Energy-saving organic thermal decomposition device

Abstract

The application discloses an energy-saving organic material thermal decomposition equipment, which comprises a thermal decomposition equipment, a double-layer transmission heat exchange box, a low-temperature material transmission device arranged in an upper heat exchange chamber of the double-layer transmission heat exchange box, and a high-temperature material transmission device arranged in a lower heat exchange chamber of the double-layer transmission heat exchange box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas organic matter thermal decomposition equipment, and more specifically, this invention relates to an energy-saving organic matter thermal decomposition equipment. Background Technology

[0002] When pyrolyzing oil sludge, oil sands, heavy oil, municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, and agricultural and forestry waste, pyrolysis devices typically heat the materials from low to high temperatures and then discharge the remaining materials while they are still at high temperatures. Discharging the remaining materials at high temperatures is not only unsafe but also results in energy waste due to heat loss. To address this issue, methods such as adding areas to the pyrolysis zone to lower the temperature of the remaining materials or increasing the length of the equipment have been adopted. However, these methods are often limited by the spatial constraints of the equipment installation area, particularly when installing skid-mounted pyrolysis equipment on drilling platforms or vehicle-mounted pyrolysis equipment.

[0003] Therefore, a thermal decomposition device is needed to solve the problem of low-temperature discharge of residual high-temperature materials, while avoiding the waste of heat from the residual high-temperature materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and / or defects, and to provide at least the advantages described below.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, an energy-saving organic thermal decomposition apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0006] Thermolysis equipment;

[0007] A double-layer heat exchange box comprises a lower heat exchange chamber and an upper heat exchange chamber connected to the lower heat exchange chamber. The upper heat exchange chamber is equipped with a low-temperature material transfer device, and the lower heat exchange chamber is equipped with a high-temperature material transfer device. The upper heat exchange chamber has a low-temperature material inlet on one side and a low-temperature material outlet on the other side, the low-temperature material outlet being connected to the feed inlet of a pyrolysis device. The lower heat exchange chamber has a high-temperature material inlet on one side and a tailings outlet on the other side, the high-temperature material inlet being connected to the slag outlet of the pyrolysis device.

[0008] The upper heat exchange chamber is also equipped with an oil and gas outlet, which is connected to an oil and gas collection and separation system.

[0009] Preferably, the structure of the pyrolysis device includes:

[0010] A pyrolysis furnace is provided with a slag outlet and a feed inlet. The slag outlet is connected to the high-temperature material inlet of a double-layer heat exchange box, and the feed inlet is connected to the low-temperature material outlet.

[0011] A heating chamber is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and multiple sets of burners are fixedly installed in the heating chamber;

[0012] The multi-layered conveyor belts are staggered inside the pyrolysis furnace. Each set of conveyor belts is connected to a drive wheel. One end of the uppermost conveyor belt is located below the feed inlet, and one end of the lowermost conveyor belt is close to the slag outlet. The drive motor is located outside the pyrolysis furnace, and the motor shaft of the drive motor extends into the pyrolysis furnace and is fixedly connected to the drive wheel.

[0013] Preferably, a screw conveyor is connected between the feed inlet of the pyrolysis equipment and the low-temperature material outlet of the double-layer transfer heat exchange box, and the structure of the screw conveyor includes:

[0014] The device housing has an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet port is connected to the low-temperature material outlet of the double-layer heat exchange box, and the outlet port is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis equipment.

[0015] A drive screw is rotatably mounted in the housing of the device. One end of the drive screw is close to the discharge port of the housing, and the other end is connected to a motor.

[0016] Preferably, the outer surface of the device housing is provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0017] Preferably, the structure of the oil and gas collection and separation system includes:

[0018] A condenser is connected to the oil and gas outlet via a pipe. The condenser is also connected to a transfer tank via a pipe. The transfer tank is equipped with a water and oil outlet and a gas outlet.

[0019] The transfer tank is equipped with multiple staggered baffles, and a filter screen is installed above the baffles.

