Tool for arranging bolts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tool for arranging bolts, comprising: a lower disk body, an upper disk surface of which is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, and the plurality of countersunk holes are arranged circumferentially; an upper disk body, which is located above the lower disk body; a straightening mechanism, which comprises a plurality of countersunk holes corresponding to the countersunk holes one by one; each of the straightening mechanisms comprises: a retaining column, a lower end of which extends into the countersunk hole, and an upper end surface of the retaining column is provided with a shrinkage hole downwardly; a straightening petal, which comprises two, the two straightening petals are buckled to form a straightening body, a half groove is provided on the upper end of the straightening petal, so that a countersunk groove matching the shape of the nut of the bolt is formed on the upper end of the straightening body; a conical shaft matching the shrinkage hole is formed on the outer periphery of the straightening body; a first elastic member, which is arranged between the two straightening petals, for applying a reaction force to the two straightening petals; a driving member; wherein: the upper disk body is configured to be linked with the straightening body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of assembly equipment, and in particular to a tool. Background Art

[0002] As is known, the brake disc is assembled from a disc body and a hub body, and the assembly of the disc body and the hub body is achieved by a circle of bolts penetrating the two.

[0003] It is easy to understand that in order to achieve a circle of bolts passing through the disc body and the hub body at the same time, it is necessary to arrange the bolts with the help of a tool. Specifically, a circle of countersunk grooves is opened on the upper end surface of the tool, and the bolt caps of all bolts are placed in the countersunk holes manually or by equipment so that all bolts are inverted. In order to allow the bolt caps to smoothly extend into the countersunk holes, in the prior art, the aperture (or cross-section) of the countersunk holes is set much larger than the bolt caps, so that the bolt caps can be placed in the countersunk holes more smoothly to improve the efficiency of arranging the bolts (if the size of the countersunk holes is set to a size that strictly matches the bolt caps, it is difficult to accurately insert the bolt caps into the countersunk grooves regardless of whether the lifting equipment is used or the bolts are manually held, and when the bolt caps are inserted into the countersunk grooves by the lifting equipment, it is very likely that the bolt caps will interfere with the end face outside the countersunk grooves due to the inability to strictly align the bolts with the countersunk grooves, resulting in impact, which in turn causes damage to the bolts and the tooling).

[0004] However, although the larger countersunk hole can facilitate the placement of the bolt cap in the countersunk hole, it increases the probability of the bolt tilting during the arrangement process. Since too many bolts need to be arranged, the probability of tilting in each circle of bolts is higher. When one bolt in a circle of bolts tilts, the disc body and the hub body cannot be assembled. At this time, personnel need to check and manually straighten the tilted bolt, which reduces the assembly efficiency.

[0005] In addition, the relatively large countersunk holes have a poor positioning accuracy for the bolts, which results in a circle of bolts not being evenly arranged, and further results in the bolts not being able to pass through the disc body and the hub body at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a tool for arranging bolts to solve the above problems in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tool for arranging bolts, comprising:

[0008] A lower plate body, the upper plate surface of which is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, and the plurality of countersunk holes are arranged circumferentially;

[0009] An upper plate body, which is located above the lower plate body;

[0010] A straightening mechanism, comprising a plurality of straightening mechanisms corresponding one to one with the countersunk holes; each straightening mechanism comprises:

[0011] A retaining column, the lower end of which extends into the countersunk hole, and the upper end surface of the retaining column is provided with a shrinkage hole downward;

[0012] The righting petals include two righting petals, which are buckled to form a righting body, and the upper end of the righting petals is provided with a half groove, so that the upper end of the righting body forms a recessed groove matching the shape of the nut of the bolt; the outer periphery of the righting body forms a tapered shaft matching the shrinkage hole;

[0013] A first elastic member, which is disposed between the two righting petals and is used to apply a reaction force to the two righting petals;

[0014] A driving component, which is used to drive the upper plate to move vertically; wherein:

[0015] The upper plate is configured to be linked with the centralizing body, so that when the driving component drives the upper plate to move the centralizing body downward, the shrinkage hole forces the two centralizing petals to approach each other so that the sink covers the nut to centralize the bolt.

