Air filter device, filter cartridge replacement method thereof, and battery power system

Abstract

The application provides an air filtering device, a filter core replacement method and a battery power system. The air filtering device comprises a wind guide pipe (1) and a fuel cell air inlet (2), a filter core mounting position for placing an air filter core (3) is arranged between the wind guide pipe (1) and the fuel cell air inlet (2), the air filter core (3) is mounted at the filter core mounting position, the air filtering device further comprises a filter core replacement device, the filter core replacement device can rotate relative to the filter core mounting position, the filter core replacement device comprises a mounting structure (4), the mounting structure (4) can take out the old air filter core (3) at the filter core mounting position under the rotation of the filter core replacement device, and install the new air filter core (3) at the filter core mounting position. According to the air filtering device, automatic replacement of the filter core can be realized, the convenience of filter core replacement is improved, and the filter core replacement cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular to an air filtering device, a filter element replacement method thereof and a battery power system. BACKGROUND

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell (also known as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell) is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, low operating temperature, etc., and is a clean energy technology with great development prospects. It has become a research hotspot in many fields such as unmanned ships, unmanned aerial vehicles, direct current microgrids, backup power supplies, and hydrogen energy battery cars.

[0003] Taking an unmanned ship as an example, the unmanned ship equipment can realize maritime supervision, water search and rescue, channel surveying and mapping, accident evidence collection, water pollution measurement, dangerous goods emergency and pollution prevention treatment, etc. The traditional power system of the unmanned ship uses a single storage battery for power supply, and the endurance is very limited, or uses an internal combustion engine as a power source. When performing environmental monitoring, the exhaust gas or oil stains discharged by the internal combustion engine will affect the accuracy of water or air sampling. In the prior art, wind and solar power are used to supply power to the storage battery, which further improves the endurance, but the endurance is still limited, and the wind and solar power supply is greatly affected by the weather, which has great uncertainty. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell is an ideal power supply for the unmanned ship.

[0004] Hydrogen fuel cells can be divided into two types: circulating water cooling (referred to as water cooling) and air cooling (referred to as air cooling). Among them, the air-cooled fuel cell is more suitable for use in unmanned ships due to its simple structure, low self-consumption (<5%) and other characteristics. Air is generally introduced into the cathode side of the hydrogen fuel cell. However, compared with land, the marine environment is complex, the air is humid and contains salt mist and other impurities, so the introduced air needs to be filtered. The unmanned ship generally has a long working cycle, and the filter element needs to be replaced after a period of operation, otherwise the filtering efficiency will be poor, which will cause irreversible damage to the hydrogen-air fuel cell. Unlike unmanned equipment on land, unmanned equipment on the sea has no or few supply stations, and replacing the filter element will bring great inconvenience and additional cost. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an air filtering device, a filter element replacement method thereof and a battery power system, which can realize automatic replacement of the filter element, improve the convenience of filter element replacement, and reduce the cost of filter element replacement.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides an air filtering device, which comprises a wind guide pipe and a fuel cell air inlet, a filter element mounting position for placing an air filter element is arranged between the wind guide pipe and the fuel cell air inlet, an air filter element is mounted at the filter element mounting position, the air filter element is in sealing cooperation with the wind guide pipe and the fuel cell air inlet, the air filtering device further comprises a filter element replacement device, the filter element replacement device can rotate relative to the filter element mounting position, the filter element replacement device comprises a mounting structure, the mounting structure can take out an old air filter element at the filter element mounting position and mount a new air filter element at the filter element mounting position under the action of rotation of the filter element replacement device.

[0007] Preferably, the filter element replacement device further comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of mounting structures are mounted on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft, and an air filter element is placed on each mounting structure.

[0008] Preferably, the filter element replacement device further comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is in driving connection with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the air filtering device further comprises an air quality detection device, the air quality detection device is used for detecting air filtered by the air filter element, and the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate according to the detection result of the air quality detection device, so that the old air filter element is rotated out of the filter element mounting position with the mounting structure, and the new air filter element enters the filter element mounting position with the mounting structure.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting structure comprises a hollow chuck, and the air filter element is mounted in the chuck; or the mounting structure comprises a hollow tray, the tray comprises a circumferential wall for mounting and limiting the air filter element, and the air filter element is mounted in the tray.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting structure comprises a clamping jaw, and the air filter element is clamped and fixed in the clamping jaw.

