A spray adjuvant for mango trees and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spray adjuvant for mango trees and its application. The spray adjuvant for mango trees provided by the present invention is composed of an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient is composed of monooleic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan and monolauric acid polyethylene glycol ester. The active ingredient of the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is a fatty acid lipid surfactant, which can reduce the surface tension of water and liquid medicine, and can reduce the contact angle between the liquid medicine droplets and the leaf surface to achieve maximum coverage; therefore, it has the function of improving the expansion, adhesion and wetting of pesticide spray droplets on the plant leaf surface, so that the pesticide can be more evenly distributed on the mango leaves, thereby improving the efficacy of the pesticide, while reducing the amount of pesticide used and reducing environmental pollution. The spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is suitable for various spray pesticides for mango trees, including insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a spray adjuvant for mango trees in the field of agricultural plant protection and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pesticide adjuvants are a general term for various auxiliary materials used in the processing and application of pesticide formulations. Each adjuvant has a specific function: some dilute the active ingredient; some help disperse the active ingredient evenly throughout the formulation; some prevent droplet aggregation and enlargement; some increase particle wettability, adhesion, or permeability; some prevent the decomposition of active ingredients; and some enhance application safety. In short, pesticide adjuvants improve the physical or chemical properties of pesticides, maximizing their efficacy or facilitating safe application.

[0003] Spray adjuvants are a general term for adjuvants used during spray application. The reason for using spray adjuvants is that current pesticide application technology, especially spray application technology, generally suffers from low effective utilization of pesticides.

[0004] Pesticide formulations often require the addition of spreaders to address the problem of sprayed liquid often failing to adhere to plant foliage or pests. Plants and pests have hydrophobic waxes and filaments on their surfaces, making it difficult for the sprayed liquid to adhere. Spreaders enhance the adhesion and wettability of the sprayed liquid through the interfacial activity of their main ingredients, ensuring a more stable and effective pesticide. To maximize the effectiveness of pesticides, it is crucial to understand their characteristics and application methods. When using functional spreaders, it is also crucial to select the appropriate type, product, and dosage. In particular, it is crucial to use a suitable combination that matches the spreader's function, dosage, pesticide, crop, and environmental conditions.

[0005] Mango is a large evergreen tree in the Anacardiaceae family with leathery leaves. During mango cultivation, it may encounter diseases such as anthracnose, powdery mildew, gummosis, and fruit rot, as well as pests such as short-headed leafhoppers, scale insects, Spodoptera exigua, flower gnats, and leaf-cutting weevils. Therefore, appropriate pesticides are required for pest control. Plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers are also applied during mango cultivation. These pesticides and foliar fertilizers can be applied via spray. Currently, no spray adjuvants suitable for mango trees have been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to significantly reduce the contact angle and surface tension between a pesticide solution or foliar fertilizer droplets and a mango leaf surface, thereby improving the efficacy of the pesticide or fertilizer, reducing the usage of pesticides and foliar fertilizers, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a spray adjuvant for mango trees.

[0008] The spray adjuvant for mango trees provided by the present invention consists of active ingredients (effective ingredients) and auxiliary materials. The active ingredients consist of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate.

[0009] In the above-mentioned spray adjuvant for mango trees, the ratio of polyoxyethylene-20 dehydrated sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate can be determined by those skilled in the art based on the effect of the spray adjuvant for mango trees in improving the medicinal and fertilizer effects of mangoes. For example, the mass ratio of polyoxyethylene-20 dehydrated sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate can be 1:1.

[0010] In the spray adjuvant for mango trees, the mass ratio of the active ingredient to the auxiliary material can be 3:7.

[0011] In the above-mentioned spray adjuvant for mango trees, the auxiliary material may be a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a preservative and / or water.

[0012] In actual production, if the production volume of the spray adjuvant for mango trees is small, defoaming agent is not required. If the production volume of the spray adjuvant for mango trees is large, defoaming agent can be used.

[0013] In actual production, if the mango tree is stored for a short time with spray adjuvants, preservatives can be omitted.

[0014] In the above-mentioned spray adjuvant for mango trees, the auxiliary materials can be composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water.

[0015] In the spray adjuvant for mango trees, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water in the auxiliary materials can be 6:1:1:132.

[0016] The above-mentioned spray adjuvant for mango trees can be prepared according to the following method: the preparation method of the spray adjuvant for mango trees comprises the following steps: polyoxyethylene-20 dehydrated sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water are mixed in the above-mentioned mass ratio and homogenized to obtain the spray adjuvant for mango trees.

