A vertical force-measuring bearing with a replaceable force-measuring element

Abstract

A vertical force-measuring bearing with replaceable force-measuring elements is provided with a bearing body in which multiple layers of seat plates are arranged in a matching manner layer by layer. The lowermost seat plate is in a fixed state with the penultimate seat plate. A force-measuring element is provided between the lowermost seat plate and the penultimate seat plate. An inner cavity is formed in the lowermost seat plate, which penetrates through the side surface of the lowermost seat plate and is used for the replacement and installation of the side force element. An installation port communicating with the inner cavity is formed on the upper surface of the lowermost seat plate. The force-measuring element includes a draw plate, a baffle plate, a support plate, a force-measuring sensor, and a central pressing plate. A support plate and a baffle plate are arranged on the surface of the draw plate, and a force-measuring sensor is fixed above the support plate. The bearing force measurement is realized through the measurement of local force on the bearing and the overall static calibration; at the same time, when the function of the force-measuring element is lost, the force-measuring element can be replaced without unloading the top beam and replacing the entire bearing, providing a reliable full-life-cycle monitoring technology for bridges or buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge structure or building, in particular to a vertical force measuring support with replaceable force measuring elements. Background Art

[0002] Health monitoring plays an increasingly important role in the safe operation of bridges and buildings. Force measuring supports can measure the vertical loads borne by the supports and are important measurement carriers. Currently, force measuring supports are mostly carried out using strain gauges, standard force sensors, etc., but once the force measuring components are damaged, the force measuring function of the support will be lost and it will be difficult to replace them unless the force measuring supports are replaced as a whole, which will significantly increase the cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a vertical force measuring bearing with a replaceable force measuring element, which realizes the force measurement of the bearing through the measurement of local force on the bearing and the overall static calibration. At the same time, in the event of a loss of function of the force measuring element, the force measuring element can be replaced without the need to unload the top beam and replace the entire bearing, thereby providing a reliable full life cycle monitoring technology for bridges or buildings.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted is: a vertical force measuring support with replaceable force measuring element, provided with a support body with multiple layers of seat plates arranged in coordination with each other layer by layer, the bottom seat plate and the second to last seat plate are in a fixed state, a force measuring element is arranged between the bottom seat plate and the second to last seat plate, an inner cavity penetrating the side of the bottom seat plate and used for replacing and installing the lateral force element is opened in the bottom seat plate, an installation port connected to the inner cavity is opened on the upper surface of the bottom seat plate, and the force measuring element includes a draw plate, a baffle, a support plate, a force sensor and A central pressure plate is provided with a support plate and a baffle on the surface of the draw plate, a force sensor is fixed above the support plate, and a central pressure plate with a central non-metallic slide plate is provided above the force sensor. The draw plate is pushed into the inner cavity and detachably fixed to the lowest seat plate, so that the central non-metallic plate of the central pressure plate is exposed from the mounting port to form a central friction pair with the metal slide plate on the bottom surface of the penultimate seat plate, and the force measuring point of the force sensor coincides with the axis of the support body. The baffle supports the support plate and is detachably fixed to the lowest seat plate, and does not bear vertical bearing force.

[0005] The bottom surface of the support plate contacts the top surface of the draw plate through an inclined surface inclined toward the pushing direction.

[0006] The inner cavity consists of a semi-cylindrical cavity and a rectangular cavity which are connected. The diameter of the semi-cylindrical cavity is equal to or smaller than the width of the rectangular cavity. The semi-cylindrical cavity is used to place a force sensor.

[0007] The baffle is provided with a hole slot for leading out the wire of the force sensor.

[0008] The baffle is fixed to the lowermost seat plate by bolts.

[0009] The extraction plate is fixed to the lowermost seat plate by bolts.

[0010] Threaded holes for applying external force tools are provided on the extraction plate.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1) The force measuring sensor is placed and fixed at the center position of the lowermost seat plate of the support. A part of the vertical force of the support is transmitted to the force measuring sensor through the central non-metallic sliding plate, completing the measurement of the vertical pressure borne by the central non-metallic sliding plate. Then, the relationship between the force borne by the force measuring sensor and the overall vertical force of the support is determined through vertical calibration, so that the overall vertical force of the support can be known through the force borne by the sensor.

[0013] 2) Utilizing Saint-Venant's principle, the specific distribution of the load only affects the stress distribution near the load application area. At a place slightly farther away from the load application area, it is basically only related to the resultant force and resultant moment of the load. Therefore, in the above invention, the force measuring sensor is arranged at the position near the bottom center of the support body, that is, the inner cavity center position of the base plate. The top center pressing plate, central non-metallic sliding plate, second-to-lowermost seat plate and lowermost seat plate of the force measuring sensor are always in a fixed state and are far away from the plane sliding and vertical rotation positions of the support. Therefore, with the change of the support motion state, the force measuring sensor slightly farther away from the upper structure load application area is only related to the overall load, that is, the upper structure load of the support, significantly reducing the influence of the force measuring deviation caused by the change of the support motion state.

