A fresh air distribution structure for a fresh air supply shaft of a building

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fresh air distribution structure for a building air supply shaft. The building includes a fresh air distribution layer, a plurality of flat floors, and a plurality of air supply shafts. The plurality of air supply shafts are respectively communicated with the fresh air distribution layer and the plurality of flat floors. A air supply channel is provided in the fresh air distribution layer. At least one total fresh air module and / or a plurality of sub-fresh air modules are respectively communicated with the plurality of air supply shafts through the air supply channel, so as to send outside fresh air into the plurality of air supply shafts. Therefore, the present invention can effectively transport fresh air to the air supply shafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation in buildings, and particularly relates to a fresh air distribution structure for a fresh air supply shaft in a building. Background Art

[0002] Under the traditional building design specifications, the building structure design needs to meet the rigid constraints of natural ventilation and lighting indicators.

[0003] To make a building meet the restrictive requirements of natural lighting and ventilation, designers must adopt technical measures such as multiple separate buildings, reducing the thickness of a single building, and setting lighting and ventilation construction joints in each building to achieve north-south transparency of the building, make the windows of the kitchen and bathroom face outward, and ensure sufficient natural lighting and ventilation.

[0004] However, adopting technical measures such as multiple separate buildings, reducing the thickness of a single building, and setting dedicated lighting and ventilation construction joints in each building will inevitably lead to a large external facade area and a small effective building area for each building. Finally, in terms of the specific surface area index, it means that the specific surface area of the building is large.

[0005] The plot ratio of a building group is the ratio of the total above-ground building area of the building group to the total floor area, reflecting the space utilization coefficient and the degree of congestion. The specific surface area of a building is the ratio of the total external surface area of the building to the total building area, and is the core index reflecting the energy characteristics and structural characteristics of the building. A large specific surface area of a building is one of the fundamental reasons for the large external surface area of the building, the large external surface area evenly distributed per unit building area of the living space, high building energy consumption, high consumption of external wall materials, complex construction technology, low overall plot ratio of the building group, and high housing prices.

[0006] High housing prices and high residential building energy consumption are two major problems that the real estate industry has been much criticized for. The main reason for high housing prices is undoubtedly land prices, but the plot ratio is also a hedging factor for housing prices. A low plot ratio further raises housing prices, while a high plot ratio reduces housing prices.

[0007] The reason why residential building energy consumption remains high is undoubtedly related to the performance of wall insulation materials and the performance of residential energy equipment such as air conditioners. However, the plot ratio and the specific surface area of residential buildings are also hedging factors. A high plot ratio and a small specific surface area of residential buildings mean that the external wall surface area evenly distributed per unit building area of the living space is small, the intensity of energy exchange with the environment is low, and the building energy consumption is low; on the contrary, a low plot ratio and a large specific surface area of residential buildings mean that the external wall surface area evenly distributed per unit building area of the living space is large, the intensity of energy exchange with the environment is high, and the building energy consumption is high.

[0008] At present, the plot ratio index of residential building groups and the specific surface area index of residential buildings are restricted by traditional planning codes and architectural design codes, which restricts the innovative development of residential buildings. Promoting a major leap in residential building technology and supporting technologies, breaking through the constraints of traditional planning codes and architectural design codes, and significantly increasing the plot ratio of building groups and significantly reducing the specific surface area of buildings are the only options to solve the two major problems of the high housing price and high energy consumption of residential buildings that have been much criticized in the real estate industry.

[0009] To reduce the specific surface area of buildings and increase the plot ratio, there is only one way, which is to increase the three-dimensional scale of buildings and the building volume. The key to determining whether this way is feasible is the ventilation problem inside the buildings. If the ventilation problem in the deep part of the buildings can be solved, that is, the problem of fresh air entering and dirty air exhausting, the goals of increasing the three-dimensional scale of buildings, increasing the building volume, reducing the specific surface area, and increasing the plot ratio can be achieved.

[0010] When using a fresh air system for ventilation inside buildings, several air supply shafts are usually used to supply air to each floor of the building. However, how to effectively supply fresh air to the air supply shafts has become the current research focus and difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fresh air distribution structure for a building air supply shaft. The building includes a fresh air distribution layer, several floors, and several air supply shafts. The several air supply shafts are respectively communicated with the fresh air distribution layer and the several floors;

[0012] A air supply channel is provided in the fresh air distribution layer. At least one main fresh air module and / or several sub-fresh air modules are respectively communicated with the several air supply shafts through the air supply channel, and can send outside fresh air into the several air supply shafts.

