Suspended body coal mining machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a suspended body coal mining machine, including a fixed reduction box, a bridge structure and an arm, the fixed reduction box includes a fixed reduction box housing and an oil cylinder, a cutting motor and a front-stage cutting transmission mechanism located in its inner cavity, the fixed reduction box housing and the bridge structure are arranged front and back and are detachably fixedly connected to each other, the arm includes an arm housing and a rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the core of the front-stage final gear of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism and the rear-stage first gear of the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism form a spline connection with the help of a spline shaft, the arm housing is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the hinge axis coincides with the center line of the spline connection, the two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively hinged to the fixed reduction box housing and the arm housing, and the oil cylinder is located in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism. The present invention can take into account the problems of loading channel and downhole transportation, and the transmission mechanism is relatively simple, and the overall layout is conducive to improving the center of gravity of the coal mining machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a suspended body coal mining machine which is suitable for mining thin or extremely thin coal seams in a wide mining height range. Background Art

[0002] In the mining of thin coal seam lower limit or extremely thin coal seam conditions, in order to improve the adaptability of the cutting swing rocker arm to the coal seam, the cutting transmission system is usually set to consist of a fixed part with a short structure type containing power and a swing part that outputs power. However, some designs, due to the structure of the drum side loading channel, set part of the transmission of the fixed part above the conveyor trough, which not only affects the coal passing space, but also the front and rear width of the fixed part is too large, and the transportation space down the mine is limited; the rocker arm adopts a conventional structure of the drum with a planetary mechanism, which makes it impossible to use a small drum diameter, making the coal mining machine unsuitable for mining with a lower mining lower limit. There are also designs that set the power and the main deceleration part on the coal wall side in front of the conveyor trough (that is, between the left and right drums). Although the mining height can be lower, the transmission is relatively complex, and the center of gravity of the fixed part and the swing part is relatively biased towards the coal wall, which has a certain adverse effect on the operation of the whole machine, especially under the conditions of the downward mining working face. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a suspended body coal mining machine, which has a wide mining range from low to high, can avoid the problem of difficult transportation down the mine while taking into account the loading channel, and can also improve the center of gravity arrangement of the coal mining machine.

[0004] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] A suspended body coal mining machine comprises a fixed reduction box, a bridge structure and a boom, the fixed reduction box comprising a fixed reduction box housing and a cylinder, a cutting motor and a front-stage cutting transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed reduction box housing, the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a multi-stage large reduction ratio transmission mechanism combining a planetary mechanism and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, the output end of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism is a front-stage final gear, the fixed reduction box housing and the bridge structure are arranged front and back and are detachably fixedly connected to each other, the boom comprises a boom housing and a rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the boom housing comprises an L-shaped transmission box body, the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a one-stage small reduction ratio fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, including a rear-stage first gear, a rear-stage idler gear and a rear-stage gear which are externally meshed in sequence. The wheel axle, the rear-stage first gear is installed inside the free ends of the left and right extension sections of the transmission case, the free ends of the front and rear extension sections of the transmission case are cylindrical, the rear-stage gear shaft is installed in the front and rear extension sections of the transmission case and its terminal end extends forward and outward to expose the free ends of the front and rear extension sections, the terminal end of the rear-stage gear shaft is provided with a roller positioning and mounting structure, the core of the front-stage final gear and the core of the rear-stage first gear are respectively provided with a front-stage spline hole and a rear-stage spline hole, the front-stage final gear and the rear-stage first gear form a spline connection with the aid of a spline shaft, the arm housing is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the hinge axis coincides with the center line of the spline connection, one end of the cylinder is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the other end is hinged to the arm housing, and the cylinder is located in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism.

[0006] The front end surface of the bridge structure is preferably provided with an upper positioning boss and a lower positioning boss which are horizontally protruding forward and extending left and right, as well as a left connecting ear and a right connecting ear which are located on the left and right sides of the upper and lower positioning bosses and extend horizontally forward. The rear end surface of the fixed reduction gearbox housing is provided with a positioning groove which is horizontally concave forward and extending left and right. The left and right sides of the positioning groove are also provided with a left groove and a right groove respectively, and the left and right grooves are each provided with a pin hole which passes through the fixed reduction gearbox housing up and down. The upper plane of the upper positioning boss and the lower plane of the lower positioning boss respectively form positioning matching surfaces with the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the positioning groove, and the left connecting ear and the right connecting ear are respectively inserted into the left groove and the right groove, and the ear hole of the left connecting ear and the pin hole of the left groove simultaneously match with the left positioning pin shaft hole, and the ear hole of the right connecting ear and the pin hole of the right groove simultaneously match with the right positioning pin shaft hole.

[0007] The bridge structure may include an intermediate box body and a left connecting block and a right connecting block which are detachably fixed on the left and right sides of the intermediate box body, respectively; an upper positioning boss and a lower positioning boss are located on the intermediate box body; a left connecting ear and a right connecting ear are located on the left connecting block and the right connecting block, respectively; and an electrical control system of the coal mining machine is arranged in the intermediate box body.

