A kind of asparagus freeze-drying process and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an asparagus freeze-drying process and device, comprising the following steps: A) sorting and washing: selecting fresh asparagus with a tail diameter of less than 0.8-1 cm and washing with water to remove mud and sand; B) cutting: cutting the washed asparagus into sections, wherein the length of the sections is 10-15 cm; C) blanching: blanching the washed asparagus in salt water containing 1%-5% salt, and immediately cooling after the blanching is completed, wherein the blanching temperature is 95-100 DEG C, and the time is 2-4 minutes; D) arranging: arranging the blanched asparagus on a material tray; compared with the prior art, the process can extend the shelf life in a purely natural manner without adding any preservatives, thereby meeting people's year-round demand for asparagus, and the process is evenly dried and has good product quality.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to the technical field of an asparagus freeze-drying process and a device. [Background technology]

[0002] Asparagus is rich in various amino acids, proteins and vitamins, and their contents are higher than those of general fruits and vegetables. In particular, asparagine and trace elements such as selenium, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, etc. in asparagus can regulate the body's metabolism and enhance the body's immunity. It has a strong inhibitory effect and pharmacological effect in the prevention and treatment of hypertension, heart disease, leukemia, blood cancer, edema, cystitis, etc. In recent years, with the enhancement of people's health awareness, the demand for asparagus has increased year by year. However, asparagus is difficult to preserve and difficult to transport over long distances, it is only on the market for about 3 months, which makes it difficult to meet people's year-round demand for it.

[0003] Therefore, a freeze-drying process and device for asparagus are needed to meet people's demand for asparagus all year round. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to provide an asparagus freeze-drying process and device, which can extend the shelf life in a purely natural way without adding any preservatives, meet people's year-round demand for asparagus, and the dried product has good quality.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a freeze-drying process for asparagus, comprising the following steps:

[0006] A) Sorting and cleaning: Select fresh and tender pollution-free asparagus with a tail diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm and a length of less than 20 cm, then wash with water to remove mud and sand;

[0007] B) Cut into sections: Cut the cleaned asparagus into sections with a length of 10 to 15 cm;

[0008] C) blanching: blanching the washed asparagus in salt water containing 1% to 5% salt, and immediately cooling after blanching. The blanching temperature is 95 to 100° C. and the time is 2 to 4 minutes;

[0009] D) Plating: Place the blanched asparagus on a tray;

[0010] E) Freezing: When the temperature in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer reaches -40 to -50°C, place the tray with asparagus in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer, and then close the sealing door. The freezing time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours;

[0011] F) Vacuum drying: under the condition of vacuum degree of 2-5 Pa, it is divided into five stages: the first stage, it takes 7-8 hours to heat from -40-50℃ to 0℃; the second stage, it takes 6-7 hours to heat from 0℃ to 10℃; the third stage, it takes 5-6 hours to heat from 10℃ to 25℃; the fourth stage, it takes 4-5 hours to heat from 25℃ to 47℃; the fifth stage, it takes 3-4 hours to heat from 47℃ to 55℃;

[0012] J) Unloading and packaging: Inject nitrogen or dry air into the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer to break the vacuum, then immediately remove the material and unload it in a closed environment with a relative humidity below 50%, a temperature of 22-25°C, and little dust, and irradiate and sterilize it in the same environment and vacuum package it.

[0013] An asparagus freeze-drying device comprises a vacuum freeze dryer and a tray placing device, wherein the tray placing device is arranged in a drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer, a tray is placed on the tray placing device, the tray comprises a base, a plurality of T-shaped bodies, a push plate, a plurality of insertion rods and a plurality of through holes, the small diameter section of the T-shaped body is fixedly connected to the base, the T-shaped bodies are evenly distributed at the upper end edge of the base, a push plate sleeved on the small diameter section of the T-shaped body is placed at the upper end of the base, the upper end of the base is provided with evenly distributed insertion rods, and the push plate is provided with through holes corresponding to and matching the insertion rods one by one.

[0014] Preferably, handles are provided at both the front and rear ends of the base.