[0011] Preferably, the filter element replacement device is mounted and fixed on the wind guide pipe, and the mounting structure is arranged in suspension.

[0012] Preferably, an air extractor is mounted at the fuel cell air inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the air filtering device further comprises a filter element supply device, the filter element supply device comprises a barrel, an air filter element is arranged in the barrel, the mounting structure can be rotated to the barrel, and a new air filter element is mounted on the mounting structure at the barrel.

[0014] Preferably, the filter element replacement device further comprises a fuel cell tail gas recovery device, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device can recover tail gas of the fuel cell and deliver the recovered tail gas to the fuel cell air inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device comprises an air inlet pipeline, an air outlet pipeline, a back gas pipeline and an exhaust pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is connected to an inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the air outlet pipeline is connected to an outlet end of the fuel cell stack, a first end of the back gas pipeline is connected to the air inlet pipeline, and the air outlet pipeline is selectively communicated with the exhaust pipeline and a second end of the back gas pipeline through a three-way valve.

[0016] Preferably, a one-way valve is arranged on the back gas pipeline to prevent air flow from the air inlet pipeline to the air outlet pipeline.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, a filter core replacement method of the above-mentioned air filter device is provided, comprising:

[0018] detecting whether the air filter core reaches a replacement condition;

[0019] when the air filter core reaches the replacement condition, controlling the mounting structure to rotate to a filter core mounting position to replace the air filter core.

[0020] Preferably, the step of detecting whether the air filter core reaches the replacement condition comprises:

[0021] detecting whether a cumulative working time of the air filter core reaches a preset time;

[0022] if the preset time is reached, it is judged that the replacement condition is reached;

[0023] after the air filter core is replaced, the cumulative time is reset to zero.

[0024] Preferably, the step of detecting whether the air filter core reaches the replacement condition comprises:

[0025] detecting whether the quality of air filtered by the air filter core is qualified;

[0026] if the quality of air is unqualified, it is judged that the replacement condition is reached.

[0027] Preferably, the step of controlling the mounting structure to rotate to the filter core mounting position to replace the air filter core comprises:

[0028] controlling the mounting structure to take an old air filter core;

[0029] controlling the mounting structure to rotate out of the filter core mounting position and place the old air filter core outside the filter core mounting position;

[0030] controlling the mounting structure to rotate to a filter core storage and taking position to take a new air filter core;

[0031] controlling the mounting structure to rotate to the filter core mounting position and place the new air filter core in the filter core mounting position.

[0032] Preferably, the step of replacing the air filter includes:

[0033] The installation structure is controlled to rotate so that the installation structure in which the old air filter is installed rotates out of the filter installation position, and the installation structure in which the new air filter is installed rotates into the filter installation position.

[0034] Preferably, the filter replacement method further includes:

[0035] Detecting whether the fuel cell stack starts to work;

[0036] When the fuel cell stack starts to work, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device is opened;

[0037] The air return pipe is controlled to communicate with the air outlet pipe so that the tail gas of the air outlet pipe converges with the air flow of the air inlet pipe through the air return pipe and enters the fuel cell stack;

[0038] Detecting whether the fuel cell stack reaches a preset temperature;

[0039] When it is detected that the fuel cell stack reaches the preset temperature, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device is closed so that the air return pipe does not communicate with the air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe communicates with the exhaust pipe, and the tail gas of the air outlet pipe is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present application, a battery power system is provided, which includes the air filter device described above.

[0041] The air filter device provided by the present application includes an air guide pipe and a fuel cell air inlet, a filter installation position for placing an air filter is arranged between the air guide pipe and the fuel cell air inlet, an air filter is installed at the filter installation position, the air filter is in sealing cooperation with the air guide pipe and the fuel cell air inlet, the air filter device further includes a filter replacement device, the filter replacement device is capable of rotating relative to the filter installation position, the filter replacement device includes an installation structure, the installation structure is capable of taking out an old air filter at the filter installation position and installing a new air filter at the filter installation position under the rotating action of the filter replacement device. The air filter device of the present application increases the filter replacement device, can realize automatic replacement of the air filter by the rotating action of the installation structure of the filter replacement device, has simple structure, is convenient to realize, can effectively improve the convenience of filter replacement, and reduces the cost of filter replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is a side view of the air filter device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2Structure diagram of air filtering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 Structure diagram of air filtering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 Structure diagram of fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 Structure diagram of fuel cell tail gas recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 First control flow chart of filter core replacement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 Second control flow chart of filter core replacement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 Control flow chart of fuel cell tail gas recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Reference signs are shown as follows:

[0051] 1, air guide pipe; 2, fuel cell air inlet; 3, air filter core; 4, mounting structure; 5, rotating shaft; 6, driving motor; 7, air quality detection device; 8, air suction fan; 9, air inlet pipeline; 10, fuel cell stack; 11, air outlet pipeline; 12, air return pipeline; 13, air exhaust pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] For reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, according to the embodiment of the present application, the air filtering device comprises an air guide pipe 1 and a fuel cell air inlet 2, and a filter core mounting position for placing an air filter core 3 is arranged between the air guide pipe 1 and the fuel cell air inlet 2, an air filter core 3 is mounted at the filter core mounting position, the air filter core 3 is in sealing cooperation with the air guide pipe 1 and the fuel cell air inlet 2, and the air filtering device further comprises a filter core replacement device, the filter core replacement device is capable of rotating relative to the filter core mounting position, and the filter core replacement device comprises a mounting structure 4, the mounting structure 4 is capable of taking out an old air filter core 3 at the filter core mounting position and mounting a new air filter core 3 at the filter core mounting position under the rotating action of the filter core replacement device.

[0053] The air filter device of the present application increases the filter core replacement device, can realize the automatic replacement of the air filter core 3 by the rotating action of the mounting structure 4 of the filter core replacement device, has simple structure, realizes the convenience, can effectively improve the convenience of the filter core replacement, reduces the filter core replacement cost. In the embodiment, only by adjusting the rotating position of the mounting structure 4, the replacement of the air filter core 3 can be realized by the rotating position of the mounting structure 4, so that the required structure is less, the required energy consumption is less, the structure is simple, and a large parasitic power is not brought, and the energy utilization rate of the filter core replacement device can be improved.

[0054] The filter core replacement device further comprises a rotating shaft 5, a plurality of mounting structures 4 are mounted on the circumferential side of the rotating shaft 5, and the air filter core 3 is placed on each mounting structure 4. The rotating shaft 5 is provided with a plurality of connecting arms in the circumferential direction, the connecting arms extend in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 5, and the mounting structure 4 is arranged at one end of the connecting arm away from the rotating shaft 5. By changing the length of the connecting arm, the distance between the mounting structure 4 and the rotating shaft 5 can be reasonably adjusted, so that the rotating shaft 5 can be arranged at a place with a suitable distance from the filter core mounting position, facilitating the arrangement of the rotating shaft 5, avoiding the interference between the arrangement position of the rotating shaft 5 and the air inlet pipe 1 or the fuel cell air inlet 2, and improving the flexibility of the arrangement position of the rotating shaft 5.

[0055] The filter core replacement device further comprises a driving motor 6, the driving motor 6 is drivingly connected with the rotating shaft 5, and drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. The air filter device further comprises an air quality detection device 7, which is used for detecting the air filtered by the air filter core 3. The driving motor 6 drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate according to the detection result of the air quality detection device 7, so that the old air filter core 3 is turned out of the filter core mounting position with the mounting structure 4, and the new air filter core 3 is turned into the filter core mounting position with the mounting structure 4.

[0056] The filter core replacement device further comprises a controller, wherein the air quality detection device 7 and the driving motor 6 are both in communication connection with the controller. The controller can obtain the filtered air quality detected by the air quality detection device 7, and compare the air quality with the set air quality. When the air quality does not reach the set air quality, it means that the filtering capacity of the air filter core 3 is reduced and cannot meet the air filtering requirement, and needs to be replaced. At this time, the controller can control the driving motor 6 to drive the mounting structure 4 to rotate, so that the mounting structure 4 can replace the air filter core 3 located in the filter core mounting position, and ensure that the air filter core 3 can play an effective filtering role.