[0008] A guide device is respectively provided at the left and right ends of the rear part of the bridge structure, and the guide device is detachably fixedly connected to the bridge structure. The guide device is preferably provided with a guide groove open at the lower rear part, which is formed by a lower wear-resistant surface, a front wear-resistant surface, an upper wear-resistant surface and a rear wear-resistant surface connected in sequence.

[0009] The arm housing can also include a front support arm and a rear support arm, and the front support arm and the rear support arm are cantilever structures connected to the transmission box body from the front and the rear respectively, and the free ends of the front support arm and the rear support arm are respectively hinged to the front hinge seat and the rear hinge seat on the fixed reduction box housing as front hinge ears and rear hinge ears. The front hinge seat is a double-ear hinge seat, and an opening is provided on the side wall of the fixed reduction box housing between the two connecting ears of the front hinge seat, and an oil cylinder connecting ear is provided on the outside of the front hinge ear, and the oil cylinder connects the ear into the inner cavity of the fixed reduction box housing from the opening, and the oil cylinder is hinged to the arm housing through the oil cylinder connecting ear, and the oil cylinder and the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism are respectively located in different chambers, wherein the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is located at the frontmost side of the fixed reduction box housing, and a side plate is installed on the front side of the fixed reduction box housing, and the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is surrounded by the side plate, the fixed reduction box housing, the front hinge seat and the front hinge ear.

[0010] The front support arm can be L-shaped, the free ends of the left and right extension sections of the front support arm are the free ends of the front support arm, the rear ends of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are connected to the transmission box, the top surfaces of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are preferably inclined, and the height decreases as it is farther away from the free end.

[0011] An upper plate and a lower plate extending toward the arm housing may be provided between the two connecting ears of the front articulated seat, and the upper plate and the lower plate are both part of the fixed reduction gearbox housing, and the outer ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively arranged as an upper inner cylindrical surface and a lower inner cylindrical surface coaxial with the articulation axis of the front articulated seat, and the outside of the front articulated ear is provided with an upper outer cylindrical surface and a lower outer cylindrical surface coaxial with the articulation axis of the front articulated seat, the upper inner cylindrical surface is clearance-fitted with the upper outer cylindrical surface, and the lower inner cylindrical surface is clearance-fitted with the lower outer cylindrical surface, and the circumferential angle formed by the upper inner cylindrical surface and the lower inner cylindrical surface on the side closer to the fixed reduction gearbox housing does not exceed 180 degrees.

[0012] The hinges between the front support arm and the rear support arm and the fixed reduction box housing are respectively lubricated by arranging a front automatic lubrication device and a rear automatic lubrication device.

[0013] The rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat is just embedded between the front supporting arm and the transmission box body and maintains a gap between the front supporting arm and the transmission box body. The front-stage final gear is installed in the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. An annular axial baffle is provided in the inner hole of the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. The front-stage final gear is located behind the axial baffle. The front pin shaft matching the front articulated seat is located in front of the axial baffle. A central through hole is provided in the front pin shaft. A spline sleeve with internal splines and external splines is installed in the front-stage spline hole. The internal splines of the spline sleeve and the rear-stage spline hole are connected to the same spline shaft. The front and rear parts are spline-connected, the internal spline of the spline sleeve is arranged in the inner hole of its rear section, the inner hole of the front section of the spline sleeve is a light hole, a positioning sleeve is installed in the central through hole, the rear end of the positioning sleeve is inserted into the light hole of the spline sleeve, and the front end face core of the spline shaft is axially limited, an annular flange is provided in the middle part of the positioning sleeve, the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange is matched with the inner hole gap of the central through hole and the axial partition at the same time, and a seal is provided between the matching surfaces, and an end face seal is provided between the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat and the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism and / or the transmission box.

[0014] The cutting motor is preferably a 6-pole or 8-pole motor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] When the three machines are coordinated, the bridge structure is located above the conveyor, and the fixed reduction box and the arm are located at the front side of the conveyor, between the left and right rollers, which can adapt to low mining heights, reduce the height of the machine body, and take into account the loading channel. Since the bridge structure and the fixed reduction box are detachably fixedly connected, the problem of limited space during downhole transportation is solved.

[0017] The front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a multi-stage large reduction ratio transmission mechanism that combines a planetary mechanism and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. It bears the main deceleration function of the cutting system. It is large in size and is set in a fixed reduction box without changing its position. The boom only needs to adopt a one-stage small reduction ratio transmission. It is small in size and is set behind the drum and swings with the boom. It will not cause interference between the boom and the coal platform during top picking operations.

[0018] Since the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism contains heavy components such as planetary mechanisms, the cylinder occupies a large space but is light in weight. By setting the cavity occupied by the cylinder in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the overall center of gravity of the coal mining machine can be shifted toward the mining side, which is closer to the support leg (or shovel plate) than the center of gravity of the coal mining machine with existing structure, thereby improving the stability of the coal mining machine in both stationary and walking states.

