An experimental model and method for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment ecological governance, and particularly relates to an experimental model and method for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment. The water inlet end of the chute device is communicated with the water outlet of the water storage device. A first lifting structure is connected to the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device. A tail water pool is connected to the water outlet end of the chute device. A pressure water pump is arranged in the water inlet pool. The pressure water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device through a pipeline. An inlet valve is connected to the pipeline where the pressure water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device. The model of the present invention obtains an optimized configuration combination of multiple factors with the strongest anti-scouring performance, and then applies the determined optimized configuration combination of multiple factors with the best anti-scouring performance to the design of the honeycomb confinement system ecological revetment, so as to promote the popularization and application of the honeycomb confinement system in water environment governance projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment ecological governance, and particularly relates to an experimental model and method for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb constrained ecological revetment. Background Art

[0002] In past river regulation and construction projects, traditional revetments were mostly used. Traditional revetments are often limited by basic functions such as flood control, water diversion, and shipping. Hard materials such as grouted rubble, rigid retaining walls, and cast-in-place concrete retaining walls are usually adopted. While meeting the requirements of slope stability and flood control safety, the ecological functions of rivers are ignored.

[0003] In recent years, in river regulation, the design of ecological revetments needs to consider diverse requirements such as slope safety and stability, ecological protection, and green landscape creation. The engineering materials for ecological revetments are mostly plants or natural engineering materials, mainly ensuring that water, soil, and plants can be interconnected, and striving to achieve no damage to the natural adaptation channels of water and soil, naturalization of revetment materials, and rationalization of investment. With the gradual enhancement of environmental protection awareness, ecological revetments have been more and more widely applied.

[0004] The vigorous development of materials science has greatly expanded the materials available for ecological revetments. As a new type of geosynthetic material, the honeycomb constraint system has characteristics such as water permeability, soil conservation, soil fixation, and improvement of load-bearing performance, and has been more and more widely applied in ecological revetment projects. However, it has not been widely promoted yet. The anti-scouring characteristics of the honeycomb cells in the honeycomb constraint system have not been fully studied and proven. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an experimental model to study the anti-scouring performance of honeycomb cells, so as to provide a basis for the slope design of water environment governance projects using the honeycomb constraint system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention improves the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an experimental model and method for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb constrained ecological revetment, especially having the characteristic of providing a basis for the slope design of water environment governance projects using the honeycomb constraint system.

[0006] The technical problems solved by the present invention can be realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] An experimental model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment, comprising a water storage device, a chute device, a tail water pool, and a water inlet pool. The water inlet end of the chute device is communicated with the water outlet of the water storage device. A honeycomb confinement system plate for simulating an actual honeycomb confinement bank slope is arranged in the chute device. A plurality of support frames are connected to the bottom of the chute device. A first lifting structure is connected to the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device. The water outlet end of the chute device is connected to the tail water pool. The water inlet pool is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device through a pipeline. A pressure water pump is arranged in the water inlet pool. The pressure water pump is communicated with the pipeline, and a water inlet valve is connected to the pipeline where the pressure water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device. The water outlet of the water storage device is arranged at the bottom of the water storage device.

[0008] Further, a water level observation port is arranged on the side wall of the water storage device, and a water level observation pipe is hermetically connected to the water level observation port.

[0009] Further, the chute device includes a transition section, a test section, and a tail section, which are fixedly connected in sequence. The structures of the transition section and the tail section are the same. A groove is arranged in the test section, and the honeycomb confinement system plate is placed in the groove.

[0010] Further, a pressure section is arranged at the water outlet of the water storage device. The pressure section and the chute device are hermetically connected through a flexible member. The pressure section is an integrally formed cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The end face structure of the pressure section is the same as that of the transition section, and the two are hermetically connected through a flexible member.

[0011] Further, a rotating shaft structure is also connected to the bottom of the water inlet end of the chute device, and the bottom of the rotating shaft structure is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0012] Further, the transition section, the test section, and the tail section are all groove structures with openings at both ends and the top. Horizontal plane sections are arranged at the bottoms of the transition section, the test section, and the tail section, and adjustable plane sections connected to one side of the horizontal plane section are arranged. A first water retaining section is vertically connected to the other side of the horizontal plane section. One side of the horizontal plane section at the bottom of the transition section, the test section, and the tail section is movably connected to one side of the adjustable plane section. A second water retaining section is vertically arranged on the side where the adjustable plane section at the bottom of the transition section, the test section, and the tail section extends outward and is parallel to the horizontal plane. The top height of the second water retaining section is the same as that of the first water retaining section. A groove for placing the honeycomb confinement system plate is opened on the adjustable plane section at the bottom of the test section.