[0017] In the above preparation method, the homogenization can be performed by colloid mill homogenization; the gap between the stator and the rotor used in the colloid mill homogenization is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1000-1500 rpm, 1500-2000 rpm or 2000-2500 rpm, and the homogenization time is 3-5 minutes. The homogenized liquid is allowed to stand at below 40°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the spray adjuvant for mango trees.

[0018] The following applications of P1 or P2 also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention:

[0019] Use of P1, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in the preparation of a spray adjuvant for mango trees;

[0020] The invention relates to the use of P2, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in improving the efficacy of a pesticide on mango and / or improving the efficacy of a foliar fertilizer on mango, wherein the pesticide can be applied to mango by spraying.

[0021] In the above P1, the active ingredients of the spray adjuvant for mango trees are polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate.

[0022] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a method for improving the efficacy of a drug on mango and / or improving the fertilizer efficacy of a foliar fertilizer on mango.

[0023] The method for improving the efficacy of a pesticide on mangoes and / or improving the fertilizing effect of a foliar fertilizer on mangoes provided by the present invention comprises preparing the pesticide and / or the foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding the spray adjuvant for mango trees into the spray liquid so that the mass content of the spray adjuvant for mango trees is 0.12 / 1000-1.1 / 1000 (e.g., 1 / 3000-0.36 / 1000) to obtain a spray liquid containing the spray adjuvant for mango trees, and spraying the spray liquid containing the spray adjuvant for mango trees to mangoes to improve the efficacy of the pesticide on mangoes and / or improve the fertilizing effect of the foliar fertilizer on mangoes; the pesticide is a pesticide that can be applied to mangoes by spraying.

[0024] In the above method, the agent may be a fungicide, an insecticide and / or a plant growth regulator.

[0025] The spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is also a spreading agent for mangoes and is a non-ionic adjuvant.

[0026] The active ingredient of the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is a fatty acid lipid surfactant, which can reduce the surface tension of water and the liquid medicine, and can reduce the contact angle between the liquid medicine droplets and the leaf surface, achieving maximum coverage. Therefore, it has the functions of improving the expansion, adhesion and wetting of the pesticide spray droplets on the plant leaf surface, so that the pesticide can be more evenly distributed on the mango leaves, thereby improving the pesticide efficacy, while reducing the amount of pesticide used and reducing environmental pollution. The spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is suitable for various spray pesticides for mango trees, including insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers, etc. Experiments have shown that the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention can significantly reduce the contact angle and surface tension between the liquid medicine or foliar fertilizer droplets and the mango leaf surface, thereby improving the efficacy of the medicine or fertilizer, reducing the amount of pesticide and foliar fertilizer used, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0027] The present invention was funded by the National Key R&D Program "Mechanism and Regulation of Efficient Target Delivery and Deposition of Chemical Pesticides" (Project No.: 2017YFD0200300) and the special funds for basic scientific research business expenses of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (1630042017018). It is a spray adjuvant developed to improve the adhesion, spread and wetting of droplets of sprayed mango tree pest control agents on leaves. The spray adjuvant can be added to the diluted agent for spraying application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is the appearance of a spray adjuvant for di-fatty acid ester mango trees. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The examples provided are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The examples provided below can serve as a guide for further improvements by those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0030] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0031] The polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate used in the following examples is a product of Kao (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., catalog number RHEODOL TW-O120V, CAS: 9005-65-6, with a purity of 100%. Its Gardner color is 5, pH 6.9, acid value 0.54 mgKOH / g, saponification value 48.9 mgKOH / g, hydroxyl value 69.3 mgKOH / g, water content 2.8%, viscosity (25°C) 435 mPa·s, and residue on ignition 0.04%.

[0032] The polyethylene glycol monolaurate in the following examples is a product of Kao (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., with catalog number EMANON 1112, CAS: 9004-81-3, Color (APHA) 25, Acid Value 0.28 mg KOH / g, Ester Value 87.5 mg KOH / g, Loss on Drying 0.01%, and Residue on Ignition 0.00%.

[0033] The sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in the following examples is a product of Shanghai Kao Chemical Co., Ltd., with the catalog number NEOPELEX G-30, Chemical Abstracts Service registration number: 69669-44-9, and a content of 30.4%.