[0020] Preferably, the structure of the transfer tank includes a lower tank body and an upper tank body, the upper tank body and the lower tank body are hinged together, and an annular sealing groove is provided on the lower tank body, and an annular sealing ring is provided in the annular sealing groove;

[0021] Flange seals are provided at the connection between the upper and lower tanks, and the flange seals of the upper and lower tanks are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0022] Preferably, the lower tank body is provided with a limiting layer, the filter screen is a circular filter screen, and an installation ring is fixed to the outside of the filter screen. The limiting layer and the installation ring are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0023] Preferably, the double-layer heat exchange box can be square, round, or elliptical; and the high-temperature material conveying device is a conveyor chain.

[0024] Preferably, the pyrolysis equipment is a screw-feed pyrolysis furnace, which is provided with a feed inlet and a slag outlet. A conveying screw is rotatably installed in the pyrolysis furnace, and the conveying screw is connected to a feeding motor located outside the pyrolysis furnace.

[0025] Preferably, the structure of the pyrolysis device includes:

[0026] A pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet and a slag outlet, and the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with multiple layers of staggered conveyor belts.

[0027] A thermal insulation layer is provided outside the pyrolysis furnace, and a spirally arranged electric heating tube is provided between the thermal insulation layer and the pyrolysis furnace.

[0028] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By adding a double-layer heat exchange box next to the pyrolysis equipment, the lower heat exchange chamber of the double-layer heat exchange box is used to transfer the remaining high-temperature material discharged from the pyrolysis equipment, and the upper heat exchange chamber is used to transfer the low-temperature raw material to be decomposed. The remaining high-temperature material can be further cooled before being discharged. At the same time, the high-temperature material can be used to preheat the low-temperature raw material, making full use of the thermal energy of the remaining high-temperature material and solving the problem of low-temperature discharge of the remaining high-temperature material.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-layer heat exchange box of the present invention, in which the original low-temperature material and the remaining high-temperature material are conveyed in the same direction.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the double-layer heat exchange box and pyrolysis furnace of the present invention, which are connected back to back.

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the pyrolysis furnace provided by the present invention, which uses electric heating tubes for heating;

[0035] Figure 6 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the pyrolysis furnace provided by the present invention, which uses a spiral feeding mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0037] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not imply the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0038] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped", "sleeved / connected", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Furthermore, in this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] like Figure 1-6 As shown: An energy-saving organic thermal decomposition device of the present invention includes:

[0042] Thermolysis equipment;

[0043] The double-layer heat exchange box 2 comprises a lower heat exchange chamber 3 and an upper heat exchange chamber 4 located above the lower heat exchange chamber 3. A low-temperature material transfer device 41 is installed in the upper heat exchange chamber 4, and a high-temperature material transfer device 31 is installed in the lower heat exchange chamber 3. A low-temperature material inlet 42 is provided on one side of the upper heat exchange chamber 4, and a low-temperature material outlet 43 is provided on the other side. The low-temperature material outlet 43 is connected to the feed inlet of the pyrolysis equipment 1. A high-temperature material inlet 32 ​​is provided on one side of the lower heat exchange chamber 3, and a tailings outlet 33 is provided on the other side. The high-temperature material inlet 32 ​​is connected to the slag outlet of the pyrolysis equipment 1.

[0044] The upper heat exchange chamber 4 is also provided with an oil and gas outlet 44, which is connected to an oil and gas collection and separation system.