[0013] Further, one side of the horizontal plane section and one side of the adjustable plane section are hinged through a hinge system. The hinge system includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel and the second panel are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft. The first panel and the second panel are respectively fixed to the bottoms of the horizontal plane section and the adjustable plane section through screws. The connection between the horizontal plane section and the adjustable plane section is also sealed with sealant.

[0014] Further, second lifting structures are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the second water retaining plane sections on the transition section, the test section and the tail section. The bottoms of the second lifting structures are connected to the support frame.

[0015] Further, the first lifting structure includes a base, a commutation structure, a lead screw, a nut, a bearing cross beam, a transmission shaft and a runner. There are two bases. Commutation structures are fixedly connected to both of the two bases. The transmission shaft passes through the two commutation structures. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the runner. Lead screws are connected to both of the two commutation structures in the vertical direction. Nuts are connected to both of the two lead screws. A bearing cross beam is fixedly connected between the two nuts. The bottom of the water outlet end of the discharge chute device is located on the bearing cross beam.

[0016] A method for testing the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment test model includes the following steps:

[0017] Place the honeycomb confinement system disks corresponding to different test conditions that have been made respectively in the discharge chute device for simulation tests;

[0018] Inject water from the water inlet tank into the water storage device through a pressure water pump;

[0019] According to the relationship between water level and flow velocity, control the scouring flow velocity under different conditions by adjusting the water level in the water tank for simulation tests.

[0020] Observe and record the damage degree of the honeycomb confinement system disks after scouring under different conditions, and analyze the influence law of each factor on the anti-scouring performance of the honeycomb confinement system;

[0021] According to the influence law of each factor on the anti-scouring performance of the honeycomb confinement system, through screening and analysis, determine the multi-factor optimized configuration combination with the best anti-scouring performance, and then apply the determined multi-factor optimized configuration combination with the best anti-scouring performance to the ecological revetment engineering design.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention conducts simulation tests on different test conditions, observes and records the damage degree of the honeycomb restraint system disks under each condition, analyzes the influence law of various factors on the impact resistance of the honeycomb restraint system, determines the optimal configuration combination of multiple factors with the strongest anti-scouring performance, and then applies the determined optimal configuration combination of multiple factors with the best impact resistance to the ecological revetment engineering design, promoting the popularization and application of the honeycomb restraint system in the water environment treatment project and saving the cost of the water environment treatment project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of the test model of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view structure of the test model of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure section structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure with a grille arranged inside the pressure section of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional end face structure of the transition section and the tail section of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional end face structure of the test section of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure with a second lifting structure arranged on one side of the discharge chute device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the hinge system structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lifting structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship curve between the water level value and the flow velocity of the water storage device, i.e., the water tank, of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1 - water storage device, 2 - chute device, 3 - tail water pool, 4 - intake pool, 5 - pressure water pump, 6 - intake valve, 7 - water level observation pipe, 8 - pressure section, 9 - rotating shaft structure, 10 - support frame, 11 - first lifting structure, 12 - transition section, 13 - test section, 14 - tail section, 15 - groove, 16 - rotating shaft, 17 - horizontal plane section, 18 - adjustable surface section, 19 - first water retaining surface section, 20 - second water retaining surface section, 21 - hinge system, 22 - screw, 23 - honeycomb confinement system plate, 24 - second lifting structure, 25 - bearing seat, 26 - pedestal, 27 - shaft rod, 28 - base, 29 - reversing structure, 30 - lead screw, 31 - nut, 32 - load-bearing cross beam, 33 - transmission shaft, 34 - runner. Specific implementation manner

[0038] First of all, it should be noted that in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms involved are:

[0039] The water storage device 1 is used to simulate the upstream reservoir of the actual ecological revetment river course. After the sluice is opened, water can pass through the chute device 2 at a certain flow rate.

[0040] The chute device 2 is used to simulate the actual ecological revetment. The actual ecological revetment has slopes on both sides. To control the model scale and save water resources, in the model of the present invention, the chute device 2 only simulates the slope revetment on one side of the actual river course. A honeycomb confinement system is set on the slope revetment. By conducting multiple simulation tests on the scouring conditions of the honeycomb-confined bank slope under different working conditions of various influencing factors, the influence law of each factor on the erosion resistance is analyzed, and the optimal configuration combination of multiple factors with the best erosion resistance is determined.