[0034] The dimethyl silicone oil in the following examples is a product of Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Co., Ltd., CAS: 63148-62-9, with a viscosity of 100±8 Pa.s.

[0035] The formaldehyde aqueous solution in the following examples is a product of Chengdu Aikoda Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., CAS: 50-00-0, with a content of 40%.

[0036] Example 1: Preparation of a spray adjuvant for mango trees

[0037] The inventors of the present invention selected polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate from a large number of existing fatty acid ester substances as the active ingredients of a spray adjuvant for mango trees, and then added auxiliary materials (such as a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, a preservative and water) to produce a spray adjuvant for mango trees that can significantly reduce the contact angle between droplets and mango leaves (the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention).

[0038] 1. Mango tree spray adjuvant of the present invention

[0039] The present invention discloses a mango spray adjuvant, designated as a difatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant, comprising an active ingredient and an excipient in a mass ratio of 3:7. The active ingredient comprises polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in a mass ratio of 1:1. The excipient comprises sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethicone, formaldehyde, and water in a mass ratio of 6:1:1:1:132.

[0040] The preparation method of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is as follows: 150g of polyoxyethylene-20 dehydrated sorbitan monooleate and 150g of polyethylene glycol monolaurate are added to 652.5g of water, and 30g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 5g of dimethyl silicone oil, and 12.5g of formaldehyde aqueous solution (the mass content of formaldehyde is 40%) are added, and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is injected into a colloid mill and homogenized under the following conditions to obtain a homogenous solution: the gap between the stator and the rotor of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1000 rpm, and the homogenization time is 3-5 minutes. The homogenous solution is allowed to stand at 40°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees. The difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is a light yellow liquid with a viscosity of 192.6mPa.s ( Figure 1 ).

[0041] Distilled water was added to 1.1 g of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g, thereby obtaining a 1.1 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (numbered M13).

[0042] Distilled water was added to 0.36 g of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g, to obtain a 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (numbered N13).

[0043] Distilled water was added to 0.12 g of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g, to obtain a 0.12 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (No. O13).

[0044] 2. Control mango trees with spray adjuvant

[0045] The mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvants for mango trees tested in the screening experiment are listed below. The mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is composed of an active ingredient and an excipient, and the mass ratio of the active ingredient to the excipient is 3:7. Its excipients are the same as those of the di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention, both of which are composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethicone, formaldehyde and water. Among the excipients, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethicone, formaldehyde and water is 6:1:1:132. The difference between the mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees and the di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention is only the different active ingredients. The active ingredient of the mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is polyoxyethylene-20 dehydrated sorbitan monooleate.

[0046] The preparation method of a monofatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is as follows: 300g of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate is added to 652.5g of water, and 30g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 5g of dimethyl silicone oil, and 12.5g of a formaldehyde solution (having a formaldehyde content of 40%) are added thereto, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is injected into a colloid mill and homogenized under the following conditions: a gap between the stator and rotor of the colloid mill is 2 microns, a rotor linear speed is 1000 rpm, and a homogenization time is 3-5 minutes to obtain a homogenized solution; the homogenized solution is allowed to stand at 40°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the monofatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees.

[0047] Distilled water was added to 1.1 g of the mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant 1 for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g to obtain a 1.1 / 1000 mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (numbered Y1).

[0048] Distilled water was added to 0.36 g of the mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g, to obtain a 0.36 / 1000 mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (numbered Y2).

[0049] 3. The contact angle of the spray adjuvant for di-fatty acid ester mango trees on mango leaves is significantly smaller than that of the spray adjuvant for mono-fatty acid ester mango trees

[0050] The spreading, adhesion and wetting functions of the spray adjuvant for mango trees were evaluated by contact angle. The contact angle meter was used to measure the following method: leaves of the mango tree Jinhuangmang with a leaf age of one month and as uniform as possible were selected, randomly mixed, and randomly divided into 12 groups, with 6 leaves in each group: distilled water sprayed on the front of the leaves, distilled water sprayed on the back of the leaves, 1.1 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant solution sprayed on the front of the leaves, 1.1 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant solution sprayed on the back of the leaves, 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant solution sprayed on the front of the leaves, 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant solution sprayed on the back of the leaves The treatments were sprayed on the back of the leaves with the solution, sprayed on the front of the leaves with a 0.12 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution, sprayed on the back of the leaves with a 0.12 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution, sprayed on the front of the leaves with a 1.1 / 1000 monofatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution, sprayed on the back of the leaves with a 1.1 / 1000 monofatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution, sprayed on the front of the leaves with a 0.36 / 1000 monofatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution, and sprayed on the back of the leaves with a 0.36 / 1000 monofatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant solution. The procedures for each treatment were identical except for the difference in the liquid sprayed on the leaves.