[0045] Working Principle: The remaining high-temperature material discharged from the pyrolysis equipment 1 is discharged through the high-temperature material inlet 32 ​​into the lower heat exchange chamber 3 of the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2. The high-temperature material transfer device 31 transfers the high-temperature material from the high-temperature material inlet 32 ​​to the tailings outlet 33. Simultaneously, the original low-temperature material requiring preheating is loaded into the upper heat exchange chamber 4 through the low-temperature material inlet 42. The low-temperature material transfer device 41 transfers the original low-temperature material from the low-temperature material inlet 42 to the low-temperature material outlet 43. During the transportation of the remaining high-temperature material and the original low-temperature material, the heat from the remaining high-temperature material effectively preheats the original low-temperature material, resulting in a significant drop in the temperature of the remaining high-temperature material. The preheated original low-temperature material then enters the pyrolysis equipment 1 through the feed inlet. Therefore, this method improves the efficiency of the pyrolysis equipment in decomposing materials. Thus, by setting up a double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2 next to the pyrolysis equipment 1, this invention not only solves the problem of low-temperature discharge of the remaining high-temperature material but also makes reasonable and full use of the thermal energy in the remaining high-temperature material, avoiding energy waste, improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis equipment 1, and reducing the production and operating costs of the pyrolysis equipment 1. The oil and gas outlet is used to discharge the oil, water and gas that are decomposed after the raw low-temperature material is heated. The discharged oil, water and gas enter the oil and gas collection and separation system, which separates the oil, water and gas for easy recycling. Figure 1 The diagram shows a pyrolysis device and a double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2 connected by a docking method. The arrows in the diagram indicate the transfer direction of the remaining high-temperature material and the original low-temperature material. The transfer directions of the remaining high-temperature material and the original low-temperature material in the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2 are opposite, that is, the remaining high-temperature material is transferred from left to right in the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2, and the original low-temperature material is transferred from right to left in the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2. Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the back-to-back connection between the pyrolysis equipment and the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2. Figure 4The remaining high-temperature material and the original low-temperature material are transported in the same direction in the double-layer heat exchange box 2, that is, they are both transported from left to right in the double-layer heat exchange box 2.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the structure of the pyrolysis equipment includes:

[0047] The pyrolysis furnace 1 is provided with a slag outlet 102 and a feed inlet 101. The slag outlet 102 is connected to the high-temperature material inlet 32 ​​of the double-layer heat exchange box 2, and the feed inlet 101 is connected to the low-temperature material outlet 43.

[0048] A heating chamber 5 is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and multiple sets of burners 6 are fixedly installed in the heating chamber 5.

[0049] A multi-layered conveyor belt 7 is staggered inside the pyrolysis furnace 1. Each set of conveyor belts 7 is connected to a drive wheel 71. One end of the uppermost conveyor belt 71 is located below the feed inlet 101, and one end of the lowermost conveyor belt is located at the slag outlet 102. A drive motor 8 is located outside the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the motor shaft of the drive motor 8 extends into the pyrolysis furnace 1 and is fixedly connected to the drive wheel 71.

[0050] The preheated raw cryogenic material in the double-layer heat exchange box 2 enters the pyrolysis furnace through the feed inlet and enters the surface of the uppermost conveyor belt 7. The drive motor 8 drives the conveyor belt to move, thereby conveying the raw cryogenic material within the pyrolysis furnace 1. The raw cryogenic material is conveyed and falls layer by layer within the pyrolysis furnace. The burners 6 spray flames to heat and decompose the raw cryogenic material. Finally, the raw cryogenic material that has been heated and decomposed becomes the remaining high-temperature material and is discharged through the slag outlet 102. The remaining high-temperature material enters the lower heat exchange chamber 3 of the double-layer heat exchange box 2 through the slag outlet 102, and preheats the next batch of raw cryogenic material that needs to be pyrolyzed. The staggered arrangement of the multi-layer conveyor belts 7 within the pyrolysis furnace 1 realizes the conveying of the raw cryogenic material within the pyrolysis furnace and extends the decomposition residence time of the raw cryogenic material within the pyrolysis furnace 1, resulting in more complete pyrolysis of the raw cryogenic material.

[0051] In the above technical solution, a screw conveyor is connected between the feed inlet 101 of the pyrolysis equipment and the low-temperature material outlet 43 of the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2. The structure of the screw conveyor includes:

[0052] The device housing 10 is provided with a feed port 1001 and a discharge port 1002. The feed port 1001 is connected to the low-temperature material outlet 43 of the double-layer heat exchange box 2, and the discharge port 1002 is connected to the feed inlet 101 of the pyrolysis equipment.