[0041] The tail water pool 3 is used to collect the water flowing through the chute device 2.

[0042] The intake pool 4 is used to store water to ensure sufficient water in the water storage device 1.

[0043] The first lifting structure 11 is used to adjust the bottom longitudinal degree of the chute device 2 to make the model meet uniform flow and ensure that the flow rate from the intake end to the outlet end of the chute device 2 is consistent.

[0044] The second lifting structure 24 is used to adjust the inclination angle of the slope revetment on one side of the chute device 2 to conduct simulation tests on the scouring performance of different slope ratios.

[0045] In the following embodiments, the honeycomb confinement system disk 23 described is the main structure simulating the honeycomb confinement ecological slope in the actual river channel. The honeycomb geogrid is fixed in the rectangular groove. According to different working conditions, corresponding graded fillers are filled into the honeycomb geogrid, and turf of different ages is cultivated, so as to form the honeycomb confinement system disk models corresponding to each working condition. Then, the honeycomb confinement system disk models of each working condition are respectively placed into the honeycomb confinement system ecological revetment anti-scour test model in the present invention for simulation tests.

[0046] Next, a scheme of a test model for measuring the anti-scour performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced and described in detail through several specific embodiments.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A test model for measuring the anti-scour performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment includes a water storage device 1, a chute device 2, a tail water pool 3, and an inlet water pool 4. The inlet end of the chute device 2 is communicated with the water outlet of the water storage device 1. A honeycomb confinement system disk for simulating the actual honeycomb confinement bank slope is arranged in the chute device 2. A plurality of support frames 10 are connected to the bottom of the chute device 2. A first lifting structure 11 is connected to the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device 2. The water outlet end of the chute device 2 is connected to the tail water pool 3. The inlet water pool 4 is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device 1 through a pipeline. A pressure water pump 5 is arranged in the inlet water pool 4. The pressure water pump 5 is communicated with the pipeline. An inlet valve 6 is connected to the pipeline where the pressure water pump 5 is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage device 1. The water outlet of the water storage device 1 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage device 1.

[0049] Obtain various influencing factors of the anti-scour performance of the honeycomb confinement system in the above implementation; establish a test model of the honeycomb confinement system ecological revetment; determine the test working conditions (test groups) according to the obtained influencing factors of the anti-scour performance of the honeycomb confinement system, and conduct simulation tests according to the determined test working conditions; analyze the influence laws of each factor on the anti-scour performance of the honeycomb confinement system, and determine the multi-factor optimized configuration combination with the best anti-scour performance.

[0050] First, fabricate the culture honeycomb restraint system tray 23 for each determined factor test condition (test group number). Then, place the honeycomb restraint system trays 23 corresponding to different conditions into the chute device 2 respectively. Next, inject water from the water inlet pool 4 into the water storage device 1 through the pressure water pump 5, control the outlet water velocity through the water level of the water storage device 1, conduct simulation tests on the honeycomb restraint system under different conditions, and then observe and record the damage degree of the honeycomb restraint system tray 23 after scouring. The damage degree is recorded when each group of test conditions fails. For example, when the test condition is the condition of planting turf of different months of age, once the turf is washed away when water with the same flow velocity passes through the turf of different months of age, it is recorded as damage. Then, analyze the influence of each factor on the erosion resistance of the honeycomb restraint system. Then, according to the influence law of each factor on the erosion resistance of the honeycomb restraint system, determine the multi-factor optimization configuration combination with the best erosion resistance. Then, apply the determined multi-factor optimization configuration combination with the best erosion resistance to the ecological revetment engineering design, promote the popularization and application of the honeycomb restraint system in the water environment treatment project, save the cost of the water environment treatment project. Here, all the multi-factors with the best erosion resistance are factors with strong erosion resistance. For example, within the same scouring time, the turf with a longer month of age has the strongest erosion resistance performance, so it is the factor with the best erosion resistance.

[0051] In this embodiment, a gate is provided at the water outlet of the water storage device 1 for opening the water outlet of the water storage device 1 when the water level in the water storage device 1 reaches a preset value. The support frame 10 is used to support the chute device 2, the tail water pool 3 is used to collect the water passing through the chute device 2, the inlet valve 6 is used to control the water volume entering the water storage device 1, thereby controlling the water level in the water storage device 1, and further controlling the water flow velocity at the water outlet of the water storage device 1. The first lifting structure 11 connected to the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device 2 is used to adjust the longitudinal degree of the bottom plate of the chute device 2 to ensure that the water flow in the chute is a uniform open channel flow, so that the flow velocity is consistent from the water inlet end to the water outlet end of the chute device 2, ensuring that the flow velocity passing through the honeycomb restraint system tray in the whole simulation test is consistent and ensuring the accuracy of the test data. The water outlet of the water storage device 1 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage device 1. The function of setting the water outlet at the bottom is to facilitate the emptying of the water body in the water storage device 1 at the end of the test.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, a water level observation port is provided on the side wall of the water storage device 1, and a water level observation tube 7 is hermetically connected to the water level observation port.