[0019] The upper positioning boss, the lower positioning boss and the positioning groove form a flat stop for positioning in the upper and lower directions. When positioned and connected, the supporting surface is longer and the stress condition is better. Combined with the pin positioning on the left and right sides, a reliable connection between the fixed reducer and the bridge structure can be achieved.

[0020] The bridge structure adopts a structure with several parts separated on the left and right, and the upper positioning boss and the lower positioning boss are arranged on the middle box body, and the left and right connecting ears are arranged on the left and right connecting blocks. When the connecting ear on one side is damaged, it is only necessary to replace the connecting block on the corresponding side, and the middle box body can still work reliably and will not be scrapped due to damage to the connecting ear on any side. Therefore, the service life is long and the maintenance cost is significantly reduced. When a wider conveyor is required, only the left and right connecting blocks and the corresponding connecting parts can be replaced to achieve a longer production cycle. Since the middle box body remains unchanged, it means that the electrical control system of the coal mining machine remains unchanged, so there is no need to reapply for the safety standard.

[0021] The rear bottom surface of the intermediate box is set to a horizontal plane, and the rear part is flat as a whole, that is, the thickness in the vertical direction is small, at least much smaller than the front part, so that the coal passing space will not be affected even if a wider conveyor is matched. In addition, the middle bottom surface of the intermediate box can still be set to an arched curved surface to increase the coal passing space.

[0022] The front-stage cutting transmission mechanism transmits power to the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism through a spline connection structure. Since a plurality of spline connection structures with side clearance are adopted, the radial floating amount is increased, and since the related parts forming the spline connection structure can be automatically centered, the radial deviation at both ends of the axial direction of the transmission parts caused by the wear of the rotating support surfaces has little effect on the transmission engagement, and the transmission structure between the front and rear-stage cutting transmission mechanisms has improved adaptability to the wear of the rotating support surfaces at both ends of the axial direction, so the reliability of power transmission between the rocker arm and the fixed reduction box can be significantly improved.

[0023] Since the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a high-speed planetary mechanism and a 6-pole or 8-pole motor, the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism can be made simpler and contribute to its miniaturization.

[0024] A relatively closed chamber is formed by the side panels, the fixed reduction box housing, the front articulated seat and the front articulated ear, and upper and lower cylindrical clearances are arranged at the mouth of the front articulated ear inserted into the fixed reduction box housing, so that the chamber where the cylinder is located is better sealed without affecting the swing of the boom housing, thereby effectively isolating foreign matter such as coal powder, thereby ensuring that a good working environment is always maintained in the chamber where the cylinder is located, and improving the reliability of the cylinder's operation.

[0025] The front stage final gear is installed in the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat, and the internal space is functionally partitioned by setting an axial baffle, so that the structure of the connection between the arm housing and the fixed reduction box housing is simplified and compact as much as possible. By setting the front pin shaft as a hollow structure, on the one hand, sufficient disassembly and assembly space is provided for the spline shaft, and the disassembly and assembly space is located on the side of the drum, which does not occupy the coal passage and does not affect the coal passing; on the other hand, when the coal mining machine rocker arm is in normal use, the disassembly and assembly space can be used to install a positioning structure to axially limit the spline shaft, achieving multiple goals at one stroke.

[0026] Since the cylinder connecting ear is relatively close to the hinge axis between the boom housing and the fixed reduction box housing, the force arm that drives the boom housing to swing is shorter, and correspondingly the swing angle range of the boom housing is larger, which is equivalent to a wider range of mining heights that can be achieved. Setting the top surfaces of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm as inclined surfaces can prevent the boom from interfering with the top coal platform when swinging upward, so that the boom has a larger upper swing limit. Setting the front and rear extension sections of the boom as a cylindrical housing combined with an internal gear shaft structure has a simple structure, can be matched with a small diameter roller, is suitable for mining low mining height coal seams, and is also convenient for maintenance. It can be seen that the present invention achieves a mining range with a higher upper limit and a lower lower limit by optimizing multiple different structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A top view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a left side view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the bridge structure;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the boom described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 CC section view;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A top view of the fixed reduction gearbox;

[0035] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the connection between the front and rear cutting transmission mechanisms;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the guide device.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Boom; 11. Boom housing; 111. Transmission box; 112. Front support arm; 1121. Inclined surface; 1122. Cylinder connecting ear; 1123. Upper outer cylindrical surface; 1124. Lower outer cylindrical surface; 113. Rear support arm; 14. Front automatic lubrication device; 15. Rear automatic lubrication device;

[0039] 2. Fixed reduction gearbox; 21. Fixed reduction gearbox housing; 211. Front articulated seat; 2111. Front connecting ear of the front articulated seat; 2112. Rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat; 2113. Upper inner cylindrical surface; 2114. Lower inner cylindrical surface; 212. Rear articulated seat; 213. Axial baffle; 214. Upper plate; 215. Lower plate; 216. Positioning groove; 2161. Upper groove wall; 2162. Lower groove wall; 22. Front pin shaft; 23. Rear pin shaft; 26. Positioning sleeve; 27. Sealing ring; 28. Sealing ring; 29. ​​Side plate;

[0040] 3. Roller;

[0041] 4. Oil cylinder;