[0013] Preferably, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer. A main fresh air module is provided on the main air supply opening. The main fresh air module can send fresh air to the several air supply shafts through the air supply channel.

[0014] Preferably, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the air supply and distribution layer;

[0015] The air supply channel includes a main air supply channel, several sub-air supply channels, and several air cavities. At least one end of the main air supply channel is communicated with the main air supply opening. The several air cavities are respectively communicated with the main air supply channel through the several sub-air supply channels. A sub-fresh air module is provided on each sub-air supply channel. The circumferential direction of each air cavity is spaced and communicated with the several air supply shafts.

[0016] Preferably, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer;

[0017] The air supply channel includes a main air supply channel and a plurality of sub-air supply channels. The main air supply channel is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer, and at least one end thereof is communicated with the main air supply opening.

[0018] A plurality of the sub-air supply channels are respectively horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer and communicated with the main air supply channel.

[0019] The main air supply opening is provided with the main fresh air module, and / or a plurality of the sub-air supply channels are provided with sub-fresh air modules. A plurality of the air supply shafts transport fresh air through the main fresh air module and / or a plurality of the sub-fresh air modules.

[0020] Preferably, one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer. One end of the main air supply channel is closed, and the other end is communicated with the main air supply opening.

[0021] Preferably, one main air supply opening is respectively provided on the outer walls of two opposite sides of the fresh air distribution layer. Two ends of the main air supply channel are respectively communicated with the two main air supply openings.

[0022] Preferably, both the main fresh air module and the sub-fresh air module include fresh air blowers.

[0023] Preferably, both the main fresh air module and the sub-fresh air module include fresh air pretreatment modules for preprocessing fresh air.

[0024] Preferably, one main fresh air module is provided on the main air supply opening. This main fresh air module includes a main housing, a main fresh air blower and a main fresh air pretreatment module. The main housing is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer. An air inlet cavity is provided in the main housing. The main air inlet cavity includes a front part, a middle part and a rear part which are communicated with each other. The main fresh air pretreatment module is arranged in the front part of the main air inlet cavity. The front part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere. The main fresh air blower is arranged in the rear part of the main air inlet cavity. The rear part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply opening. One air outlet is respectively formed on both sides of the main housing. This air outlet corresponds to the middle part of the main air inlet cavity. One door is respectively provided on the two air outlets. The two doors can be opened towards the middle part of the main air inlet cavity. When the two doors are opened, the front part of the main air inlet cavity is separated from the middle part through these two doors. The air outlet is communicated with the rear part of the main air inlet cavity. When the two doors close the two air outlets, the front part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the middle part.

[0025] Preferably, a double air duct is arranged in the sub-air supply channel. Two air outlets of this double air duct are communicated with at least one air supply shaft.

[0026] Two air inlets of this double air duct can be alternately opened through a sliding door.

[0027] One of the sub-fresh air modules is arranged in one of the two air ducts.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0029] 1. The intensiveness and operation efficiency of the fresh air inlet module for large-scale and extra-large-scale buildings are improved.

[0030] The present invention serves buildings that use vertical shafts for air supply instead of window ventilation or conventional two-way fresh air systems. Buildings that use vertical shafts for air supply are all large-scale and extra-large-scale buildings, and multiple air supply vertical shafts are used to deliver fresh air to each wind-receiving point on each floor. The total fresh air volume is huge, usually on the order of 10 5 m 3 / h. For such large-scale and extra-large-scale buildings, if air supply is carried out at multiple points in layers and zones, it will cause too many fresh air inlet modules to be set in the building, resulting in difficulties in management, maintenance, and reduced operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0031] The present invention centralizes the air inlet modules of several air supply vertical shafts of large-scale and extra-large-scale buildings to a dedicated floor for unified setting and management, reducing the equipment procurement cost, on-site construction and installation cost, and operation and maintenance cost of the fresh air module, improving the intensiveness of the fresh air module and operation and maintenance, and improving the operation efficiency and operation quality of the fresh air module.

