A pedicle screw channel diversion spacer

Abstract

The present application provides a pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder. The pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder includes: a handle, an operation avoidance rod, an opening avoidance rod and a placeholder rod connected in sequence. The handle is used to hold the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder horizontally; the operation avoidance rod includes an integrally connected connection portion and an arc-shaped avoidance rod whose curvature is within a preset curvature range, which is used to avoid the surgical field of view when occupying the pedicle screw channel; the opening avoidance rod is arranged in parallel with the handle, which is used to avoid the opener when occupying the pedicle screw channel; the placeholder rod is a truncated cone structure, and the size of the lower bottom surface with a larger diameter matches the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel, which is used to occupy the pedicle screw channel. In this way, the entire device can effectively occupy the original pedicle screw channel when the pedicle screw channel is diverted by hand, without blocking the surgical field of view, and thus does not affect subsequent surgical operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a pedicle screw channel diversion spacer. Background Art

[0002] The spine is composed of a vertebral body and a vertebral arch, which form a vertebral foramen. The pedicle refers to the connecting part between the vertebral arch and the vertebral body. For some spinal degenerative diseases, such as lumbar disc herniation, spinal fusion surgery is often used for treatment. Pedicle screw technology is a necessary means of spinal fusion surgery. Doctors usually rely on experience and refer to X-ray images to manually implant screws in the pedicle. In order to implant pedicle screws, it is necessary to determine the pedicle screw insertion point in advance and prepare the pedicle screw channel from the insertion point.

[0003] In the actual process of preparing the pedicle screw channel, because the pedicle anatomical structure of different patients may be different, and some elderly patients may have problems such as articular process hyperplasia, it is often not possible to accurately select the pedicle screw insertion point at one time, and then the pedicle screw channel cannot meet the requirements, and it is necessary to select the insertion point a second time and redo the pedicle screw channel, that is, to divert the pedicle screw channel. When diverting the pedicle screw channel, due to the relatively narrow pedicle area, the position of the second selected insertion point and the original insertion point is often only a few millimeters apart. Therefore, when diverting, the opener is very easy to slide into the original pedicle screw channel, resulting in the doctor repeatedly opening the opening to select the insertion point, but the screw channel cannot be corrected. In order to solve such problems, when diverting the pedicle screw channel, it is necessary to occupy the original pedicle screw channel.

[0004] There is no dedicated pedicle screw channel diversion spacer in current surgical instruments. Hemostatic forceps are mainly used to occupy the original pedicle screw channel. However, the size of the hemostatic forceps is usually greatly different from the size of the original pedicle screw channel, which makes the hemostatic forceps unable to effectively occupy the original pedicle screw channel and easily slip out. At the same time, due to the shape of the hemostatic forceps, the use of hemostatic forceps to occupy the channel is likely to block the surgical field of view, thereby affecting subsequent surgical operations.

[0005] Based on this, there is an urgent need for a pedicle screw channel diversion spacer to solve the problem that existing instruments cannot effectively occupy the pedicle screw channel and easily affect subsequent surgical operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder, which can be used to solve the technical problem that existing instruments cannot effectively occupy the pedicle screw channel and easily affect subsequent surgical operations.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0008] A pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder, the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder comprising a handle, an operation avoidance rod, an opening avoidance rod and a placeholder rod connected in sequence;

[0009] The handle is used to hold the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder laterally;

[0010] The operation avoidance rod comprises an integrally connected connection portion and an avoidance rod, which is used to avoid the surgical field of view when occupying the pedicle screw channel, the connection portion is connected in parallel with the handle, the avoidance rod is an arc-shaped structure with an arc within a preset arc range, and the angle between the avoidance rod and the connection portion is a preset first angle;

[0011] The opening avoidance rod is parallel to the handle, and the connection angle between the opening avoidance rod and the handle is a preset second angle, which is used to avoid the opening device when occupying the pedicle screw channel;

[0012] The placeholder rod is a truncated cone structure and is used to occupy the pedicle screw channel; the central axis of the placeholder rod is perpendicular to the axis of the opening avoidance rod, the lower bottom surface with a larger diameter in the placeholder rod is connected to the opening avoidance rod, and the size of the lower bottom surface matches the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel.

[0013] In one achievable manner, the preset arc range is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 15°.

[0014] In one achievable manner, the preset first angle is an obtuse angle.

[0015] In one achievable manner, the preset second angle is a right angle.

[0016] In one achievable manner, the length of the opening avoidance rod is determined by:

[0017] The product of the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel and the preset first ratio is determined as the length of the opening avoidance rod.

[0018] In one achievable manner, the preset first ratio is 1.7.

[0019] In one implementation, the height of the spacer rod is adapted to the depth of the pedicle screw channel.

[0020] In one achievable manner, the size of the upper bottom surface with a smaller diameter in the placeholder rod is half the size of the lower bottom surface.