[0042] 51. Spline shaft; 52. Spline sleeve;

[0043] 6. Bridge structure; 61. Upper positioning boss; 62. Lower positioning boss; 63. Left connecting ear; 64. Right connecting ear; 65. Left positioning pin; 66. Right positioning pin; 67. Guide device; 671. Lower wear-resistant surface; 672. Front wear-resistant surface; 673. Upper wear-resistant surface; 674. Rear wear-resistant surface;

[0044] 7. Cutting motor;

[0045] 81. Planetary mechanism; 82. Front stage final gear; 821. Front stage spline hole;

[0046] 91. Rear stage first gear; 911. Rear stage spline hole; 92. Rear stage idler gear; 93. Rear stage gear shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention discloses a suspended body coal mining machine, such as Figure 1-10As shown, it includes a fixed reduction box 2, a bridge structure 6 and a boom 1. The fixed reduction box includes a fixed reduction box housing 21 and an oil cylinder 4, a cutting motor 7 and a front-stage cutting transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed reduction box housing, and the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism. The front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a multi-stage large reduction ratio transmission mechanism combining a planetary mechanism 81 and a fixed axis gear transmission mechanism. The output end of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism is a front-stage final gear 82, and the front-stage final gear is installed in the fixed reduction box housing through a bearing rotation support. The fixed reduction box housing and the bridge structure are arranged front and back and are detachably fixedly connected to each other. The boom includes a boom housing 11 and a rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism. The boom housing includes an L-shaped transmission box body 111. The rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a one-stage small reduction ratio fixed axis gear transmission mechanism, including a rear-stage first gear 91, a rear-stage idler gear 92 and a rear-stage gear shaft 93 that are meshed externally in sequence. The rear-stage first gear is rotatably supported and installed inside the free ends of the left and right extensions of the transmission case through bearings, and the rear-stage idler is rotatably supported on the rear-stage idler shaft through bearings, and the rear-stage idler shaft is fixedly installed in the left and right extensions of the transmission case. The free ends of the front and rear extensions of the transmission case are cylindrical, and the rear-stage gear shaft is installed on the front and rear extensions of the transmission case, and its terminal end extends forward and outward to expose the free ends of the front and rear extensions. The terminal end of the rear-stage gear shaft is provided with a roller positioning and mounting structure for mounting the roller 3. When installing the roller, the roller is sleeved on the front and rear extensions of the transmission case, and the front part of the roller is coaxially connected to the rear-stage gear shaft through the roller positioning and mounting structure. The connection structure is simple and can be matched with rollers of very small diameters. Therefore, it can adapt to the mining of low-mining coal seams and is more convenient for maintenance. The core of the front-stage final gear and the core of the rear-stage first gear are respectively provided with a front-stage spline hole 821 and a rear-stage spline hole 911. The front-stage final gear and the rear-stage first gear can form a spline connection with the help of a spline shaft 51 to realize the transmission of power from the front-stage final gear to the rear-stage first gear. The relevant parts of the spline connection structure can be automatically centered, so the radial offset caused by the wear of the rotating support surface at both ends of the axial direction of the transmission parts has little effect on the transmission meshing, so the reliability of power transmission between the boom and the fixed reduction box can be significantly improved. The boom housing is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the hinge axis coincides with the center line of the spline connection. One end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the other end is hinged to one end of the boom housing close to the rear-stage first gear, and the boom housing is driven to swing on a fixed axis by the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder. The oil cylinder is located in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism.

[0048] When the three machines are coordinated, the bridge structure is located above the conveyor, and the fixed reduction box and the boom are both located on the front side of the conveyor, between the left and right rollers, which can adapt to low mining heights. Since the bridge structure and the fixed reduction box are detachably and fixedly connected, the problem of limited space during downhole transportation is solved. The front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a multi-stage large reduction ratio transmission mechanism that combines a planetary mechanism and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. It bears the main deceleration function of the cutting system. It is large in size and is set in the fixed reduction box without changing its position. The boom only needs to adopt a one-stage small reduction ratio transmission. It is small in size and is set behind the roller to swing with the boom. It will not cause interference between the boom and the coal platform during top-picking operations.

[0049] By arranging the oil cylinder which occupies a larger space but is significantly lighter than the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism, especially the heavier components therein such as the planetary mechanism, can be placed as close to the support leg (or conveyor shovel plate) as possible, so that the overall center of gravity of the coal mining machine is shifted toward the mining side compared with the existing structure, thereby improving the stability of the coal mining machine in both stationary and moving states.

