Offshore floating wind turbine generator system based on single column foundation with damper

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and a damper, comprising a wind turbine, a single-column foundation, a cable, an anchoring device and a hydraulic damper with a one-way valve, wherein the wind turbine is mounted on the single-column foundation, the single-column foundation is mounted on the hydraulic damper, the single-column foundation and the hydraulic damper are connected to the underwater anchoring device through a cable, the single-column foundation is provided with a static ballast tank and a dynamic ballast tank distributed up and down, the dynamic ballast tank is surrounded by a counterweight, a buoyancy piston and a single-column foundation shell, and is provided with a compression spring, the buoyancy piston is connected to the damping piston of the hydraulic damper through a piston rod, the compression spring, the buoyancy piston and the damping piston move up or down together with the wind turbine upward or downward, thereby changing the internal volume of the hydraulic damper, and injecting or discharging water through the one-way valve, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the wind turbine damping, and reducing the stress on a portion of the cable and the anchoring device while improving the structural stability of the wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, and in particular to an offshore floating wind power generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper. Background Art

[0002] 80% of Europe's offshore wind resources are located in waters over 60m deep where fixed foundations are almost unsuitable. The exploitable capacity is 4,000GW, ranking first in the world. In addition to deeper waters, floating offshore wind power technology can also be used in some seabed geological conditions that are not conducive to fixed foundations. Therefore, the development of floating offshore wind power technology suitable for deeper waters is an inevitable trend in the future.

[0003] At present, there are four main types of floating offshore wind power foundations: barge type, semi-submersible type, single column type and tension leg type. Among them, according to the stress state of the anchor chain, the first three types can be classified as catenary foundations, and the last type is tension foundations.

[0004] The single-column foundation uses a counterweight (ballast) at the bottom of the fixed buoyancy tank to achieve platform stability. The fixed anchor cable is used to prevent the columnar float from moving out of position. With its inherent stable design, it has the characteristics of low risk. However, the single-column foundation can only be installed in areas with a water depth of more than 80 meters and must be divided into several stages. In the actual process, there are also problems such as difficulty in movement and inconvenience in operation. In addition, the traditional wind turbine generator set using a single-column foundation has obvious vibration, and the fatigue strength of the wind turbine and mooring system is high, which poses certain risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and proposes an offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation with a damper. By adopting the design of a single-column foundation with a damper, the structural stability of the wind turbine can be improved and the fatigue strength of the wind turbine and the mooring system can be effectively reduced.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: an offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper, comprising a wind turbine, a single-column foundation, a cable, an anchoring device and a hydraulic damper, wherein the wind turbine is installed on the single-column foundation, the single-column foundation is connected to the underwater anchoring device through a cable, the hydraulic damper is connected to the underwater anchoring device through a cable, the single-column foundation is installed on the hydraulic damper, the single-column foundation is provided with static ballast tanks and dynamic ballast tanks distributed up and down, the static ballast tank is used to provide the main buoyancy for carrying the wind turbine, and it is equipped with a counterweight for lowering the center of gravity of the wind turbine, and the dynamic ballast tank is surrounded by the counterweight, the buoyancy piston and the single-column foundation shell, A compression spring is built in, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the counterweight, and the other end of which is connected to the top of the buoyancy piston. The buoyancy piston is downwardly connected to the damping piston of the hydraulic damper through a piston rod. The compression spring, the buoyancy piston and the damping piston move up or down together with the upward or downward movement of the fan, thereby changing the internal volume of the hydraulic damper. A plurality of one-way valves are arranged on the hydraulic damper. During the change of the internal volume of the hydraulic damper, external water can be injected into the hydraulic damper or the existing water in the hydraulic damper can be discharged through the one-way valve, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the fan damping, which improves the structural stability of the fan while reducing the stress on a portion of the cable and the anchoring device.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydraulic damper is composed of a piston rod, a damping piston, a one-way valve and a cylinder body. One end of the piston rod is connected to the bottom of the buoyancy piston, and the other end is connected to the top of the damping piston. The damping piston is located in the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and its shape and size match the inner cavity. An upper limit plate is provided on the upper part of the cylinder body for limiting the damping piston. The one-way valve is distributed on the damping piston and at the bottom of the cylinder body.