[0032] 2. The safety guarantee level of the fresh air system of the building is improved.

[0033] How to prevent the pre-treated clean fresh air from being mixed with other harmful substances and contaminated before being sent to each floor of the building is a major problem in the design of the fresh air system.

[0034] The present invention sets a fresh air distribution floor for the building and several air supply vertical shafts connected to the fresh air distribution floor, and implements multi-point positive pressure air supply to each floor, directly sending fresh air to each floor. From the technical and material levels, it eliminates the possibility of various pollution sources and pollutants from mixing into and leaking into the fresh air system, ensuring the sealing, reliability, and safety of fresh air production and transportation, and improving the safety guarantee level of the fresh air system of the building.

[0035] The present invention implements multi-point positive pressure air supply to each floor, directly sending fresh air to each point and each functional space unit on each floor, and also greatly improves the fire emergency response ability of the building: when a safety event such as a fire occurs in a certain area on a certain floor of the building, as long as the people in the fire area enter the functional space unit close to the air supply vertical shaft, they enter the safe area. There is no need to cover the face with a wet towel or cover the mouth and nose, or even risk their lives to climb down the building along a rope. They can just wait calmly for rescue, thus greatly improving the fire emergency response ability of the building. Description of the Drawings

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a building where the fresh air distribution structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention is located;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the fresh air distribution structure provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fresh air distribution layer without a total fresh air module provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fresh air distribution layer with both a total fresh air module and a sub-fresh air module provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh air sub-channel in the third fresh air distribution layer provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh air distribution layer provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh air sub-channel provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] The following will combine Figures 1 to 7 to describe in detail a fresh air distribution structure for a building air supply shaft provided by the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Those skilled in the art can modify and polish it without changing the spirit and content of the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a fresh air distribution structure for a building air supply shaft, the building includes a fresh air distribution layer 2, a plurality of flat floors 1 and a plurality of air supply shafts 3. The plurality of air supply shafts 3 are vertically arranged and are respectively communicated with the fresh air distribution layer 2 and the plurality of flat floors 1;

[0046] The fresh air distribution layer 2 is provided with a air supply channel, and at least one main fresh air module 21 or / and several sub-fresh air modules 24 are respectively communicated with several air supply shafts 3 through the air supply channel, so as to send fresh air from the outside to several air supply shafts 3.

[0047] The fresh air module belongs to a mature technology in the art. Therefore, the present invention does not specifically limit it, and it can be selected according to actual needs.

[0048] As an embodiment, the fresh air module includes a fresh air fan for sucking fresh air.

[0049] As another embodiment, in addition to the fresh air fan, the fresh air module may further include a fresh air pretreatment module, and the fresh air pretreatment module may further include a filtering module for filtering dust, harmful germs, etc. in the air or / and an air conditioning module for cooling and dehumidifying in summer and heating in winter, etc. Specifically, it may be structures such as a filter screen and a coil heat exchanger, which are used for dust removal, air conditioning, etc. of the fresh air entering the building, and at the same time are beneficial to increasing the fresh air pressure head.

[0050] In the present invention, a fresh air distribution layer 2 dedicated to fresh air distribution is provided in the building. This fresh air distribution layer 2 can distribute the fresh air after filtering and cooling and dehumidifying (heating) pretreatment of the outside natural wind to the air inlets of each air supply shaft 3, and then send it to each flat layer 1 through the air supply shaft 3. A number of air outlets are respectively arranged on one air supply shaft 3 corresponding to each flat layer 1, and each flat layer 1 is respectively communicated with the corresponding air outlet. The air supply shaft 3 sends fresh air to each flat layer 1 through the air outlet. A number of air supply and exhaust modules are respectively arranged in each flat layer 1, and a plurality of air aisles are arranged between the plurality of air supply and exhaust modules. The air supply and exhaust module includes at least one functional space unit 11. The present invention does not limit how many functional space units 11 a air supply and exhaust module includes. As shown in the figure, a air supply and exhaust module includes four functional space units 11, and these four functional space units 11 share one air supply shaft 3. The building can be a residential building, an office building, a hotel, etc. There is no limitation here. Therefore, the functional space unit 11 can be an office, a meeting room, a storage room, a reading room, a laboratory, a lounge, a residence, etc. One air supply and exhaust module corresponds to one air supply shaft 3, that is, the air supply shaft 3 can send fresh air to several functional space units 11 located in the same air supply and exhaust module at the same time. As for how to realize the replacement of fresh air with dirty air in the functional space unit 11 of each flat layer 1, the present invention does not limit it, and reference can be made to the invention patent with the title of "A Building Adopting a Vertical Air Supply and Horizontal Exhaust Fresh Air System" and "A Building Adopting a Vertical Air Supply and Vertical Exhaust Fresh Air System" submitted by the applicant on the same day as this application). The following lists several different fresh air distribution methods for detailed description:

