Double-layer structure shield and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a double-layer structure shield and a shield tunneling machine, wherein the shield is composed of an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure. The inner layer structure is fixedly connected with each component in the shield body and functions as a rack. The outer layer structure is rotatably sleeved with the inner layer structure. In tunnel construction, when the outer layer structure is affected by additional rotation torque of surrounding soil and side rolling occurs, the inner layer structure is relatively stable under the action of the inner structure of the shield body due to the relative rotation between the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure, so that the technical defect that the inner structure of the shield body is tilted together with the outer layer structure of the shield is avoided, and the risk of equipment damage and personnel casualty is effectively avoided. In order to further achieve the technical effect that the relative rotation resistance between the inner layer structure and the outer layer structure is controllable, a resistance adjusting device is arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular to a shield shell and tunnel boring machine with a double or multi-layer structure. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, in existing technologies, the shield shell of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) typically employs a single-layer structure. Its functions are twofold: first, to securely connect all components within the shield, such as the screw conveyor, assembly machine, and internal operating platform, making it a unified whole; and second, to provide support to the surrounding soil during tunneling, preventing damage to the internal components from the surrounding soil. However, during tunnel construction, the shield is subjected to the harmful effects of the additional rotational torque from the surrounding soil. When this torque exceeds the rolling resistance torque required to maintain its orientation, causing the shield to roll, this single-layer structure, with its fixed connection to all internal components, will lead to the shield shell, along with its internal structures such as the internal operating platform and screw conveyor, tilting together. This can result in accidents, ranging from equipment damage to endangering the lives of operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, this invention provides a shield shell and tunnel boring machine with a double- or multi-layer structure. The outer and inner layers of the shield shell can rotate relative to each other. This not only effectively solves the technical defect that the shield shell and its internal structure tilt together when the shield rolls, thus causing equipment damage or personnel casualties, but also has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, this invention provides the following technical solution: a double-layered shield shell, composed of an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is fixedly connected to the various components within the shield body, serving as a frame. The outer layer is rotatably fitted together with the inner layer. During tunnel construction, the outer layer directly contacts the surrounding soil, providing support. When the outer layer is subjected to harmful additional rotational torque from the surrounding soil, causing it to roll, the relative rotation between the outer and inner layers, coupled with the internal structure of the shield body, ensures relative stability. This avoids the technical defect of the internal structure and outer layer tilting together, effectively preventing equipment damage and personnel casualties.

[0005] As a further improvement to the present invention, to ensure accurate axial positioning of the inner and outer structures, a front stop is provided on the axial front end face of the outer structure, the minimum diameter of which is smaller than the outer surface diameter of the inner structure. A rear stop is also provided on the rear end face of the outer structure, and the rear stop is rigidly fixed to the outer structure. After the rear stop is assembled with the outer structure, its minimum diameter should be smaller than the outer surface diameter of the inner structure.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, to reduce the intrusion of surrounding mud, sand, or other foreign objects into the inner and outer layers during construction, thus affecting their relative rotation, the aforementioned front baffle is an integral, annular structure with the outer layer. A first sealing device is provided at the connection between the front baffle and the inner layer, preferably with a minimum inner diameter consistent with the inner surface diameter of the inner layer. The aforementioned rear baffle is annular, and a second sealing device is provided at the connection between the rear baffle and the inner layer. Preferably, the outer diameter of the rear baffle is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer layer, and its inner diameter is preferably consistent with the inner diameter of the inner layer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, to further reduce the relative rotational resistance between the inner and outer layers, an annular slide bar is provided on the outer surface of the inner layer, protruding from the outer surface of the shield inner layer. The outer layer is provided with a slider, the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the inner layer, and the end face of which maintains the same shape as the annular slide bar. The inner surface of the slider and the annular slide bar form a sliding fit, thereby achieving a rotatable assembly connection between the outer and inner layers. To further reduce damage to the annular slide bar due to abrasion during use, the slider is preferably made of cast copper or / and bronze. To further ensure smooth relative sliding between the outer and inner layers, two or more sliders can be provided on the same cross-section of the inner surface of the outer layer, and these two or more sliders are evenly distributed on that cross-section.

