Composite welding method and device for friction stir welding

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a composite welding method and device for stir friction welding. The composite welding method for stir friction welding comprises: performing stir friction welding on the workpiece to be welded along the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded; before stir friction welding, predicting the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance of the workpiece to be welded and performing local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance. The composite welding method and device for stir friction welding described in the present invention can appropriately reduce the requirements for the assembly accuracy of the workpiece to be welded, thereby improving the welding adaptability of the workpiece to be welded and making the weld easier to form; moreover, the method and device can also perform real-time regulation on the weld performance of the workpiece to be welded, so that the welding method and device can have better adaptability, for example, welds with special performance requirements can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a composite welding method and device of friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding involves inserting a stirrer into the welded area and moving it in the welding direction. The intense friction between the high-speed rotating stirrer and the welded material generates frictional heat, which causes the metal in that area to become thermoplastic. The pressure from the stirrer causes the highly plastically deformed metal to flow from the front to the back, forming a dense weld. Because the metal does not melt during the welding process, it avoids defects such as porosity and cracks compared to fusion welding, improves weld strength, reduces deformation and residual stress, and significantly enhances weld quality. Friction stir welding offers significant advantages in the fabrication of low-melting-point metals such as aluminum and magnesium alloys and is currently widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, and automotive applications. In recent years, friction stir welding has further developed, expanding its application to copper alloys, titanium alloys, steel, aluminum-based composites, and dissimilar metals. Furthermore, various techniques, such as stationary shoulder friction stir welding, double shoulder friction stir welding, and retraction friction stir welding, have been developed to address issues such as fillet joint welding and keyhole welding.

[0003] However, due to the inherent characteristics of friction stir welding technology, some issues remain unresolved. For example, since friction stir welding does not involve filler material, relying solely on the workpiece itself for filling, this leads to two problems: first, very high assembly precision is required to ensure that the material can completely fill the gap and form the weld; second, the joint properties cannot be controlled, making it impossible to obtain welds with specific performance requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a hybrid friction stir welding method to address the problems of existing friction stir welding processes that rely solely on the workpiece itself for filling, resulting in excessively high assembly precision requirements and uncontrollable weld joint performance.

[0005] The present invention also provides a composite welding device for friction stir welding.

[0006] A friction stir welding hybrid welding method according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention includes:

[0007] performing friction stir welding on the workpieces to be welded along an assembly gap of the workpieces to be welded;

[0008] Before the friction stir welding, the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position of the workpiece to be welded is predicted and a local material addition process is performed on the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of predicting the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance of the workpiece to be welded and performing local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance further includes:

[0010] Presetting an assembly gap tolerance threshold of the workpiece to be welded;

[0011] Predicting an assembly gap monitoring value at a position to be welded on the workpiece to be welded;

[0012] Based on a comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, it is predicted that the position to be welded is the assembly gap tolerance position, and local additive processing is performed on the assembly gap tolerance position.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of predicting that the position to be welded is the position of the assembly gap exceeding tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding tolerance threshold value further includes:

[0014] Based on the comparison result of the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, it is determined that the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded exceeds the assembly gap tolerance threshold, so as to predict that the position to be welded is the assembly gap tolerance position.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of predicting that the position to be welded is the position of the assembly gap exceeding tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding tolerance threshold value further includes:

[0016] Based on the comparison result of the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, the additive process parameters are adjusted.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the local additive processing is laser additive processing, and the additive process parameters include at least one parameter of laser power, laser defocus amount, wire feeding rate and powder feeding amount.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid welding method includes:

[0019] driving the main stirring head to move along the welding direction to perform friction stir welding on the workpieces to be welded along the assembly gap of the workpieces to be welded;

[0020] Before the friction stir welding, the additive mechanism is driven to move along the welding direction and add the material to be clad to the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance, and the auxiliary stirring head is driven to move along the welding direction and fill the material to be clad into the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance, so as to construct a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of driving the material adding mechanism to move along the welding direction and add the material to be clad to the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance further includes:

[0022] The material adding mechanism is driven to add the material to be clad to the surface of the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance by feeding wire or powder.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of driving the auxiliary stirring head to move along the welding direction and filling the material to be clad into the out-of-tolerance position of the assembly gap further includes:

[0024] The auxiliary stirring head is driven to be arranged behind the material adding mechanism along the welding direction, so that the material adding mechanism and the auxiliary stirring head move synchronously.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process of driving the auxiliary stirring head to be arranged behind the additive mechanism along the welding direction so that the additive mechanism and the auxiliary stirring head move synchronously further includes:

[0026] The main stirring head is driven to be arranged behind the auxiliary stirring head along the welding direction, so that the additive mechanism, the auxiliary stirring head and the main stirring head move synchronously.