[0054] In the above embodiment, setting a water level observation port on the water storage device 1 and a water level observation tube 7 on the water level observation port facilitates observing the water level and controlling the water level of the water storage device 1, thereby controlling the water flow velocity at the water outlet to meet the required flow velocity for the honeycomb restraint system test under different conditions.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] Referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 Furthermore, the chute device 2 includes a transition section 12, a test section 13 and a tail section 14. The transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14 are fixedly connected in sequence. The structures of the transition section 12 and the tail section 14 are the same. A groove 15 is provided in the test section 13, and a honeycomb confinement system disk 23 is placed in the groove 15.

[0057] Furthermore, a pressure section 8 is provided at the water outlet of the water storage device 1. The pressure section 8 and the chute device 2 are hermetically connected through a flexible member. The pressure section 8 is an integrally formed cylindrical structure with both ends open. The end face structure of the pressure section 8 is the same as that of the transition section 12, and the two are hermetically connected through a flexible member.

[0058] Furthermore, the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14 are all groove structures with both ends and the top open. Horizontal plane sections 17 are provided at the bottoms of the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14, and adjustable plane sections 18 connected to one side of the horizontal plane section 17 are provided. A first water retaining section 19 is vertically connected to the other side of the horizontal plane section 17. One side of the horizontal plane section 17 at the bottoms of the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14 is movably connected to one side of the adjustable plane section 18. A second water retaining section 20 is vertically arranged on the side where the adjustable plane section 18 at the bottoms of the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14 extends outward, and the second water retaining section 20 is at the same height as the top of the first water retaining section 19. A groove 15 for placing the honeycomb confinement system disk 23 is provided on the adjustable plane section 18 at the bottom of the test section 13.

[0059] Furthermore, one side of the horizontal plane section 17 is hinged to one side of the adjustable plane section 18 through a hinge system 21. The hinge system 21 includes a first panel and a second panel, and the first panel and the second panel are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft 16. The first panel and the second panel are respectively fixed to the bottoms of the horizontal plane section 17 and the adjustable plane section 18 through screws 22, and the connection between the horizontal plane section 17 and the adjustable plane section 18 is also sealed with sealant.

[0060] Furthermore, second lifting structures 24 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the second water retaining sections 20 on the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14, and the bottoms of the second lifting structures 24 are connected to the support frame 10.

[0061] In the above embodiments, a transition section 12, a test section 13, and a tail section 14 are provided in the chute device 2. The transition section 12 is used to adjust the water flow pattern so that the water body gradually transitions into a uniform flow. Among them, honeycomb constraint system discs 23 under different working conditions are placed in the grooves 15 in the test section 13. The height of the honeycomb constraint system disc is the depth of the groove 15. After the honeycomb constraint system disc is placed, the disc surface is parallel to the groove surface of the tail section 14 of the transition section 12 to ensure the water flow pattern in the entire chute device 2.

[0062] The water outlet of the water storage device 1 is connected to a pressure section 8, which is used to control the water flow pattern entering the chute device 2. The flexible seal between the pressure section 8 and the chute device 2 is used to ensure no water leakage. Among them, the flexible part can use flexible rubber or plasticine to block the gap. The pressure section 8 is an integrally formed cylindrical structure with both ends open. The bottom and both sides are consistent with the bottom and side cross-sectional structures of the transition section 12, further ensuring the water flow pattern entering the transition section 12, the test section 13, and the tail section 14, and ensuring the reliability of the test.

[0063] The transition section 12, the test section 13, and the tail section 14 are all groove structures with both ends and the top open, which are used to simulate an open-channel river. The horizontal plane section 17 is used to simulate the actual river bottom, and the adjustable section 18 is used to simulate the actual river slope. Among them, the adjustable section 18 and the horizontal plane section 17 can be fixedly connected to make slopes with multiple different slope ratios, or they can be movably connected to adjust different slope ratios of the slope. Preferably, the adjustable section 18 and the horizontal plane section 17 are movably connected, which is convenient for operation during the test. According to the requirements of different slope ratios, the included angle between the adjustable section 18 and the horizontal plane section 17 can be adjusted to adjust the slope ratio of the test slope. In actual tests, slope ratios of 1:3 and 1:2 are selected for the test.