[0008] Furthermore, the one-way valve is composed of a valve body, a spring, a valve core, a filter plate and a flow limiting plate. The spring and the valve core are placed in the valve body and conflict with each other. The filter plate is installed at one port of the valve body, and the flow limiting plate is installed at the other port of the valve body. Among them, the one-way valve installed on the damping piston has the flow limiting plate on the outside of the cylinder body and the filter plate on the inside of the cylinder body, and the one-way valve installed at the bottom of the cylinder body has the filter plate on the outside of the cylinder body and the flow limiting plate on the inside of the cylinder body.

[0009] Furthermore, a cable guide hole for cable connection is provided on the outside of the cylinder body.

[0010] Furthermore, the buoyancy piston is provided with an air intake valve and a water discharge valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic damper adopts a cylindrical design, the buoyancy piston, the piston rod and the damping piston adopt a concentric circle design, and the bottom of the single-column foundation is a truncated cone whose shape and size match the cylinder body of the hydraulic damper.

[0012] Furthermore, a cable guide hole for cable connection is provided on the outside of the single-column foundation.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the single-column foundation, hydraulic damper, cable and anchoring device are all provided with a corrosion-resistant layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the fan is installed on a platform at the top of the single-column foundation.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydraulic damper is installed in an oblique direction through auxiliary equipment to suppress the vertical vibration, horizontal movement and rotation of the fan.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The wind turbine has a liquid damper underwater, which can realize dynamic adjustment of the wind turbine damping and improve the structural stability of the wind turbine. It also reduces the stress on some cables and anchoring devices, thereby reducing the fatigue of the mooring system and increasing its service life. In short, the single-column foundation with a damper can improve the structural stability of the wind turbine while reducing the fatigue of the wind turbine and mooring system, thereby improving the economy of the whole machine.

[0018] 2. The use of a single-column foundation with a damper can reduce the weight and height of the single-column foundation, reduce manufacturing materials, and save the cost of the entire machine.

[0019] 3. The outer surfaces of the single-column foundation, hydraulic damper, cable and anchoring device are all provided with corrosion-resistant layers, which can prevent the damage to the components caused by seawater corrosion and improve the service life and safety of the unit.

[0020] 4. The hydraulic damper can be installed diagonally through auxiliary equipment, which can not only suppress the vertical vibration of the fan, but also suppress horizontal movement and rotation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore floating wind turbine generator set configured with a damper based on a single-column foundation in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the concentric circle design of the buoyancy piston, piston rod and damping piston in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the one-way valve in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment discloses an offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and a damper, comprising a wind turbine 1, a single-column foundation 2, a cable 3, an anchoring device 4 and a hydraulic damper 5, wherein the wind turbine 1 is mounted on a platform 21 on top of the single-column foundation 2, the single-column foundation 2 is mounted on the hydraulic damper 5, the single-column foundation 2 is provided with a cable guide hole 22 for connecting the cable 3 on the outside, and the cylinder body 54 of the hydraulic damper 5 is provided with a cable guide hole 22 for connecting the cable 3 on the outside. The cable 3 is designed with a spring chain or a common chain, one end of which is connected to the anchor device 4 on the seabed, and the other end is respectively connected to the cable hole 22 of the single-column foundation 2 and the cable hole 55 of the hydraulic damper 5; the single-column foundation 2 is built with a static ballast tank 23 and a dynamic ballast tank 24 distributed up and down, the static ballast tank 23 is used to provide the main buoyancy of the wind turbine 1, and it is equipped with a counterweight 25 for lowering the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1, and the dynamic ballast tank 2 4 is surrounded by a counterweight 25, a buoyancy piston 26 and a single-column basic shell 27, and has a built-in compression spring 28. One end of the compression spring 28 is connected to the bottom of the counterweight 25, and the other end is connected to the top of the buoyancy piston 26. The buoyancy piston 26 is downwardly connected to the damping piston 52 of the hydraulic damper 5 through a piston rod 51. The compression spring 28, the buoyancy piston 26 and the damping piston 52 can move up or down together with the upward or downward movement of the wind turbine 1, thereby changing the internal volume of the hydraulic damper 5. A plurality of one-way valves 53 are arranged on the hydraulic damper 5. During the change of the internal volume of the hydraulic damper 5, external water can be injected into the hydraulic damper 5 or the existing water in the hydraulic damper 5 can be discharged through the one-way valves 53, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the wind turbine damping, so that while improving the structural stability of the wind turbine, the force on a part of the cable 3 and the anchor device 4 is also reduced, thereby reducing the fatigue of the mooring system and improving the service life.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hydraulic damper 5 is designed as a cylinder, and the bottom 29 of the single-column foundation 2 is a truncated cone whose shape and size match the cylinder 54 of the hydraulic damper 5 (see Figure 1 ), the buoyancy piston 26, the piston rod 51 and the damping piston 52 are designed in concentric circles (see Figure 2 ), an air intake valve 26a and a water discharge valve 26b are symmetrically provided on the buoyancy piston 26, and eight one-way valves 53 are equidistantly provided at the concentric ring positions of the damping piston 52 and the cylinder body 54, which not only ensures the total water inlet area but also reduces the entry of aquatic organisms.