[0053] A drive screw 11 is rotatably mounted in the device housing 10. One end of the drive screw 11 is located near the discharge port 1002 of the device housing 10, and the other end is connected to a motor 12. The preheated raw cryogenic material enters the screw conveyor through the cryogenic material outlet 43 and the feed port 1001. The motor 12 causes the drive screw 11 to rotate, thereby driving the raw cryogenic material towards the discharge port 1002. Therefore, under the action of the drive screw 11, the raw cryogenic material enters the pyrolysis equipment. This arrangement can accelerate the transmission speed of the raw cryogenic material while avoiding a large amount of heat loss.

[0054] In the above technical solution, a heat insulation layer 111 is provided on the outside of the device housing 10. The heat insulation layer 111 has a heat insulation effect on the original low-temperature material inside the device housing 10, which can effectively reduce the heat loss of the original low-temperature material to the outside.

[0055] In the above technical solution, the structure of the oil and gas collection and separation system includes:

[0056] The condenser 13 is connected to the oil and gas outlet 44 via a pipe. The condenser 13 is also connected to the transfer tank 14 via a pipe. The transfer tank 14 is provided with an oil-water outlet 141 and a gas outlet 142.

[0057] The transfer tank 14 is equipped with multiple staggered baffles 15, and a filter screen 16 is installed above the baffles 15. The condenser 13 separates oil, water and gas. The separated oil, water and gas enter the transfer tank 14. The oil and water flow downward along the surface of the baffles 15, thus increasing the flow path of the oil and water and having a certain cooling effect. At the same time, some unseparated oil and water in the gas can condense on the surface of the baffles 15 after encountering them, thereby improving the oil-water separation rate. The filter screen 16 is used to filter out particulate impurities in the oil, water and gas.

[0058] In the above technical solution, the structure of the transfer tank 14 includes a lower tank body 143 and an upper tank body 144. The upper tank body 144 and the lower tank body 143 are connected by a hinge, and an annular sealing groove 145 is provided on the lower tank body 143. An annular sealing ring 17 is provided in the annular sealing groove 145.

[0059] Flange seals 18 are provided at the connection between the upper tank 144 and the lower tank 143, and the flange seals 18 of the upper tank 144 and the lower tank 143 are fixedly connected by bolts. This arrangement facilitates the installation and removal of the filter screen 16, while also ensuring the internal sealing performance of the transfer tank 14.

[0060] In the above technical solution, a limiting layer 146 is provided in the lower tank 143, the filter screen 16 is a circular filter screen, and an installation ring 161 is fixed to the outside of the filter screen 16. The limiting layer 146 and the installation ring 161 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0061] In the above technical solution, the double-layer heat exchange box 2 can be one of square, round, or elliptical shapes; the high-temperature material transfer device 31 and the high-temperature material transfer device 41 are conveyor belts.

[0062] The pyrolysis equipment is a screw-feed pyrolysis furnace 1, which is equipped with a feed inlet 101 and a slag outlet 102. A conveying screw 21 is rotatably mounted inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the conveying screw 21 is connected to a feeding motor 20, which is located outside the pyrolysis furnace 1. In this technical solution, the remaining high-temperature material is driven by the conveying screw to be discharged from the slag outlet into a double-layer transfer heat exchange box 1, while the original low-temperature material, preheated by the double-layer transfer heat exchange box 2, enters the pyrolysis furnace 1 through the feed inlet 101. The heating and decomposition method inside the pyrolysis furnace can be either burner heating or spiral heating tube heating.

[0063] In the above technical solution, the structure of the pyrolysis equipment includes:

[0064] The pyrolysis furnace 1 is provided with a feed inlet 101 and a slag outlet 102, and the pyrolysis furnace 1 is provided with multiple layers of staggered conveyor belts 7.

