A granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for uniformly discharging granular and powdered solids. The discharging device includes a storage bin and a discharger. The cross-section of the storage bin is rectangular. The discharger is located below the storage bin and reciprocates relative to the storage bin for quantitatively discharging the materials in the storage bin from the discharger. The discharger includes multiple levels of stepped plates, and a discharging space is formed between two adjacent stepped plates. When the discharger reciprocates, the materials are discharged from the storage bin through the discharging space. When the discharging device is discharging, the discharger reciprocates, and the displacement amount of each reciprocating movement of the discharger is constant, ensuring that the amount of materials discharged each time from the discharging space is quantitative. In the present invention, the materials are pushed out of the storage bin through the reciprocating movement of the discharger, so that the materials do not fall by gravity flow, avoiding the flow of the materials and ensuring that the materials will not show particle size segregation due to their own flow reasons when being unloaded. The discharging device can discharge materials uniformly and quantitatively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of discharging devices, and particularly relates to a device for uniformly discharging granular and powdery solids. Background Art

[0002] Granular and powdery solids have a certain fluidity. When granular and powdery solids are piled up together and are at the critical state of flowing and static at a certain angle, this angle is called the angle of repose (for different objects and different particle sizes, the angle of repose is different).

[0003] Current discharging devices usually set a funnel at the bottom of a container. As shown in the attached Figure 3 funnel, the materials in the container are concentrated at the small opening of the funnel through the funnel for discharging. For the discharging of granular and powdery solids without special requirements (such as sand, lime powder, etc.), a knife gate valve, a rotary air lock valve, etc. can be used for discharging. There are also other methods to make the materials at the bottom (small opening) of the funnel discharge basically evenly. However, when using a funnel for discharging, the materials flow downward from the funnel. During the flowing process of the materials, the coarse and fine particles in the materials are separated, resulting in the phenomenon of particle size segregation, that is, the funnel has the problem of particle size segregation (i.e., the phenomenon that the coarse and fine particles in the loose materials are separated and aggregated respectively), and it cannot fully ensure that the materials above the funnel can fall evenly.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to address the above deficiencies of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for uniformly discharging granular and powdery solids, so as to at least solve the problems such as particle size segregation of materials caused by current funnel discharging.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for uniformly discharging granular and powdery solids, the discharging device includes a silo and a discharger. The discharger is located below the silo, and the discharger reciprocates relative to the silo for quantitatively discharging the materials in the silo from the discharger;

[0008] The discharger includes multiple levels of stepped plates, and a discharging space is formed between two adjacent stepped plates. When the discharger reciprocates, the materials are discharged from the discharging space out of the silo;

[0009] The stepped plate is an M-level stepped plate, and M - 1 discharging spaces are formed in the M-level stepped plate, where M is greater than or equal to 2 and M is a positive integer.

[0010] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, at least one partition board is arranged in the silo, the partition board divides the silo into a plurality of storage spaces, and the stepped plates on both sides of the partition board are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, the silo comprises N silo units, one silo unit comprises two storage spaces, and there are 2N - 1 partition boards, where N is a positive integer;

[0012] Both sides of the silo unit are respectively a partition board or the side wall of the silo, and the bottoms of the partition boards on both sides of the silo unit are in the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the side wall of the silo;

[0013] One partition board is arranged in the middle of the silo unit, and the bottom of the partition board in the middle of the silo unit is lower than the bottom of the side wall of the silo.

[0014] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, stepped plates are arranged between adjacent partition boards or between a partition board and the side wall of the silo.

[0015] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, there is a shared stepped plate among two adjacent M - level stepped plates.

[0016] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, the length of the overlapping part between two adjacent stepped plates is L, the height difference between two adjacent stepped plates is H, and the angle of repose of the material is a. The relationship between L and H conforms to the formula: H / L ≤ tan(a).

[0017] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, the cross - section of the silo is rectangular.

[0018] The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device as described above, preferably, the height of the partition board is higher than the height of the material in the silo.

[0019] Compared with the closest prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following excellent effects:

[0020] 1. In the discharging device, the discharger makes the material in the silo directly vertically discharged through reciprocating motion, without passing through a funnel, and no particle size segregation will occur, ensuring uniform material discharging.

[0021] 2. The displacement value of the reciprocating motion of the stepped plate in the discharger is fixed, which ensures that the amount of material discharged from the discharging space each time the discharger reciprocates is a fixed quantity. Thus, the total amount of discharged material can be calculated by the number of reciprocating motions of the discharger.

