A force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment, which avoids the problem in the prior art that a high-temperature and high-pressure sensor is connected in series in a loading pull rod by a threaded connection method to directly measure the force of a specimen in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. Therefore, during long-term use, especially during a fatigue test, there is no measurement error problem caused by loosening at the connection of the sensor. It solves the problem that compared with a standard force sensor under normal conditions, a high-temperature and high-pressure sensor with the function of resisting high temperature and high pressure has a complex structure and high cost. The force sensor integrated with the loading pull rod and designed and processed for a normal-temperature and normal-pressure air environment can not only directly measure the force of the specimen, but also is reliable during long-term use, has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and can achieve high-precision measurement, overcoming the problem of inaccurate measurement data caused by the lack of a sensor with the function applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment such as an ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, corrosive water or steam environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a force measuring device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment. Background Art

[0002] In order to conduct service safety evaluation on metal materials working in extreme multi-factor coupling environments such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, corrosive water or steam environments, specimens thereof are placed in a sealed container such as an autoclave in a high-temperature and high-pressure corrosive water or steam environment for mechanical property tests. However, there is currently no force sensor on the market that is applicable to directly measure the force of a test piece under such conditions.

[0003] The closest prior art is the Chinese invention patent application publication specification CN 111060392 A, which discloses a device that can directly measure tensile and compressive loads inside a high-temperature and high-pressure container. This technology includes using a disconnected pull rod, and then connecting the two ends of the force sensor to the ends of the two disconnected pull rods by means of threaded connection to form an integral body, and directly placing the force sensor in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to measure the force of the test piece. In addition, the pressure balance mechanism described in this technology uses a bellows to isolate the force measuring sensor from the high-pressure container into two chambers, and uses the method of the same pressure of different media to eliminate the additional force acting on the test piece. Although this method avoids the influence of friction on the measuring accuracy, it also brings problems: First, the bellows pressure balance mechanism also generates a certain additional force during the test, resulting in measurement errors. Second, compared with a conventional standard force sensor, a sensor with the function of high temperature and high pressure resistance of the same accuracy has a complex structure and high cost. Third, using a disconnected pull rod and connecting the force sensor into it, after long-term use, especially during fatigue tests, the threaded connection is prone to looseness, which is not easy to detect and causes measurement errors. Fourth, there is currently no relevant standard applicable to the calibration or calibration of high-temperature and high-pressure sensors, which will affect the credibility of the sensor measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a force measuring device applicable to extreme multi-factor coupling environments such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, corrosive water or steam environments, wherein the force of the test piece can be directly measured, and the measurement system has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and has high measurement accuracy and credibility.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A force measuring device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment, characterized in that the force measuring device is composed of an autoclave, a loading pull rod, an outer sleeve, a force sensor, an intermediate sleeve, a pressure balance piston b, a pressure balance piston a, and a spiral temperature isolation device. One end of the outer sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the autoclave in a sealed manner, and there is a sealing device in the through hole at the other end. The outer sleeve is provided with a stepped through hole along the axis, which is communicated with the autoclave. The loading pull rod is arranged in the stepped through hole of the outer sleeve, one end extends deep into the autoclave, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve through a sealing device and extends out of its through hole. The force sensor is integrally designed and manufactured with the loading pull rod and the pressure balance piston a, and the loading pull rod is located below the sensor. The force sensor is a force sensor applicable to a normal temperature and normal pressure air environment.

[0007] Further, the inner cavity of the autoclave is an ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure corrosive water or steam environment.

[0008] Further, a hollow blind hole is provided along the axis on the bottom end face of the loading pull rod; the pressure balance piston a is located at the top space position of the hollow blind hole on the loading pull rod.

[0009] Further, the pressure balance piston b is also integrally designed and manufactured with the loading pull rod and is located below the pressure balance piston a.

[0010] Further, the intermediate sleeve is sleeved at the bottom space position of the stepped through hole of the outer sleeve and is provided with a stepped through hole along the axis. The stepped through holes of the intermediate sleeve are respectively sealed and connected to the pressure balance piston a and the pressure balance piston b, and a low-pressure cavity is formed therebetween.