[0016] Preferably, the upper disk body is provided with through holes corresponding to the countersunk holes one by one, the upper ends of the retaining columns extend into the through holes, and the centralizing bodies are located in the through holes; wherein:

[0017] The upper part of the straightening body is formed with an upward step surface, and the through hole is formed with a downward step surface. The upper plate body drives the straightening body to move downward by pushing the step surface of the through hole against the step surface of the straightening body.

[0018] Preferably, the straightening mechanism further comprises:

[0019] The second elastic member is arranged in the counterbore and located between the bottom of the counterbore and the retaining column.

[0020] Preferably, the straightening mechanism further comprises:

[0021] A sheath is sleeved outside the retaining column.

[0022] Preferably, the retaining column is a stepped column;

[0023] The lower end of the sleeve abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped column, and the upper end of the sleeve is higher than the upper end of the retaining column.

[0024] Preferably, a slot is formed on the outer periphery of the sheath; the tooling for arranging bolts further comprises a ring body;

[0025] The ring body is located between the upper plate body and the lower plate body and is fixed to the lower plate body. The sheath passes through the ring body. The ring body restricts the sheath and the retaining column from escaping from the countersunk hole through a clamping groove.

[0026] Preferably, a stop sleeve is provided on the upper part of the sleeve; a stop ring is provided at the through hole at the lower end of the stop sleeve, and the upper end of the stop sleeve faces the downward step surface formed on the straightening body; when the driving component drives the upper disk body to move upward, the stop sleeve moves upward with the upper disk body and pushes the straightening body to move upward.

[0027] Preferably, the driving component is a cylinder disposed below the lower disk, and a piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the middle portion of the upper disk.

[0028] Preferably, a step surface is formed on the outer periphery of the middle portion of the sheath, and a lower end surface of the stop sleeve is at a certain distance from the step surface formed on the outer periphery of the middle portion of the sheath.

[0029] Preferably, the cross section of the sink is circular or polygonal.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the tooling for arranging bolts provided by the present invention is that the present invention provides a straightening mechanism, thereby achieving straightening and uniform distribution of the bolts through a single downward movement of the upper plate.

[0031] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention.

[0032] This summary of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure is not a comprehensive disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, the same reference numerals may describe similar parts in different views. The same reference numerals with letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar parts. The accompanying drawings generally illustrate various embodiments by way of example and not limitation, and together with the specification and claims, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the invention. When appropriate, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. Such embodiments are illustrative and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tool for arranging bolts provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2A schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a tool for arranging bolts provided in an embodiment of the present invention (with the upper plate removed).

[0036] Figure 3 A top view of a tool for arranging bolts provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 CC view.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB direction view (upper plate is in high position).

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 3 BB direction view (upper plate is in low position).

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a straightening mechanism in a tooling for arranging bolts provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 A view of the tooling for arranging bolts provided by an embodiment of the present invention in use (the state before straightening).

[0042] Fig. 9 A view of the tooling for arranging bolts provided by an embodiment of the present invention in use state (the state when straightening).