[0065] A thermal insulation layer 19 is disposed outside the pyrolysis furnace 1, and a spirally arranged electric heating tube 18 is disposed between the thermal insulation layer 19 and the pyrolysis furnace 1. The material inside the pyrolysis furnace is heated by the electric heating tube. Only two pyrolysis furnace structures and two heating methods are listed here. The technical solution provided by the present invention is also applicable to pyrolysis furnaces with other structures.

[0066] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An energy-saving organic thermal decomposition device, characterized in that, include: Thermolysis equipment; A double-layer heat exchange box comprises a lower heat exchange chamber and an upper heat exchange chamber connected to the lower heat exchange chamber. The upper heat exchange chamber is equipped with a low-temperature material transfer device, and the lower heat exchange chamber is equipped with a high-temperature material transfer device. The upper heat exchange chamber has a low-temperature material inlet on one side and a low-temperature material outlet on the other side, the low-temperature material outlet being connected to the feed inlet of a pyrolysis device. The lower heat exchange chamber has a high-temperature material inlet on one side and a tailings outlet on the other side, the high-temperature material inlet being connected to the slag outlet of the pyrolysis device. The upper heat exchange chamber is also provided with an oil and gas outlet, which is connected to an oil and gas collection and separation system. The structure of the pyrolysis device includes: A pyrolysis furnace is provided with a slag outlet and a feed inlet. The slag outlet is connected to the high-temperature material inlet of a double-layer heat exchange box, and the feed inlet is connected to the low-temperature material outlet. A heating chamber is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and multiple sets of burners are fixedly installed in the heating chamber; Multi-layered conveyor belts are staggered inside the pyrolysis furnace. Each set of conveyor belts is connected to a drive wheel. One end of the uppermost conveyor belt is located below the feed inlet, and one end of the lowermost conveyor belt is close to the slag outlet. A drive motor is located outside the pyrolysis furnace, and the motor shaft of the drive motor extends into the pyrolysis furnace and is fixedly connected to the drive wheel. A screw conveyor is connected between the feed inlet of the pyrolysis equipment and the low-temperature material outlet of the double-layer transfer heat exchange box. The structure of the screw conveyor includes: The device housing has an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet port is connected to the low-temperature material outlet of the double-layer heat exchange box, and the outlet port is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis equipment. A drive screw is rotatably mounted in the housing of the device. One end of the drive screw is close to the discharge port of the housing, and the other end is connected to a motor.

2. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device housing is provided with a heat insulation layer.

3. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the oil and gas collection and separation system includes: A condenser is connected to the oil and gas outlet via a pipe. The condenser is also connected to a transfer tank via a pipe. The transfer tank is equipped with a water and oil outlet and a gas outlet. The transfer tank is equipped with multiple staggered baffles, and a filter screen is installed above the baffles.

4. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The structure of the transfer tank includes a lower tank body and an upper tank body. The upper tank body and the lower tank body are connected by a hinge, and an annular sealing groove is provided on the lower tank body. An annular sealing ring is provided in the annular sealing groove. Flange seals are provided at the connection between the upper and lower tank bodies, and the flange seals of the upper and lower tank bodies are fixedly connected by bolts.

5. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The lower tank is provided with a limiting layer, the filter screen is a circular filter screen, and an installation ring is fixed to the outside of the filter screen. The limiting layer and the installation ring are fixedly connected by bolts.

6. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The double-layer heat exchange box is one of square, round, or elliptical shapes; the high-temperature material conveying device and the high-temperature material conveying device are conveyor belts.

7. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis equipment is a screw-feed pyrolysis furnace, which is equipped with a feed inlet and a slag outlet. A conveying screw is rotatably installed in the pyrolysis furnace, and the conveying screw is connected to a feeding motor located outside the pyrolysis furnace.

8. The energy-saving organic thermal decomposition equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the pyrolysis device includes: A pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet and a slag outlet, and the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with multiple layers of staggered conveyor belts. A thermal insulation layer is provided outside the pyrolysis furnace, and a spirally arranged electric heating tube is provided between the thermal insulation layer and the pyrolysis furnace.

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