[0027] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid welding device for performing the hybrid welding method of friction stir welding as described above includes:

[0028] A main stirring head moves along a welding direction on the workpiece to be welded and is used to stir friction weld the workpiece to be welded along an assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded;

[0029] The additive component is arranged in front of the main stirring head along the welding direction, and is used to predict the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position of the workpiece to be welded and perform local additive processing on the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position before the stir friction welding.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the additive component comprises:

[0031] A material adding mechanism is arranged in front of the main stirring head along the welding direction, and is used to move along the welding direction and add the material to be clad to the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance;

[0032] The auxiliary stirring head is arranged between the additive mechanism and the main stirring head along the welding direction, and is used to move along the welding direction and fill the material to be clad into the out-of-tolerance position of the assembly gap to construct a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid welding device further includes:

[0034] A monitoring unit is arranged in front of the additive assembly along the welding direction and is used to predict an assembly gap monitoring value at a position to be welded on the workpiece to be welded.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid welding device further includes:

[0036] The control mechanism is connected to the monitoring unit and the additive assembly, respectively, and is used to pre-judge that the position to be welded is the position with the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance threshold, and drive the additive assembly to perform local additive processing on the position with the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance.

[0037] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0038] A hybrid friction stir welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: performing friction stir welding on a workpiece to be welded along its assembly gap; and prior to friction stir welding, pre-determining the location of the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded and performing local additive processing on that location. This method can pre-determine the location of the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded, and then perform local additive processing on that location to fill the out-of-tolerance assembly gap on the workpiece to be welded. This allows the subsequent main stirring head to be in a more stable welding environment during the welding process, significantly reducing the assembly accuracy requirements for the workpiece to be welded, thereby improving the welding adaptability of the workpiece to be welded and making the weld easier to form.

[0039] Furthermore, the method can also predict the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded, thereby adjusting the weld performance of the workpiece to be welded in real time, so that the welding method has better adaptability and a wider range of applications. For example, by adjusting the additive process parameters, a weld with special performance requirements can be obtained on the workpiece to be welded.

[0040] A hybrid welding device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a main stirring head that moves along a welding direction on a workpiece to be welded, and an additive assembly arranged in front of the main stirring head along the welding direction. The hybrid welding device performs continuous friction stir welding on the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded by setting a main stirring head and driving the main stirring head to move along the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded. In addition, before the main stirring head moves, the additive assembly is pre-set, so that based on the pre-determined position of the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded that exceeds the tolerance, selective local additive processing is performed on the above-mentioned position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance. This allows the stirring head to be in a more stable welding environment during the welding process, greatly reducing the requirements for the assembly accuracy of the workpiece to be welded, thereby improving the welding adaptability of the workpiece to be welded and making the weld easier to form.

[0041] Furthermore, since the additive component can predict the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded, the composite welding device can adjust the weld performance of the workpiece to be welded in real time, so that the welding device has better adaptability and a wider range of applications, especially being able to obtain welds with special performance requirements on the workpiece to be welded.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of an implementation process of a friction stir welding hybrid welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of another implementation process of the friction stir welding hybrid welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a composite welding device for friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1: Additive mechanism; 2: Auxiliary stirring head; 3: Main stirring head; 4: Monitoring unit; 5: Control mechanism; 6: Cladding layer; 7: Workpiece to be welded. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention provides a hybrid welding method of stir friction welding (abbreviated as "method" in the embodiment of the present invention), for example Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, based on this method, a composite welding device (abbreviated as "device" in the embodiment of the present invention) is provided, for example Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 The arrow shown in the figure is the welding direction.

[0055] Specifically, the method includes: performing friction stir welding on the workpiece 7 to be welded along the assembly gap of the workpiece 7 to be welded; and before the friction stir welding, predicting the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance of the workpiece 7 to be welded and performing local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance.