[0008] As a further improvement to this invention, to further achieve the technical effect of controllable relative rotational resistance between the inner and outer structures, and to prevent the harmful side-rolling effect on the inner structure caused by the rotation of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead due to insufficient relative resistance between the inner and outer structures, this invention also includes a resistance adjustment device. The resistance adjustment device is a threaded screw structure, including an internal threaded body and a screw. The internal threaded body is disposed on the inner structure; it can be a threaded hole directly drilled in the inner structure, or a through hole drilled in the inner structure, with a structure with internal threads, such as a nut, fixed corresponding to the through hole. The screw is screwed onto the internal threaded body, and the bottom end of the screw contacts the inner surface of the outer structure and generates pressure. During construction, by rotating the screw, its vertical position is adjusted, thereby achieving the technical effect of controlling the relative rotational resistance between the inner and outer structures. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of the above technical effect, the length of the external thread of the screw is greater than the distance from the upper surface of the threaded body to the inner surface of the outer structure. To further increase the frictional resistance between the resistance adjustment device and the inner surface of the outer structure, a friction pad is provided at the bottom of the screw, and the friction pad is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of existing technology;

[0010] Figure 2 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the present invention (I).

[0013] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view II of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view III of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram, 1. External structure, 2. Internal structure, 3. Front stop, 4. Rear stop, 5. Second sealing device, 6. First sealing device, 7. Resistance adjustment device, 8. Single-layer shield, 11. Slider, 12. Outer surface of outer structure, 13. Inner surface of outer structure, 21. Annular slide bar, 22. Outer surface of inner structure, 23. Inner surface of inner structure, 71. Nut, 72. Screw, 73. Friction pad. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element, or there can be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "front," "back," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, in the prior art, the shield machine shell typically adopts a single-layer structure shield shell 8, which is directly and fixedly connected to the various components inside the shield. During tunnel construction, when the shield is subjected to the harmful effects of the additional rotational torque of the surrounding soil, and the shield rolls, this single-layer structure shield shell 8 will tilt along with the internal components, thus causing an accident. This could result in equipment damage or, in severe cases, endanger the lives of the operators.

[0020] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, this invention discloses a double-layered shield shell, composed of an inner layer structure 2 and an outer layer structure 1. The inner layer structure 2 is fixedly connected to the various components within the shield shell, serving as a frame. The outer layer structure 1 and the inner layer structure 2 are rotatably coupled together. During tunnel construction, the outer layer structure 1 is in direct contact with the surrounding soil, providing support. When the outer layer structure 1 is subjected to harmful additional rotational torque from the surrounding soil, causing it to roll, the relative rotation between the outer layer structure 1 and the inner layer structure 2, coupled with the internal structure of the shield shell, keeps the inner layer structure 2 relatively stable. This avoids the technical defect of the inner layer structure 2 and the outer layer structure 1 tilting together, effectively preventing equipment damage and personnel casualties.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer layer structure 1 has a front stop 3 on its axial front end face. The front stop 3 is annular in shape and is integral with the outer layer structure 1. Its minimum diameter is the same as the diameter of the outer surface 22 of the inner layer structure. The double-layer shield also includes a rear stop 4, which is fixedly connected to the rear end face of the outer layer structure 1. The rear stop 4 is annular in shape, and its minimum diameter is the same as the diameter of the outer surface 22 of the inner layer structure. To further improve the sealing performance between the inner layer structure 2 and the outer layer structure 1, a first sealing device 6 is provided between the front stop 3 and the front end face of the inner layer structure 2, and a second sealing device 5 is provided between the rear stop 4 and the front end face of the inner layer structure 2.