[0050] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the front end surface of the bridge structure is preferably provided with an upper positioning boss 61 and a lower positioning boss 62 that are horizontally convex and extend left and right, and a left connecting ear 63 and a right connecting ear 64 that extend forward and horizontally on the left and right sides of the upper and lower positioning bosses. A positioning groove 216 that is horizontally concave forward and extends left and right is provided on the rear end surface of the fixed reduction box housing. The left and right sides of the positioning groove are also provided with a left groove and a right groove, respectively, and the left and right grooves are each provided with a pin hole that passes through the fixed reduction box housing from top to bottom. The upper plane of the upper positioning boss and the lower plane of the lower positioning boss form positioning matching surfaces with the upper groove wall 2161 and the lower groove wall 2162 of the positioning groove, respectively. The left connecting ear and the right connecting ear are respectively inserted into the left groove and the right groove, and the ear hole of the left connecting ear and the pin hole of the left groove are simultaneously matched with the shaft hole of the left positioning pin 65, and the ear hole of the right connecting ear and the pin hole of the right groove are simultaneously matched with the shaft hole of the right positioning pin 66. The upper positioning boss, the lower positioning boss and the positioning groove form a flat stop for positioning in the upper and lower directions. When positioned and connected, the supporting surface is longer and the stress condition is better. Combined with the pin positioning on the left and right sides, a reliable connection between the fixed reducer and the bridge structure can be achieved.

[0051] Part or all of the top surface of the bridge structure is preferably set as a slope with a high front and a low back. When the three machines are coordinated, sufficient clearance can be maintained between the coal mining machine body and the top beam of the support, thereby meeting the mining needs of undulating roof and floor plates, coal gangue, etc., and ensuring the smooth mining of extremely thin or thin coal seams in complex conditions such as coal rock.

[0052] The bridge structure may include an intermediate box body and a left connecting block and a right connecting block which are detachably fixed to the left and right sides of the intermediate box body, respectively. The upper positioning boss and the lower positioning boss are located on the intermediate box body, and the left connecting ear and the right connecting ear are located on the left connecting block and the right connecting block, respectively. When the connecting ear on one side is damaged, only the connecting block on the corresponding side needs to be replaced, and the intermediate box body can still work reliably and will not be scrapped due to the damage of the connecting ear on any side. Therefore, the service life is long and the maintenance cost is significantly reduced. The rear bottom surface of the intermediate box body is set to a horizontal plane, and the rear part is flat as a whole, that is, the thickness in the up and down directions is small, at least much smaller than the front part, so even if a wider conveyor is matched, the coal passing space will not be affected. In addition, the middle bottom surface of the intermediate box body can be set to a horizontal plane or an arched curved surface. When it is set to an arched curved surface, the coal passing space can also be increased. When a wider conveyor is needed, the intermediate box body can also be kept unchanged, and only the left and right connecting blocks and corresponding connecting parts are replaced to achieve a longer production cycle. The electric control system of the coal mining machine can be set in the intermediate box body.

[0053] The left and right ends of the rear portion of the bridge structure are each provided with a guide device 67 (see Fig.10 ), the guide device is detachably fixedly connected to the bridge structure, and the guide device is provided with a guide groove which is open at the rear bottom and extends left and right and is surrounded by the lower wear-resistant surface 671, the front wear-resistant surface 672, the upper wear-resistant surface 673 and the rear wear-resistant surface 674 in sequence. The guide groove is used to slide with the guide structure on the conveyor to support and guide the body of the coal mining machine during its movement. A drag chain device can also be provided at the rear of the bridge structure for connecting a drag chain.

[0054] A counterweight device can also be installed on the left and right side end surfaces of the bridge structure to improve the overall force stability of the coal mining machine. At the same time, since the counterweight can be disassembled, it does not affect the disassembly and assembly of the pin shaft at the hinge between the arm and the fixed reduction box housing.

[0055] like Figure 6As shown, the arm housing 11 may also include a front support arm 112 and a rear support arm 113, which are cantilever structures connected to the transmission housing from the front and rear, respectively. The free ends of the front support arm and the rear support arm are respectively hinged to the front hinge seat 211 and the rear hinge seat 212 on the fixed reduction box housing as the front hinge ear and the rear hinge ear, and the two hinges are respectively penetrated by the front pin 22 and the rear pin 23. The top surface of the front support arm and the rear support arm is preferably not higher than the top surface of the left and right extension sections of the transmission housing, and the bottom surface of the front support arm and the rear support arm is preferably not lower than the bottom surface of the left and right extension sections of the transmission housing, that is, the upper and lower thicknesses of the front support arm and the rear support arm are both smaller than the transmission housing, which can avoid the interference of the front support arm and the rear support arm with the top coal platform when the arm housing is in the upper cutting limit position, so that the mining height can be higher. For the mining of extremely thin or thin coal seams, the arm can meet both the lower mining limit and the higher mining limit, thus forming a wider mining range and being applicable to short-body coal mining machines. In this embodiment, the front support arm, the rear support arm and the transmission box are an integrated structure.

[0056] Since the support connection points formed between the boom housing and the fixed reduction box housing are located in front of and behind the power transmission connection points of the front and rear cutting transmission mechanisms, respectively, the radial displacement caused by wear at the front and rear support connection points has less impact on the power transmission connection point between the two, so the support connection structure can provide a more reliable guarantee for the transmission of cutting power. On the other hand, the average force point of the drum is located between the front and rear support connection points, and the force state of the boom housing is better.

