A multi-stage horn-type backflash discharge arc-extinguishing tube

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage horn type backflush discharge arc-extinguishing tube, which comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body, a lightning-connection electrode and a side-stage backflush tube; the side-stage backflush tube is arranged on the side wall of the arc-extinguishing tube body and is communicated with the arc-extinguishing tube body; the lightning-connection electrode is inlaid in the arc-extinguishing tube body, and the lightning-connection electrode is arranged above and below the side-stage backflush tube, so that the arc-extinguishing tube body forms a semi-closed space; and the diameter of the arc-extinguishing tube body gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the arc-extinguishing tube body is in a horn shape. The application has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, strong arc-extinguishing capacity, stable and reliable work, and the like. The cooperation of the multiple lightning-connection electrodes and the multiple side-stage backflush tubes can make the electric arc form multiple breaking points, greatly reduce the electric arc energy, even extinguish the electric arc, and the application can be used together with an arc-extinguishing lightning protection device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a component of a lightning protection device in a power transmission line, in particular to a multistage horn type recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the distribution of power energy and load centers in China is very uneven, mainly coal-fired power generation. Coal resources are mostly concentrated in the northwest region, and developable hydroelectric resources are mainly concentrated in the western and central regions, while the load centers of China are concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan and the developed central region. This determines that China must solve the power problem of the load center, and must develop water and fire power generation while building a cross-regional, large-capacity and long-distance energy transmission channel.

[0003] With the continuous increase of the voltage level of the power transmission line, the state has built a total of "eight cross ten direct" ultra-high voltage projects, forming more than 110 million kilometers of power transmission lines, with nearly 50 million base towers. According to statistics, the lightning hazard risk of the power grid is mainly concentrated in the power transmission line, and lightning hazard is still an important factor affecting the safety, stability and reliability of the power transmission network. The existing lightning protection system is mainly a "blocking type" lightning protection mode, and the main measures are to erect lightning rods and coupling ground wires, reduce the tower grounding resistance, enhance the line insulation and install line arresters, etc. Due to the limitations of effectiveness, safety and economy, it can only protect single weak lightning, and there is a huge gap in the protection of large lightning and multiple lightning. The existing "dredging type" lightning protection mode mainly installs a parallel protection gap at both ends of the insulator string. Although its structure is simple and convenient to install, it does not have an arc extinguishing function module, so that the system continuously flows into the short-circuit current, which can only rely on the circuit breaker to cut off the short-circuit current, and "switching rate is exchanged for accident rate", which is easy to cause a large safety accident of the line. At the same time, due to the ablation effect of the short-circuit current, the insulation coordination of the parallel protection gap fails, losing the function of application. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application provides a multistage horn type recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube which realizes recoil arc extinguishing by using the arc energy itself.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0006] A multistage horn type recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube, which comprises an arc extinguishing tube body, a lightning electrode and a side stage recoil tube; the side stage recoil tube is arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing tube body and is in communication with the arc extinguishing tube body; the lightning electrode is embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body, and lightning electrodes are arranged above and below the side stage recoil tube, so that the arc extinguishing tube body forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc extinguishing tube body gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the arc extinguishing tube body is in the shape of a horn.

[0007] The application is further optimized, the lightning electrode is at least two, and is equidistantly inlaid in the arc extinguishing tube body; the lightning electrode is circular or conical. Through the above manner, due to the conductivity of the lightning electrode, multiple lightning electrodes increase the arc into the arc extinguishing tube body, so that the arc elimination efficiency can be improved.

[0008] The application is further optimized, the number of the side stage recoil tubes is one less than the lightning electrode; the side stage recoil tubes are oppositely and staggeringly arranged on both sides of the arc extinguishing tube body; the arc extinguishing tube body and the side stage recoil tubes are made of any one of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass, organic glass and the like. Through the above manner, the side stage recoil tubes and the lightning electrode cooperate with each other, the arc will enter the side stage recoil tube on the side by the side and be repeatedly recoiled, the number of the side stage recoil tubes is one less than the lightning electrode, the multiple lightning electrodes and the multiple side stage recoil tubes cooperate with each other, the horizontal multi-stage truncation is realized, and the arc extinguishing effect is further improved.

[0009] The application is further optimized, at least two hollow metal horn rings are further arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body. The metal horn rings are equidistantly arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body. Through the above manner, the metal horn ring is arranged for the purpose of ensuring that the arc can smoothly enter the arc extinguishing tube body by using the metal conductivity, realizing the recoil function, and protecting the side stage recoil tube.

[0010] The application is further optimized, the side stage recoil tube is a straight cylinder or a horn. Through the above manner, the side stage recoil tube is a cylinder or a horn, which is arranged for the purpose of increasing the side stage recoil tube on the arc narrow tube perfusion effect, the density difference, temperature difference and pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tube, so that the arc recoil jet effect is more intense, and the horn-shaped side stage recoil tube has more obvious arc extinguishing effect.

[0011] The application is further optimized, the side stage recoil tube is arranged downwardly.