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 10-lower plate; 20-upper plate; 21-step surface; 30-ring body; 40-rightening mechanism; 41-retaining column; 411-shrinkage hole; 42-rightening body; 421-rightening petal; 422-sunk groove; 423-conical shaft; 424-step surface; 43-first elastic member; 44-sheath; 441-slot; 45-stop sleeve; 46-second elastic member; 47-retaining ring; 50-driving component; 51-telescopic rod; 100-bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0047] In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and well-known components are omitted.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a tool for arranging bolts 100. Specifically, the tool is used to arrange the bolts 100 in an inverted circle and to straighten the bolts 100. The tool comprises: a lower plate 10, an upper plate 20, a straightening mechanism 40 and a driving component 50. Among them, a circle of countersunk holes corresponding to the bolts 100 to be arranged is opened on the upper plate surface of the lower plate 10. The upper plate 20 is located above the lower plate 10. The straightening mechanism 40 includes a plurality of countersunk holes corresponding to the countersunk holes, such as Figure 5 As shown, each of the straightening mechanisms 40 includes: a retaining column 41, a straightening petal 421, and a first elastic member 43. The lower end of the retaining column 41 extends into the countersunk hole, and the upper end surface of the retaining column 41 is provided with a shrinkage hole 411 downwardly, and the shrinkage hole 411 is a tapered hole. The straightening petals 421 include two, and a half groove is provided at the upper end of the straightening petals 421. The two straightening petals 421 are buckled to form a straightening body 42, so that the upper end of the straightening body 42 forms a countersunk groove 422 that matches the nut shape of the bolt 100; the outer periphery of the straightening body 42 forms a tapered shaft 423 that matches the shrinkage hole 411. The first elastic member 43 is disposed between the two righting petals 421. A spring is selected as the first elastic member 43. At this time, a blind hole is opened on at least one opposite surface of the righting petal 421, so that the spring is disposed in the blind hole. The two ends of the spring respectively abut against the two righting petals 421 to apply a reaction force to the righting petals 421 to move the two away from each other. The function of the blind hole is that when the two righting petals 421 are close to each other, the spring will not interfere with the righting petal 421. Figure 4As shown, the driving component 50 is used to drive the upper plate 20 to move vertically. In the present invention, the upper plate 20 is configured to be linked with the centralizing body 42. Thus, when the driving component 50 drives the upper plate 20 to drive the centralizing body 42 to move downward, the shrinkage hole 411 forces the two centralizing petals 421 to approach each other so that the sink 422 covers the nut to centralize the bolt 100.

[0049] Here is an introduction to the working principle of the above tooling:

[0050] like Figure 8 Combined with Figure 1 As shown, the upper plate body 20 is driven by the driving component 50 so that the upper plate body 20 is in a high position. Synchronously, the straightening body 42 linked with the upper plate body 20 is also in a high position. Under the action of the spring, the two straightening petals 421 are in a state of being separated from each other, so that the sink groove 422 at the upper end of the straightening body 42 is in a state of maximum size. At this time, the bolts 100 are placed in the sink groove 422 manually or by equipment (so that the nuts of the bolts 100 are placed in the sink groove 422) until a circle of bolts 100 are arranged.

[0051] After the bolts 100 are arranged, the upper plate 20 is driven by the driving component 50 to move the upper plate 20 downward. Synchronously, the centralizing body 42 linked with the upper plate 20 also moves downward, thereby causing the cone shaft 423 of the centralizing body 42 to move downward. Fig. 9 As shown, the hole wall of the shrinkage hole 411 compresses the tapered shaft 423 in a separated state to bring the two straightening petals 421 closer together. Synchronously, the countersunk groove 422 at the upper end of the straightening body 42 shrinks due to the approach of the two straightening petals 421. In this way, the bolts 100 that have been tilted in a circle of bolts 100 can be straightened, and at the same time, the bolts 100 that are unevenly arranged due to the large size of the countersunk groove 422 can be corrected, so that the bolts 100 are evenly arranged.

[0052] The present invention provides a straightening mechanism 40 , and can straighten and evenly distribute the bolts 100 by a single downward movement of the upper plate 20 .

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the upper plate 20 is provided with through holes corresponding to the countersunk holes, the upper end of the retaining column 41 extends into the through holes, and the straightening body 42 is located in the through holes; wherein: the upper part of the straightening body 42 is formed with an upward step surface 424, and the through hole is formed with a downward step surface 21, and the upper plate 20 drives the straightening body 42 to move downward by pushing the step surface of the through hole against the step surface of the straightening body 42. In this embodiment, by providing the step surface on the through hole of the upper plate 20 and the straightening body 42, the downward movement of the straightening body 42 is synchronized with the downward movement of the upper plate 20, and the design is ingenious.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the straightening mechanism 40 further includes: a second elastic member 46, which is disposed in the counterbore and between the bottom of the counterbore and the retaining column 41. Preferably, a spring washer is selected as the second elastic member 46.

[0055] The reason and function of providing the second elastic member 46 are described below.