[0064] Among them, the pressure section 8 is an integral structure. The horizontal plane section 17 at the bottom is fixedly connected to the inclined plane 18 and the vertical first water retaining surface 19 in sequence. The pressure section 8 can be made according to different slope ratios determined by the adjustable section 18 in the chute device 2 during actual tests. The first water retaining section 19 is used to block the water on one side of the horizontal plane section 17, and the second water retaining section 20 is used to block the water on one side of the adjustable section 18. The top height of the second water retaining section 20 is the same as that of the first water retaining section 19.

[0065] The water outlet of the water storage device 1 is a pressure outlet. In order to quickly adjust the pressure flow into an open-channel uniform flow, a pressure section 8 is provided at the front end of the chute device 2, and the pressure section 8 is consistent with the cross-sectional area of the chute device 2 in terms of the flow-through cross-section, both being trapezoidal cross-sections. At the same time, in order to adjust the uniformity of the water flow, during the model design, longitudinal grids are arranged in the trapezoidal inlet cross-section in the pressure section 8. See Figure 4 , and the stability of the water flow pattern is controlled through this structure.

[0066] When the adjustable surface section 18 and the horizontal surface section 17 are movably connected, specifically, a hinge system 21 is provided at the bottom of the connection between one side of the horizontal surface section 17 and one side of the adjustable surface section 18. Then, the first panel and the second panel are fixed to the adjustable surface section 18 and the horizontal surface section 17 through screws 22, so as to realize that the adjustable surface section 18 and the horizontal surface section 17 can be adjusted in angle around the rotating shaft 16. The gap between the adjustable surface section 18 and the horizontal surface section 17 is sealed with sealant to ensure that there is no water leakage after adjusting the slope ratio of the adjustable surface section 18.

[0067] To adjust the adjustable surface section 18, a horizontal boss is provided on the outer side of the second water retaining surface section 20 on the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14. The horizontal boss is connected to the second lifting structure 24. The second lifting structure 24 can adopt a hydraulic rod, a screw rod or a lead screw. In this embodiment, a screw rod is adopted. See Figure 7 , a rectangular screw hole is provided on the horizontal boss and is connected to the screw rod through a movable nut. The long side of the rectangular screw hole is perpendicular to the water flow direction to ensure the horizontal and vertical movement of the adjustable surface section 18 during rotation. The bottom of the screw rod is connected to the support frame through a fixing screw. A plurality of support frames 10 can be provided at the bottom of the chute device 2. The second lifting structures 24 on the transition section 12, the test section 13 and the tail section 14 are fixed to the support frames at the bottom. Rotate the adjustable surface section 18 and fix it with the second lifting structure 24, so as to adjust the slope ratio of the test slope. The slope ratio adjustment operation of this structure is simple and the test efficiency is high.

[0068] Embodiment 4:

[0069] Referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , further, the bottom of the water inlet end of the chute device 2 is connected with a rotating shaft structure 9, and the bottom of the rotating shaft structure 9 is fixedly connected to the support frame 10.

[0070] Further, the rotating shaft structure 9 includes a bearing seat 25, a pedestal 26 and a shaft rod 27. The pedestal 26 is fixedly connected to the support frame 10. Two bearing seats 25 are arranged on the upper surface of the pedestal 26 along the direction perpendicular to the water flow. The two bearing seats 25 are connected by a shaft rod 27. The bottom of the water inlet end of the chute device 2 is fixedly connected to the shaft rod 27 between the two bearing seats 25.

[0071] In the above embodiments, the rotating shaft structure 9 is used to adjust the longitudinal slope of the bottom plate of the chute device 2, and can also support the water inlet end of the chute device 2. Specifically, a pedestal 26 is fixedly connected to the support frame 10, and then two bearing seats 25 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the pedestal 26 along the direction perpendicular to the water flow. The two bearing seats 25 are connected by a shaft rod 27, and then the bottom of the water inlet end of the chute device 2 is fixedly connected to the shaft rod 27. When adjusting the first lifting structure 11, the water inlet end of the chute device 2 will move up and down around the shaft rod 27, so as to adjust the longitudinal slope of the entire chute device 2 and ensure that the water flow in the chute device 2 is a uniform open-channel flow.