[0051] Six fresh mango leaves were placed on glass slides in each group, with three leaves facing up and three facing down. The slides were then placed on a contact angle meter (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai Zhongchen Digital Technology Equipment Co., Ltd.). A sampler was used to dispense the test solution and place it on the instrument. Two microliters of the solution was dripped onto the front and back of the mango leaves. The contact angle values of the solution on the mango leaves were measured using the contact angle meter after 15 minutes. The measurements were repeated three times for each solution, and the average values were calculated. The test solutions included distilled water, a 1.1 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, a 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, a 0.12 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, a 1.1 / 1000 monofatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, and a 0.36 / 1000 monofatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees.

[0052] The results showed that at the same dilution, the contact angles of the di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees with both the front and back surfaces of leaves were significantly smaller than those of the mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees. For example, the contact angle of leaves sprayed with 0.36 / 1000 di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees was 27.63 degrees smaller than the contact angle of leaves sprayed with 1.1 / 1000 mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees with the front surface (50.55-22.92=27.63); and the contact angle of leaves sprayed with 0.36 / 1000 di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees with the back surface was 38.30 degrees smaller than the contact angle of leaves sprayed with 0.36 / 1000 mono-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees with the back surface (64.54-26.24=38.30) (Tables 1 and 2).

[0053] Table 1. Changes in contact angles of di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvants for mango trees at different dilution concentrations on mango leaves

[0054]

[0055] Table 2. Changes in contact angles of spray adjuvant 1 for mango trees at different dilution concentrations of monofatty acid ester on mango leaves

[0056]

[0057] 4. Effect of spray adjuvant for di-fatty acid ester mango trees on the spread of different pesticides

[0058] The following uses ethyl spinetoram (fungicide, Dow AgroSciences, USA), pyraclostrobin (fungicide, BASF Plant Protection (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd.), and gibberellic acid (plant growth regulator, Shanghai Tongrui Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) as examples to illustrate the effect of di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvants for mango trees on the spread of different agents. The names, specifications, dosage forms and dilution multiples of the tested agents are shown in Table 3. The drug solution numbers in Table 3 represent the drug solutions for spraying leaves, which are liquids obtained by diluting the corresponding dosage form of the drug with distilled water to the corresponding dilution multiple (mass multiple). For example, A①3 represents the drug solution obtained by diluting the ethyl spinetoram suspension concentrate with distilled water 1000 times by mass, referred to as the ethyl spinetoram suspension concentrate 1000 times dilution; A②3 represents the drug solution obtained by diluting the ethyl spinetoram suspension concentrate with distilled water 2000 times by mass, referred to as the ethyl spinetoram suspension concentrate 2000 times dilution; B①3 represents The solution obtained by diluting pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times by mass with distilled water is referred to as 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate; B②3 represents the solution obtained by diluting pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times by mass with distilled water, referred to as 2000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate; C①3 represents the solution obtained by diluting gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times by mass with distilled water, referred to as 1000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate; C②3 represents the solution obtained by diluting gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate 4000 times by mass with distilled water, referred to as 4000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate.

[0059] Adding a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to a 1000-fold dilution of the spinetoram suspension to adjust the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named spinetoram suspension 1000-fold dilution + spray adjuvant, and is numbered as A①N; adding a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to a 2000-fold dilution of the spinetoram suspension to adjust the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named spinetoram suspension 2000-fold dilution + spray adjuvant, and is numbered as A②N; adding a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to a 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate to adjust the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-fold dilution + spray adjuvant, The method is numbered as B1N; a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is added to a 2000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate so that the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named as a 2000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant, and the method is numbered as B2N; a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is added to a 1000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate so that the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named as a 1000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant, and the method is numbered as C1N; a difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is added to a 4000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate so that the content of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees is 0.36 / 1000, and the resulting liquid is named as a 4000-fold dilution of gibberelic acid emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant, and the method is numbered as C2N.

