Bearing preload structure and gear box

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of gear boxes and discloses a bearing pre-tightening structure and a gear box, wherein the bearing pre-tightening structure is used to pre-tighten a first bearing and a second bearing installed on the gear box, and comprises: a pre-tightening part, the pre-tightening part is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the pre-tightening part comprises a first end face and a second end face arranged opposite to each other, the first end face is used to abut the first bearing; a step is provided on the transmission shaft, and the second end face extends out of the step face by a distance U1; a clamping structure, the clamping structure comprises a pressing end and a clamping end, the pressing end abuts against the second end face, the clamping end is located between the pressing end and the step face, and the clamping end extends out of the pressing end by a distance U2; a connecting member, the connecting member is connected to the clamping structure and the transmission shaft, and is used to drive the pre-tightening part to press the first bearing by a pre-tightening distance U3 through the clamping structure, and at the same time, the connecting member can drive the transmission shaft to press the second bearing toward the gear box by a pre-tightening distance, U3=U1-U2.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear boxes, and in particular to a bearing pre-tightening structure and a gear box. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbines are renewable energy devices that convert wind energy into electricity. Because wind direction fluctuates naturally, wind turbines require a yaw and pitch gearbox to adjust the nacelle's orientation and blade angle, enabling the wind turbine to adapt to changes in wind direction and strength. Due to the harsh operating environment and remote locations (often located in high mountains and deserts), maintenance is difficult and costly, requiring a long design life for the gearbox and its components.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, in current yaw and pitch gearboxes, the two tapered bearings 100 of the drive shaft are typically installed back-to-back. To increase the rigidity and extend the life of the tapered bearings 100, the tapered bearings 100 must be preloaded according to design requirements. Currently, preloading is commonly performed using a round nut 101 and a retaining washer 102. The preload of the tapered bearing 100 is adjusted by the preload force provided by the round nut 101. However, due to factors such as thread and part machining tolerances, variations in surface friction coefficients, and environmental variations, this preloading method cannot accurately achieve the required preload, resulting in significant deviations and potentially affecting the bearing's service life and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing preload structure, which can accurately control the preload amount of the first bearing and the second bearing, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the first bearing and the second bearing.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A bearing pre-tightening structure for pre-tightening a first bearing mounted on a gearbox, comprising: a pre-tightening portion, sleeved on a transmission shaft, the pre-tightening portion comprising a first end face and a second end face arranged opposite to each other, the first end face being used to abut the first bearing; a step being provided on the transmission shaft to form a step surface, the second end face extending an axial distance U1 from the step surface; a clamping structure, the clamping structure comprising a pressing end and a clamping end, the pressing end abutting the second end face, the clamping end being located between the pressing end and the step surface, the clamping end extending an axial distance U2 from the pressing end; a connecting member, the connecting member being connected to the clamping structure and the transmission shaft, and being used to drive the pre-tightening portion to press the first bearing toward the gearbox by a pre-tightening distance U3 through the clamping structure, while the connecting member can drive the transmission shaft to press the second bearing toward the gearbox by a pre-tightening distance U3, and at the same time, the connecting member can drive the transmission shaft to press the second bearing toward the gearbox by a pre-tightening distance U3, wherein U3=U1-U2.

[0007] As a preferred solution of a bearing pre-tightening structure, the clamping structure includes a pressure plate and a wear-matching gasket, the pressure plate is abutted against the second end face, the wear-matching gasket is attached to the pressure plate and is located between the pressure plate and the step surface, and the thickness of the wear-matching gasket is U2.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, the connecting member includes a connecting bolt, which passes through the pressure plate and the wear pad and is connected to the step surface.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, a plurality of the clamping structures are provided, and the plurality of the clamping structures are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, the pressing structure is provided in a circular ring shape, and the pressing structure is sleeved on the small diameter section of the step.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, a shaft shoulder is provided on the gear box, and the outer ring of the first bearing abuts against the shaft shoulder.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the bearing preload structure, the first end face abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, an abutment portion is provided on the first end surface, and the first end surface abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing through the abutment portion.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the bearing pre-tightening structure, a notch is provided on the abutting portion.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a gearbox with small volume and weight and low cost.