[0057] A plurality of air quality detection devices 7 are arranged below the air filter element 3, each air quality detection device 7 is a point of air quality measurement, and the air quality is monitored in real time. If the air quality of one of the points does not meet the standard (evaluation standard: the concentration of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides should be equal to or higher than the daily average third level standard defined in GB 3095-1996. The concentration of carbon oxides, hydrocarbons and water vapor should be equal to or higher than the following requirements: CO2 concentration ≤ 0.5 x 10-6, CO concentration ≤ 1.0 x 10-6, hydrocarbon concentration ≤ 0.5 x 10-6, and the filtration effect on particles above 0.3 μm needs to be > 98%), the driving motor 6 is controlled to rotate the rotating shaft 5 rapidly, and the filter element reaching the service life is replaced with a new air filter element 3. The theoretical distance between the air duct 1, the air filter element 3 and the fuel cell air inlet 2 is close enough to achieve good filtration effect. -6 -5 -6 The air duct 1, the air filter element 3 and the fuel cell air inlet 2 are arranged in close proximity to each other, and the filtration effect is good.

[0058] A suction fan 8 is installed at the fuel cell air inlet 2, and a negative pressure is formed at the fuel cell air inlet 2, so that the air at the air duct 1 is sucked into the fuel cell air inlet 2 after being filtered by the air filter element 3. The external air reaches the air filter element 3 through the air duct 1, is filtered by the air filter element 3, enters the stack from the fuel cell air inlet 2, participates in the electrochemical reaction, and then generates electricity. After the air filter element 3 works for a certain period of time T (generally 500 h under urban working conditions, T = 500 * k, k is the relative coefficient of actual working conditions and urban working conditions, 0 ≤ k ≤ 2, the more severe the environment, the more the k value deviates from 0, generally the k value tends to 1, and the better the air quality, the more the k value tends to 2), the filtration effect becomes poor. The signal is transmitted to the driving motor 6 through the connection line of the motor, and the driving motor 6 drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate rapidly. The rotatable rotating shaft 5 completes rotation in a very short time, and then the filter element reaching the service life is replaced with a new air filter element 3. The filter element of the air filter element 3 contains two parts: one is a fiber filter material: the non-uniformly arranged fiber material can effectively filter particles above 0.3 μm, and does not generate too much resistance to the airflow. The second is a chemical filter part: specifically, the active carbon (van der Waals force) captures gas molecules, and then the pollutants react with the chemical composition on the material to generate solid components or harmless gases.

[0059] In one embodiment, the mounting structure 4 includes a hollow chuck, and the air filter element 3 is mounted in the chuck.

[0060] In another embodiment, the mounting structure 4 includes a hollow tray, and the tray includes a peripheral wall for limiting the installation of the air filter element 3. The air filter element 3 is mounted in the tray.

[0061] ​​In another embodiment, the mounting structure 4 comprises a clamping jaw, and the air filter element 3 is clamped and fixed in the clamping jaw.

[0062] The number of the mounting structure 4 can be one, two or more. For a single mounting structure 4, a structure capable of operating the air filter element 3 is required, so that the mounting structure 4 can reach the filter element mounting position when the old air filter element 3 needs to be removed from the filter element mounting position, and fix the old air filter element 3 on the mounting structure 4, then control the mounting structure 4 to rotate out of the filter element mounting position, and then release the old air filter element 3 to complete the emptying of the filter element mounting position. Then control the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter element access position, select and fix a new air filter element 3, and then control the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter element mounting position by driving the motor 6, and then control the mounting structure 4 to release the new air filter element 3, so that the air filter element 3 is mounted in the filter element mounting position, and the replacement of the air filter element is completed. For this kind of replacement structure, the number of replacement of the air filter element 3 depends on the number of air filter elements stored at the filter element access position.

[0063] For the structure in which the shaft 5 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of mounting structures 4, the number of mounting structures 4 determines the number of replacement of the air filter element at the filter element mounting position. In this embodiment, the air filter element 3 is fixedly mounted on the mounting structure 4, and the mounting structure 4 is a hollow structure, which only fixes the air filter element 3 on the circumferential side and does not affect the air filtering function of the air filter element 3. When replacing the air filter element 3, the old air filter element 3 does not need to be removed from the mounting structure 4, only the mounting structure 4 on which the old air filter element 3 at the filter element mounting position is rotated out of the filter element mounting position, and then the mounting structure 4 on which the new air filter element 3 is rotated into the filter element mounting position, so that the replacement of the air filter element 3 can be realized, and the mounting structure 4 can fix the mounting position of the air filter element 3, which can effectively simplify the replacement structure of the air filter element 3, and is simple and convenient to operate, requires less control function, and has a simple control structure, only needs to control the rotation time and rotation position of the mounting structure 4, has lower precision requirement for the control structure, lower cost and better durability.

