A method and device for machining large pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal threads in ultra-deep holes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for machining trapezoidal threads in large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep holes. The present invention adopts a dividing plate to realize the indexing of multi-threaded trapezoidal threads, adopts a center stand to reduce the runout of the end of the workpiece to be machined, and adopts a straightening guide sleeve to prevent the tool bar from bending and letting the tool go during machining; a rough machining thread turning tool or a fine machining thread turning tool is respectively installed on the tool head for cutting to improve machining efficiency, and the cutting fluid is directly introduced to the blade of the turning tool through an infusion channel during machining to improve cutting quality. The present invention solves the difficulty of machining trapezoidal threads in large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep holes, which not only improves product quality, but also improves production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method and a device for machining large-pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal threads in ultra-deep holes, belonging to the technical field of mechanical machining. Background Art

[0002] The large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal thread has always been a difficult problem in the field of mechanical processing technology. The main problems are that the multi-threaded indexing is not easy to be evenly divided, the tool holder and tool bar used to clamp the tool have poor rigidity, and it is difficult to straighten the tool bar. As a result, the processing efficiency is low, the quality of the processed products is difficult to meet the requirements, and the qualified rate is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for processing large-pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal threads in ultra-deep holes, so as to solve the quality problems existing in the processing of large-pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal threads in ultra-deep holes and improve the processing efficiency, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The present invention discloses a method for machining a large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole internal trapezoidal thread. The method uses a common lathe to machine the large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole internal trapezoidal thread. The machining is specifically performed in the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Clamp the end of the workpiece to be processed that does not need to be processed with the internal trapezoidal thread on the chuck of the lathe, and connect the chuck to the main shaft of the lathe headstock through the indexing plate;

[0007] Step 2: a center bracket is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the workpiece to be processed extending out of the chuck, and the bottom of the center bracket is connected to the lathe guide rail;

[0008] Step 3: Fix the tool bar on the small tool holder of the lathe slide through the square tool holder, and connect the cutting fluid hose to the cutting fluid interface at the tail of the tool bar;

[0009] Step 4: Install the cutter head on the front end of the cutter bar and fix it with the clamping screw;

[0010] Step 5: Install the roughing thread turning tool or the fine thread turning tool on the tool head, adjust the position of the roughing thread turning tool or the fine thread turning tool, and fix it with a clamping screw;

[0011] Step 6: Install the centering guide sleeve on the cutter head and fix it with the clamping screw; ensure that the centering guide sleeve can slide freely back and forth on the four sides of the cutter head;

[0012] Step 7: Start the lathe, insert the cutter head into the tool groove of the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed, and start the cutting fluid pump to lubricate and cool the blade of the roughing thread turning tool or the finishing thread turning tool, and start feeding from the inside to the outside to start processing the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove;

[0013] Step 8: When the blade of the roughing thread turning tool or the finishing thread turning tool is completely withdrawn from the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed, the power supply of the lathe spindle is cut off and the tool is withdrawn, thereby completing the processing of the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove;

[0014] Step 9. Rotate the indexing plate to a certain angle and fix it, then repeat steps 7 and 8 to complete the processing of the second and remaining trapezoidal thread spiral grooves until all trapezoidal thread spiral grooves are processed.

[0015] A processing device for trapezoidal threads in large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep holes of the present invention is constructed according to the above processing method and used for the above processing method. The device includes a chuck installed on the headstock of a lathe via a tapered shank and a dividing plate, a center frame installed on the guide rail of the lathe, and a small tool holder installed on the middle carriage of the lathe; a square tool holder is installed on the top of the small tool holder, a tool rod is fixed on the square tool holder, a tool head is installed at the front end of the tool rod, and a roughing thread turning tool, a finishing thread turning tool and a straightening guide sleeve are installed on the tool head.

[0016] In the aforementioned device, the tapered handle includes a Morse tapered handle connected to the headstock of the lathe, and a threaded hole for tightening the tapered handle is provided at one end of the Morse tapered handle; a flange for connecting to a dividing plate is provided at the other end of the Morse tapered handle, and U-shaped notches and pin holes for connecting to the dividing plate are provided around the flange; a positioning frustum is provided on the other side of the flange.

[0017] In the aforementioned device, the dividing plate is in the shape of a circular disc, and a positioning circular groove is provided on one side of the dividing plate connected to the tapered handle. The dividing plate is provided with a U-shaped notch and a pin hole corresponding to the tapered handle, as well as a threaded hole for connecting the chuck; the side of the dividing plate provided with the positioning circular groove is connected to the flange of the tapered handle via bolts and pins; the other side of the dividing plate is connected to the chuck via bolts.