[0072] Embodiment 5:

[0073] Referring to Figure 11 , further, the first lifting structure 11 includes a base 28, a reversing structure 29, a lead screw 30, a nut 31, a bearing beam 32, a transmission shaft 33 and a runner 34. There are two bases 28, and a reversing structure 29 is fixedly connected to each of the two bases 28. The transmission shaft 33 passes through the two reversing structures 29, and one end of the transmission shaft 33 is connected to the runner 34. The two reversing structures 29 are both connected with a lead screw 30 in the vertical direction, and a nut 31 is connected to each of the two lead screws 30. A bearing beam 32 is fixedly connected between the two nuts 31, and the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device 2 is located on the bearing beam 32.

[0074] In the above embodiments, the base 28 is used to support the water outlet end of the chute device 2, and at the same time, a reversing structure 29 is fixedly connected to the two bases 28. The reversing structure 29 adopts a worm and worm gear structure, and then a lead screw 30 is connected to the reversing structure 29. A nut 31 is connected to each of the two lead screws 30. A bearing beam 32 is fixedly connected between the two nuts 31, and the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device 2 is located on the bearing beam 32. When it is necessary to adjust the bottom slope of the entire chute device 2, the runner 34 is rotated. The runner 34 drives the transmission shaft 33 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 33 drives the lead screw 30 to rotate, so that the nut 31 on the lead screw 30 moves up and down on the lead screw 30, and further the chute device 2 on the bearing beam 32 moves up and down to adjust the inclination, so as to meet the requirements of the test. By using this structure to adjust the slope of the chute device 2, the operation is simple and time-saving.

[0075] Embodiment 6:

[0076] The design of the ecological revetment anti-scour test model of the honeycomb restraint system of the present invention meets the following conditions:

[0077] (1) Model scale

[0078] The overall model is designed according to the gravity similarity criterion. According to the prototype water flow characteristics, geometric dimensions and combined with the test site and instrument equipment conditions, the model geometric scale is: L rIf it is 1, the corresponding other hydraulic element scales are as follows:

[0079] Discharge scale: Q r = L r 2.5 = 1.0;

[0080] Velocity scale: V r = L r 0.5 = 1.0;

[0081] Time scale: T r = L r 0.5 = 1.0.

[0082] (2) Boundary conditions

[0083] 1) Model revetment form

[0084] In the present invention, the ecological revetment can be applied to the gentle slope type natural revetment, the slope type artificial revetment, and the composite type artificial revetment in terms of cross-sectional type. In the test section 13, the honeycomb confinement system plate is used to simulate the revetment slope, and different fillers are filled in the geogrid of the honeycomb confinement system, and turf is planted.

[0085] 2) Types of model bank slopes

[0086] The types of bank slopes adopt the general cohesive soil bank slopes, which are composed of loess and loess containing gravel, a total of three kinds, as the fillers for the style confinement system. During the test, the scour tests of the revetment with turf and without turf are carried out respectively.

[0087] 3) Plane shape of the model revetment

[0088] During the test, in order to facilitate the control of the scour velocity, a straight inclined trough is adopted in the model design.

[0089] 4) Height of the model revetment

[0090] Since the model scale is 1:1 and the maximum test velocity is 5 m / s, when the model cross-section design is relatively large, a larger test discharge is required. In the model design, in order to balance the required revetment height in the test and the maximum discharge that the test water pump can provide, the height of the revetment cross-section is designed to be 26 cm.

[0091] 5) Slope of the model revetment

[0092] The ecological revetment in the present invention is mainly a gentle slope revetment in terms of structural type, and the revetment slope is designed to be 1:2 and 1:3, that is, the slope ratios of the adjustable surface section 18 can be 1:2 and 1:3.

[0093] 6) Length of the model revetment

[0094] The main components of this test model include a steel plate water tank 1, a pressure section 8, and a chute device 2 (transition section 12, test section 13, and tail section 14). The length of the pressure section 8 is 1.2 m, and the total length of the chute device 2 is 10 m, with the transition section 12 being 6.5 m long, the test section 13 being 2 m long, and the tail section 14 being 1.5 m long. To facilitate flow regime control, the shape of the revetment of the chute device 2 is kept consistent.

[0095] 7) Materials used in the model

[0096] In this model test, the turf variety and age are the same as those of the prototype; the filler in the honeycomb confinement system tray 23 is the same as that of the prototype.