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] Please refer toFigure 2 , in this embodiment, an integrated fresh air distribution is adopted, that is, fresh air is sent to all the air supply shafts 3 simultaneously through at least one main fresh air module 21.

[0053] In this embodiment, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2, and one of the main fresh air modules 21 is provided on the main air supply opening. The main fresh air module 21 can send fresh air to several of the air supply shafts 3 through the air supply channel.

[0054] This embodiment does not limit the number of main air supply openings provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2, which can be set according to the actual volume of the building. As an embodiment, one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2, and one main fresh air module 21 is provided on this air supply opening. In this embodiment, this one main fresh air module 21 can send fresh air to all the air supply shafts 3 at the same time. Of course, several main air supply openings can also be provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2, and one main fresh air module 21 is provided on each main air supply opening. These several main fresh air modules 21 send fresh air to all the air supply shafts 3 at the same time.

[0055] Furthermore, the air supply channel includes a main air supply channel 22 and several air supply sub-channels 23. This main air supply channel 22 is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer 2, and at least one end of it is communicated with the main air supply opening; several air supply sub-channels 23 are respectively horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer 2 and are communicated with the main air supply channel 22. Several of the air supply shafts 3 can be respectively communicated with the main air supply channel 22; they can also be respectively communicated with several air supply sub-channels 23, that is, one air supply sub-channel 23 can be communicated with one or more air supply shafts 3; or it can be that a part of the air supply shafts 3 are communicated with the main air supply channel 22, and another part of the air supply shafts 3 are respectively communicated with several air supply sub-channels 23. Since this building is preferably a large-scale or extra-large-scale building, therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferred that several of the air supply shafts 3 are respectively communicated with the main air supply channel 22 and several air supply sub-channels 23.

[0056] As an embodiment, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2, one end of the main air supply channel 22 is closed, and the other end is communicated with the main air supply opening. One of the main fresh air modules 21 is provided on the main air supply opening. The main fresh air module 21 can send fresh air to several of the air supply shafts 3 through the air supply channel.

[0057] As another embodiment, one of the main air supply openings is respectively provided on the outer walls of two opposite sides of the fresh air distribution layer 2, and both ends of the main air supply channel 22 are respectively communicated with the two main air supply openings. One fresh air module 21 is respectively provided on these two main air supply openings, that is, this embodiment implements north-south (or east-west) dual-module air supply.

[0058] In this embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 includes a total fresh air fan 211 and a total fresh air pretreatment module 212. When the total fresh air module 21 is turned on, natural fresh air is first pretreated by the total fresh air pretreatment module 212 and then sent to the main air supply channel 22. In this embodiment, the total fresh air pretreatment module 212 includes an air conditioning module. Further, the total fresh air pretreatment module 212 further includes a filtration module.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3 , in this embodiment, independent fresh air distribution is adopted.

[0061] At least one total air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2;

[0062] The air supply channel includes a main air supply channel 22 and several air supply sub-channels 23. The main air supply channel 22 is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer 2, and at least one end thereof is communicated with the total air supply opening;

[0063] Several of the air supply sub-channels 23 are respectively horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer 2 and communicated with the main air supply channel 22;

[0064] Sub-fresh air modules 24 are provided on several of the air supply sub-channels 23, and several fresh air shafts 3 deliver fresh air through several of the sub-fresh air modules 24.

[0065] When some fresh air shafts 3 do not need to deliver fresh air through the fresh air module (for example: when residents are concentrated in the functional space units of the supply and exhaust modules on each floor 1 of the corresponding fresh air shaft 3, these fresh air shafts 3 need to turn on the fresh air mode; while there are no residents in the floors 1 corresponding to other fresh air shafts 3 and fresh air does not need to be delivered through the fresh air module, then these fresh air shafts do not need to turn on the fresh air mode), the above integrated fresh air distribution cannot meet this requirement.