[0012] The working principle of the application is as follows: the lower half of the arc extinguishing tube is a semi-closed space, which can also constitute a recoil tube structure. The recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube is a narrow tube perfusion channel, which is the only channel for the arc to enter the device. Various physical changes occur in the perfusion process.

[0013] 1. The arc plasma occurs elastic deformation. When the arc plasma enters the recoil tube entrance, the physical shape is first changed, the thick arc becomes a very thin arc, the radial pressure is converted into axial pressure, and due to the narrow tube recoil effect, the speed of the arc recoil is accelerated.

[0014] 2. Arc temperature rise effect aggravation. After the arc becomes thin, the arc cross-sectional area decreases, and the arc resistance will rise substantially according to the formula . Since the lightning arc is often used as a constant current source in actual experience work, according to the formula , although the time is only a few microseconds, the overall energy will be enhanced, and the temperature in the recoil tube will rise.

[0015] Arc radiation, convection, and conduction are three ways of energy loss. Since the closed pipeline, that is, the exogenous plugging environment, cannot release heat, it plays a blocking role on the arc, only produces heat, and does not dissipate heat, so it will produce a blocking temperature rise, causing the temperature in the tube to continue to rise.

[0016] 3. Pressure explosion effect increases dramatically. The gradual increase in temperature further aggravates the pressure explosion effect, making the arc jet more powerful.

[0017] The arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body and is extinguished in two stages. Among them,

[0018] First arc extinguishing: the arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body from the bottom of the arc extinguishing tube body. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body, the effect of the arc extinguishing tube body on the arc becomes more and more obvious due to the gradual narrowing of the space. At this time, the arc density in the arc extinguishing tube body increases, and the temperature in the arc extinguishing tube body rises instantaneously due to the semi-closed performance of the arc extinguishing tube body, forming a density difference and a temperature difference between the inside and the outside. The arc extinguishing tube body tube has a narrow tube perfusion effect on the arc, and the density, speed, and temperature of the arc increase step by step when it enters the wall of the recoil tube, resulting in a step increase in the pressure in the tube, and finally producing a pressure explosion effect. The arc impacts the lightning electrode at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing tube body, which will produce a reverse elastic force, and the direction of most of the arc will change by 180°. A small part of the arc enters the upper part of the arc extinguishing tube body through the lightning electrode, and the arc energy is weakened again. The rebounded arc will form a cavity effect at the entrance due to its greater speed, density, and pressure, blocking the arc entering the port.

[0019] Second stage arc extinguishing: the arc will enter the side-level recoil tube on the side by the force of nature and repeat the recoil effect. The arc changes direction under the action of the tube wall, is ejected from the side nozzle, and part of the side jet flow generated acts on the arc, achieving horizontal multi-level truncation. The greater the arc energy, the greater the density difference and temperature difference formed, the stronger the recoil ability. The arc in the horn side-level recoil tube is affected by the cavity effect, which weakens the arc energy, reduces the energy of the arc entering the side-level recoil tube, and accelerates the arc extinction due to the horizontal truncation effect of the side-level recoil tube, which forms multiple breakpoints.

[0020] The principle structure of the patent is different from the structure and principle of the prior art "angular lightning protection device (patent application number CN200810178607.3)" in the following aspects:

[0021] 1) There is no time lag effect in arc extinguishing. Since the angular lightning protection device sprays arc jet by lightning flashover, the process requires the conductivity of the metal components produced by melting, vaporization or the ion components of the plasma gas, which exists in a floating state in the air, thereby reducing the insulation capacity in the air and easily producing arc displacement, and spraying arc jet at the arc displacement, thereby breaking the arc. Obviously, in the process of arc flashover-melting and vaporization of conductive materials-spraying arc jet, there is a time lag effect, that is, the energy of the arc jet sprayed by the angular lightning protection device is less than the energy of the lightning flashover arc. The narrow tube infusion effect proposed in the patent fully utilizes the elastic deformation of arc plasma, and when the arc plasma enters the entrance of the recoil tube, the physical shape changes first, from thick arc to extremely thin arc, the radial pressure turns into axial pressure, and due to the narrow tube recoil effect, the spraying speed increases when the arc recoils.

[0022] 2) High arc extinguishing threshold. Since the arc extinguishing cylinder and gas production device of the angular lightning protection device are made of polyamide resin (also known as nylon), which can withstand a temperature of about 500°C, which is much lower than the arc burning temperature (up to 3726.85°C). Therefore, the arc extinguishing cylinder and gas production device are easily affected by high temperature, and finally lead to burst. The patent proposes to use high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant non-conductive materials, such as alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass, and organic glass, combined with new materials

[0023] 3) There is no high-temperature baking gas production method. Since the angular lightning protection device sprays arc jet to act on the arc and blows off the arc in the gap. The spraying of arc jet requires high-temperature baking of gas, which seriously causes the loss of gas production materials and significantly reduces the service life of the device. The patent proposes the plasma narrow tube infusion effect: the radial displacement of the arc in the entering recoil tube becomes axial expansion; the pressure, temperature and density superposition effects of the coming arc and the going arc at the bottom of the recoil tube cause the pressure in the recoil module to multiply rapidly, destroy the subsequent energy of the arc, and block the continuity of the arc. Therefore, there is no high-temperature baking gas production method, which ensures the loss of the material of the patent and long service life.