[0018] In the aforementioned device, the tool rod is a cylindrical structure with two sections of different diameters; the large diameter section of the tool rod is processed with a clamping plane; the large diameter end of the tool rod is provided with a cutting fluid interface, and the small diameter end of the tool rod is provided with a cutter head mounting thread and a clamping screw hole, and the cutter head mounting thread is connected to the cutting fluid interface through a cutting fluid channel.

[0019] In the aforementioned device, the tool head is a columnar structure, with a limiting convex ring provided in the middle of the column, one side of the limiting convex ring is a cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with an external thread connected to the tool rod and a clamping spherical groove; the other side of the limiting convex ring is a square prism, and the square prism is provided with a roughing thread turning tool mounting hole and a fine-machining thread turning tool mounting hole; one side of the roughing thread turning tool mounting hole and the fine-machining thread turning tool mounting hole are provided with a clamping screw hole, and the roughing thread turning tool and the fine-machining thread turning tool are fixed to the tool head by screws in the clamping screw holes; the square prism is provided with a straightening guide sleeve mounting groove; a cutting fluid channel is provided in the tool head, and the end of the cutting fluid channel is connected to the cutting fluid outlet located on one side of the square prism.

[0020] In the aforementioned device, the straightening guide sleeve is a cylindrical structure with a square hole in the middle; a notch is provided on the cylinder along one side of the square hole; chamfers are provided on the upper and lower sides of the notch; and tightening screw holes are provided on the upper and lower square hole planes of the notch.

[0021] In the aforementioned device, the square tool holder is a rectangular block structure; a tool rod clamping hole is provided on the square tool holder; a group of clamping screw holes are provided on the top of the tool rod clamping hole; a U-shaped groove is provided on the square tool holder on one side of the tool rod clamping hole, and a group of square tool holder mounting holes are provided on the square tool holder at the bottom of the U-shaped groove.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention effectively solves the difficulty of machining trapezoidal threads in large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep holes, thereby improving both product quality and production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tapered handle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the indexing plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knife bar of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the centralizing guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the square tool holder of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the workpiece to be processed.

[0032] The marks in the attached figure are: 1-taper handle, 2-dividing plate, 3-lathe headstock, 4-chuck, 5-lathe guide rail, 6-center frame, 7-lathe middle slide, 8-small tool holder, 9-square tool holder, 10-tool bar, 11-tool head, 12-rough thread turning tool, 13-fine thread turning tool, 14-centering guide sleeve, 15-Morse taper handle, 16-threaded hole, 17-flange, 18-U-shaped notch, 19-pin hole, 20-positioning round table, 21-positioning round groove, 22-pressing plane, 23-cutting fluid interface, 24 -cutter head mounting thread, 25-clamping screw hole, 26-cutting fluid channel, 27-limiting convex ring, 28-external thread, 29-clamping spherical groove, 30-square prism, 31-rough thread turning tool mounting hole, 32-fine thread turning tool mounting hole, 33-centering guide sleeve mounting groove, 34-cutting fluid outlet, 35-square hole, 36-notch, 37-chamfer, 38-tool bar clamping hole, 39-U-shaped groove, 40-square tool holder mounting hole, 41-workpiece to be processed, 42-large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] The present invention provides a method for machining a large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole inner trapezoidal thread, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this method uses CW6163B ordinary lathe to process large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal threads; the specific processing steps are as follows:

[0035] Step 1: Clamp the end of the workpiece 41 to be processed without processing the internal trapezoidal thread on the chuck 4 of the lathe, and connect the chuck 4 to the main shaft of the lathe headstock 3 through the indexing plate 2;

[0036] Step 2: a center support 6 is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the workpiece 41 to be processed extending out of the chuck 4, and the bottom of the center support 6 is connected to the lathe guide rail 5;

[0037] Step 3, fix the tool bar 10 on the small tool holder 8 of the carriage 7 of the lathe through the square tool holder 9, and connect the cutting fluid hose to the cutting fluid interface 23 at the tail of the tool bar 10;

[0038] Step 4: Install the cutter head 11 at the front end of the cutter bar 10 and fix it with a clamping screw;

[0039] Step 5: Install the roughing thread turning tool 12 or the finishing thread turning tool 13 on the tool head 11, adjust the position of the roughing thread turning tool 12 or the finishing thread turning tool 13, and fix it with a clamping screw;