[0066] Since the total fresh air module 21 delivers fresh air to all the fresh air shafts 3, when continuing to deliver fresh air to the fresh air shafts 3 that do not need fresh air, unnecessary waste is caused. Moreover, when a certain fresh air shaft 3 leaks air or needs to be repaired and the total fresh air module 21 needs to be turned off, the other fresh air shafts 3 cannot operate normally either.

[0067] For the convenience of building management and control, several fresh air shafts 3 are distributed on several air supply sub-channels 23. Please refer to Figure 3, in this embodiment, a sub-fresh air module 24 is arranged on each air supply sub-channel 23, aiming to facilitate the independent control of the air supply shafts 3 on each air supply sub-channel 23, which is convenient for construction and maintenance. That is, when there is a problem such as air leakage in a certain air supply shaft 3, only the sub-fresh air module 24 corresponding to this air supply shaft 3 needs to be closed, and the sub-fresh air modules 24 on other air supply sub-channels 23 can continue to work. However, if a sub-fresh air module 24 supplies fresh air to an air supply shaft 3, due to the large volume of the building, a large number of sub-fresh air modules 24 are required, which is too wasteful. Therefore, in this embodiment, several air supply shafts 3 can also share a sub-fresh air module 24, that is, a sub-fresh air module 24 is arranged at the air inlet of an air supply sub-channel 23, and several air supply shafts 3 are connected to each air supply sub-channel 23. That is, a sub-fresh air module 24 can supply fresh air to several air supply shafts 3 at the same time.

[0068] In this embodiment, fresh air can be selectively supplied to a certain or some air supply shafts 3 through the sub-fresh air module 24, and the air supply sub-channels 23 are independent of each other.

[0069] In this embodiment, there is no limit to the number of air supply shafts 3 arranged on the air supply sub-channel 23, and the air supply shafts 3 on the same air supply sub-channel 23 are all supplied with fresh air by the sub-fresh air module 24 on this air supply sub-channel 23. In this embodiment, the sub-fresh air module 24 is respectively connected to the main air supply outlet and the air supply shafts 3 on the same air supply sub-channel 23. That is, the air inlet of the sub-fresh air module 24 is connected to the main air supply outlet, and the air outlet of the sub-fresh air module 24 is connected to the air inlet of the air supply shaft 3.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sub-fresh air module 24 includes a sub-fresh air fan 241 and a sub-fresh air pretreatment module 242, and the sub-fresh air pretreatment module 242 further includes a filtering module 2422 and an air conditioning module 2421.

[0071] In this embodiment, independent sub-fresh air modules 24 are arranged on each air supply sub-channel 23, each taking air from the main air supply channel 22, and after pretreatment, they are pressurized and discharged into the air supply sub-channel 23 at high speed through the sub-fresh air fan 241, and directly sent to the air supply shafts 3 arranged on the air supply sub-channel 23. The structure of this embodiment is simple, convenient for maintenance, operates independently, is modular, and the modular combination enhances the adaptability of the whole building to the change of the number of residents.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] This embodiment combines the above two fresh air distribution methods, that is, a total fresh air module 21 is provided on the total air supply outlet, and a branch fresh air module 24 is provided on the air supply branch channel 23. When it is necessary to supply fresh air to most of the air supply shafts 3, the total fresh air module 21 is opened and the branch fresh air module 24 is closed; when it is only necessary to supply fresh air to a small part of the air supply shafts 3, the total fresh air module 21 is closed and the branch fresh air module 24 on the corresponding air supply branch channel 23 is opened.

[0074] As an embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 only provides natural fresh air, that is, it only includes the total fresh air fan 211 and does not include the total fresh air pretreatment module 212. Therefore, the branch fresh air module 24 includes both the branch fresh air fan 241 and the branch fresh air pretreatment module 242. On the same air supply branch channel 23, the branch fresh air module 24 and the air supply shaft 3 are distributed in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air. Taking the place where the wind blows first as the front and the place where it blows later as the back, all the air supply shafts 3 on this air supply branch channel 23 are located behind the branch fresh air module 24, that is, the air inlets of the air supply shafts 3 are all communicated with the air outlets of the branch fresh air module 24, and the air inlet of the branch fresh air module 24 is communicated with the main air supply channel 22.