[0064] The filter core replacement device is fixedly installed on the air duct 1, and the installation structure 4 is suspended. In the embodiment, the driving motor 6 of the filter core replacement device is fixedly connected to the air duct 1. The driving motor 6 can be fixedly connected to the air duct 1 by a mounting rack or a clamp. After the driving motor 6 is fixedly arranged on the air duct 1, the driving motor 6 is fixedly installed, so that the relative position of the shaft 5 and the installation structure 4 to the filter core installation position is determined. Therefore, the installation position of the driving motor 6 relative to the air duct 1 is determined according to the relative position between the installation structure 4 and the shaft 5, so that the installation structure 4 can conveniently replace the air filter 3 at the filter core installation position.

[0065] Preferably, the air filter device further comprises a filter core supply device. The filter core supply device comprises a cylinder body, the air filter 3 is arranged in the cylinder body, and the installation structure 4 can be rotated to the cylinder body and install a new air filter 3 on the installation structure 4 at the cylinder body.

[0066] In the embodiment, the filter core supply device is added, so that the air filter 3 on the installation structure 4 can be replaced, thereby prolonging the service life of the air filter device and improving the overall use time of the air filter device.

[0067] When the air filter 3 is replaced, the installation structure 4 can be controlled to loosen the old air filter 3, and then a mechanical arm or the like is used to send a new air filter 3 to the installation structure 4, and the installation structure 4 is controlled to clamp the new air filter 3. Alternatively, a sleeve feeding structure can be used. Before reaching the material taking position, the installation structure 4 discards the old air filter 3. After reaching the material taking position, the lower outlet of the sleeve is opened, the new air filter 3 falls on the installation structure 4, and then the outlet of the sleeve is closed, thereby completing the replacement of the air filter 3 on the installation structure 4.

[0068] The filter core replacement device further comprises a fuel cell tail gas recovery device. The fuel cell tail gas recovery device can recover the tail gas of the fuel cell and deliver the recovered tail gas to the air inlet 2 of the fuel cell. The fuel cell tail gas recovery device can use the tail gas of the fuel cell stack 10 to adjust the reaction temperature of the fuel cell stack 10, reduce the working load of the air filter 3, and slow down the aging of the air filter 3.

[0069] The fuel cell tail gas recovery device comprises an air inlet pipeline 9, an air outlet pipeline 11, a return air pipeline 12 and an external exhaust pipeline 13, the air inlet pipeline 9 is connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10, the air outlet pipeline 11 is connected to the outlet end of the fuel cell stack, the first end of the return air pipeline 12 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 9, and the air outlet pipeline 11 is selectively communicated with the external exhaust pipeline 13 and the second end of the return air pipeline 12 through a three-way valve. The air inlet pipeline 9 is communicated with the hydrogen-air fuel cell air inlet 2.

[0070] The return air pipeline 12 is provided with a one-way valve for preventing the air flow from the air inlet pipeline 9 to the air outlet pipeline 11.

[0071] The external air is introduced through the air guide pipe 1, filtered by the air filter element 3 to obtain clean air, and then introduced into the stack through the hydrogen-air fuel cell air inlet 2. Generally, about 20% of the air participates in the reaction, and about 80% of the air is used as cooling air to cool the stack. However, during the initial operation of the hydrogen-air fuel cell, the degree of electrochemical reaction is low, and the heat generated is small, so the temperature of the stack is low. In this case, the tail gas can be recycled through the air outlet pipeline 11 and the three-way valve and introduced into the air inlet pipeline 9. Due to the existence of the air blower 8, a large flow rate can be provided for the air flow entering the air inlet pipeline 9, so that an ejector effect can be formed to introduce the tail gas at the air outlet pipeline 11 into the air inlet pipeline 9. The air flow in the air inlet pipeline 9 is merged and introduced into the stack. At this time, the main function of the air is to participate in the reaction.

[0072] The main components of the tail gas of the air are unreacted oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor and liquid water. In this way, the pressure of the filter element can be reduced, and the temperature of the tail gas is slightly higher than that of the inlet air, which can make the stack reach the rated operating temperature (for a hydrogen-air fuel cell using air cooling, the rated operating temperature is generally about 60°C) more quickly. In addition, the tail gas contains a large amount of moisture, which is beneficial to the humidification of the battery, the mass transfer and charge transfer in the battery, and the improvement of the output power of the fuel cell (for a small unmanned ship, the output power is generally 200-1KW, and the output power of a larger ship is expected to reach 2-5KW). When the control system detects that the temperature of the stack has increased to the ideal value (about 60°C), the tail gas is discharged through the external exhaust pipeline 13 by controlling the three-way valve. At this time, the main function of the tail gas is heat dissipation.