[0056] This method can pre-determine the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded 7, and then perform selective local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance to fill the assembly gap out of tolerance on the workpiece to be welded 7, so that the subsequent main stirring head 3 can be in a more stable welding environment during the welding process, and can appropriately reduce the requirements for the assembly accuracy of the workpiece to be welded 7, thereby improving the welding adaptability of the workpiece to be welded 7 and making the weld easier to form.

[0057] It is understood that the workpiece 7 to be welded has a joint to be welded by butting or assembling, and the joint to be welded is subjected to friction stir welding to form a weld at the joint to be welded. Therefore, the assembly gap mentioned in this application refers to the assembly gap of the joint to be welded.

[0058] It is understood that "out-of-tolerance" refers to a product or component whose dimensions exceed the tolerance range specified by the standard. Therefore, the "out-of-tolerance assembly gap" position described in this application refers to the position where the actual measured assembly gap dimension on the workpiece 7 to be welded exceeds the preset standard assembly gap dimension. Furthermore, the aforementioned standard assembly gap dimension is the "out-of-tolerance assembly gap" threshold as described in this application.

[0059] In one embodiment, the process of predicting the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance of the workpiece 7 to be welded and performing local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance further includes:

[0060] Presetting an assembly gap tolerance threshold of the workpiece 7 to be welded;

[0061] Predicting an assembly gap monitoring value at a position to be welded on a workpiece 7 to be welded;

[0062] Based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, it is predicted that the position to be welded is a position with an assembly gap tolerance, and local additive processing is performed on the position with an assembly gap tolerance.

[0063] Furthermore, the process of predicting that the position to be welded is a position with an excessive assembly gap based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the excessive assembly gap threshold value includes:

[0064] Based on the comparison result of the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, it is determined that the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded exceeds the assembly gap tolerance threshold, so as to predict that the position to be welded is an assembly gap tolerance position.

[0065] It can be seen that this method measures the assembly gap monitoring value (such as the above-mentioned measured size of the assembly gap) of the position to be welded in front of the welding direction before stir friction welding, and thus pre-judges whether the position to be welded is an assembly gap out-of-tolerance position based on the comparison result between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap out-of-tolerance threshold. That is to say, if the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded exceeds the assembly gap out-of-tolerance threshold, it is pre-judged that the position to be welded is an assembly gap out-of-tolerance position, and the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position is locally added material; correspondingly, if the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded does not exceed the assembly gap out-of-tolerance threshold, it is pre-judged that the position to be welded is not an assembly gap out-of-tolerance position, and stir friction welding can be directly performed on the position to be welded. It can be seen that the pre-judgment process is direct, simple, and efficient, which can make the method more widely applicable.

[0066] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned process of prejudging that the position to be welded is a position with an assembly gap exceeding tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding tolerance threshold value further includes: adjusting the additive process parameters based on the comparison result between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding tolerance threshold value. Preferably, the local additive processing described in the embodiment of the present invention is a laser additive processing performed by wire feeding or powder feeding. Laser additive processing has the advantages of good directionality and low heat input. And the adjustment of the additive process parameters of laser additive is very convenient. The additive process parameters described in the embodiment of the present invention include at least one parameter of laser power, laser defocus amount, wire feeding rate and powder feeding amount.

[0067] Since the method described in the embodiment of the present invention predicts the position of the assembly gap out-of-tolerance on the workpiece to be welded 7, the weld performance of the workpiece to be welded 7 can be controlled in real time and precisely based on the prediction and the above-mentioned comparison results (such as the specific out-of-tolerance value of the assembly gap), so that the welding method has better adaptability and a wider range of applications. For example, by adjusting the additive process parameters, a weld with special performance requirements can be obtained on the workpiece to be welded 7.

[0068] In order to perform the above method, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite welding device. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes a main stirring head 3 and an additive assembly. The main stirring head 3 can move along the welding direction on the workpiece 7 to be welded and is used to stir friction weld the workpiece 7 along the assembly gap of the workpiece 7 to be welded. The additive assembly is arranged in front of the main stirring head 3 along the welding direction and is used to predict the position of the assembly gap of the workpiece 7 to be welded that exceeds the tolerance before friction stir welding and perform local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap that exceeds the tolerance.