[0075] As another embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 can provide both natural fresh air and pretreated fresh air. In this embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 includes the total fresh air fan 211 and the total fresh air pretreatment module 212. This total fresh air pretreatment module 212 includes an air conditioning module. Therefore, this total fresh air module 21 can also provide air-conditioned fresh air. The specific structure is as follows:

[0076] Please refer to Figure 4, the total fresh air module 21 includes a total housing 213, a total fresh air pretreatment module 212, and a total fresh air fan 211. The total housing 213 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 2. There is a total air inlet cavity in the total housing 213. The total air inlet cavity includes a front part 2131, a middle part 2132, and a rear part 2133 that are connected and communicated (in this embodiment, the front and rear are named according to the wind direction, that is, the place where the wind blows first is the front, and the place where the wind blows later is the rear). The total fresh air pretreatment module 212 is arranged in the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity, and the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere; the total fresh air fan 211 is arranged in the rear part 2133 of the total air inlet cavity, and the rear part 2133 of the total air inlet cavity is communicated with the total air supply port; one air outlet is respectively opened on both sides of the total housing 213, and this air outlet corresponds to the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity. Doors 2134 are respectively arranged on the two air outlets. The door shafts 2135 of the doors 2134 are close to the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity. The two doors 2134 can be opened towards the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity. When the two doors 2134 are opened, the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity can be separated from the middle part 2132: when the two doors 2134 are closed, the air outlets on both sides of the total housing 213 are in a closed state. At this time, the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity is respectively communicated with the front part 2131 and the rear part 2133 of the total air inlet cavity. Fresh air can only enter from the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity. The air-conditioned fresh air after being heated or cooled by the total fresh air pretreatment module 212 then passes through the middle part 2132 and the rear part 2133 of the total air inlet cavity in sequence, and then enters the main air supply channel 22 of the fresh air distribution layer 2. This air-conditioned fresh air mode is suitable for operation in high-temperature environments in summer and low-temperature environments in winter. When the two doors 2134 are opened towards the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity, the air outlets on both sides of the total housing 213 are in an open state. At this time, the two doors 2134 separate the front part 2131 and the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity, that is, the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity is communicated with the rear part 2133 of the total air inlet cavity and is not communicated with the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity. Therefore, natural fresh air does not pass through the total fresh air pretreatment module 212, but directly enters the middle part 2132 of the total air inlet cavity from the air outlets on both sides of the total housing 213, and then passes through the front part 2131 of the total air inlet cavity and enters the main air supply channel 22 of the fresh air distribution layer 2. This natural fresh air mode is suitable for operation in spring and autumn seasons.

[0077] Further, the total fresh air pretreatment module 212 of this embodiment may further include a filtering module. The natural wind from the outside is first filtered by the filtering module, then cooled and dehumidified or heated and warmed by the air conditioning module, and finally enters the main air supply channel 22 through the total fresh air fan 211.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 5, in this embodiment, the fresh air distribution module 24 includes a fresh air distribution fan 241 and a fresh air pre-treatment module 242. A double duct is arranged in the air supply branch channel 23. The double duct includes a first duct 231 and a second duct 232 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. The fresh air distribution module 24 is arranged on one of the ducts. In this embodiment, the fresh air distribution module 24 is arranged on the first duct 231 as an example; the air inlets of the first duct 231 and the second duct 232 are alternately opened by a sliding door 233; the air outlets of these two ducts are both connected to at least one of the air supply shafts 3, that is, at least one air supply shaft 3 is located behind these two ducts. The air supply shaft 3 located behind these two ducts is connected to the air supply branch channel 23. Therefore, on the same air supply branch channel 23, the air outlets of the double duct are connected to the subsequent air supply shaft 3 through this air supply branch channel 23. Of course, air supply shafts 3 can also be arranged in front of these two ducts, or not. This embodiment does not make specific restrictions on this, and can be set according to the actual situation of the residents. The air supply shaft 3 in front of the duct cannot supply fresh air through the fresh air distribution module 24, and can only supply fresh air through the total fresh air module 21.