[0040] Step 6: Install the straightening guide sleeve 14 on the cutter head 11 and fix it by tightening screws;

[0041] Step 7: Start the lathe, insert the cutter head 11 into the tool groove of the inner hole of the workpiece 41 to be processed, and start the cutting fluid pump to lubricate and cool the blade of the roughing thread turning tool 12 or the finishing thread turning tool 13, and start feeding from the inside to the outside to start processing the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove;

[0042] Step 8: When the blades of the roughing thread turning tool 12 and / or the finishing thread turning tool 13 are completely withdrawn from the inner hole of the workpiece 41 to be processed, the power supply of the lathe spindle is cut off and the tool is withdrawn, thereby completing the processing of the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove;

[0043] Step 9: Rotate the indexing plate 2 to a certain angle and fix it, then repeat steps 7 and 8 to complete the processing of the second and remaining trapezoidal thread spiral grooves until all the trapezoidal thread spiral grooves are processed.

[0044] A processing device for a large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole inner trapezoidal thread of the present invention is constructed according to the above method and used in the above method, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the device includes a chuck 4 installed on a lathe headstock 3 via a tapered shank 1 and a dividing plate 2, a center frame 6 installed on a lathe guide rail 5, and a small tool holder 8 installed on a center slide 7 of the lathe; a square tool holder 9 is installed on the top of the small tool holder 8, a tool rod 10 is fixed on the square tool holder 9, a tool head 11 is installed at the front end of the tool rod 10, and a roughing thread turning tool 12, a finishing thread turning tool 13 and a straightening guide sleeve 14 are installed on the tool head 11.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the taper handle 1 includes a Morse taper handle 15 connected to the lathe headstock 3, and a threaded hole 16 for tightening the taper handle 1 is provided at one end of the Morse taper handle 15; a flange 17 for connecting to the dividing plate 2 is provided at the other end of the Morse taper handle 15, and a U-shaped notch 18 and a pin hole 19 for connecting to the dividing plate 2 are provided around the flange 17; a positioning round table 20 is provided on the other side of the flange 17.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the dividing plate 2 is in the shape of a disc, and a positioning circular groove 21 is provided on one side of the dividing plate 2 connected to the tapered handle 1. The dividing plate 2 is provided with a U-shaped notch 18 and a pin hole 19 corresponding to the tapered handle 15, and a threaded hole 16 for connecting the chuck; the dividing plate 2 having the positioning circular groove 21 is connected to the flange 17 of the tapered handle 1 through bolts and pins; the other side of the dividing plate 2 is connected to the chuck 4 through bolts.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, the tool rod 10 is a cylindrical structure with two sections of different diameters; the large diameter section of the tool rod 10 is processed with a clamping plane 22; the large diameter end of the tool rod 10 is provided with a cutting fluid interface 23, and the small diameter end of the tool rod 10 is provided with a cutter head mounting thread 24 and a clamping screw hole 25, and the cutter head mounting thread 24 is connected to the cutting fluid interface 23 via a cutting fluid channel 26.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the tool head 11 is a columnar structure, with a limiting convex ring 27 provided in the middle of the column, one side of the limiting convex ring 27 is a cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with an external thread 28 connected to the tool rod 10 and a clamping spherical groove 29; the other side of the limiting convex ring 27 is a square prism 30, and the square prism 30 is provided with a roughing thread turning tool mounting hole 31 and a fine-machining thread turning tool mounting hole 32; one side of the roughing thread turning tool mounting hole 31 and the fine-machining thread turning tool mounting hole 32 are both provided with a clamping screw hole 25, and the roughing thread turning tool 12 and the fine-machining thread turning tool 13 are fixed to the tool head 11 through the screws in the clamping screw hole 25; the square prism 30 is provided with a straightening guide sleeve mounting groove 33; a cutting fluid channel 26 is provided in the tool head 11, and the end of the cutting fluid channel 26 is connected to a cutting fluid outlet 34 located on one side of the square prism 30.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the straightening guide sleeve 14 is a cylindrical structure with a square hole 35 in the middle; a notch 36 is cut along one side of the square hole 35 on the cylinder; chamfers 37 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the notch 36; and tightening screw holes 25 are provided on the upper and lower square hole planes of the notch 36.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, the square tool holder 9 is a rectangular block structure; a tool rod clamping hole 38 is provided on the square tool holder 9; a group of clamping screw holes 25 are provided on the top of the tool rod clamping hole 38; a U-shaped groove 39 is provided on the square tool holder 9 on one side of the tool rod clamping hole 38, and a group of square tool holder mounting holes 40 are provided on the square tool holder 9 on the bottom of the U-shaped groove 39.