[0022] 3. In the discharging device of the present invention, a discharging space is formed between two adjacent partitions in the discharger. This discharging space can be used for discharging materials and also for air to enter the silo to balance the air pressure in the silo, meeting the working conditions where materials need to be evenly discharged and need to be in uniform reverse contact with gas. That is to say, the discharging device in this application itself has the function of evenly distributing gas, so there is no need to set up a gas equalizing device.

[0023] 4. In the present invention, a discharger with a stepped plate structure is used to replace the traditional funnel, reducing the overall height of the discharging device and being beneficial to cost savings.

[0024] 5. The discharging device of the present invention is applicable to the working conditions where materials need to fall evenly and need to be in uniform reverse contact with gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the discharger at the leftmost end in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the discharger at the rightmost end in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1, silo; 2, discharger; 3, first partition; 4, second partition; 5, third partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The terms "connected" and "coupled" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0032] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the present invention provides a granular and powdered solid uniform discharging device, which can not only achieve uniform discharging, but also ensure reverse and uniform contact between gas and solid (material). The discharging device includes a storage bin 1 and a discharger 2. The cross-section of the storage bin 1 is rectangular; the discharger 2 is located below the storage bin 1 and reciprocates relative to the storage bin 1 for quantitatively discharging the material in the storage bin 1 from the discharger 2; the discharger 2 includes multiple levels of stepped plates, and a discharging space is formed between two adjacent stepped plates. When the discharger 2 reciprocates, the material is discharged from the discharging space out of the storage bin 1.

[0033] When the discharging device discharges, the discharger 2 reciprocates, and the displacement amount of each reciprocating movement of the discharger 2 is certain, which ensures that the amount of material discharged each time in the discharging space is quantitative. In the present invention, the material is pushed out of the storage bin 1 through the reciprocating movement of the discharger 2, so that the material does not fall by gravity flow, avoiding the flow of the material, and thus ensuring that the material will not show particle size segregation due to its own flow reason when being unloaded, that is, the discharging device of the present invention can discharge evenly and quantitatively.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, at least one partition is provided in the storage bin 1, and the partition divides the storage bin 1 into multiple storage spaces. The stepped plates on both sides of the partition are symmetrically arranged. By providing multiple partitions, the storage bin 1 is divided into multiple storage spaces, refining the structure of the storage bin 1, so that each storage space can form a small storage bin 1, which is beneficial to the uniform discharging of the material.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the storage bin includes N storage bin units. One storage bin unit includes two storage spaces, and there are 2N - 1 partitions, where N is greater than or equal to 1 and is a positive integer; both sides of the storage bin unit are respectively a partition or the side wall of the storage bin, and the bottoms of the partitions on both sides of the storage bin unit are in the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the side wall of the storage bin; a partition is provided in the middle of the storage bin unit, and the bottom of the partition in the middle of the storage bin unit is lower than the bottom of the side wall of the storage bin.

[0036] Specifically, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, the silo includes two silo units and is provided with 3 partitions. The partitions include: the first partition 3, the second partition 4 and the third partition 5; the first partition 3, the second partition 4 and the third partition 5 are arranged in parallel, the second partition 4 is located between the first partition 3 and the third partition 5, and the bottom of the second partition 4 is in the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the side wall of the silo 1. The bottoms of the first partition 3 and the third partition 5 protrude from the side wall of the silo 1, that is, the bottoms of the first partition 3 and the third partition 5 are lower than the bottom of the side wall of the silo 1. The first partition 3 and the third partition 5 protrude downward, so that a height difference is formed between the first partition 3, the third partition 5 and the bottom of the silo 1, which is beneficial to arranging multi-level stepped plates below the silo 1.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, stepped plates are arranged between adjacent partitions and between a partition and the side wall of the silo. A discharge space is formed between two adjacent partitions in the discharger. This discharge space can be used for discharging materials and also for air to enter the silo, balancing the air pressure in the silo, and meeting the working conditions where the materials need to be evenly discharged and in reverse uniform contact with the gas. That is, the discharge device in this application itself has the function of evenly distributing gas, so there is no need to set up a gas equalizing device.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stepped plate is an M-level stepped plate, and M-1 discharge spaces are formed in the M-level stepped plate, where M is greater than or equal to 2 and is a positive integer. In this embodiment, the value of M is taken as 5, that is, the stepped plate is a five-level stepped plate, and four discharge spaces are formed between the five-level stepped plates. The four discharge spaces can be used for discharging materials and also for the gas to enter the silo in reverse.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, there is a shared stepped plate between two adjacent five-level stepped plates. A total of four five-level stepped plates are arranged below the silo, that is, the discharger in this application includes four five-level stepped plates.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the length of the overlapping part between two adjacent stepped plates is L, the height difference between two adjacent stepped plates is H, and the angle of repose of the material is a. The relationship between L and H conforms to the formula: H / L ≤ tan(a). This ensures that the length of the overlapping part L between two stepped plates will not be too long, so that the materials located in the overlapping part of the stepped plates will not flow and cause particle size segregation. The top height of the partition is higher than the stacking height of the materials in the silo 1. The top of the partition needs to be higher than the upper surface of the materials to ensure that when the materials are discharged on one side of the partition, it will not affect the materials on the other side. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the silo is rectangular. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the silo can also be other shapes, such as circular, polygonal, etc.