[0024] The patent has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0025] 1) The patent utilizes the energy of the arc itself to achieve recoil arc extinguishing, without the need for external gas production materials.

[0026] 2、The present application increases multiple lightning electrodes and multiple side-stage recoil tubes, which cooperate with each other to form multiple arc points, greatly reduce arc energy, and even extinguish the arc, and can be used together with an arc-extinguishing lightning protection device.

[0027] 3、The present application first performs longitudinal truncation on the arc through the horn recoil tube (i.e., the lower half of the arc-extinguishing tube body), and then performs horizontal truncation on the arc through the side-stage recoil tube, so that the arc can be better truncated by the combination of longitudinal truncation and horizontal truncation.

[0028] 4、The arc-extinguishing tube body is designed in a horn shape to better generate step density difference, temperature difference and pressure difference, and the recoil effect formed is more intense.

[0029] 5、The present application has simple structure, reasonable design, strong arc-extinguishing capacity, and more stable and reliable work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of an arc-extinguishing tube containing a metal horn ring according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of an arc-extinguishing tube of a multi-stage horn-type side-stage recoil tube according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of a multi-stage horn-type side-stage recoil tube containing a metal horn ring according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In the figure, the serial numbers and corresponding names are as follows:

[0035] 1-arc-extinguishing tube body, 2-lightning electrode, 3-metal horn ring, 4-side-stage recoil tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a multi-stage horn type backflash discharge arc-extinguishing tube comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body 1, a lightning electrode 2 and a side-stage backflash tube 4; the side-stage backflash tube 4 is arranged on the side wall of the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 and is in communication with the arc-extinguishing tube body 1; the lightning electrode 2 is embedded in the arc-extinguishing tube body 1, and there are lightning electrodes 2 above and below the side-stage backflash tube 4, so that the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 is in the shape of a horn. The lightning electrode 2 is two and is embedded in the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals; the lightning electrode 2 is circular. The side-stage backflash tube 4 is in the shape of a straight cylinder. The side-stage backflash tube 4 is arranged in an inclined manner downward.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 is further provided with two hollow metal horn rings 3; the metal horn rings 3 are arranged in the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals. Figure 2

[0041] The purpose of adding the metal horn ring 3 in this embodiment is to ensure that the electric arc can smoothly enter the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 by using the metal conductivity to realize the backflash function, and the metal horn ring 3 can also play a role in protecting the arc-extinguishing tube body.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, the side-stage backflash tube 4 is in the shape of a horn and is provided with two or more. Figure 3

[0044] The side-stage backflash tube 4 in this embodiment is in the shape of a horn, and the purpose is to increase the density difference, temperature difference and pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tube, so that the gas flow backflash jetting effect is stronger, and the arc-extinguishing effect of the horn-shaped side-stage backflash tube 4 is more obvious.

[0045] Embodiment 4

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the lightning electrode 2 is three and is embedded in the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals; the lightning electrode 2 is circular. The number of the side-stage backflash tube 4 is one less than that of the lightning electrode 2; the side-stage backflash tubes 4 are arranged on the two sides of the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 in a staggered manner. The arc-extinguishing tube body 1 and the side-stage backflash tube 4 are made of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass or organic glass insulating material. The arc-extinguishing tube body 1 is further provided with three hollow metal horn rings 3; the metal horn rings 3 are arranged in the arc-extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals. ​​

[0047] The present embodiment is further provided to increase the effect of striking and extinguishing the arc.

[0048] Example 5:

[0049] The difference between the present embodiment and Example 4 is that the lightning electrode 2 is conical.

[0050] Obviously, the above examples are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multistage horn-type backflash discharge quenching tube comprising a quenching tube body (1), a lightning electrode (2) and a side stage backflash tube (4); characterized in that: The side-stage backflush pipe (4) is arranged on the side of the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1), and the side-stage backflush pipe (4) is communicated with the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1); the lightning electrode (2) is embedded in the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1), and the lightning electrode (2) is arranged above and below the side-stage backflush pipe (4), so that the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1) forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1) gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1) is in a horn shape. The number of the side-stage backflush pipes (4) is less than that of the lightning electrodes (2) by one; and the side-stage backflush pipes (4) are oppositely and staggeringly arranged on the two sides of the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1).

2. The multistage horn type backflash discharge quenching tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the lightning electrodes (2) is at least two, and the lightning electrodes (2) are equidistantly embedded in the arc-extinguishing pipe body (1); the lightning electrode (2) is circular or conical.

3. The multistage horn type backflash discharge quenching tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing pipe body (1) and the side-stage backflush pipe (4) are made of any one of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass and organic glass.

4. The multistage horn type backflash discharge quenching tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing pipe body (1) is further provided with at least two hollow metal horn rings (3).

5. The multistage horn type backflash discharge quenching tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-stage backflush pipe (4) is in a straight cylinder type or a horn type.

6. The multistage horn type backflash discharge quenching tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-stage backflush pipe (4) is arranged in a downward inclination.

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