[0014] 3) The fixed plane friction pair including the central non-metallic sliding plate at the top of the force measuring sensor always remains fixed, avoiding the wear of the central non-metallic sliding plate and ensuring stable force measurement.

[0015] 4) When the force measuring sensor fails, unscrew the connecting bolts of the extraction plate and the lowermost seat plate, apply an external force on the extraction plate to take out the extraction plate. Since the force borne by the force measuring sensor itself is small and the extraction plate and the support plate are in inclined plane contact, a small external force on the extraction plate can unload the force measuring sensor without a top beam. Then unscrew the connecting bolts of the baffle and the lowermost seat plate, and sequentially take out the baffle, support plate, force measuring sensor, center pressing plate and central non-metallic sliding plate. Replace the new force measuring sensor, assemble it in the original position, apply a thrust outside the extraction plate through the inclined plane and fix it to the original center position, and then sequentially tighten the connecting bolts of the extraction plate, baffle and lowermost seat plate to complete the replaceability of the force measuring sensor.

[0016] 5) Since only the force measuring sensor is replaced during the entire replacement process and the two force measuring sensors have exactly the same specifications and models, and other components are not replaced and their positions remain unchanged, it ensures that the force measurement calibration of the support before and after replacement is consistent, thus realizing the force measurement function of the support throughout its life cycle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the C-C cross-sectional view in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0018] Figure 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 3 is the B-B cross-sectional view of the structure in Embodiment of the present invention; Specific Embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0020] In the figure: 1, base plate; 2, extraction plate; 3, baffle; 4, support plate; 5, force-measuring sensor; 5-1, force-measuring sensor wire; 6, central pressure plate; 7, central non-metallic sliding plate; 8, C-shaped non-metallic sliding plate; 9, lower seat plate; 10, lower spherical rotational friction pair; 11, middle seat plate; 12, upper planar sliding friction pair; 13, upper seat plate; 14, sealing ring; 15, extraction plate bolt; 16, baffle bolt. Specific Embodiments

[0021] As shown in the figure, a vertical force-measuring support with replaceable force-measuring elements is provided with a support body in which multiple layers of seat plates are arranged in a matching manner. The lowermost seat plate (base plate 1) and the second-lowermost seat plate (lower seat plate 9) are in a fixed state, and the fixed state means that there is no rotation or sliding between the lowermost seat plate and the second-lowermost seat plate. A force-measuring element is provided between the lowermost seat plate and the second-lowermost seat plate. An inner cavity is opened in the lowermost seat plate, which penetrates the side surface of the lowermost seat plate and is used for the replacement and installation of the side force element. An installation opening communicating with the inner cavity is opened on the upper surface of the lowermost seat plate. The optimal shape of the installation opening is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner cavity, which is convenient for generating an obstruction when the central pressure plate moves towards the center of the lowermost seat plate. The force-measuring element includes an extraction plate 2, a baffle 3, a support plate 4, a force-measuring sensor 5, and a central pressure plate 6. A support plate 4 and a baffle 3 are provided on the surface of the extraction plate 2. A force-measuring sensor 5 is fixed above the support plate 4. Above the force-measuring sensor 5, there is a central pressure plate 6 with a central non-metallic sliding plate 7. The extraction plate 2 is pushed into the inner cavity and detachably fixed on the lowermost seat plate, so that the central non-metallic plate 7 of the central pressure plate 6 is exposed from the installation opening and forms a central friction pair with the metal sliding plate on the bottom surface of the second-lowermost seat plate, and the force-receiving point of the force-measuring sensor coincides with the axis of the support body. The baffle 3 abuts against the support plate 4 and is detachably fixed on the lowermost seat plate, and does not bear the vertical bearing capacity, that is, the top surface of the baffle 3 is slightly lower than the bottom surface of the metal sliding plate of the second-lowermost seat plate and does not contact the metal sliding plate.

[0022] After an installation opening is formed on the upper surface of the lowermost seat plate, the non-metallic slide plate on the lowermost seat plate adopts a C-shaped non-metallic slide plate 8, and the C-shaped non-metallic slide plate and the stainless steel slide plate attached to the bottom surface of the penultimate seat plate form a fixed plane friction pair.

[0023] The bottom surface of the support plate 4 and the top surface of the extraction plate are in inclined surface contact that slopes towards the pushing direction.