[0079] When the total fresh air module 21 operates, when the two doors 2134 on the total fresh air module 21 close the two air inlets and the sliding door 233 closes the air inlet of the first duct 231, the total fresh air module 21 provides air-conditioned fresh air, and the fresh air distribution module 24 does not work. The natural wind from the outside is pre-treated by the total fresh air pre-treatment module 212 and then enters the main air supply channel 22 under positive pressure through the total fresh air fan 211. The fresh air will no longer pass through the fresh air distribution module 24 in the air supply branch channel 23, but directly enters the subsequent air supply shaft 3 through the second duct 232.

[0080] When the two doors 2134 on the total fresh air module 21 open towards the middle 2132 of the total air inlet chamber to open the two air inlets and the sliding door 233 closes the air inlet of the second duct 232, the total fresh air module 21 provides natural wind, and the fresh air distribution module 24 is in a working state. The natural wind from the outside enters the main air supply channel 22 under positive pressure through the two air inlets on the total fresh air module 21 and the total fresh air fan 211. The fresh air will not pass through the second duct 232, but is pre-treated by the fresh air distribution module 241 and then sent to the subsequent air supply shaft 3.

[0081] In this embodiment, the fresh air distribution module 24 includes a fresh air distribution fan 241 and a fresh air pre-treatment module 242. The fresh air pre-treatment module 242 further includes a filtration module 2422 and an air-conditioning module 2421.

[0082] The fresh air distribution layer 2 is a flat layer 1 dedicated to the distribution of fresh air. In addition to having all the technical features of each flat layer 1, it is also used specifically for fresh air distribution. Therefore, several air supply and exhaust modules are also provided in the fresh air distribution layer 2. Corridors forming multiple air circles are provided between several of the air supply and exhaust modules. The air supply and exhaust module includes at least one functional space unit, and an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on the functional space unit. The fresh air replacement in the fresh air distribution layer 2 is the same as that of each flat layer 1, which will not be elaborated here. Of course, the fresh air distribution layer 2 can also be only used for fresh air distribution and not used as a flat layer for living. The present invention does not make specific restrictions on this and can be set according to actual needs.

[0083] In this embodiment, the main air supply channel 22 can be a channel built with a brick-concrete structure or an air bag. The advantage of using an air bag is that the air bag can absorb and eliminate fresh air vortices, complete the conversion of fresh air dynamic and static pressure, and stabilize the fresh air pressure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the main air supply channel 22 is preferably an air bag.

[0084] Embodiment 4

[0085] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in this embodiment, at least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the air supply and distribution layer 2;

[0086] The air supply channel includes a main air supply channel 22', several air supply sub-channels 23' and several air cavities 25. At least one end of the main air supply channel 22' is communicated with the main air supply opening. Several of the air cavities 25 are respectively communicated with the main air supply channel 22' through several of the air supply sub-channels 23'. A sub-fresh air module 24 is respectively provided on each of the air supply sub-channels 23'. A plurality of the air supply shafts 3 are circumferentially and spacedly communicated with each of the air cavities 25.

[0087] Furthermore, the sub-fresh air module 24 is arranged at the air inlet of the air supply sub-channel 23'. It includes a sub-fresh air fan 241 and a sub-fresh air pretreatment module 242. The outside natural air enters the main air supply channel 22' through the main air supply opening and is shunted along the main air supply channel 22' to each air supply sub-channel 23'. At each air supply sub-channel 23', the fresh air is pretreated by the sub-fresh air pretreatment module 242 and then enters each air cavity 25 under positive pressure through the sub-fresh air fan 241, and then conveys fresh air to a plurality of air supply shafts 3 communicated with each air cavity 25. In this embodiment, one sub-fresh air module 24 can simultaneously supply fresh air to a plurality of air supply shafts 3 communicated with a corresponding air cavity 25. This embodiment does not limit the number of air supply shafts 3 communicated with one air cavity and can be set according to actual usage requirements.

[0088] In this embodiment, the wind cavity 25 can be a channel built with a brick-concrete structure, or it can be a wind bag. The advantage of using a wind bag is that the wind bag can absorb and eliminate the fresh air vortex, complete the dynamic and static pressure conversion of the fresh air, and stabilize the fresh air pressure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wind cavity 25 is preferably a wind bag.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fresh air pre-processing module 242 further includes a filtering module 2422 and an air conditioning module 2421. The fresh air first passes through the filtering module 2422 and then passes through the air conditioning module 2421 for heating or cooling and dehumidification.