[0060] Table 3. Drug solution

[0061]

[0062] In Table 4, the liquid numbered CK is distilled water; the liquid numbered N13 is a 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees obtained by adding distilled water to 0.36 g of difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees to make the solution mass 1000 g.

[0063] The spreading effect of the di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees on different pesticides was evaluated by contact angle and surface tension. The contact angle was measured using a contact angle meter (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai Zhongchen Digital Technology Equipment Co., Ltd.) in the following manner: leaves of the mango tree Jinhuangmang with a leaf age of one month and as uniform as possible in size were selected, randomly mixed, and randomly divided into 14 groups, with 6 leaves in each group: a group treated by spraying the front of the leaves with distilled water (test number 1 in Table 5, the front of the leaves were sprayed with liquid numbered CK) and a group treated by spraying the back of the leaves with distilled water (test number 1 in Table 5, the back of the leaves were sprayed with liquid numbered CK), a group treated by spraying the front of the leaves with 0.36 / 1000 di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant solution for mango trees (numbered N13) (test number 2 in Table 5, The treatment groups were sprayed with the liquid No. N13 on the front of the leaves), 0.36 / 1000 difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant solution on the back of the leaves (test No. 2 in Table 5, the liquid No. N13 was sprayed on the back of the leaves), 1000-fold diluted solution of ethyl spinetoram suspension was sprayed on the front of the leaves (test No. 3 in Table 5, the liquid No. A①3 was sprayed on the front of the leaves), 1000-fold diluted solution of ethyl spinetoram suspension was sprayed on the back of the leaves (test No. 3 in Table 5, the liquid No. A①3 was sprayed on the back of the leaves), 2000-fold diluted solution of ethyl spinetoram suspension was sprayed on the front of the leaves (test No. 4 in Table 5, the liquid No. The group treated with the liquid sprayed with the number A②3), the group treated with the 2000-fold dilution of ethyl spinetoram suspension on the back of the leaves (the test number in Table 5 is 4, and the liquid number A②3 was sprayed on the back of the leaves), the group treated with the 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate on the front of the leaves (the test number in Table 5 is 5, and the liquid number B①3 was sprayed on the front of the leaves), the group treated with the 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate on the back of the leaves (the test number in Table 5 is 5, and the liquid number B①3 was sprayed on the back of the leaves), the group treated with the 2000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate on the front of the leaves (the test number in Table 5 is 6, and the liquid number B②3 was sprayed on the front of the leaves), the group treated with the 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate on the back of the leaves The treatment groups were sprayed with the back of leaves with a 2000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate (test number 6 in Table 5, the back of leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered B②3), the treatment groups were sprayed with the front of leaves with a 1000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate (test number 7 in Table 5, the front of leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered C①3), the treatment groups were sprayed with the back of leaves with a 1000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate (test number 7 in Table 5, the back of leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered C①3), the treatment groups were sprayed with the front of leaves with a 4000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate (test number 8 in Table 5, the front of leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered C②3), the treatment groups were sprayed with the back of leaves with a 4000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate (test number 8 in Table 5,The back of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered C②3), 1000-fold dilution of ethyl spinetoram suspension + spray adjuvant for spraying on the front of the leaves (test number 9 in Table 5, the front of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered A①N), 1000-fold dilution of ethyl spinetoram suspension + spray adjuvant for spraying on the back of the leaves (test number 9 in Table 5, the back of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered A①N), 2000-fold dilution of ethyl spinetoram suspension + spray adjuvant for spraying on the front of the leaves (test number 10 in Table 5, The front of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered A②N), 2000-fold dilution of ethyl spinetoram suspension + spray adjuvant was sprayed on the back of the leaves (test number 10 in Table 5, the back of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered A②N), 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant was sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 11 in Table 5, the front of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered B①N), 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant was sprayed on the back of the leaves (test number 11 in Table 5, the front of the leaves were sprayed with the liquid numbered B①N), The back of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ① N), the front of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ② N in the test number 12 in Table 5), the back of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ② N in the test number 12 in Table 5), the back of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ② N in the test number 12 in Table 5), the back of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ② N in the test number 13 in Table 5), the front of the leaf was sprayed with the liquid No. B ② N in the test number 13 in Table 5. The treatment groups were sprayed with the following: 1) a 1000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate + a spray adjuvant on the back of the leaves (test number 16 in Table 5, the liquid numbered C ① N was sprayed on the back of the leaves); 2) a 4000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate + a spray adjuvant on the front of the leaves (test number 14 in Table 5, the liquid numbered C ② N was sprayed on the front of the leaves); and 3) a 4000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate + a spray adjuvant on the back of the leaves (test number 14 in Table 5, the liquid numbered C ② N was sprayed on the back of the leaves). The treatment groups were identical except for the different liquids sprayed on the leaves.