[0097] (3) Model design In the test model, the water storage device 1 is a steel plate water tank with a height of 2.5 m, a length and width of 3 m, that is, the maximum volume of the steel plate water tank is approximately 15 m 3 . The length of the pressure section is designed to be 1.2 m, and the length of the transition section is 6.5 m. To facilitate the observation of the water flow regime, both the pressure section and the transition section are made of plexiglass. The length of the test section is determined to be 2 m, and the length of the tail section is 1.5 m. To avoid the influence of the honeycomb system tray load on the chute of the test section and the possible damage caused by the filler to the test section and the tail section, the test section and the tail section are made of steel plates.

[0098] According to the model design parameters, the test model requires a maximum flow rate of approximately 1410 m 3 / h.

[0099] The diameter of the pressure inlet pipe is 0.5 m and it is welded by a spiral steel pipe with a thickness of 0.8 cm.

[0100] The diameter of the water tank drain pipe is 0.1 m and it is welded by a steel pipe with a thickness of 0.5 cm.

[0101] (4) Model flow velocity control

[0102] In this test model, according to the relationship between water level and flow velocity, the flow velocity of the water body in the chute is controlled by controlling the water level of the water tank, as shown in Table 1. After the model is installed and before the test starts, by adjusting the water level of the steel plate water tank and measuring the flow velocity at the inlet section of the chute, the relationship curve between the water level of the steel plate water tank and the flow velocity at the pressure inlet of the chute is obtained, as shown in Figure 12 . During the adjustment, the flow velocity is measured by a hand-held flow velocity meter, and the water level is read through the water level observation pipe 7.

[0103] Table 1 Flow velocity calibration results of the water tank water level (the water level of the water tank bottom plate is 0 m)

[0104] Number Water tank water level (m) Flow velocity (m / s) 1 0.160 0.89 2 0.208 1.13 3 0.275 1.45 4 0.350 1.78 5 0.458 2.25 6 0.558 2.70 7 0.688 3.12 8 0.798 3.39 9 1.032 3.88 10 1.168 4.15 11 1.295 4.40 12 1.580 4.93 13 1.738 5.21

[0105] During model design, to control the water flow velocity in the test section, the longitudinal slope of the chute floor is adjusted to ensure uniform open-channel flow of water. A rotating shaft is set at the bottom of the inlet end of the chute, and the rotating shaft is fixed on the truss. The downstream end of the truss is controlled by the first lifting structure 11. During the test, the elevation of the tail of the chute is adjusted through the first lifting structure 11 to change the slope of the chute floor, so as to control the water flow pattern.

[0106] The longitudinal degree of the chute floor should be adjusted according to the uniform open-channel flow formula. The corresponding relationships between the test flow velocity and the floor slope under different slope ratios of 1:2 and 1:3 are shown in Table 2 and Table 3 below.

[0107] Table 2 Corresponding Table of Flow Velocity and Floor Slope for 1:3 Side Slope

[0108] Flow velocity v (m / s) Channel slope J 1.0 0.0019 2.0 0.0077 3.0 0.0172 4.0 0.0306 5.0 0.0479

[0109] Table 3 Corresponding Table of Flow Velocity and Floor Slope for 1:2 Side Slope

[0110] Flow velocity v (m / s) Channel slope J 1.0 0.00192 2.0 0.00768 3.0 0.0173 4.0 0.0307 5.0 0.048

[0111] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and all of them are within the protection scope of this technology.

[0112] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0113] The technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb-constrained ecological revetment, characterized in that: It includes a water storage device (1), a chute device (2), a tail water pool (3), and a water intake pool (4). The water inlet end of the chute device (2) is connected to the water outlet of the water storage device (1). A honeycomb confinement system plate for simulating the actual honeycomb confinement of the bank slope is provided in the chute device (2). A plurality of support frames (10) are connected to the bottom of the chute device (2). A first lifting structure (11) is connected to the bottom of the water outlet end of the chute device (2). The water outlet end of the chute device (2) is connected to the tail water pool (3). The water intake pool (4) is connected to the water inlet of the water storage device (1) through a pipeline. A pressure water pump (5) is provided in the water intake pool (4). The pressure water pump (5) is connected to the pipeline and is connected to the water inlet of the water storage device (1) through the pipeline. An inlet valve (6) is connected to the pipeline where the pressure water pump (5) is connected to the water inlet of the water storage device (1). The water outlet of the water storage device (1) is provided at the bottom of the water storage device (1). The said chute device (2) includes a transition section (12), a test section (13), and a tail section (14). The transition section (12), the test section (13), and the tail section (14) are fixedly connected in sequence. The structures of the transition section (12) and the tail section (14) are the same. A groove (15) is provided in the test section (13), and a honeycomb confinement system plate (23) is placed in the groove (15). A pressure section (8) is provided at the water outlet of the water storage device (1). The pressure section (8) and the chute device (2) are sealed and connected through a flexible member. The pressure section (8) is an integrally formed cylindrical structure with both ends open. The end face structure of the pressure section (8) is the same as that of the transition section (12), and the two are sealed and connected through a flexible member. The said transition section (12) is used to adjust the water flow pattern so that the water body gradually transitions to a uniform flow. The said pressure section (8) is used to control the water flow pattern entering the chute device (2). The water outlet of the water storage device (1) is a pressure outlet. In order to adjust the pressure flow to an open channel uniform flow as soon as possible, a pressure section (8) is provided at the front end of the chute device (2). The pressure section (8) and the cross-section of the chute device (2) for passing water are the same, both being trapezoidal cross-sections. A longitudinal grid is provided in the trapezoidal inlet cross-section of the pressure section (8). The said pressure section (8) is manufactured according to different slope ratios determined by the adjustable surface section (18) in the chute device (2) during actual tests.