[0069] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned additive assembly specifically includes an additive mechanism 1 and an auxiliary stirring head 2. The additive mechanism 1 is arranged in front of the main stirring head 3 along the welding direction, and is used to move along the welding direction and add the material to be clad to the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance; the auxiliary stirring head 2 is arranged between the additive mechanism 1 and the main stirring head 3 along the welding direction, and is used to move along the welding direction and fill the material to be clad into the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance, so as to construct a cladding layer 6 on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded. The setting of the additive mechanism 1 can play a role in prefabrication and compensation of the position to be welded on the workpiece 7 to be welded. The setting of the auxiliary stirring head 2 can fill the cladding material into the assembly gap more evenly and stably, thereby further improving the welding stability of the subsequent main stirring head 3 in stir friction welding of the workpiece 7 to be welded.

[0070] It is understandable that in the method and apparatus described in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving additive mechanism 1 adds the cladding material to the surface of the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance by means of wire feeding or powder feeding. Adding the cladding material by means of wire feeding or powder feeding can compensate for the poor weld formation and related weld defects easily caused by insufficient material body of the workpiece 7 to be welded during the welding process, thereby improving the quality of the weld formation and further reducing the assembly accuracy requirements of the workpiece 7 to be welded. In addition, since the cladding material is filled into the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance and is configured as a cladding layer 6 on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded, the assembly accuracy requirements of the workpiece 7 to be welded can be further reduced during the welding process, and the welding conditions of the subsequent stir friction welding can be improved.

[0071] It is understood that the additive mechanism 1 is preferably a laser additive mechanism 1. Wire feeding refers to the addition of welding wire made of the material to be clad to the welding position on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded, where the additive mechanism 1 is acting. Powder feeding refers to the addition of particles made of the material to be clad to the welding position on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded, where the additive mechanism 1 is acting. The material to be clad can be the same as or different from the material of the workpiece 7 to be welded. The material to be clad is preferably a metal material.

[0072] It can be understood that the process of regulating weld performance by the method and device described in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically as follows: when the workpieces 7 to be welded are docked or assembled, the assembly gap values ​​can be made to exceed the assembly gap tolerance threshold, so that the additive mechanism 1 is always kept open during the entire welding process; the additive mechanism 1 introduces metal cladding material that can improve the weld performance into the assembly gap by wire feeding or powder feeding, and fills the gap with metal cladding material with specific properties through the auxiliary stirring head 2 to construct a cladding layer 6 on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded; finally, the main stirring head 3 is used to continuously move along the welding direction to complete stir friction welding, thereby realizing the regulation of weld performance during the entire welding process.

[0073] It is understandable that in the methods and devices described in the embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, along the welding direction, the additive mechanism 1 is arranged in front of the main stirring head 3, and the auxiliary stirring head 2 is arranged between the additive mechanism 1 and the main stirring head 3.

[0074] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following two implementation processes of the composite welding method in combination with the composite welding device described above.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the additive mechanism 1 and the auxiliary stirring head 2 can be driven to move synchronously, and during the movement, the additive mechanism 1 is used to fill the cladding material into the assembly gap of the workpiece 7 to be welded, and then the auxiliary stirring head 2 is used to evenly fill the cladding material into the assembly gap to form the above-mentioned cladding layer 6. After the overall construction of the cladding layer 6 on the surface of the workpiece 7 to be welded is completed, the main stirring head 3 is driven to perform overall welding along the position with the cladding layer 6 and the position without the cladding layer 6 on the workpiece 7 to be welded, thereby improving the stability of welding.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the additive mechanism 1, the auxiliary stirring head 2 and the main stirring head 3 can also be driven to be arranged along the welding direction and move synchronously, that is, the cladding material adding process performed by the additive mechanism 1, the cladding layer 6 construction process of the auxiliary stirring head 2 and the stir friction welding process of the main stirring head 3 are completed in sequence during one synchronous movement of the additive mechanism 1, the auxiliary stirring head 2 and the main stirring head 3, thereby further improving the welding efficiency.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus described in the embodiments of the present invention further includes a monitoring unit 4. The monitoring unit 4 is arranged in front of the additive assembly along the welding direction, for example, the monitoring unit 4 is arranged in front of the additive mechanism 1 along the welding direction. The monitoring unit 4 is used to perform the process of predicting the assembly gap monitoring value of the to-be-welded position on the workpiece 7 described in the above-mentioned method. By providing the monitoring unit 4, the apparatus and method can pre-monitor the to-be-welded position indicated by the monitoring unit 4 during the welding process, thereby predicting the assembly gap monitoring value of the to-be-welded position, thereby further improving the stability and precision of the welding.