[0022] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the inner layer structure 2 is provided with an annular slide bar 21, which protrudes from the outer surface 23 of the inner layer structure. The outer layer structure 1 is provided with a slider 11, the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to the inner surface 23 of the inner layer structure, and the end face of which is consistent with the shape of the annular slide bar 21. The end face of the slider 11 and the annular slide bar 21 form a sliding fit, thereby realizing relative rotation between the outer layer structure 1 and the inner layer structure 2. To further reduce the damage of the annular slide bar 21 due to abrasion during use, the slider 11 is preferably made of cast copper or / and bronze. To further ensure smooth relative sliding between the outer layer structure 1 and the inner layer structure 2, multiple sliders 11 can be provided on the same cross-section of the inner surface of the outer layer structure 1, and they can be evenly distributed on this cross-section.

[0023] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also includes a resistance adjustment device 7 to achieve the technical effect of controllable relative rotational resistance between the inner layer structure 2 and the outer layer structure 1. This effectively prevents the inner layer structure 2 from being unable to offset the harmful side-rolling effect caused by the rotation of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead due to insufficient rolling static friction resistance. The resistance adjustment device 7 is a threaded screw structure, including a nut 71 fixedly connected to the inner layer structure 2, and a screw 72 with a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole of the nut 71, which is engaged with the nut 71. The external thread length of the screw 72 is greater than the distance from the upper surface of the nut 71 to the inner surface 13 of the outer layer structure. The screw 72 moves up and down by screwing into the nut 71. When the bottom end of the screw 72 contacts the inner surface 13 of the outer layer structure, pressure is generated. During construction, by rotating the screw 71, its vertical position is adjusted, thereby achieving the technical effect of controlling the relative rotational resistance between the inner layer structure 2 and the outer layer structure 1. To further increase the frictional resistance between the resistance adjustment device 7 and the inner surface 13 of the outer structure, a friction pad 73 is provided at the bottom of the screw, and the friction pad 73 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw 72.

[0024] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layered shield shell, comprising: The inner structure is fixedly connected to the various components inside the shield and serves as a frame. The outer layer structure is rotatably connected to the inner layer structure. The axial front end face of the outer layer structure is provided with a front stop edge, the minimum diameter of which is smaller than the outer surface diameter of the inner layer structure. The resistance adjustment device is a threaded screw structure, including an internal threaded body and a screw. The internal threaded body is fixedly connected to the inner layer structure, and the screw can be moved up and down and screwed onto the internal threaded body. The length of the external thread of the screw is greater than the distance from the upper surface of the threaded body to the inner surface of the outer layer structure. It also includes a rear stop block, which is rigidly fixed to the rear end face of the outer layer structure; after the rear stop block is assembled with the outer layer structure, the minimum inner diameter of the rear stop block is smaller than the outer surface diameter of the inner layer structure.

2. The double-layered shield shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front baffle is annular and is an integral part of the outer structure; a second sealing device is provided between the front baffle and the front end face of the inner structure. The rear stop block is in the shape of a ring, and a first sealing device is provided between the rear stop block and the rear end face of the inner layer structure.

3. The double-layered shield shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular slide bar is provided on the outer surface of the inner layer structure, and the annular slide bar protrudes from the outer surface of the inner layer structure. The inner surface of the outer structure is provided with a slider, the bottom surface of the slider is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the inner structure, and the end face of the slider is consistent with the shape of the annular slider. The end face of the slider forms a sliding fit with the annular slider.

4. The double-layered shield shell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slider is made of cast copper and / or bronze.

5. The double-layered shield shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction pad is also provided at the bottom of the screw, and the friction pad is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw.

6. The double-layered shield shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internally threaded body is an internally threaded hole and / or a through hole in the inner layer structure, and a structure with internal threads is fixed at the corresponding position of the through hole.

7. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It has a double-layered shield structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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