[0011] Further, a groove is provided on the outer side of the intermediate sleeve parallel to the axis and is communicated with the grooves provided on both end faces of the intermediate sleeve. One end of the groove provided on the outer side surface of the intermediate sleeve is located above the pressure balance piston a and is communicated with the high-pressure container, and the other end is located below the pressure balance piston b and is communicated with the space of the outer end face of the pressure balance piston b.

[0012] Further, the spiral temperature isolation device is in contact connection with the outer side surface of the top of the outer sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the space of the spiral temperature isolation device is formed by winding a spiral tube.

[0014] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0015] During the test, the autoclave contains ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure corrosive liquids or gases. The space formed by the autoclave, the outer jacket, and the loading tie rod is connected to the grooves on the outer side of the intermediate sleeve. When the autoclave is pressurized, the pressure flows into the space at the outer end face of the pressure balance piston b through these grooves. At this time, the internal pressure of the autoclave is the same as the pressure on the outer end face of the pressure balance piston b. Thus, the force measurement error of the specimen caused by the pressure fluctuation inside the autoclave during the working process can be eliminated.

[0016] Since the force sensor is located at the internal blind hole of the loading tie rod, the blind hole isolates the high-pressure corrosive water or steam outside the loading tie rod, making it an atmospheric pressure and air environment. Also, because the force sensor is located below the spiral temperature isolation device, and a pre-cooled circulating gas is introduced between the inlet and the outlet of the spiral temperature isolation device, the environment above the force sensor can be cooled. Therefore, the measurement environment of this force sensor is a normal temperature and atmospheric pressure air environment, and a sensor with high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam functions is not required. Thus, high-precision measurement can be carried out.

[0017] The said sensor is located at the upper position of the pressure balance piston a, and is not affected by the friction generated by the seal between the outer jacket and the loading tie rod during force measurement, so the force measurement accuracy is high.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. A sensor integrated with the loading tie rod and designed and processed for a normal temperature and atmospheric pressure air environment is adopted, instead of a sensor with high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam functions, and the measurement accuracy is high.

[0020] 2. A sensor integrated with the loading tie rod and designed and processed for a normal temperature and atmospheric pressure air environment is used to replace the high-temperature and high-pressure sensor connected in series with the loading tie rod, avoiding the problem that it is difficult to detect the looseness generated at the connection, especially the threaded connection, during long-term use, especially during fatigue tests, which brings measurement errors, and solves the problem of long-term use reliability. The structure is simple and easy to maintain.

[0021] 3. By adopting a sensor suitable for a normal temperature and atmospheric pressure air environment, the existing relevant standards can be used to calibrate or calibrate the accuracy of the sensor itself, and the measurement data is reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a force measurement device suitable for an extreme multi-factor coupling environment in this embodiment.

[0023] Reference numerals in the figure:

[0024] 1. Autoclave; 2. Loading tie rod; 3. Outer sleeve; 4. Force sensor; 5. Intermediate sleeve; 6. Pressure balance piston b; 7. Pressure balance piston a; 8. Spiral temperature isolation device. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The following combines the attached Figure 1 and specific embodiments to further elaborate on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0026] In order to conduct service safety evaluation on metal materials working in extreme multi-factor coupling environments such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, corrosive water or steam environments, its specimens are placed in a closed container in a high-temperature and high-pressure corrosive water or steam environment, such as an autoclave, for mechanical property tests. Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a testing machine working in an ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, corrosive water or steam environment.

[0027] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the testing machine includes an autoclave (1), the inner cavity of which is a high-temperature and high-pressure corrosive water or steam environment chamber. The force measurement device includes:

[0028] One end of the outer sleeve (3) is connected to the bottom end of the autoclave (1) in a sealed manner, and there is a sealing device in the hole at the other end. The outer sleeve (3) is provided with a stepped through-hole along the axis and is connected to the autoclave (1).

[0029] The loading tie rod (2) is inserted into the stepped through-hole of the outer sleeve (3), one end extends deep into the autoclave, and the other end is sealed and connected to the bottom hole of the outer sleeve (3) and extends out of the hole. A hollow blind hole is opened along the axis on the bottom end face of the loading tie rod (2).