[0078] It is understandable that the monitoring unit 4 is preferably a dimension sensor, so as to perform real-time measurement of the spacing dimension of the assembly gap.

[0079] In one embodiment, the apparatus described in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a control mechanism 5. The control mechanism 5 is respectively connected to the monitoring unit 4 and the additive assembly, for example, the control mechanism 5 is respectively connected to the monitoring unit 4, the additive mechanism 1, and the auxiliary stirring head 2. The control mechanism 5 is configured to execute the above-described method, for example, based on a comparison of the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded indicated by the monitoring unit 4 with a preset assembly gap tolerance threshold, thereby pre-determining whether the position to be welded is a position with an assembly gap tolerance, and driving the additive assembly to perform local additive processing on the position with an assembly gap tolerance.

[0080] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be encompassed by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding hybrid welding method, characterized in that: include: performing friction stir welding on the workpieces to be welded along an assembly gap of the workpieces to be welded; driving the main stirring head to move along the welding direction to continuously perform friction stir welding on the workpieces to be welded along the assembly gap of the workpieces to be welded; Before the friction stir welding, the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position of the workpiece to be welded is predicted and a local additive process is performed on the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position, the additive mechanism is driven to move along the welding direction and add the cladding material to the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position, and the auxiliary stirring head is driven to be arranged behind the additive mechanism along the welding direction, and the metal cladding material is filled into the assembly gap out-of-tolerance position by the auxiliary stirring head and is formed into a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded; driving the main stirring head to be arranged behind the auxiliary stirring head along the welding direction, so that the additive mechanism, the auxiliary stirring head and the main stirring head move synchronously to construct a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded; The cladding material adding process performed by the additive mechanism, the cladding layer construction process performed by the auxiliary stirring head, and the friction stir welding process performed by the main stirring head are sequentially completed during one synchronous movement of the additive mechanism, the auxiliary stirring head, and the main stirring head; The process of predicting the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance of the workpiece to be welded and performing local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance further includes: Presetting an assembly gap tolerance threshold of the workpiece to be welded; Predicting, by a monitoring unit, an assembly gap monitoring value of a position to be welded on the workpiece to be welded; Based on a comparison between an assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and an assembly gap tolerance threshold, the position to be welded is predicted to be a position with an assembly gap tolerance, and selectively performing local additive processing on the position with an assembly gap tolerance, wherein the local additive processing is a laser additive processing by powder feeding, and additive process parameters are adjusted, wherein the additive process parameters include a powder feeding amount, a laser power, and a laser defocus amount; The monitoring unit can perform pre-welding monitoring on the position to be welded pointed to by the monitoring unit during the welding process, thereby predicting the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded.

2. The friction stir welding hybrid welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of predicting that the position to be welded is the position of the assembly gap exceeding tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding tolerance threshold value further includes: Based on the comparison result of the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap tolerance threshold, it is determined that the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded exceeds the assembly gap tolerance threshold, so as to predict that the position to be welded is the assembly gap tolerance position.

3. A hybrid welding device for performing the hybrid welding method of stir friction welding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: A main stirring head moves along a welding direction on the workpiece to be welded and is used to stir friction weld the workpiece to be welded along an assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded; An additive assembly is arranged in front of the main stirring head along the welding direction, and is used to predict the position of the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded that exceeds the tolerance and perform local additive processing on the position of the assembly gap that exceeds the tolerance before the friction stir welding; The additive component comprises: A material adding mechanism is arranged in front of the main stirring head along the welding direction, and is used to move along the welding direction and add the material to be clad to the position where the assembly gap exceeds the tolerance; an auxiliary stirring head, arranged between the material adding mechanism and the main stirring head along the welding direction, for moving along the welding direction and filling the material to be clad into the position of the assembly gap out of tolerance, so as to construct a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded; The composite welding device also includes: A monitoring unit is arranged in front of the additive assembly along the welding direction and is used to predict an assembly gap monitoring value at a position to be welded on the workpiece to be welded.

4. The hybrid welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The control mechanism is connected to the monitoring unit and the additive assembly, respectively, and is used to pre-judge that the position to be welded is the position with the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance based on the comparison between the assembly gap monitoring value of the position to be welded and the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance threshold, and drive the additive assembly to perform local additive processing on the position with the assembly gap exceeding the tolerance.

Images