[0028] The hydraulic damper 5 is composed of a piston rod 51, a damping piston 52, a one-way valve 53 and a cylinder body 54. One end of the piston rod 51 is connected to the bottom of the buoyancy piston 52 by means of a bolt or a boss, and the other end is connected to the top of the damping piston 52 by means of a bolt or a boss. The damping piston 52 is located in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 54, and its shape and size match the inner cavity. An upper limit plate 56 is provided on the upper part of the cylinder body 54 for limiting the damping piston 52. Eight one-way valves 53 are provided at the bottom of the cylinder body 54.

[0029] See also Figure 3 As shown, the one-way valve 53 is composed of a valve body 53a, a spring 53b, a valve core 53c, a filter plate 53d and a flow limiting plate 53e. The spring 53b and the valve core 53c are placed in the valve body 53a and conflict with each other. The filter plate 53d is installed at one end of the valve body 53a to prevent large particles of impurities and aquatic organisms from entering. The flow limiting plate 53e is installed at the other end of the valve body 53a. The flow rate can be changed by replacing the flow limiting plate 53e, and the replacement is convenient. Among them, the one-way valve 53 installed on the damping piston 52 is that the flow limiting plate 53e is on the outside of the cylinder body 54, and the filter plate 53d is on the inside of the cylinder body 54. The one-way valve 53 installed at the bottom of the cylinder body 54 is that the filter plate 53d is on the outside of the cylinder body 54, and the flow limiting plate 53e is on the inside of the cylinder body 54.

[0030] When the fan 1 moves upward, it drives the compression spring 28, the buoyancy piston 26 and the damping piston 52 to move upward, the internal volume of the hydraulic damper 5 increases, and the pressure is less than the external water pressure. Under the action of atmospheric pressure and water pressure, the external water opens the check valve 53 and enters the interior of the hydraulic damper 5 (i.e., the inner cavity of the cylinder); when the speed of the damping piston 52 moving upward decreases to zero, the check valve 53 closes the water inlet. In this process, the hydraulic damper 5 mainly ensures that the external water fully enters and fills the interior of the hydraulic damper 5. In addition to the initial compression of the compression spring 28, the compression spring 28 is further compressed when the piston rod 51 moves upward, so that the mechanical energy of the structural vibration can be converted into liquid kinetic energy and enter the surrounding water, and part of it is converted into elastic potential energy of the compression spring 28 and the cable 3.