[0056] The second elastic member 46 is provided based on the possible error in the radial size of the nut of the bolt 100. Specifically, in a circle of bolts 100, when the nuts of some of the bolts 100 are larger and the nuts of other bolts 100 are smaller, after the upper plate body 20 drives the righting petal 421 to move downward, the nut of the larger size is first righted and clamped by the groove wall of the sink groove 422, while at this time, the nut of the smaller size has not been righted because it is not in contact with the sink groove 422 (all the sink grooves 422 have the same size). If the lower end of the retaining column 41 is in direct or indirect rigid contact with the bottom of the sink groove 422, the nut of the larger size is squeezed, so that the nut generates a reaction force on the two righting petals 421, and this reaction force is transmitted to the upper plate body 20 through the cooperation of the tapered shaft 423 and the tapered hole, so that the upper plate body 20 generates a larger resistance. This means that if the driving component 50 continues to drive the upper disk body 20 downward, the larger sized nut and its corresponding sink 422 will be deformed and damaged due to extrusion; and if the driving component 50 stops driving the upper disk body 20 downward, the bolt 100 corresponding to the smaller sized nut cannot be straightened.

[0057] In this embodiment, the function of the second elastic member 46 is that when the upper plate 20 drives the straightening body 42 to move downward, the second elastic member 46 provides an upward reaction force to the retaining column 41 due to the accumulation of elastic potential energy, so that when the larger nut is straightened, the retaining column 41 corresponding to the smaller nut moves upward due to the upward reaction force of the second elastic member, forcing the corresponding straightening petal 421 to move closer and straighten the bolt 100 corresponding to the smaller nut. In short, the second elastic member makes the cone shaft 423 of the straightening body 42 corresponding to the smaller nut extend deeper into the shrinkage hole 411 than the larger nut, so that all bolts 100 with size errors can be straightened at the same time.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the straightening mechanism 40 further includes: a sheath 44, which is sleeved outside the retaining column 41. Preferably, the retaining column 41 is a stepped column; the lower end of the sheath 44 abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped column, and the upper end of the sheath 44 is higher than the upper end of the retaining column 41. In this embodiment, the function of the sheath 44 is to at least increase the strength of the retaining column 41.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a groove 441 is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 44; the tooling for arranging the bolt 100 also includes a ring body 30; the ring body 30 is located between the upper plate body 20 and the lower plate body 10 and is fixed to the lower plate body 10, and the sleeve 44 passes through the ring body 30, and the ring body 30 restricts the sleeve 44 and the retaining column 41 from escaping from the countersunk hole by means of the groove 441.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a stopper sleeve 45 is sleeved on the upper part of the sheath 44; a stopper ring 47 is provided at the through hole at the lower end of the stopper sleeve 45, and the upper end of the stopper sleeve 45 faces the downward step surface formed on the centralizing body 42; when the driving component 50 drives the upper plate 20 to move upward, the stopper sleeve 45 moves upward with the upper plate 20 and pushes the centralizing body 42 to move upward. In this embodiment, the cooperation of the stopper sleeve 45 and the stopper ring 47 enables the centralizing body 42 to move upward synchronously with the upper plate 20.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the driving component 50 is a cylinder disposed below the lower plate 10, and a piston rod 51 of the cylinder penetrates the lower plate 10 and is connected to the middle of the upper plate 20. The piston rod 51 of the cylinder is extended and retracted by starting to drive the upper plate 20 to move vertically.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, a step surface is formed on the outer periphery of the middle part of the sheath 44, and a certain distance is formed between the lower end surface of the stopper sleeve 45 and the step surface formed on the outer periphery of the middle part of the sheath 44. In this embodiment, the certain distance is used to limit the moving stroke of the straightening body 42, and the driving stroke of the driving component 50 needs to be set according to the distance.

[0063] In addition, the cross-section of the recessed groove 422 is set based on the cross-section of the nut of the bolt 100. When the cross-section of the nut is circular, the recessed groove 422 is set to a circular cross-section; when the cross-section of the nut is hexagonal, the recessed groove 422 is set to a hexagonal cross-section.