[0015] Preferably, the tray placing device includes two sliding devices, a driving device and a plurality of shelves. Two front and rear sliding devices are provided in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer. A driving device is provided at the upper ends of the two sliding devices. The driving device drives the two sliding devices. Shelves arranged in sequence from top to bottom are provided between the two sliding devices. The sliding device drives the shelf to move when driven by the driving device.

[0016] Preferably, the sliding device includes two overlapping guide rods, a plurality of slides, a connecting rope and a support, a support is provided at the upper ends of the two guide rods, each of the slides can be slidably arranged on the two guide rods, all the slides are fixedly connected together by connecting ropes, and a shelf is provided on the slide.

[0017] Preferably, the driving device includes a worm gear reducer, a rotating shaft and two winding reels. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on two supports. Two front and rear winding reels are arranged on the rotating shaft. The pull ropes on the winding reels are fixedly connected to the corresponding slide seats. One of the supports is provided with a worm gear reducer for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, a rotatable support arm is provided at the upper end of the vacuum freeze dryer, a shaft is provided at the free end of the support arm, a rotatable closing door is provided at the lower end of the shaft, the closing door is used to close the feed port of the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer, a sealing body is provided on the feed port, the vacuum freeze dryer is provided with evenly distributed electromagnets around the feed port, and the closing door is provided with an attracted body corresponding one-to-one to the electromagnets.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the freeze-drying process of the present invention has an obvious effect on ensuring and improving the freeze-drying quality through the coordinated control of the freezing temperature, high vacuum degree and heating temperature, and can also reduce the freeze-drying time, reduce the operating cost and energy consumption; the upper end of the base is provided with evenly distributed plug rods, and the asparagus is inserted on the plug rods for fixing, so that the asparagus is completely exposed in the drying chamber, which can increase the heat exchange area, make the asparagus heat exchange speed faster, and accelerate the freezing speed. The faster the freezing speed, the easier it is to form fine ice crystals. Compared with the prior art, the shelf life can be extended purely and naturally without adding any preservatives, so that people's long-term demand for asparagus can be met, and the drying is uniform and the product quality is good.

[0020] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an asparagus freeze-drying device.

[0022] In the figure: 1-vacuum freeze dryer, 2-tray placing device, 3-tray, 4-support arm, 5-axis body, 6-feeding port, 7-electromagnet, 8-closing door, 9-attractor, 21-sliding device, 22-driving device, 23-shelf, 211-guide rod, 212-sliding seat, 213-connecting rope, 214-support, 221-worm gear reducer, 222-rotating shaft, 223-winding reel, 31-base, 32-T-shaped body, 33-push plate, 34-insertion rod, 35-through hole, 36-handle. [Specific implementation method]

[0023] A freeze-drying process for asparagus comprises the following steps:

[0024] A) Sorting and cleaning: Select fresh and tender pollution-free asparagus with a tail diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm and a length of less than 20 cm, then wash with water to remove mud and sand;

[0025] B) Cut into segments: Cut the cleaned asparagus into diamond-shaped segments for easy freezing and setting. The length of the segments is 10 to 15 cm.

[0026] C) blanching: blanching the washed asparagus in salt water containing 1% to 5% salt, and immediately cooling after blanching. The blanching temperature is 95 to 100° C. and the time is 2 to 4 minutes;

[0027] D) Plating: inserting the asparagus after blanching on the inserting rod 34 of the tray 3;

[0028] E) Freezing: When the temperature in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1 reaches -40 to -50°C, the tray 3 with the asparagus is placed in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1, and then the sealing door 8 is closed. The freezing time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours;

[0029] F) Vacuum drying: under the condition of vacuum degree of 2-5 Pa, it is divided into five stages: the first stage, it takes 7-8 hours to heat from -40-50℃ to 0℃; the second stage, it takes 6-7 hours to heat from 0℃ to 10℃; the third stage, it takes 5-6 hours to heat from 10℃ to 25℃; the fourth stage, it takes 4-5 hours to heat from 25℃ to 47℃; the fifth stage, it takes 3-4 hours to heat from 47℃ to 55℃;

[0030] J) Unloading and packaging: Nitrogen or dry air is injected into the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1 to break the vacuum, and then the materials are immediately removed and unloaded in a closed environment with a relative humidity below 50%, a temperature of 22-25° C., and little dust, and irradiated and sterilized and vacuum packaged in the same environment.