[0031] When the fan 1 moves downward, the compressed compression spring 28, buoyancy piston 26 and damping piston 52 move downward, the internal volume of the hydraulic damper 5 decreases, the internal liquid is compressed, the pressure increases, the one-way valve 53 on the damping piston 52 is opened, and the liquid flows out quickly; when the speed of the fan moving downward decreases to zero, the one-way valve 53 closes the water inlet. In this process, the hydraulic damper 5 mainly ensures that the existing external water flows out, and the elastic potential energy of the compression spring 28 and the cable 3 changes.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] What is different from Example 1 is that this embodiment adds auxiliary equipment such as pulleys (not shown in the figure) so that the hydraulic damper can be installed in an oblique direction. This design can not only suppress the vertical vibration of the fan, but also suppress horizontal movement and rotation.

[0034] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all changes made according to the shape and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore floating wind turbine generator set with a damper based on a single-column foundation, comprising a wind turbine, a single-column foundation, a cable and an anchoring device, wherein the wind turbine is installed on the single-column foundation, and the single-column foundation is connected to an underwater anchoring device through a cable; characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic damper, which is connected to an underwater anchoring device through a cable. The single-column foundation is installed on the hydraulic damper. The single-column foundation is equipped with static ballast tanks and dynamic ballast tanks distributed up and down. The static ballast tank is used to provide the main buoyancy for supporting the wind turbine, and is equipped with a counterweight for lowering the center of gravity of the wind turbine. The dynamic ballast tank is surrounded by the counterweight, the buoyancy piston and the single-column foundation shell, and is equipped with a compression spring. One end of the compression spring is connected to the bottom of the counterweight, and the other end is connected to the top of the buoyancy piston. The buoyancy piston is connected to the bottom of the buoyancy piston through the buoyancy piston. The plug rod is connected downward to the damping piston of the hydraulic damper, and the compression spring, buoyancy piston and damping piston move up or down together with the upward or downward movement of the fan, thereby changing the internal volume of the hydraulic damper. A plurality of one-way valves are arranged on the hydraulic damper. During the change of the internal volume of the hydraulic damper, external water can be injected into the hydraulic damper or the existing water in the hydraulic damper can be discharged through the one-way valve, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the fan damping, which improves the structural stability of the fan while reducing the stress on a portion of the cables and anchoring devices.

2. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper consists of a piston rod, a damping piston, a one-way valve and a cylinder body. One end of the piston rod is connected to the bottom of the buoyancy piston, and the other end is connected to the top of the damping piston. The damping piston is located in the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and its shape and size match the inner cavity. An upper limit plate is provided on the upper part of the cylinder body for limiting the damping piston. The one-way valve is distributed on the damping piston and at the bottom of the cylinder body.

3. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way valve is composed of a valve body, a spring, a valve core, a filter plate and a flow limiting plate. The spring and the valve core are placed in the valve body and conflict with each other. The filter plate is installed at one port of the valve body, and the flow limiting plate is installed at the other port of the valve body. Among them, the one-way valve installed on the damping piston has the flow limiting plate on the outside of the cylinder body and the filter plate on the inside of the cylinder body, and the one-way valve installed at the bottom of the cylinder body has the filter plate on the outside of the cylinder body and the flow limiting plate on the inside of the cylinder body.

4. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation with a damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cable guide hole for cable connection is arranged outside the cylinder body.

5. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy piston is provided with an air intake valve and a water discharge valve.

6. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper is designed as a cylinder, the buoyancy piston, the piston rod and the damping piston are designed as concentric circles, and the bottom of the single-column foundation is a truncated cone whose shape and size match the cylinder body of the hydraulic damper.

7. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-column foundation is provided with a cable guide hole on the outside for cable connection.

8. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the single-column foundation, hydraulic damper, cable and anchoring device are all provided with corrosion-resistant layers.

9. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation and equipped with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan is installed on a platform on top of the single-column foundation.

10. The offshore floating wind turbine generator set based on a single-column foundation with a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper is installed obliquely through auxiliary equipment to suppress the vertical vibration, horizontal movement and rotation of the fan.

Images