[0073] For reference Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the air filter device shown in the embodiment of the present application, the filter element replacement method of the air filter device comprises: detecting whether the air filter element 3 reaches the replacement condition; when the air filter element 3 reaches the replacement condition, rotating the mounting structure 4 to the filter element mounting position to replace the air filter element 3.

[0074] The step of detecting whether the air filter 3 reaches the replacement condition includes: detecting whether the cumulative working time of the air filter 3 reaches a preset time; if the preset time is reached, it is judged that the replacement condition is reached; and the cumulative time is reset to zero after the air filter 3 is replaced.

[0075] The step of detecting whether the air filter 3 reaches the replacement condition includes: detecting whether the air quality filtered by the air filter 3 is qualified; if the air quality is not qualified, it is judged that the replacement condition is reached.

[0076] The step of controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter mounting position to replace the air filter 3 includes: controlling the mounting structure 4 to take the old air filter 3; controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate out of the filter mounting position and place the old air filter 3 outside the filter mounting position; controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter access position to take the new air filter 3; and controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter mounting position and place the new air filter 3 in the filter mounting position.

[0077] The step of controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate to the filter mounting position to replace the air filter 3 includes: controlling the mounting structure 4 to rotate so that the mounting structure 4 mounting the old air filter 3 rotates out of the filter mounting position, and the mounting structure 4 mounting the new air filter 3 rotates into the filter mounting position.

[0078] The filter replacement method further includes: detecting whether the fuel cell stack 10 starts to work; when the fuel cell stack 10 starts to work, starting the fuel cell tail gas recovery device; controlling the air return pipeline 12 to communicate with the air outlet pipeline 11, so that the tail gas of the air outlet pipeline 11 flows into the fuel cell stack 10 through the air return pipeline 12 and the air flow of the air inlet pipeline 9; detecting whether the fuel cell stack 10 reaches a preset temperature; when it is detected that the fuel cell stack reaches the preset temperature, stopping the fuel cell tail gas recovery device, so that the air return pipeline 12 does not communicate with the air outlet pipeline 11, the air outlet pipeline 11 communicates with the exhaust pipeline, and the tail gas of the air outlet pipeline is discharged through the exhaust pipeline.

[0079] According to the embodiments of the present application, the battery power system includes the air filter device.

[0080] The battery power system of the present application is particularly suitable for offshore unmanned devices, such as unmanned ships and the like.

[0081] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above-mentioned advantageous modes can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0082] The above merely preferred embodiments of the present application are not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above is merely the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that, for the ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present application, a number of improvements and variations can be made, these improvements and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An air filtration device, used on an unmanned ship, characterized in that: The air filter device comprises an air duct (1) and a fuel cell air inlet (2); a filter element installation position for placing an air filter element (3) is provided between the air duct (1) and the fuel cell air inlet (2); an air filter element (3) is installed at the filter element installation position; the air filter element (3) is in sealing engagement with the air duct (1) and the fuel cell air inlet (2); the air filter device further comprises a filter element replacement device, the filter element replacement device is rotatable relative to the filter element installation position, and the filter element replacement device comprises a mounting structure (4); The filter element replacement device further comprises a rotating shaft (5), a plurality of mounting structures (4) are mounted on the circumference of the rotating shaft (5), an air filter element (3) is placed on each mounting structure (4), the filter element replacement device is mounted and fixed on the air duct (1), the mounting structure (4) is suspended, and the mounting structure (4) can rotate the old air filter element (3) at the filter element installation position and rotate the new air filter element (3) to the filter element installation position under the rotation of the filter element replacement device; The mounting structure (4) includes a hollow chuck, and the air filter element (3) is mounted in the chuck; or the mounting structure (4) includes a hollow tray, and the tray includes a peripheral wall for positioning the air filter element (3) in the installation, and the air filter element (3) is mounted in the tray; The rotating shaft (5) is provided with a plurality of connecting arms along the circumferential direction, and the connecting arms extend along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (5). The mounting structure (4) is provided at one end of the connecting arm away from the rotating shaft (5), and the distance between the mounting structure (4) and the rotating shaft (5) can be adjusted by changing the length of the connecting arm.