[0051] The working process and principle of the present invention are further described below:

[0052] Clamp the workpiece 41 to be processed on the chuck 4, support it with the center frame 6, hang the lathe pitch on the pitch increase gear, start the lathe, extend the tool bar 10 into the inner hole of the workpiece 41 to be processed to the tool withdrawal groove, start feeding the workpiece 41 to be processed forward, press the opening and closing nut on the lathe, start cutting the internal thread, stop and withdraw the tool at the exit; reverse the lathe and advance it to the tool withdrawal groove again, feed again to start the next thread processing. The tool head 11 of the present invention is equipped with two turning tools, a roughing thread turning tool 12 and a fine-machining thread turning tool 13. The roughing thread turning tool 12 is mainly used to remove excess along the spiral line direction, and the tool is set to be inclined at an angle of less than 30°. The fine-machining thread turning tool 13 is mainly used to ensure the thread tooth shape and size. Two turning tools are used to process a trapezoidal thread groove.

[0053] The clamping of the workpiece 41 to be processed is mainly composed of the chuck 4 of the lathe and the indexing plate 2, the taper handle 1, the positioning pin, the tightening screw, the connecting screw, etc. of the present invention. The chuck 4 and the indexing plate 2 are connected as a whole by the tightening screw; then connected as a whole with the taper handle 1, the positioning pin, and the connecting screw; then matched with the tapered hole on the main shaft of the lathe, and tightened with the tension bolt to form a whole with the machine tool.

[0054] When indexing, loosen the connecting screws between the tapered handle 1 and the indexing plate 2, take out the positioning pin, rotate the chuck 4 of the lathe 360 / n degrees, then insert the positioning pin, and tighten the connecting screws between the tapered handle 1 and the indexing plate 2, so that indexing is convenient.

[0055] The tool bar portion of the present invention is mainly composed of a tool bar 10, a tool head 11, a straightening guide sleeve 14, a roughing thread turning tool 12 and a finishing thread turning tool 13. The straightening guide sleeve 14 is slidably matched with the square prism 30 on the tool head 11, and the straightening guide sleeve 14 is slidably matched with the inner hole of the workpiece 41 to be processed with a small gap. The straightening guide sleeve 14 mainly plays the role of guiding and straightening the tool bar 10. The present invention increases the cross section of the tool bar 10 to ensure the rigidity of the tool bar 10. The square tool holder 9 is composed of a special tool holder and a clamping screw.

[0056] The present invention adopts a dividing plate to realize the indexing of large pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal threads, adopts a center stand to reduce the runout of the end of the workpiece to be processed, and adopts a straightening guide sleeve to prevent the tool bar from bending and letting the tool go during processing; a roughing thread turning tool and a finishing thread turning tool are respectively installed on the tool head for cutting to improve the processing efficiency, and the cutting fluid is directly introduced to the blade of the turning tool through the infusion channel during processing to improve the cutting quality. The present invention solves the difficulty of large pitch multi-threaded trapezoidal thread processing in ultra-deep holes, which not only improves product quality, but also improves production efficiency.