[0031] See also Figure 1The present invention discloses an asparagus freeze-drying device, comprising a vacuum freeze dryer 1 and a tray placing device 2. The drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1 is provided with the tray placing device 2, and a tray 3 is placed on the tray placing device 2. The tray 3 comprises a base 31, a plurality of T-shaped bodies 32, a push plate 33, a plurality of insertion rods 34 and a plurality of through holes 35. The small diameter section of the T-shaped body 32 is fixedly connected to the base 31, and the T-shaped body 32 is evenly distributed at the upper end edge of the base 31. The upper end of the base 31 is provided with a push plate 33 sleeved on the small diameter section of the T-shaped body 32, and the upper end of the base 31 is provided with evenly distributed insertion rods 34. The push plate 33 is provided with through holes 35 corresponding to and cooperating with the insertion rods 34 one by one. The front and rear ends of the base 31 are provided with handles 36. The tray placement device 2 includes two sliding devices 21, a driving device 22 and a plurality of shelf seats 23. The drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1 is provided with two front and rear sliding devices 21. The upper ends of the two sliding devices 21 are provided with a driving device 22. The driving device 22 drives the two sliding devices 21. The shelf seats 23 arranged in sequence from top to bottom are provided between the two sliding devices 21. The sliding device 21 drives the shelf seats 23 to move under the drive of the driving device 22. The driving device 21 includes two overlapping guide rods 211, a plurality of slides 212, a connecting rope 213 and a support 214. The upper ends of the two guide rods 211 are provided with a support 214. Each of the slides 212 can be slidably arranged on the two guide rods 211. All the slides 212 are fixedly connected together by connecting ropes 213. A shelf 23 is provided on the slide 212. The driving device 22 includes a worm gear reducer 221, a rotating shaft 222 and two winding drums 223. The rotating shaft 222 can be rotatably arranged on the two supports 214. The rotating shaft 222 is provided with two front and rear winding drums 223. The pull rope on the winding drum 223 is fixedly connected to the corresponding slide seat 212, and a support seat 214 is provided with a worm gear reducer 221 that drives the rotating shaft 222 to rotate. The upper end of the vacuum freeze dryer 1 is provided with a rotatable support arm 4, and the free end of the support arm 4 is provided with a shaft body 5. The lower end of the shaft body 5 is provided with a rotatable closing door 8, and the closing door 8 is used to close the feed port 6 of the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1. The feed port 6 is provided with a sealing body. The vacuum freeze dryer 1 is provided with evenly distributed electromagnets 7 around the feed port 6, and the closed door 8 is provided with an attracted body 9 corresponding to the electromagnet 7 one by one.

[0032] Working process of the present invention:

[0033] During the operation of the asparagus freeze-drying device of the present invention, the blanched asparagus is inserted into the inserting rod 34 of the material tray 3, and then the material tray 3 with the asparagus is placed into the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer 1.

[0034] When the tray 3 is unloaded, the tray 3 is turned over 90 degrees, and the push plate 33 automatically slides downward under its own weight to push the asparagus off the insertion rod 34.

[0035] The rotating shaft 222 is driven by the worm gear reducer 221 to rotate forward or reversely, and the rotating shaft 222 drives the winding drum 223 to wind the pull rope or release the pull rope, thereby realizing the lifting movement of the slide seat 212, which is convenient for manual placement and removal of the material tray 3.