[0064] Six fresh mango leaves were placed on glass slides in each group, with three leaves facing up and three facing down. The slides were then placed on a contact angle meter (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai Zhongchen Digital Technology Equipment Co., Ltd.). A sampler was used to dispense the test solution and place it on the instrument. Two microliters of the solution were dripped onto the front and back of the mango leaves. The contact angles of the solutions were measured using the contact angle meter after 15 minutes. The measurements were repeated three times for each solution, and the average values were calculated. The test solutions included 14 liquids: CK, N13, A13, A23, B13, B23, C13, C23, A1N, A2N, B1N, B2N, C1N, and C2N.

[0065] The surface tension of the following 14 liquids was measured using a fully automatic tensiometer (model JK99F, manufactured by Shanghai Zhongchen Digital Technology Equipment Co., Ltd.) using the platinum plate method: CK, N13, A①3, A②3, B①3, B②3, C①3, C②3, A①N, A②N, B①N, B②N, C①N, and C②N. The fully automatic tensiometer required weight calibration before the experiment, and the platinum plate was cleaned and calcined for each sample.

[0066] The results show that the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention - the spray adjuvant for mango trees of difatty acid ester can significantly reduce the contact angle of the spray liquid of ethyl spinetoram (fungicide), pyraclostrobin (fungicide) and gibberellic acid (plant growth regulator) with mango leaves. For example, the contact angle of the ethyl spinetoram suspension 1000 times diluted liquid + spray adjuvant sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 9 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves with spray number A①N) is 1.11 degrees, and the contact angle of the ethyl spinetoram suspension 1000 times diluted liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 3 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves with spray number A①3) is 0. The contact angle of the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention was 28.23 degrees, and the contact angle of the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention with the medicinal liquid on the front of mango leaves was reduced by 96.1% ((28.23-1.11) / 28.23=96.1%); the contact angle of the spinetoram suspension 1000-fold diluted solution + spray adjuvant sprayed on the back of leaves treated group (test number 9 in Table 5, the back of leaves sprayed with the liquid numbered A①N) was 18.41 degrees, and the contact angle of the spinetoram suspension 1000-fold diluted solution sprayed on the back of leaves treated group (test number 3 in Table 5, the back of leaves sprayed with the liquid numbered A①3) was 27.43 degrees. The contact angle between the drug solution and the back of the mango leaf was reduced by 32.9% ((27.43-18.41) / 27.43=32.9%); the contact angle of the group treated with the 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 11 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves with the spray number B1N) was 2.61 degrees, and the contact angle of the group treated with the 1000-fold dilution of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 5 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves with the spray number B13) was 27.24 degrees. The spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention reduced the contact angle between the drug solution and the front of the mango leaf by 90.4 % ((27.24-2.61) / 27.24=90.4%); the contact angle of the group treated with 1000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate + spray adjuvant sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 13 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves was sprayed with the liquid numbered C1N) was 17.45 degrees, and the contact angle of the group treated with 1000-fold dilution of gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate sprayed on the front of the leaves (test number 7 in Table 5, the liquid sprayed on the front of the leaves was sprayed with the liquid numbered C13) was 26.56 degrees. The spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention reduces the contact angle between the medicinal liquid and the front of the mango leaves by 34.3% (26.56-17.45) / 26.56=34.3%).

[0067] The results show that the surface tension of each agent is smaller than that of distilled water, that is, the spreading effect of the droplets of each agent on plant leaves is better than that of distilled water; as the dilution ratio of each agent increases, the surface tension of the liquid medicine also increases slightly; the surface tension of the liquid medicine of different concentrations of the same agent and between different agents is also different and has a large difference, that is, the spreading of droplets of different concentrations of the same agent and droplets of different agents on plant leaves is different; the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention has the effect of reducing the surface tension of pesticide droplets, indicating that the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention accelerates the spreading speed of pesticide droplets on plant leaves after being compounded with pesticides.