[0016] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] A gearbox comprises a planetary carrier and the bearing pre-tightening structure described in the above technical solution, wherein the pre-tightening part is arranged on the planetary carrier.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] This embodiment provides a bearing pre-tightening structure for pre-tightening a first bearing and a second bearing installed on a gear box, the bearing pre-tightening structure includes a pre-tightening part, a pressing structure and a connecting piece, the pre-tightening part is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the first end face of the pre-tightening part is used to abut the first bearing, and the second end face of the pre-tightening part extends out of the step surface of the first bearing by a distance U1, the pressing end of the pressing structure abuts the second end face, the clamping end of the pressing structure is located between the pressing end and the step surface, and the clamping end extends out of the pressing end by a distance U2, the connecting piece connects the clamping structure to the transmission shaft and drives the pre-tightening part to pre-tighten the first bearing through the clamping structure, when the clamping end is clamped between the pressing end and the step surface (that is, the clamping end is pressed on the step surface by the pressing end), the clamping structure drives the pre-tightening part to pre-tighten the first bearing, and the pre-tightening distance is U3, U3=U1-U2; in this process, the connecting piece can drive the transmission shaft to press and pre-tighten the second bearing toward the gear box, and the pre-tightening distance is also U3. Through the above structure, the operator can directly control the preload distance U3 by controlling the values of U1 and U2, so that the preload distance U3 can accurately meet the design requirements, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the first bearing and the second bearing. At the same time, the round nut is eliminated, the volume and weight of the gearbox are compressed, and the cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a bearing preload structure in the prior art;

[0021] Figure 2 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a bearing preload structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Magnified view of point A.

[0023] Figure 1 middle:

[0024] 100. Tapered bearing; 101. Round nut; 102. Lock washer.

[0025] Figure 2 and Figure 3 middle:

[0026] 1. First bearing; 11. Second bearing; 2. Preload portion; 21. Abutment portion; 211. Notch; 3. Planet carrier; 4. Transmission shaft; 41. Step; 5. Clamping structure; 51. Pressure plate; 52. Wear pad; 6. Connector; 61. Connecting bolt; 7. Shaft shoulder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved more clearly, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] This embodiment provides a bearing preload structure, which is used to preload the first bearing 1 and the second bearing 11 installed on the gear box. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the bearing pre-tightening structure includes a pre-tightening part 2, a clamping structure 5 and a connecting member 6. The connecting member 6 is connected to the clamping structure 5 and the transmission shaft 4, and is used to drive the clamping structure 5 to press in the direction of the transmission shaft 4, and also drives the transmission shaft 4 to press in the direction of the clamping structure 5. The pre-tightening part 2 is a circular ring structure, which is sleeved on the transmission shaft 4. The pre-tightening part 2 is clamped between the clamping structure 5 and the first bearing 1, and pre-tightens the first bearing 1 under the pressure of the clamping structure 5; in this process, since the transmission shaft 4 is driven by the connecting member 6 to press in the direction of the clamping structure 5, the connecting member 6 also drives the transmission shaft 4 to press and pre-tighten the second bearing 11 in the direction of the gear box.

[0031] Specifically, the preload portion 2 includes a first end face and a second end face arranged in parallel. The first end face is used to abut against the first bearing 1, and the pressing structure 5 is pressed against the second end face, so that the pressing structure 5 can press the first bearing 1 through the preload portion 2 to achieve preload of the first bearing 1. In this embodiment, a shoulder 7 is provided on the gearbox, and the side of the outer ring of the first bearing 1 away from the preload portion 2 abuts against the shoulder 7 to achieve positioning of the first bearing 1 during installation. Preferably, the first end face abuts against the side of the inner ring of the first bearing 1 away from the shoulder 7, so that the first bearing 1 is clamped between the preload portion 2 and the shoulder 7, thereby achieving preload of the first bearing 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, an abutment portion 21 is provided on the first end face, and the first end face abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing 1 through the abutment portion 21. The contact surface between the abutment portion 21 and the first bearing 1 is smoothly arranged and parallel to the end face of the inner ring of the first bearing 1, which is conducive to ensuring that the pre-tightening distance of the pre-tightening portion 2 on the first bearing 1 is accurate.