[0090] Figure 6 As shown, a regional wind bag 25 is arranged with four air supply shafts 3 as vertex angles, and the regional wind bag 25 uses the four air supply shafts 3 as internal shafts; a regional fresh air distribution module 24 is arranged between the wind bag 25 and the main air supply channel 22'.

[0091] In this embodiment, the fresh air distribution module 24 presses the fresh air into the air bag 25 at high speed, and the air bag 25 can absorb and eliminate the fresh air vortex, complete the dynamic and static pressure conversion of the fresh air, and stabilize the fresh air pressure. Between the fresh air distribution module 24 and the air supply shaft 3, the air bag 25 acts as a buffer zone to enhance the operational flexibility of the air supply shaft of the fresh air system, and can partially eliminate the drastic pressure changes and air flow surges in the air supply shaft 3.

Claims

1. A fresh air distribution structure for a fresh air supply shaft of a building, characterized in that, The building includes a fresh air distribution layer, several flat floors and several air supply shafts, and the several air supply shafts communicate with the fresh air distribution layer and the several flat floors respectively; An air supply channel is provided in the fresh air distribution layer, and at least one main fresh air module and / or several sub-fresh air modules communicate with the several air supply shafts through the air supply channel respectively, so as to send outside fresh air into the several air supply shafts; At least one main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer; The air supply channel includes a main air supply channel and several sub-air supply channels. The main air supply channel is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer, and at least one end of it is communicated with the main air supply opening; The several sub-air supply channels are horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer respectively and are communicated with the main air supply channel; The main fresh air module is arranged on the main air supply opening, and / or sub-fresh air modules are arranged on the several sub-air supply channels. The several air supply shafts transport fresh air through the main fresh air module and / or the several sub-fresh air modules; A double air duct is arranged in the sub-air supply channel, and the two air outlets of the double air duct are communicated with at least one air supply shaft; The two air inlets of the double air duct can be alternately opened through a sliding door; One sub-fresh air module is arranged in one of the air ducts of the double air duct.

2. The fresh air distribution structure of a building air supply shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One main fresh air module is arranged on the main air supply opening, and the main fresh air module can send fresh air to the several air supply shafts through the air supply channel.

3. The fresh air distribution structure of a fresh air supply shaft of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply channel further includes several air cavities, and the several air cavities are communicated with the main air supply channel through the several sub-air supply channels respectively. The circumferences of each air cavity are spacedly communicated with several air supply shafts.

4. The fresh air distribution structure of a building air supply shaft as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One main air supply opening is provided on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer, one end of the main air supply channel is closed, and the other end is communicated with the main air supply opening.

5. The fresh air distribution structure of a building air supply shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One main air supply opening is respectively provided on the outer walls of the two opposite sides of the fresh air distribution layer, and the two ends of the main air supply channel are respectively communicated with the two main air supply openings.

6. The fresh air distribution structure of a fresh air supply shaft for a building according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the main fresh air module and the sub-fresh air module include fresh air blowers.

7. The fresh air distribution structure of a fresh air supply shaft for a building according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the main fresh air module and the sub-fresh air module include a fresh air pretreatment module for pre-treating fresh air.

8. The fresh air distribution structure of a fresh air supply shaft for a building according to claim 7, characterized in that, One main fresh air module is arranged on the main air supply opening. The main fresh air module includes a main housing, a main fresh air blower and a main fresh air pretreatment module. The main housing is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer. A main air inlet cavity is provided in the main housing. The main air inlet cavity includes a front part, a middle part and a rear part which are communicated with each other. The main fresh air pretreatment module is arranged in the front part of the main air inlet cavity. The front part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere. The main fresh air blower is arranged in the rear part of the main air inlet cavity. The rear part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply opening. An air opening is respectively formed on both sides of the main housing, and the air opening corresponds to the middle part of the main air inlet cavity. A door is respectively arranged on the two air openings. The two doors can be opened towards the middle part of the main air inlet cavity. When the two doors are opened, the front part of the main air inlet cavity is separated from the middle part through these two doors, and the air opening is communicated with the rear part of the main air inlet cavity. When the two doors close the two air openings, the front part of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the middle part.

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