[0057] The front articulated seat and the rear articulated seat are both double-ear articulated seats, and an opening is provided on the side wall of the fixed reduction box housing between the two connecting ears of the front articulated seat. The outside of the front articulated ear (i.e., the free end of the front support arm) is provided with a cylinder connecting ear 1122, and the cylinder connecting ear extends from the opening into the inner cavity of the fixed reduction box housing. The cylinder 4 is hinged to the arm housing through the cylinder connecting ear. Since the cylinder connecting ear is relatively close to the hinge axis between the arm housing and the fixed reduction box housing, the force arm driving the arm housing to swing is shorter, and accordingly, the swing angle range of the arm housing is larger, which is equivalent to a wider range of mining heights that can be achieved. The cylinder and the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism are respectively located in different chambers, wherein the chamber where the cylinder is located is located at the frontmost side of the fixed reduction box housing. A side plate 29 is installed on the front side of the fixed reduction box housing, and the chamber where the cylinder is located is surrounded by the side plate, the fixed reduction box housing, the front articulated seat and the front articulated ear. Placing the oil cylinder in an independent chamber can provide a good working environment for the oil cylinder to swing and improve the reliability of the oil cylinder. Since the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is a cavity, arranging it at the front side of the fixed reduction box housing can make room for installation further back for other structures, which is conducive to the center of gravity of the coal mining machine to shift to the support legs or conveyor shovel board, thereby improving the stability of the coal mining machine.

[0058] The front support arm can be L-shaped, and the free ends of the left and right extension sections of the front support arm are the free ends of the front support arm. The rear ends of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are connected to the transmission box. The top surfaces of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are inclined surfaces 1121, and the farther away from the free end, the lower the height, that is, the closer to the drum, the lower the height, so that the arm will not interfere with the top coal platform when swinging up, so that the arm has a larger upper limit of swinging, thereby achieving a higher upper limit mining range.

[0059] The two connecting ears of the front hinge seat are preferably provided with an upper plate 214 and a lower plate 215 extending outward toward the arm housing (see Figure 7 ), the upper plate and the lower plate are both part of the fixed reducer housing, for example, they can be the continued extension of the top plate and the bottom plate of the fixed reducer housing, and the upper plate and the lower plate and the two connecting ears of the front hinge seat form a space opening from the four directions of up, down, front and back. Compared with the simple plane opening, the above-mentioned space opening is used in combination with the front hinge ear, and the passage leading to the outside from the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is narrower, which is more conducive to maintaining a good working environment in the chamber where the oil cylinder is located. The farthest extension of the upper plate and the lower plate in the left and right directions should be controlled not to exceed the center of the front hinge seat. For the space opening, the upper plate and the lower plate can be further configured to have a gradually shrinking structure at the extended end to minimize the entry of coal powder and the like into the oil cylinder installation chamber. When the space is opened, it is equivalent to that the spatial range of the oil cylinder installation chamber is expanded outward to a certain extent, so the outer end of the front hinge ear is also usually located in the chamber where the oil cylinder is located.

[0060] Furthermore, the outer ends of the upper plate and the lower plate can be respectively configured as an upper inner cylindrical surface 2113 and a lower inner cylindrical surface 2114 coaxial with the hinge axis of the front hinge seat, and the outer portion of the front hinge ear is provided with an upper outer cylindrical surface 1123 and a lower outer cylindrical surface 1124 coaxial with the hinge axis of the front hinge seat. The upper inner cylindrical surface is clearance-matched with the upper outer cylindrical surface, and the lower inner cylindrical surface is clearance-matched with the lower outer cylindrical surface. The clearance matching of these two places does not affect the swing of the boom housing, and also makes the only channel of the chamber where the oil cylinder is located that communicates with the outside relatively closed, which can better isolate foreign matter such as coal powder, thereby ensuring that a good working environment is always maintained in the chamber where the oil cylinder is located. The upper inner cylindrical surface, the lower inner cylindrical surface, the upper outer cylindrical surface and the lower outer cylindrical surface are all non-full-circle cylindrical surfaces, but the central angles corresponding to the upper outer cylindrical surface and the lower outer cylindrical surface are much larger than the central angles corresponding to the upper inner cylindrical surface and the lower inner cylindrical surface, so as to ensure that the above two clearances are always effective during the swinging process of the boom housing, so that the cylinder installation cavity can always be kept clean. The circumferential angle formed by the upper inner cylindrical surface and the lower inner cylindrical surface on the side closer to the fixed reduction box housing does not exceed 180 degrees, so as to ensure the smooth connection and installation between the front articulation ear and the front articulation seat. In the chamber where the cylinder is located, the upper outer cylindrical surface and the lower outer cylindrical surface are separated by the cylinder connection ear.

[0061] The hinges between the front support arm and the rear support arm and the fixed reduction gearbox housing can also be lubricated by respectively setting up a front automatic lubrication device 14 and a rear automatic lubrication device 15 to ensure automatic, effective and long-term lubrication of the support load-bearing surface, reduce wear and extend the service life of the support connection point.