[0068] Table 4. Contact angles and surface tensions of various liquids tested

[0069]

[0070] Example 2: The present invention's spray adjuvant for mango trees—bis-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees improves the efficacy of pesticides on mangoes

[0071] A field trial was conducted in a mango orchard in Yacheng Town, Sanya City, Hainan Province. Twelve mango trees, all over 10 years old, were selected. Four treatments were set up: a group without spray adjuvant at a normal concentration (recommended concentration), a group with spray adjuvant at a normal concentration (N13 + recommended concentration), a group without spray adjuvant at a concentration twice the normal concentration (2 times the recommended concentration), and a blank control. Each treatment consisted of three mango trees. All four treatments were identical except for the spray solution. On August 3rd, the control group (no spray adjuvant, normal concentration) was sprayed with a 400-fold dilution of 60g / L spinetoram (Alox) per tree. The control group (normal concentration) was sprayed with a 400-fold dilution of 60g / L spinetoram (Alox) plus a spray adjuvant. The control group (double normal concentration) was sprayed with a 200-fold dilution of 60g / L spinetoram (Alox) per tree. No spray adjuvant was used. On August 6th, the number of thrips on each mango tree was investigated. The thrips survey method involved selecting a cluster of young branches from three directions of each tree and the top five leaves of each cluster. The number of thrips on each leaf was then counted.

[0072] Among them, the 400-fold dilution of 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram (Alus) is a liquid obtained by diluting 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram 400 times with distilled water according to mass; the 400-fold dilution of 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram (Alus) + spray adjuvant is a liquid obtained by adding the difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant of Example 1 to the 400-fold dilution of 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram so that the mass content of the difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant is 1 / 1000; the 200-fold dilution of 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram (Alus) is a liquid obtained by diluting 60 g / L ethyl spinetoram 200 times with distilled water according to mass; the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0073] Table 5. Synergistic effect of di-fatty acid ester spray adjuvants for mango trees in controlling thrips in mango trees

[0074]

[0075] Note: Data in the same column without the same lowercase letters are significantly different (P<0.05), and data without the same uppercase letters are extremely significantly different (P<0.01).

[0076] The experimental results showed that the average control efficacy against thrips in the normal concentration group without the spray adjuvant was 75.77%, while the average control efficacy in the normal concentration group with the spray adjuvant was 85.64%. The average control efficacy against thrips in the double concentration group without the spray adjuvant was 93.30%. This indicates that adding a difatty acid ester mango spray adjuvant at a dosage of 1 / 1000 to the normal application solution can significantly improve the control efficacy of the insecticide against mango pests (thrips) (Table 6).

[0077] Example 3: The present invention's spray adjuvant for mango trees—bis-fatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees improves the efficacy of pesticides on mangoes

[0078] Experimental location: The field experiment was conducted in the mango orchard in Yacheng Town, Sanya City, Hainan Province.

[0079] Experimental fruit trees: A total of 15 mango trees were selected, all of which were over 10 years old.

[0080] The pesticides used are: emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and the spray adjuvant for mango trees of the present invention.

[0081] Experimental Methods: Five treatments were conducted, each with three mango trees. The treatment groups were: normal concentration, 15% pesticide reduction + N13, 25% pesticide reduction + N13, 35% pesticide reduction + N13, and 50% pesticide reduction + N13. Three mango trees were treated in each treatment. All five treatments were identical except for the spraying solution. The normal concentration group was sprayed with the recommended concentration of emamectin benzoate; the 15% pesticide reduction + N13 group was sprayed with a 15% pesticide reduction + N13 solution; the 25% pesticide reduction + N13 group was sprayed with a 25% pesticide reduction + N13 solution; the 35% pesticide reduction + N13 group was sprayed with a 35% pesticide reduction + N13 solution; and the 50% pesticide reduction + N13 group was sprayed with a 50% pesticide reduction + N13 solution. Wherein, the recommended concentration solution of emamectin benzoate is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water to 5mL emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and settling the volume to 3L with distilled water; the 15% pesticide + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1 gram of the difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant of Example 1 to 4.25mL emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and settling the volume to 3L with distilled water; the 25% pesticide + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1 gram of the difatty acid ester mango tree spray adjuvant of Example 1 to 3.75mL emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion). The difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees of Example 1 is a liquid obtained by diluting the volume to 3 L with distilled water; the 35% pesticide minus + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1 gram of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees of Example 1 to 3.25 mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion), and diluting the volume to 3 L with distilled water; the 50% pesticide minus + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1 gram of the difatty acid ester spray adjuvant for mango trees of Example 1 to 2.5 mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion), and diluting the volume to 3 L with distilled water.