[0024] The inner cavity is composed of a connected semi-cylindrical cavity and a cuboid cavity. The diameter of the semi-cylindrical cavity is equal to or less than the width of the cuboid cavity. The force measuring sensor is circular. The inner cavity of this shape facilitates the installation and replacement of the force measuring element. The semi-cylindrical cavity is used to place the force measuring sensor. The width of the inner cavity is slightly larger than the contour size of the force measuring sensor and the widths of the extraction plate and the baffle.

[0025] The baffle 3 is provided with a hole groove for leading out the wire 5-1 of the force measuring sensor, which facilitates the leading out of the wire 5-1 of the force measuring sensor to be connected to an external display element or a power supply element.

[0026] The baffle 3 is fixed on the lowermost seat plate by bolts. Remove the bolts to take the baffle 3 off the lowermost bottom plate.

[0027] The extraction plate 2 is fixed on the lowermost seat plate by bolts. Remove the bolts to be able to pull out the extraction plate 2 from the inner cavity.

[0028] The extraction plate 2 is provided with threaded holes for applying an external force tooling, which facilitates using the external force tooling to pull out the extraction plate 2.

[0029] The support body can adopt a steel support, a spherical support or a rubber support.

[0030] The depth of the inner cavity is consistent from the outside to the inside, and its cavity bottom is a plane. The bottom surface of the extraction plate 2 is also a plane. The dimensions of the inner cavity and the baffle are designed to ensure that after the baffle is completely pushed in, the force measuring point of the force measuring sensor coincides with the axis of the support body. Moreover, a matching boss structure can be set on the baffle and the extraction plate to ensure that the position remains unchanged after the force measuring sensor is replaced.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] A vertical force measuring spherical support with a replaceable force measuring element is given, such as Figure 1 、 2 、shown in Figure 3. It mainly consists of components such as a base plate 1, an extraction plate 2, a baffle 3, a support plate 4, a force measuring sensor 5, a force measuring sensor wire 5-1, a central pressing plate 6, a central non-metallic slide plate 7, a C-shaped non-metallic slide plate 8, a lower seat plate 9, a lower spherical rotating friction pair 10, a middle seat plate 11, an upper plane sliding friction pair 12, an upper seat plate 13, a sealing ring 14, an extraction plate bolt 15, a baffle bolt 16, etc.

[0033] The upper seat plate 13, the middle seat plate 11, the lower seat plate 9 and the base plate 11 are arranged axially symmetrically from top to bottom. An upper plane sliding friction pair 12 is provided between the upper seat plate 13 and the middle seat plate 11, and a lower spherical rotating friction pair 10 is provided between the middle seat plate 11 and the lower seat plate 9. The upper plane sliding friction pair 12 and the lower spherical rotating friction pair 10 jointly form the vertical bearing friction pair of the bearing, which has the functions of vertical load bearing, longitudinal bridge direction sliding and vertical rotation. Each friction pair includes a non-metallic sliding plate and a stainless steel sliding plate. The fixed plane friction pair is jointly composed of a fixed plane stainless steel sliding plate attached to the bottom of the lower seat plate 9, a central non-metallic sliding plate 7 embedded in the central pressing plate 6 and a C-shaped non-metallic sliding plate 8 embedded in the base plate 1 on the same plane (see Figure 2 ).

[0034] A cavity of a semi-cylinder + rectangular body is opened on one side of the center of the bearing base plate 1. A force measuring sensor 5, a central pressing plate 6 and a central non-metallic sliding plate 7 are vertically arranged at the center of the semi-cylindrical cavity and the center of the fixed plane friction pair; a pull-out plate 2 and a baffle plate 3 are placed in the rectangular cavity of the base plate 1 along one side direction, and are fixed to the base plate 1 with a pull-out plate bolt 15 and a baffle plate bolt 16. The force measuring sensor 5 is fixed on the support plate 4, and the bottom surface of the support plate 4 is in inclined surface contact with the top surface of the pull-out plate 2.

[0035] The central non-metallic sliding plate 7 embedded in the central pressing plate 6 and the C-shaped non-metallic sliding plate 8 embedded in the base plate 1 are on the same plane and jointly bear the vertical load of the bearing. A part of the vertical load of the bearing is transmitted to the force measuring sensor 5 through the central non-metallic sliding plate 7 and the central pressing plate 6 to complete the measurement of the vertical force borne by the central non-metallic sliding plate 7. Through the vertical calibration test, the relationship between the force borne by the central non-metallic sliding plate 7 (i.e., the force value measured by the force measuring sensor 5) and the overall vertical force of the bearing is determined. Finally, the overall vertical force condition of the bearing is inferred by the force of the force measuring sensor 5, so that the bearing has the vertical force measuring function.