[0062] Furthermore, the rear connecting ear 2112 of the front articulated seat is just embedded between the front support arm and the transmission housing and maintains a gap therebetween to ensure that the rear connecting ear 2112 can swing relative to the arm housing. Fig. 9As shown, the front-stage final gear is installed in the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. An annular axial baffle 213 is provided in the inner hole of the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat, and the front pin shaft matched with the front articulated seat is located in front of the axial baffle. In this embodiment, the axial baffle is a part of the entity of the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat, and is a circular ring structure protruding radially toward the center of the ear hole, which is used to functionally partition the internal space of the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. A central through hole is provided in the front pin shaft. A spline sleeve 52 with internal splines and external splines is installed in the front-stage spline hole. The internal splines of the spline sleeve and the rear-stage spline hole are spline-connected with the front and rear parts of the same spline shaft 51. The internal splines of the spline sleeve are arranged in the rear section inner hole, and the front section inner hole of the spline sleeve is a light hole. A positioning sleeve 26 is installed in the central through hole, and the positioning sleeve is cup-shaped, and the rear end is a sealing end. The rear end of the positioning sleeve is inserted into the light hole of the spline sleeve through the axial baffle, and the core of the front end face of the spline shaft 51 is axially limited. In this embodiment, a wear-resistant pad is fixed to the rear end of the positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve axially limits the spline shaft with the help of the wear-resistant pad. The spline shaft contacts and rotates relative to the wear-resistant pad. The positioning sleeve is axially limited in the central through hole by the front end cover fixed on the front connecting ear 2111 of the front hinge seat. The positioning sleeve does not contact the spline sleeve. An annular flange is provided in the middle of the positioning sleeve, and the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange is matched with the inner hole gap of the central through hole and the axial baffle at the same time, and a seal is provided between the matching surfaces. In this embodiment, a sealing groove is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange, in which a sealing ring 27 is installed, and the sealing between the positioning sleeve and the rear connecting ear of the front pin shaft and the front hinge seat is achieved through the sealing ring, so as to prevent impurities such as water and coal powder from entering the spline connection structure from the front end. An end face seal is provided between the rear connecting ear 2112 of the front articulated seat and the left and right extension sections of the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism and / or the transmission box (for example, a sealing groove is provided on the front end face of the transmission box and a sealing ring 28 is installed) to prevent impurities such as water and coal powder from entering the spline connection structure from the rear end.

[0063] The seal between the annular flange and the central through hole and the axial baffle and the aforementioned end face seal can ensure the cleanliness and original lubrication of the spline connection structure, thereby increasing the service life of the spline connection structure. When the spline shaft 51 is worn, the positioning sleeve 26 is first removed from the front side to vacate the cylindrical space in front of the spline shaft 51, and the spline shaft can be smoothly disassembled and replaced. In addition, the cylindrical space is located on the side of the drum and does not occupy the upper space of the coal passage of the conveying trough, so it does not affect coal passing and mining.

[0064] The cutting motor preferably adopts a 6-pole or 8-pole motor with a lower output speed. Combined with the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopting a planetary mechanism 81, the reduction ratio is relatively large, which can make the structure of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism simpler and is conducive to the miniaturization of the transmission system.

[0065] The front and back directions in this paper correspond to Figure 1 Up and down direction.

Claims

1. A suspended body coal mining machine, characterized in that: It includes a fixed reduction box, a bridge structure and a boom, the fixed reduction box includes a fixed reduction box housing and a cylinder, a cutting motor and a front-stage cutting transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed reduction box housing, the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a multi-stage large reduction ratio transmission mechanism combining a planetary mechanism and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, the output end of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism is a front-stage final gear, the fixed reduction box housing and the bridge structure are arranged front and back and are detachably fixedly connected to each other, the boom includes a boom housing and a rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism, the boom housing includes an L-shaped transmission box body, the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism adopts a one-stage small reduction ratio fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, including a rear-stage first gear, a rear-stage idler gear and a rear-stage gear shaft that are externally meshed in sequence, the The rear-stage first gear is installed inside the free ends of the left and right extension sections of the transmission case, the free ends of the front and rear extension sections of the transmission case are cylindrical, the rear-stage gear shaft is installed in the front and rear extension sections of the transmission case, and its terminal end extends forward and outward to expose the free ends of the front and rear extension sections, the terminal end of the rear-stage gear shaft is provided with a roller positioning and mounting structure, the core of the front-stage final gear and the core of the rear-stage first gear are respectively provided with a front-stage spline hole and a rear-stage spline hole, the front-stage final gear and the rear-stage first gear form a spline connection with the aid of a spline shaft, the arm housing is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the hinge axis coincides with the center line of the spline connection, one end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed reduction box housing, and the other end is hinged to the arm housing, and the oil cylinder is located in front of the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism.