[0082] The first application of pesticide was carried out on December 19, 2018, with 500 mL of pesticide solution applied to each mango tree. The number of thrips in the flower clusters of each mango tree was investigated on December 20, 2018 (the first day after the first application) and December 22, 2018 (the third day after the first application). The second application of pesticide was carried out on December 22, 2018, with 500 mL of pesticide solution applied to each mango tree. The number of thrips in the flower clusters of each mango tree was investigated on December 23, 2018 (the first day after the second application) and December 25, 2018 (the third day after the second application).

[0083] Investigation method: A cluster of mango flowers was selected from three directions of each mango tree and patted three times on a piece of white paper. The number of thrips on the white paper was counted and the control effect was calculated (see Tables 6-10). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the control effect between the first day of applying the pesticide once and the first day of applying the pesticide twice. On the third day of applying the pesticide once, the thrip control effect of the 15% pesticide reduction + N13 group, the 25% pesticide reduction + N13 group, and the 35% pesticide reduction + N13 group was significantly higher than that of the normal concentration group. On the third day of applying the pesticide twice, the thrip control effect of the 15% pesticide reduction + N13 group and the 25% pesticide reduction + N13 group was significantly higher than that of the normal concentration group, but still reached more than 85%. The mango tree spray adjuvant of the present invention can reduce the application amount of emamectin benzoate by 15%-25%. This shows that the mango tree spray adjuvant of the present invention significantly improves the efficacy of the drug, reduces the amount of pesticide used, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0084] Table 6. Thrips control effect of each treatment on the first day after one application

[0085]

[0086] Note: There are significant differences among treatment groups without the same lowercase letters (P<0.05).

[0087] Table 7. Thrips control effect of each treatment on the third day after the first application

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Note: There are significant differences among treatment groups without the same lowercase letters (P<0.05).

[0091] Table 8. Thrips control effect of each treatment on the first day of the second application

[0092]

[0093] Note: There are significant differences among treatment groups without the same lowercase letters (P<0.05).

[0094] Table 9. Thrips control effect of each treatment on the third day after the second application

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Note: There are significant differences among treatment groups without the same lowercase letters (P<0.05).

[0098] Table 10. Control effect of each treatment on thrips

[0099]

[0100] Note: There are significant differences among treatment groups without the same lowercase letters (P<0.05).

[0101] The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced over a wide range of parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and without unnecessary experimentation. Although specific embodiments have been given herein, it should be understood that further modifications may be made to the present invention. In summary, this application is intended to encompass any variations, uses, or improvements to the present invention, including those made by conventional techniques known in the art that depart from the scope of the present invention. Applications of the essential features may be made within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. A spray adjuvant for mango trees, comprising an active ingredient and adjuvants, wherein the active ingredient comprises polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate; In the active ingredient, the mass ratio of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate to polyethylene glycol monolaurate is 1:1; The mass ratio of the active ingredient to the excipient is 3:7; The auxiliary materials are composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water; Among the auxiliary materials, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water is 6:1:1:

132.

2. The spray adjuvant for mango trees according to claim 1, wherein: The spray adjuvant for mango trees is prepared according to the following method, which comprises the following steps: mixing polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water and homogenizing them to obtain the spray adjuvant for mango trees according to claim 1.

3. A method for preparing the spray adjuvant for mango trees according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of: mixing polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water and homogenizing the mixture to obtain the spray adjuvant for mango trees according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A method for improving the efficacy of a pharmaceutical agent on mangoes and / or improving the efficacy of a foliar fertilizer on mangoes, characterized in that: The method comprises preparing a pesticide and / or foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding the spray adjuvant for mango trees according to claim 1 or 2 to the spray liquid so that the mass content of the spray adjuvant for mango trees is 0.12 / 1000-1.1 / 1000, thereby obtaining a spray liquid containing the spray adjuvant for mango trees, and spraying the spray liquid containing the spray adjuvant for mango trees to mangoes, so as to improve the efficacy of the pesticide on mangoes and / or improve the fertilizer efficacy of the foliar fertilizer on mangoes; the pesticide is an agent that can be applied to mangoes by spraying.

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