[0033] Preferably, a notch 211 is provided on the abutting portion 21, which can reduce the contact area between the abutting portion 21 and the inner ring of the first bearing 1, which is beneficial to improving the flatness of the contact surface between the abutting portion 21 and the first bearing 1 and the end face of the inner ring of the first bearing 1, thereby improving the pre-tightening effect on the first bearing 1.

[0034] Preferably, one end of the transmission shaft 4 is provided with a step 41, and the second end face is configured to extend beyond the step face, the distance the second end face extends beyond the step face being U1, so that the pressing component can press the preload portion 2 from the end of the transmission shaft 4 having the step 41. In this embodiment, the pressing structure 5 is provided with a pressing end and a clamping end, the pressing end being used to abut against the second end face, the clamping end being located between the pressing end and the step face, the clamping end extending beyond the pressing end, and the distance the clamping end extends beyond the pressing end being U2, so that when the pressing end is pressed to drive the preload portion 2 to move toward the step face, the clamping end can be clamped between the pressing end and the step face. When the clamping end is clamped between the pressing end and the step face, the distance the pressing end presses to drive the preload portion 2 to move is the preload distance U3 of the preload portion 2 to the first bearing 1, where U3 = U1 - U2. It is understandable that the value of U1 is greater than the value of U2.

[0035] During the process of pressing and pre-tightening the first bearing 1, the connector 6 can drive the transmission shaft 4 to move toward the connector 6, pressing the second bearing 11 against the gearbox, thereby pre-tightening the second bearing 11. The pre-tightening distance is also U3, so that the bearing pre-tightening structure simultaneously pre-tightens the first bearing 1 and the second bearing 11 installed on the gearbox, and the pre-tightening distance U3 can be precisely controlled to meet design requirements. It is worth noting that the first bearing 1 and the second bearing 11 are both sleeved on the transmission shaft 4 and relatively mounted at both ends of the gearbox, which can support the rotation of the transmission shaft 4.

[0036] Through the above structure, when pre-tightening the first bearing 1, the operator can directly control the pre-tightening distance U3 by controlling the values of U1 and U2, so that the pre-tightening distance U3 can accurately meet the design requirements, which is beneficial to improving the service life and reliability of the first bearing 1. At the same time, this bearing pre-tightening structure also eliminates the round nut, which is beneficial to reducing the volume and weight of the gearbox, thereby reducing the cost of the gearbox. It should be noted that when pre-tightening the first bearing 1, the operator can, based on the actual needs of the pre-tightening distance U3, grind the distance U2 that the clamping end extends from the pressing end to ensure that the pre-tightening distance U3 meets the design requirements, which is beneficial to reducing the deviation of the pre-tightening distance U3.

[0037] In this embodiment, a plurality of pressing structures 5 are provided, and the plurality of pressing structures 5 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission shaft 4, so that the pressing force exerted by the pressing structures 5 on the pre-tightening portion 2 is evenly distributed along the circumference, thereby ensuring a uniform pre-tightening effect on the first bearing 1 in the circumferential direction. In other embodiments, the pressing structure 5 may also be provided in a circular shape, with the pressing structure 5 being sleeved on the small-diameter section of the step 41, so that the pressing force exerted by the pressing structures 5 on the pre-tightening portion 2 is evenly distributed along the circumference, thereby ensuring a uniform pre-tightening effect on the first bearing 1 in the circumferential direction.

[0038] In this embodiment, the clamping structure 5 includes a pressure plate 51 and a matching washer 52. The pressure plate 51 abuts the second end surface, and the matching washer 52 is attached to the pressure plate 51 and located between the pressure plate 51 and the stepped surface. The thickness of the matching washer 52 is U2. When the matching washer 52 is clamped between the pressure plate 51 and the stepped surface, the pressure plate 51 drives the preload portion 2 to preload the first bearing 1 to a distance U3, where U3 = U1 - U2. Similarly, when preloading the first bearing 1, the operator can also adjust the thickness U2 of the matching washer 52 according to the actual needs of the preload distance U3, so that the preload distance U3 accurately meets the design requirements, which helps to reduce the deviation of the preload distance U3.