2. The suspended body coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end surface of the bridge structure is provided with an upper positioning boss and a lower positioning boss which are horizontally protruding forward and extending left and right, as well as a left connecting ear and a right connecting ear which are located on the left and right sides of the upper and lower positioning bosses and extend horizontally forward. The rear end surface of the fixed reduction gearbox housing is provided with a positioning groove which is horizontally concave forward and extending left and right. The left and right sides of the positioning groove are also provided with a left groove and a right groove respectively, and the left and right grooves are respectively provided with a pin hole which passes through the fixed reduction gearbox housing up and down. The upper plane of the upper positioning boss and the lower plane of the lower positioning boss respectively form positioning matching surfaces with the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the positioning groove, and the left connecting ear and the right connecting ear are respectively inserted into the left groove and the right groove, and the ear hole of the left connecting ear and the pin hole of the left groove are simultaneously matched with the left positioning pin shaft hole, and the ear hole of the right connecting ear and the pin hole of the right groove are simultaneously matched with the right positioning pin shaft hole.

3. The suspended body coal mining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bridge structure includes an intermediate box body and a left connecting block and a right connecting block which are detachably fixed on the left and right sides of the intermediate box body respectively, an upper positioning boss and a lower positioning boss are located on the intermediate box body, a left connecting ear and a right connecting ear are located on the left connecting block and the right connecting block respectively, and an electrical control system of the coal mining machine is arranged in the intermediate box body.

4. The suspended-body coal mining machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A guide device is respectively provided at the left and right ends of the rear part of the bridge structure. The guide device is detachably fixedly connected to the bridge structure. The guide device is provided with a guide groove which is open at the lower rear part and is surrounded by a lower wear-resistant surface, a front wear-resistant surface, an upper wear-resistant surface and a rear wear-resistant surface in sequence.

5. The suspended-body coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arm housing also includes a front support arm and a rear support arm, and the front support arm and the rear support arm are cantilever structures connected to the transmission box body from the front and the rear respectively, and the free ends of the front support arm and the rear support arm are respectively hinged to the front hinge seat and the rear hinge seat on the fixed reduction box housing as front hinge ears and rear hinge ears. The front hinge seat is a double-ear hinge seat, and an opening is provided on the side wall of the fixed reduction box housing between the two connecting ears of the front hinge seat, and an oil cylinder connecting ear is provided on the outside of the front hinge ear, and the oil cylinder connects the ear to the inner cavity of the fixed reduction box housing from the opening, and the oil cylinder is hinged to the arm housing through the oil cylinder connecting ear, and the oil cylinder and the front-stage cutting transmission mechanism are respectively located in different chambers, wherein the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is located at the frontmost side of the fixed reduction box housing, and a side plate is installed on the front side of the fixed reduction box housing, and the chamber where the oil cylinder is located is surrounded by the side plate, the fixed reduction box housing, the front hinge seat and the front hinge ear.

6. The suspended body coal mining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front support arm is L-shaped, the free ends of the left and right extension sections of the front support arm are the free ends of the front support arm, the rear ends of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are connected to the transmission box, the top surfaces of the front and rear extension sections of the front support arm are inclined, and the height decreases as it is farther away from the free end.

7. The suspended body coal mining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: An upper plate and a lower plate extending toward the arm housing are provided between the two connecting ears of the front articulated seat, and the upper plate and the lower plate are both part of the fixed reduction gearbox housing, and the outer ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively arranged as an upper inner cylindrical surface and a lower inner cylindrical surface coaxial with the articulation axis of the front articulated seat, and the outside of the front articulated ear is provided with an upper outer cylindrical surface and a lower outer cylindrical surface coaxial with the articulation axis of the front articulated seat, the upper inner cylindrical surface is clearance-fitted with the upper outer cylindrical surface, and the lower inner cylindrical surface is clearance-fitted with the lower outer cylindrical surface, and the circumferential angle formed by the upper inner cylindrical surface and the lower inner cylindrical surface on the side closer to the fixed reduction gearbox housing does not exceed 180 degrees.

8. The suspended-body coal mining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinges between the front support arm and the rear support arm and the fixed reduction box housing are respectively lubricated by arranging a front automatic lubrication device and a rear automatic lubrication device.

9. The suspended-body coal mining machine according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: The rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat is just embedded between the front supporting arm and the transmission box body and maintains a gap between the front supporting arm and the transmission box body. The front-stage final gear is installed in the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. An annular axial baffle is provided in the inner hole of the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat. The front-stage final gear is located behind the axial baffle. The front pin shaft matching the front articulated seat is located in front of the axial baffle. A central through hole is provided in the front pin shaft. A spline sleeve with internal splines and external splines is installed in the front-stage spline hole. The internal splines of the spline sleeve and the rear-stage spline hole are connected to the same spline shaft. The front and rear parts are spline-connected, the internal spline of the spline sleeve is arranged in the inner hole of its rear section, the inner hole of the front section of the spline sleeve is a light hole, a positioning sleeve is installed in the central through hole, the rear end of the positioning sleeve is inserted into the light hole of the spline sleeve, and the front end face core of the spline shaft is axially limited, an annular flange is provided in the middle part of the positioning sleeve, the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange is matched with the inner hole gap of the central through hole and the axial partition at the same time, and a seal is provided between the matching surfaces, and an end face seal is provided between the rear connecting ear of the front articulated seat and the rear-stage cutting transmission mechanism and / or the transmission box.

10. The suspended-body coal mining machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that: The cutting motor is a 6-pole or 8-pole motor.

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