[0064] In addition, although exemplary embodiments have been described in the present invention, the scope includes any and all embodiments based on the present invention with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., various embodiments intersecting schemes), adaptations or changes. The elements in the claims will be interpreted broadly based on the language adopted in the claims, and are not limited to the examples described in this specification or during the implementation of this application, and their examples will be interpreted as non-exclusive. Therefore, this specification and examples are intended to be considered as examples only, and the true scope and spirit are indicated by the following claims and the full scope of their equivalents.

[0065] The above description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more of them) can be used in combination with each other. For example, a person of ordinary skill in the art can use other embodiments when reading the above description. In addition, in the above-mentioned specific embodiments, various features can be grouped together to simplify the present invention. This should not be interpreted as an intention that a disclosed feature that is not required to be protected is necessary for any claim. On the contrary, the subject matter of the present invention may be less than all the features of a specific disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are incorporated into the specific embodiments as examples or embodiments, wherein each claim is independently used as a separate embodiment, and it is considered that these embodiments can be combined with each other in various combinations or arrangements. The scope of the present invention should be determined with reference to the attached claims and the full scope of equivalent forms granted by these claims.

[0066] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for arranging bolts, characterized in that: include: A lower plate body, the upper plate surface of which is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, and the plurality of countersunk holes are arranged circumferentially; An upper plate body, which is located above the lower plate body; A straightening mechanism, comprising a plurality of straightening mechanisms corresponding one to one with the countersunk holes; each straightening mechanism comprises: A retaining column, the lower end of which extends into the countersunk hole, and the upper end surface of the retaining column is provided with a shrinkage hole downward; The righting petals include two righting petals, which are buckled to form a righting body, and the upper end of the righting petals is provided with a half groove, so that the upper end of the righting body forms a recessed groove matching the shape of the nut of the bolt; the outer periphery of the righting body forms a tapered shaft matching the shrinkage hole; A first elastic member, which is disposed between the two righting petals and is used to apply a reaction force to the two righting petals; A driving component, which is used to drive the upper plate to move vertically; wherein: The upper plate is configured to be linked with the centralizing body, so that when the driving component drives the upper plate to drive the centralizing body to move downward, the shrinkage hole forces the two centralizing petals to approach each other so that the sink covers the nut to centralize the bolt; The upper plate body is provided with through holes corresponding to the countersunk holes one by one, the upper ends of the retaining columns extend into the through holes, and the centralizing bodies are located in the through holes; wherein: The upper part of the straightening body is formed with an upward step surface, and the through hole is formed with a downward step surface, and the upper plate body pushes against the step surface of the straightening body by the step surface of the through hole to drive the straightening body to move downward; The straightening mechanism also includes: The second elastic member is arranged in the counterbore and located between the bottom of the counterbore and the retaining column.

2. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening mechanism also includes: A sheath is sleeved outside the retaining column.

3. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining column is a stepped column; The lower end of the sleeve abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped column, and the upper end of the sleeve is higher than the upper end of the retaining column.

4. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slot is formed on the outer periphery of the sheath; the tooling for arranging bolts also includes a ring body; The ring body is located between the upper plate body and the lower plate body and is fixed to the lower plate body. The sheath passes through the ring body. The ring body restricts the sheath and the retaining column from escaping from the countersunk hole through a clamping groove.

5. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stop sleeve is provided on the upper part of the sleeve; a stop ring is provided at the through hole at the lower end of the stop sleeve, and the upper end of the stop sleeve faces the downward step surface formed on the straightening body; when the driving component drives the upper disk to move upward, the stop sleeve moves upward with the upper disk and pushes the straightening body to move upward.

6. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component is a cylinder arranged below the lower plate, and a piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the middle part of the upper plate.

7. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 5, characterized in that: A step surface is formed on the outer periphery of the middle part of the sleeve, and a certain distance exists between the lower end surface of the stop sleeve and the step surface formed on the outer periphery of the middle part of the sleeve.

8. The tool for arranging bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the sink is circular or polygonal.

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