2. The test model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 1, wherein: A water level observation port is provided on the side wall of the said water storage device (1), and a water level observation pipe (7) is sealed and connected to the water level observation port.

3. The test model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the water inlet end of the said chute device (2) is also connected to a rotating shaft structure (9), and the bottom of the rotating shaft structure (9) is fixedly connected to the support frame (10).

4. The test model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described transition section (12), test section (13), and tail section (14) are all groove structures with openings at both ends and the top. The bottoms of the transition section (12), test section (13), and tail section (14) are all provided with a horizontal plane section (17) and an adjustable surface section (18) connected to one side of the horizontal plane section (17). The other side of the horizontal plane section (17) is vertically connected to a first water retaining surface section (19). One side of the horizontal plane section (17) at the bottom of the transition section (12), test section (13), and tail section (14) is movably connected to one side of the adjustable surface section (18). On the side where the adjustable surface section (18) at the bottom of the transition section (12), test section (13), and tail section (14) extends outward, a second water retaining surface section (20) is vertically arranged with respect to the horizontal plane. The top height of the second water retaining surface section (20) is the same as that of the first water retaining surface section (19). A groove (15) for placing the honeycomb restraint system disc (23) is formed on the adjustable surface section (18) at the bottom of the test section (13).

5. The experimental model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the horizontal plane section (17) is hinged to one side of the adjustable surface section (18) through a hinge system (21). The hinge system (21) includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel and the second panel are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft (16). The first panel and the second panel are respectively fixed to the bottoms of the horizontal plane section (17) and the adjustable surface section (18) through screws (22). The connection between the horizontal plane section (17) and the adjustable surface section (18) is also sealed with sealant.

6. The test model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Second lifting structures (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the second water retaining surface sections (20) on the transition section (12), test section (13), and tail section (14). The bottoms of the second lifting structures (24) are connected to the support frame (10).

7. The test model for measuring the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lifting structure (11) includes a base (28), a commutation structure (29), a lead screw (30), a nut (31), a load-bearing cross beam (32), a transmission shaft (33), and a runner (34). There are two bases (28). Commutation structures (29) are fixedly connected to both bases (28). The transmission shaft (33) passes through the two commutation structures (29). One end of the transmission shaft (33) is connected to the runner (34). Lead screws (30) are connected to both commutation structures (29) in the vertical direction. Nuts (31) are connected to both lead screws (30). A load-bearing cross beam (32) is fixedly connected between the two nuts (31). The bottom of the water discharge end of the discharge chute device (2) is located on the load-bearing cross beam (32).

8. A method for testing a model of the anti-scouring performance of a honeycomb confinement ecological revetment according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following methods: Place the honeycomb restraint system discs (23) corresponding to different test conditions that have been made respectively in the discharge chute device (2) for simulation tests; Inject water from the water inlet pool (4) into the water storage device (1) through the pressure water pump (5); According to the relationship between water level and flow velocity, control the scouring flow velocity under different conditions by adjusting the water level in the water tank for simulation tests; Observe and record the damage degree of the honeycomb restraint system discs (23) after scouring under different conditions, and analyze the influence law of various factors on the scouring resistance of the honeycomb restraint system; According to the influence law of various factors on the impact resistance of the honeycomb constraint system, through screening and analysis, an optimal multi-factor configuration combination with the best impact resistance is determined, and then the determined optimal multi-factor configuration combination with the best impact resistance is applied to the ecological revetment engineering design.

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