[0039] Preferably, the pressure plate 51 , the wear pad 52 and the pre-tightening portion 2 are all configured as metal parts, which have high rigidity and are not easily deformed, thereby facilitating the accuracy of the pre-tightening distance of the first bearing 1 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the connecting member 6 includes a connecting bolt 61 . The connecting bolt 61 passes through the pressing plate 51 and the wear pad 52 and is connected to the step surface to press the pressing plate 51 .

[0041] It is worth noting that when a spline is provided on the transmission shaft 4, the step 41 on the transmission shaft 4 can be replaced by a spline. The spline must meet sufficient connection strength with the connecting member 6 and abutment strength with the wear pad 52, and can cooperate with the connecting member 6 to achieve a good clamping effect on the clamping structure 5.

[0042] This embodiment further provides a gearbox comprising a planetary carrier 3 and the bearing pre-tightening structure provided by the aforementioned technical solution. The pre-tightening portion 2 is disposed on the planetary carrier 3 and sleeved on the transmission shaft 4. Because the gearbox employs the bearing pre-tightening structure provided by the aforementioned technical solution, the round nut used to pre-tighten the first bearing 1 is eliminated, thereby reducing the size and weight of the gearbox and thereby reducing the cost of the gearbox.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing preload structure for preload a first bearing (1) and a second bearing (11) mounted on a gearbox, characterized in that: include: A pre-tightening portion (2) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (4), the pre-tightening portion (2) comprising a first end face and a second end face arranged opposite to each other, the first end face being used to abut against the first bearing (1); a step (41) is provided on the transmission shaft (4) to form a step surface, and the second end face extends out of the step surface by an axial distance U1; A clamping structure (5), the clamping structure (5) comprising a pressing end and a clamping end, the pressing end abutting against the second end surface, the clamping end being located between the pressing end and the step surface, and the clamping end extending from the pressing end by an axial distance U2; A connecting member (6), the connecting member (6) being connected to the pressing structure (5) and the transmission shaft (4), the connecting member (6) being used to drive the pre-tightening portion (2) through the pressing structure (5) to press the first bearing (1) toward the gear box by a pre-tightening distance U3, and at the same time, the connecting member (6) can drive the transmission shaft (4) to press the second bearing (11) toward the gear box by a pre-tightening distance U3, wherein U3 = U1 - U2; The preload distance U3 is directly controlled by controlling the values of U1 and U2, while the round nut is omitted; The bearing preload structure can accurately control the preload amounts of the first bearing (1) and the second bearing (11).

2. The bearing preload structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing end is a pressing plate (51), the clamping end is a grinding pad (52), the pressing plate (51) is held against the second end surface, the grinding pad (52) is attached to the pressing plate (51) and is located between the pressing plate (51) and the step surface, and the thickness of the grinding pad (52) is U2.

3. The bearing preload structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting member (6) comprises a connecting bolt (61), and the connecting bolt (61) passes through the pressure plate (51) and the wear pad (52) and is connected to the step surface.

4. The bearing preload structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structures (5) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of clamping structures (5) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the transmission shaft (4).

5. The bearing preload structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing structure (5) is configured as a circular ring, and the pressing structure (5) is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the step (41).

6. The bearing preload structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear box is provided with a shaft shoulder (7), and the outer ring of the first bearing (1) abuts against the shaft shoulder (7).

7. The bearing preload structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end face abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing (1).

8. The bearing preload structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An abutment portion (21) is provided on the first end surface, and the first end surface abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing (1) through the abutment portion (21).

9. The bearing preload structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A notch (211) is provided on the abutting portion (21).

10. A gear box, characterized in that: It comprises a planet carrier (3) and a bearing pre-tightening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the pre-tightening portion (2) is arranged on the planet carrier (3).

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