[0041] When the granular and powdered solid uniform discharging device of the present invention is in use, when the discharger 2 is at the leftmost end, the material on the stepped plate on the left side of the discharger 2 (the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the left side wall of the bin 1) is the material to be discharged. When the discharger 2 moves to the right, the material on the stepped plate on the left side of the discharger 2 will not move with the discharger 2 under the action of the left side wall of the bin 1 and the first partition plate 3, so that the material on the stepped plate on the left side of the discharger 2 is pushed off the discharger 2, thus realizing uniform and quantitative discharging.

[0042] During the process of the discharger 2 moving to the right, the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4 will hold the material above it. When the discharger 2 reaches the right extreme position, the discharging on the left side of the discharger 2 is completed. When the discharger 2 moves from the right extreme to the left, the material on the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4 is the material to be discharged, and the material discharged each time is the material corresponding to the height difference between two adjacent stepped plates. The discharging process when the discharger 2 is located at the rightmost side is the same as the principle when the discharger 2 is located at the leftmost side, so it will not be elaborated here. The discharging state and the ready-to-discharge state on the stepped plates on both sides of the first partition plate 3 are opposite, that is, when the material on the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the left side wall of the bin 1 is in the discharging state, the material on the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4 is in the ready-to-discharge state; when the material on the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the left side wall of the bin 1 is in the ready-to-discharge state, the material on the stepped plate between the first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4 is in the discharging state.

[0043] In summary, in the technical solution of a granular and powdered solid uniform discharging device provided by the present invention, the materials in each part of the discharging device can be directly discharged without passing through a funnel, and there is no problem of particle size segregation; and it can make the gas enter the discharging device uniformly, make the gas contact the material uniformly, and there is no need to take measures for uniform gas distribution. Moreover, without setting a funnel and using a stepped plate as the discharger, the overall height of the discharging device is reduced, the material filling amount is reduced, and the cost is saved.

[0044] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device, characterized in that, the discharging device includes a silo and a discharger, the discharger is located below the silo, and the discharger reciprocates relative to the silo for quantitatively discharging the materials in the silo from the discharger; the discharger includes multi-stage stepped plates, and a discharging space is formed between two adjacent stepped plates. When the discharger reciprocates, the materials are discharged from the discharging space out of the silo; the stepped plates are M-stage stepped plates, and M-1 discharging spaces are formed in the M-stage stepped plates, where M is greater than or equal to 2 and M is a positive integer; at least one partition board is arranged in the silo, the partition board is a vertical board, the partition board divides the silo into multiple storage spaces, and the stepped plates on both sides of the partition board are symmetrically arranged; the silo includes N silo units, one silo unit includes two storage spaces, and there are 2N-1 partition boards, where N is a positive integer; both sides of the silo unit are respectively a partition board or the side wall of the silo, and the bottoms of the partition boards on both sides of the silo unit are in the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the side wall of the silo; a partition board is arranged in the middle of the silo unit, and the bottom of the partition board in the middle of the silo unit is lower than the bottom of the side wall of the silo; stepped plates are arranged between adjacent partition boards or between a partition board and the side wall of the silo; the length of the overlapping part between two adjacent stepped plates is L, the height difference between two adjacent stepped plates is H, and the angle of repose of the material is a. The relationship between L and H conforms to the formula: H / L≤tan(a); there is a shared stepped plate among two adjacent M-stage stepped plates, and this shared stepped plate is located below the corresponding partition board; when the M-stage stepped plates reciprocate relative to the silo unit, the materials on the M-stage stepped plates are pushed down by the corresponding partition boards, so as to achieve uniform and quantitative discharging.

2. The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cross-section of the silo is rectangular.

3. The granular and powdery solid uniform discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the height of the partition board is higher than the height of the materials in the silo.

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