2. The air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter element replacement device further comprises a driving motor (6), the driving motor (6) being connected to the rotating shaft (5) for driving the rotating shaft (5) to rotate. The air filtering device further comprises an air quality detection device (7), the air quality detection device (7) being used to detect the air filtered by the air filter element (3). The driving motor (6) drives the rotating shaft (5) to rotate according to the detection result of the air quality detection device (7), so that the old air filter element (3) is rotated out of the filter element installation position along with the installation structure (4), and the new air filter element (3) is rotated into the filter element installation position along with the installation structure (4).

3. The air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that The mounting structure (4) comprises a clamping claw, and the air filter element (3) is clamped and fixed in the clamping claw.

4. The air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that An exhaust fan (8) is installed at the fuel cell air inlet (2).

5. The air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter device further comprises a filter element supply device, the filter element supply device comprising a cylinder, an air filter element (3) being arranged in the cylinder, the mounting structure (4) being capable of rotating to the cylinder, and a new air filter element (3) being mounted on the mounting structure (4) at the cylinder.

6. The air filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The filter element replacement device further comprises a fuel cell tail gas recovery device, which is capable of recovering the tail gas of the fuel cell and conveying the recovered tail gas to the fuel cell air inlet (2).

7. The air filter device according to claim 6, characterized in that The fuel cell tail gas recovery device comprises an air intake pipe (9), an air outlet pipe (11), a return pipe (12) and an external exhaust pipe (13), wherein the air intake pipe (9) is connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack (10), the air outlet pipe (11) is connected to the outlet end of the fuel cell stack, the first end of the return pipe (12) is connected to the air intake pipe (9), and the air outlet pipe (11) can be selectively connected to the external exhaust pipe (13) and the second end of the return pipe (12) through a three-way valve.

8. The air filter device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The return air duct (12) is provided with a one-way valve for preventing air from flowing from the air inlet duct (9) to the air outlet duct (11).

9. A method for replacing a filter element of an air filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Check whether the air filter element (3) has reached the replacement condition; When the air filter element (3) reaches a replacement condition, the mounting structure (4) is controlled to rotate to the filter element installation position to replace the air filter element (3).

10. The filter element replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of detecting whether the air filter element (3) has reached the replacement condition include: Detecting whether the accumulated working time of the air filter element (3) reaches a preset time; If the preset time is reached, it is determined that the replacement condition has been met; After the air filter element (3) is replaced, the accumulated time is reset to zero.

11. The filter element replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of detecting whether the air filter element (3) has reached the replacement condition include: Check whether the quality of air filtered by the air filter element (3) is qualified; If the air quality is not up to standard, it is judged that the replacement conditions have been met.

12. The filter element replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of controlling the mounting structure (4) to rotate to the filter element mounting position and replacing the air filter element (3) include: Control the mounting structure (4) to take out the old air filter element (3); Control the installation structure (4) to rotate out of the filter element installation position, and place the old air filter element (3) outside the filter element installation position; Controlling the mounting structure (4) to rotate to the filter element access position to take out a new air filter element (3); The control installation structure (4) is rotated to the filter element installation position, and a new air filter element (3) is placed in the filter element installation position.

13. The filter element replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of controlling the mounting structure (4) to rotate to the filter element mounting position and replacing the air filter element (3) include: The mounting structure (4) is controlled to rotate so that the mounting structure (4) for mounting an old air filter element (3) rotates out of a filter element mounting position, and the mounting structure (4) for mounting a new air filter element (3) rotates into a filter element mounting position.

14. The filter element replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filter element replacement method further includes: Detecting whether the fuel cell stack (10) starts to work; When the fuel cell stack (10) starts working, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device is turned on; Controlling the communication between the return air duct (12) and the air outlet duct (11) so that the tail gas from the air outlet duct (11) merges with the air flow of the air intake duct (9) through the return air duct (12) and enters the fuel cell stack (10); Detecting whether the fuel cell stack (10) has reached a preset temperature; When it is detected that the battery stack reaches a preset temperature, the fuel cell tail gas recovery device is closed, so that the return air pipe (12) is disconnected from the air outlet pipe (11), the air outlet pipe (11) is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the tail gas of the air outlet pipe is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

15. A battery power system comprising an air filter device, characterized in that: The air filter device is the air filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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