return channels of the tilting cylinder are connected, and the lifting ring returns to the vertical state under the action of gravity. After each forward tilt or backward tilt operation by the driller, the construction work is completed, and the lifting ring is tilted back to the vertical floating state by the lifting ring floating operation switch (S3). The central processing unit of the lifting ring tilt angle detection device collects and counts the operation time of the forward tilt switch (S1) and the backward tilt switch (S2) respectively, and correlates the operation time with the lifting ring tilt angle to obtain the lifting ring tilt angle data. When the top drive lifting ring floating operation switch (S3) is pressed, the lifting ring tilt angle returns to zero. The following are applications in implementing the anti-fall-down function for tow trucks:

1. The lifting ring is in a floating state, and the drill pipe hanger is suspended at the lower end of the lifting ring. When the traveling block continues to descend, the drill pipe hanger will hit the drill platform. Therefore, the current height of the traveling block is the protection setting height of the traveling block anti-fall device, and the index value H1 can be measured. Second, when the lifting ring is at a certain tilt angle, it can be seen that the change in the tilt angle of the lifting ring causes a change in the minimum height that the traveling trolley can be lowered. Therefore, even if the traveling trolley is at the same height, the minimum height that the traveling trolley can be lowered is different due to the different tilt states of the top drive lifting ring. Therefore, the height set by the traveling trolley anti-fall device should also be changed accordingly.

3. Using the formula θ=V*T to calculate the tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring, the current tilt angle θ of the lifting ring is obtained; given that the total length of the lifting ring and drill pipe clamp is L, let the vertical mapping length of the total length of the lifting ring and drill pipe clamp be F. Through the trigonometric function formula, we know that F=L*Cosθ; compared with the change in the height of the traveling block anti-fall protection position, which is LF, the protection setting height of the traveling block anti-fall device should be set as: H2=H1-(LF); IV. When the tilt angle of the lifting ring continues to increase, and the height of the bottom of the drill pipe chuck is greater than the horizontal height of the top drive back tong, the minimum height at which the traveling block can be lowered is determined by the height of the lowest point of the top drive back tong. Given that the length from the lifting ring lug to the lower end of the top drive back tong is E, and the change in height of the traveling block anti-fall protection position is LE, therefore, when F≤E, the protection setting height of the traveling block anti-fall device should be set as: H3=H1-(LE). V. As can be seen from the above, when F>E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H2=H1-(LF); when F≤E, the protective setting height of the traveling car anti-fall device is H3=H1-(LE); VI. In the above calculations, the values ​​of H1 and L are known, and the tilt angle θ of the lifting ring can also be obtained. Therefore, the central processing unit pre-sets the program according to the above formula, and calculates the accurate protection setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device. This enables the automatic adjustment of the protection setting height of the traveling trolley anti-fall device according to the tilt state of the lifting ring, thereby achieving the purpose of safety protection.

2. The detection method of the drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle calculation method is as follows: First, rotate the lifting ring from the floating position, i.e., 0 angle, to the maximum forward tilt angle. Let the maximum angle reached by the lifting ring be θ, and the operation time of the forward tilt switch be T. Obtain the value of θ by measurement. Let the average angular velocity of the lifting ring during the forward tilt operation be V, then V = θ / T. The central processing unit times the duration of each forward tilt operation. Using the formula θ = V*T, the tilt angle of the lifting ring corresponding to each forward tilt operation can be calculated. Similarly, the backward tilt angle of the lifting ring can be obtained.

3. The detection method of the drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driller operates the tilt switch to tilt the lifting ring to a position where it is about to rub against the second platform. At the same time, the central processing unit of the lifting ring tilt angle detection device records the duration of this operation. Let this duration be M, set M as the protection trigger value and store it in the central processing unit.

4. The detection method of the drilling top drive lifting ring tilt angle detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting ring tilt angle detection device continuously compares the current tilting operation time with the set value M during construction. If the tilting operation time is detected to be greater than M, the top drive lifting ring danger angle signal will be triggered immediately. This danger angle signal is provided to the second-floor platform safety device. When the top drive is about to enter the danger height area of ​​the second-floor platform, the second-floor platform safety device will immediately activate the brakes to prevent an accident. Similarly, the forward tilt of the lifting ring is set according to the above steps, identifying dangerous angles and outputting signals to achieve the second-floor platform protection function.

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