[0030] The force sensor (4), pressure balance piston b (6), and pressure balance piston a (7) are integrally designed and manufactured with the loading tie rod (2), and the force sensor (4) is located at the top space position of the hollow blind hole on the loading tie rod (2); the force sensor (4), pressure balance piston b (6), and pressure balance piston a (7) are integrally designed and manufactured with the loading tie rod (2), the pressure balance piston a (7) is located below the sensor (4); the pressure balance piston b (6) is located below the pressure balance piston a (7). The force sensor (4) is a force sensor applicable to normal temperature and pressure air environments.

[0031] The intermediate sleeve (5) is installed at the bottom space position of the stepped hole of the outer sleeve (3), and a stepped through hole is axially provided. The stepped through holes of the intermediate sleeve (5) are respectively sealed and connected to the pressure balance piston a (7) and the pressure balance piston b (6), and a low-pressure chamber is formed therebetween. A groove is axially provided on the outer side of the intermediate sleeve (5) and communicated with the grooves provided on both end faces of the intermediate sleeve (5). One end of the groove provided on the outer side surface of the intermediate sleeve (5) is located above the pressure balance piston a (7) and communicated with the high-pressure container (1), and the other end is located below the pressure balance piston b (6) and communicated with the space of its outer end face.

[0032] The spiral temperature isolation device (8) is in contact connection with the outer side surface of the top of the outer sleeve (3). The space of the spiral temperature isolation device (8) is formed by winding a spiral tube. By introducing a pre-cooled circulating gas between its inlet and outlet, the upper environment of the force sensor (4) can be cooled.

Claims

1. A force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment, characterized in that The described force measuring device is composed of an autoclave (1), a loading pull rod (2), an outer sleeve (3), a force sensor (4), an intermediate sleeve (5), a pressure balance piston b (6), a pressure balance piston a (7), and a spiral temperature isolation device (8); one end of the outer sleeve (3) is connected to the bottom end of the autoclave (1) in a sealed manner, and there is a sealing device in the hole at the other end. The outer sleeve (3) is provided with a stepped through hole along the axis and is connected to the autoclave (1); the loading pull rod (2) is inserted into the stepped through hole of the outer sleeve (3), one end extends deep into the autoclave, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve (3) through a sealing device and extends out of its through hole. The force sensor (4), the loading pull rod (2), and the pressure balance piston a (7) are integrally designed and manufactured. The pressure balance piston a (7) is located below the force sensor (4); the force sensor (4) is a force sensor applicable to the normal temperature and pressure air environment. A hollow blind hole is provided along the axis on the bottom end face of the loading pull rod (2), and the force sensor is located at the internal blind hole of the loading pull rod; the pressure balance piston a (7) is located at the top space position of the hollow blind hole on the loading pull rod (2). The intermediate sleeve (5) is installed at the bottom space position of the stepped through hole of the outer sleeve (3) and is provided with a stepped through hole along the axis. The stepped through holes of the intermediate sleeve (5) are respectively sealed and connected to the pressure balance piston a (7) and the pressure balance piston b (6), and a low-pressure chamber is formed therebetween. A groove is provided on the outer side of the intermediate sleeve (5) parallel to the axis and is connected to the grooves provided on both end faces of the intermediate sleeve. One end of the groove provided on the outer side face of the intermediate sleeve (5) is located above the pressure balance piston a (7) and is connected to the autoclave (1), and the other end is located below the pressure balance piston b (6) and is connected to the space outside the end face of the pressure balance piston b.

2. The force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner cavity of the autoclave (1) is an ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure corrosive water or steam environment.

3. The force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment according to claim 1, wherein The pressure balance piston b (6) is also integrally designed and manufactured with the loading pull rod (2) and is located below the pressure balance piston a (7).

4. The force measurement device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The spiral temperature isolation device (8) is in contact connection with the outer side face at the top of the outer sleeve (3).

5. The force measuring device applicable to an extreme multi-factor coupling environment according to claim 4, characterized in that The space of the spiral temperature isolation device (8) is formed by winding a spiral tube.

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