[0036] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asparagus freeze-drying device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vacuum freeze dryer (1) and a tray placement device (2), wherein a drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1) is provided with the tray placement device (2), a tray (3) is placed on the tray placement device (2), the tray (3) comprises a base (31), a plurality of T-shaped bodies (32), a material pusher plate (33), a plurality of insertion rods (34) and a plurality of through holes (35), a small diameter section of the T-shaped body (32) is fixedly connected to the base (31), the T-shaped body (32) is evenly distributed at the upper edge of the base (31), and a material tray (34) is placed on the upper end of the base (31). The push plate (33) is arranged on the small diameter section of the vacuum freeze dryer (1), the upper end of the base (31) is provided with evenly distributed insertion rods (34), the push plate (33) is provided with through holes (35) corresponding to and matching the insertion rods (34), the tray placement device (2) comprises two sliding devices (21), a driving device (22) and a plurality of shelf seats (23), the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1) is provided with two front and rear sliding devices (21), the upper ends of the two sliding devices (21) are provided with a driving device (22), and the driving device (22) drives the two sliding devices (2 1), a shelf seat (23) arranged in sequence from top to bottom is provided between the two sliding devices (21), the sliding device (21) drives the shelf seat (23) to move under the drive of the driving device (22), the sliding device (21) comprises two overlapping guide rods (211), a plurality of slide seats (212), a connecting rope (213) and a support (214), the upper ends of the two guide rods (211) are provided with a support (214), each of the slide seats (212) can be slidably arranged on the two guide rods (211), and all the slide seats (212) are connected by the connecting rope ( 213) are fixedly connected together, the slide seat (212) is provided with a shelf seat (23), the driving device (22) comprises a worm gear reducer (221), a rotating shaft (222) and two winding drums (223), the rotating shaft (222) is rotatably arranged on two supports (214), the rotating shaft (222) is provided with two front and rear winding drums (223), the pull rope on the winding drum (223) is fixedly connected to the corresponding slide seat (212), and one of the supports (214) is provided with a worm gear reducer (221) for driving the rotating shaft (222) to rotate; The asparagus freeze-drying process includes the following steps: A) Sorting and cleaning: Select fresh and tender pollution-free asparagus with a tail diameter of less than 0.5-1 cm and a length of less than 20 cm, then wash with water to remove mud and sand; B) Cut into sections: Cut the cleaned asparagus into sections with a length of 10-15 cm; C) blanching: blanching the washed asparagus in salt water containing 1% to 5% salt, and immediately cooling after blanching. The blanching temperature is 95 to 100° C. and the time is 2 to 4 minutes. D) Plating: Placing the blanched asparagus on the tray (3); E) Freezing: When the temperature in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1) reaches -40 to -50°C, the material tray (3) with the asparagus is placed in the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1), and then the sealing door is closed. The freezing time is: 2.5 to 3.5 hours; F) Vacuum drying: under the condition of vacuum degree of 2~5 Pa, it is divided into five stages: the first stage, it takes 7~8 hours to heat from -40~-50℃ to 0℃; the second stage, it takes 6~7 hours to heat from 0℃ to 10℃; the third stage, it takes 5~6 hours to heat from 10℃ to 25℃; the fourth stage, it takes 4~5 hours to heat from 25℃ to 47℃; the fifth stage, it takes 3~4 hours to heat from 47℃ to 55℃; J) Unloading and packaging: Nitrogen or dry air is injected into the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1) to break the vacuum, and then the material is immediately removed and unloaded in a closed environment with a relative humidity below 50%, a temperature of 22-25°C, and little dust, and then irradiated and sterilized in the same environment and vacuum packaged.

2. The asparagus freeze-drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Handles (36) are provided at both the front and rear ends of the base (31).

3. An asparagus freeze-drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the vacuum freeze dryer (1) is provided with a rotatable support arm (4), the free end of the support arm (4) is provided with a shaft (5), the lower end of the shaft (5) is provided with a rotatable closed door (8), the closed door (8) is used to close the feed inlet (6) of the drying chamber of the vacuum freeze dryer (1), the feed inlet (6) is provided with a sealing body, the vacuum freeze dryer (1) is provided with electromagnets (7) evenly distributed around the feed inlet (6), and the closed door (8) is provided with an attracted body (9) corresponding to the electromagnets (7) one by one.

Images