Claims

1. A method for machining large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal threads, comprising a machining device for large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal threads, the machining device comprising a chuck (4) mounted on a lathe headstock (3) via a tapered shank (1) and a dividing plate (2), a center frame (6) mounted on a lathe guide rail (5), and a small tool holder (8) mounted on a lathe middle carriage (7); a square tool holder (9) is mounted on the top of the small tool holder (8), a tool rod (10) is fixed on the square tool holder (9), a tool head (11) is mounted on the front end of the tool rod (10), and a roughing thread turning tool (12), a finishing thread turning tool (13) and a straightening guide sleeve (14) are mounted on the tool head (11); The tool rod (10) is a cylindrical structure with two sections of different diameters; the large diameter section of the tool rod (10) is processed with a clamping plane (22); the large diameter end of the tool rod (10) is provided with a cutting fluid interface (23), and the small diameter end of the tool rod (10) is provided with a cutter head mounting thread (24) and a clamping screw hole, and the cutter head mounting thread (24) is connected to the cutting fluid interface (23) via a cutting fluid channel (26); The tool head (11) is a columnar structure, with a limiting convex ring (27) provided in the middle of the column; one side of the limiting convex ring (27) is a cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with an external thread (28) connected to the tool rod (10) and a pressing spherical groove (29); the other side of the limiting convex ring (27) is a square prism (30), and the square prism (30) is provided with a roughing thread turning tool mounting hole (31) and a fine thread turning tool mounting hole (32); the roughing thread turning tool mounting hole (31) is provided with a fine thread turning tool mounting hole (32); 1) and one side of the finishing thread turning tool mounting hole (32) are provided with a clamping screw hole, and the roughing thread turning tool (12) and the finishing thread turning tool (13) are fixedly mounted on the tool head (11) via screws in the clamping screw holes; a straightening guide sleeve mounting groove (33) is provided on the square prism (30); a cutting fluid channel (26) is provided in the tool head (11), and the end of the cutting fluid channel (26) is communicated with a cutting fluid outlet (34) located on one side of the square prism (30); The straightening guide sleeve (14) is a cylindrical structure with a square hole (35) in the middle; the cylinder is provided with a notch (36) cut along a side of the square hole (35); the upper and lower sides of the notch (36) are both provided with chamfers (37); the upper and lower square hole planes of the notch (36) are both provided with tightening screw holes; The square tool holder (9) is a rectangular block structure; a tool bar clamping hole (38) is provided on the square tool holder (9); a group of clamping screw holes are provided at the top of the tool bar clamping hole (38); a U-shaped groove (39) is provided on the square tool holder (9) on one side of the tool bar clamping hole (38), and a group of square tool holder mounting holes (40) are provided on the square tool holder (9) at the bottom of the U-shaped groove (39); Features: This method uses an ordinary lathe to process large-pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole trapezoidal threads; the specific processing steps are as follows: Step 1: Clamp the end of the workpiece to be processed that does not need to be processed with the internal trapezoidal thread on the chuck of the lathe, and connect the chuck to the main shaft of the lathe headstock through the indexing plate; Step 2: a center frame is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the workpiece to be processed extending out of the chuck, and the bottom of the center frame is connected to the lathe guide rail; Step 3: Fix the tool bar on the small tool holder of the lathe slide through the square tool holder, and connect the cutting fluid hose to the cutting fluid interface at the tail of the tool bar; Step 4: Install the cutter head on the front end of the cutter bar and fix it with the clamping screw; Step 5: Install the roughing thread turning tool or the fine thread turning tool on the tool head, adjust the position of the roughing thread turning tool or the fine thread turning tool, and fix it with a clamping screw; Step 6: Install the centering guide sleeve on the cutter head and fix it with the clamping screw; and ensure that the centering guide sleeve can slide freely back and forth on the four sides of the cutter head; Step 7: Start the lathe, insert the cutter head into the tool groove of the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed, and start the cutting fluid pump to lubricate and cool the blade of the roughing thread turning tool or the finishing thread turning tool, and start feeding from the inside to the outside to start processing the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove; Step 8: When the blade of the roughing thread turning tool or the finishing thread turning tool is completely withdrawn from the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed, the power supply of the lathe spindle is cut off and the tool is withdrawn, and step 7 is repeated until the processing of the first trapezoidal thread spiral groove is completed; Step 9. Rotate the indexing plate to a certain angle and fix it, then repeat steps 7 and 8 to complete the processing of the second and remaining trapezoidal thread spiral grooves until all trapezoidal thread spiral grooves are processed.

2. The method for machining large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole internal trapezoidal threads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper handle (1) comprises a Morse taper handle (15) connected to a lathe headstock (3); one end of the Morse taper handle (15) is provided with a threaded hole for tightening the taper handle (1); the other end of the Morse taper handle (15) is provided with a flange (17) for connecting to a dividing plate (2); the flange (17) is provided with U-shaped notches and pin holes for connecting to the dividing plate (2) around the flange; and the other side of the flange (17) is provided with a positioning round table (20).

3. The method for machining large pitch multi-threaded ultra-deep hole internal trapezoidal threads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indexing plate (2) is in the shape of a disk. A positioning circular groove (21) is provided on one side of the indexing plate (2) connected to the tapered handle (1). The indexing plate (2) is provided with a U-shaped notch and a pin hole corresponding to the tapered handle (1), as well as a threaded hole for connecting to a chuck. The one side of the indexing plate (2) provided with the positioning circular groove (21) is connected to the flange (17) of the tapered handle (1) via bolts and pins. The other side of the indexing plate (2) is connected to the chuck (4) via bolts.

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