[0036] Using Saint-Venant's principle, the specific distribution of the load only affects the stress distribution near the load application area. At a place slightly farther away from the load application area, it is basically only related to the resultant force and resultant moment of the load. The force measuring sensor 5 is arranged and fixed at the center inner cavity position of the base plate 1. The top fixed plane friction pair of the force measuring sensor 5 is always in a fixed state, avoiding the wear problem of the non-metallic sliding plate caused by sliding or rotation, and being far away from the plane sliding and vertical rotation positions of the bearing. Therefore, for the change of the bearing motion state, the force measuring sensor 5, which is slightly farther away from the load application area of the upper structure load, is only related to the overall load, that is, the load of the upper structure of the bearing, significantly reducing the influence of the force measuring deviation caused by the change of the bearing motion state.

[0037] When the force-measuring sensor 5 fails, unscrew the drawplate bolt 15 between the drawplate 2 and the base plate 1, apply an external force on the drawplate 2 to remove the drawplate 2. Since the force-measuring sensor 5 itself is subjected to a small force, and the drawplate 2 and the support plate 4 are in contact with an inclined surface, a small external force can be applied to unload the force-measuring sensor 5 without using a top beam. Then unscrew the baffle bolt 16 of the baffle 3 and the base plate 1, and sequentially remove the baffle 3, the support plate 4, the force-measuring sensor 5, the central pressure plate 6 and the central non-metallic slide plate 7. Replace the new force-measuring sensor 5, and assemble it in the original position. Apply a thrust outside the drawplate 2 through the inclined surface and fix it to the original central position, and then sequentially tighten the drawplate bolt 15 and the baffle bolt 16 of the drawplate 2, the baffle 3 and the base plate 1 to complete the replaceability of the force-measuring sensor 5.

[0038] Since only the force-measuring sensor 5 is replaced during the entire replacement process, and the two force-measuring sensors 5 have exactly the same specifications and models, and other components are not replaced and their positions remain unchanged, it ensures that the force measurement calibration of the bearing before and after replacement is consistent, thus realizing the force measurement function of the bearing throughout its life cycle.

[0039] Under normal circumstances, the vertical force-measuring spherical bearing with replaceable force-measuring elements in this embodiment can achieve the functions of vertical load-bearing, sliding in the moving direction, and vertical rotation of the bearing. At the same time, when the force-measuring element fails, the replaceability of the force-measuring element can be realized without using a top beam, so that the bearing always has the vertical force-measuring function throughout its life cycle.

Claims

1. A vertical force-measuring support with replaceable force-measuring elements, comprising a support body with multiple layers of seat plates arranged in a matching manner layer by layer. The lowermost seat plate is in a fixed state with the penultimate seat plate. A force-measuring element is provided between the lowermost seat plate and the penultimate seat plate, and it is characterized in that: The lowest-layer seat plate is provided with an inner cavity that penetrates the side surface of the lowest-layer seat plate and is used for the replacement and installation of the force-measuring element. An installation opening communicating with the inner cavity is provided on the upper surface of the lowest-layer seat plate. The force-measuring element includes a drawer plate, a baffle plate, a support plate, a force-measuring sensor, and a central pressing plate. A support plate and a baffle plate are provided on the surface of the drawer plate. A force-measuring sensor is fixed above the support plate. Above the force-measuring sensor is a central pressing plate with a central non-metallic sliding plate. The drawer plate is pushed into the inner cavity and detachably fixed on the lowest-layer seat plate, so that the central non-metallic plate of the central pressing plate exposes the installation opening to form a central friction pair with the metal sliding plate on the bottom surface of the second-lowest-layer seat plate, and the force-applying point of the force-measuring sensor coincides with the axis of the support body. The baffle plate abuts against the support plate and is detachably fixed on the lowest-layer seat plate and does not bear the vertical bearing capacity; the bottom surface of the support plate and the top surface of the drawer plate are in contact with an inclined surface that is inclined in the pushing direction; the inner cavity is composed of a connected semi-cylindrical cavity and a cuboid cavity. The diameter of the semi-cylindrical cavity is equal to or smaller than the width of the cuboid cavity, and the semi-cylindrical cavity is used for placing the force-measuring sensor.

2. The vertical force measuring support with replaceable force measuring element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate is provided with a hole groove for leading out the wire of the force-measuring sensor.

3. The vertical force-measuring support with replaceable force-measuring element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate is fixed on the lowest-layer seat plate by bolts.

4. The vertical force measuring support with replaceable force measuring element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drawer plate is fixed on the lowest-layer seat plate by bolts.

5. The vertical force-measuring bearing with replaceable force-measuring element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drawer plate is provided with a threaded hole for the external force application tooling.

Images