[0021] Thus, the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a handle, an operation avoidance rod, an opening avoidance rod and a placeholder rod. The handle is used to hold it horizontally for ease of use. The operation avoidance rod is used to avoid the surgical field of view, so that the operator has enough operating space to perform the diversion operation. The opening avoidance rod is used to avoid the opener during diversion, which is more convenient to use. The placeholder rod adapted to the size of the pedicle screw channel is used to effectively occupy the space, so that the opener is not easy to slide into the original pedicle screw channel during diversion, thereby improving the success rate of diversion. The entire device can effectively occupy the original pedicle screw channel when the pedicle screw channel is diverted by hand, while not blocking the surgical field of view, and thus does not affect subsequent surgical operations, and has high practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a lumbar vertebra (viewed from above) to which a pedicle screw channel diversion spacer provided in an embodiment of the present application is applied;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing instruments cannot effectively occupy the pedicle screw channel and are easy to affect the subsequent surgical operation, the present application discloses a pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder through the following embodiments. The pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the entire spinal structure, such as each cervical vertebra, thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra, etc. It should be noted that the size and structure of each type of vertebra are different, so the size of the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder should be adjusted according to the size change of the vertebra, and should be adapted to the size of the applied vertebra.

[0026] Taking the lumbar spine as an example, the application scenario of the pedicle screw channel diversion spacer provided in the embodiment of the present application is specifically described. Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of a lumbar spine (top view) to which a pedicle screw channel diversion spacer provided in an embodiment of the present application is applied is shown as an example. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 In the figure, 101 indicates the spinous process, 102 indicates the mastoid process, 103 indicates the transverse process, 104 indicates the superior articular process, 105 indicates the pedicle, 106 indicates the vertebral foramen, and 107 indicates the vertebral body. Generally, the pedicle screw channel can be prepared by the needle insertion method at the top of the lambdoid ridge (the point where the accessory ridge and the isthmus ridge on the posterior and lateral side of the root of the superior articular process meet).

[0027] based on Figure 1 The application scenario shown, Figure 2 The overall structure diagram of a pedicle screw channel diversion spacer provided in an embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown. Figure 2 As shown, the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a handle 201, an operation avoidance rod 202, an opening avoidance rod 203 and a placeholder rod 204 which are connected in sequence.

[0028] The handle 201 is used to hold the pedicle screw channel diversion spacer laterally.

[0029] Specifically, the material of the handle 201 can be wood.

[0030] The use of the above-mentioned horizontally held handle not only allows the user to have a good operating feel, but also, compared with the vertical hold, the horizontal hold can be further away from the surgical field, thereby avoiding the obstruction of the surgical field by instruments and hands during the operation, facilitating operation and achieving better results.

[0031] The operation avoidance rod 202 includes an integrally connected connection portion 2021 and an avoidance rod 2022, which are used to avoid the surgical field of view when occupying the pedicle screw channel. The connection portion 2021 is connected in parallel to the handle 201, and the avoidance rod 2022 is an arc-shaped structure with an arc within a preset arc range, and the angle between the connection portion 2021 (such as Figure 2 The included angle α) in is a preset first angle.

[0032] Specifically, preferably, the preset first angle is an obtuse angle, and the specific angle value can be determined according to the length and curvature of the avoidance rod 2022.

[0033] The length of the avoidance rod 2022 can be set to 12 cm. The preset arc range of the avoidance rod 2022 can be set to be greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 15°.

[0034] The above-mentioned operation avoidance rod has a suitable arc range, which can better avoid the operation in the surgical field. At the same time, it is easier to control the force and direction when using it, and it is not easy to play a role in tilting the channel, nor will it damage the articular process and pedicle bone, and thus will not affect the stability of the inserted screw. In addition, it can also bypass the obstruction of the spinous process when used by the contralateral assistant, and at the same time, when the operator uses the mouth opener and the opening cone, there is enough operating space, which does not affect the subsequent surgical operation, and has a high practical value.

[0035] The opening avoidance rod 203 is parallel to the handle 201, and the connection angle between the opening avoidance rod 203 and the avoidance rod 2022 is (such as Figure 2 The angle β) in the middle is a preset second angle, which is used to avoid the opener when occupying the pedicle screw channel.

[0036] Specifically, the opening avoidance rod 203 is provided mainly based on the following considerations:

[0037] The longest diameter of the pedicle is about 6 mm. When opening and redirecting the projection point of the pedicle on the superior articular process, the needle entry point usually only needs to move 2-3 mm. If the opener and the spacer are placed side by side, it will inevitably affect the operation and make it impossible to redirect accurately. Therefore, it is necessary to set an opening avoidance rod 203.

[0038] Preferably, the second angle is preset to be a right angle. The length of the opening avoidance rod 203 can be determined in the following manner:

[0039] The product of the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel and the preset first ratio is determined as the length of the opening avoidance rod 203 .

[0040] Preferably, the preset first ratio is set to 1.7. Usually, the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel is about 3 mm, so the length of the opening avoidance rod 203 can usually be set to about 5 mm. The opening avoidance rod 203 is rod-shaped, and can be cylindrical or square, and is not specifically limited.

[0041] By adopting the opening avoidance rod, the 90° avoidance angle completely leaves a wide opening operation space for the opening operation, and can reasonably avoid the position of the opener, so that the opener can open smoothly, which is more convenient to use.

[0042] The placeholder rod 204 is a truncated cone structure ( Figure 2 The specific structure of the placeholder rod 204 is also specifically shown in the figure, which is used to occupy the pedicle screw channel. The central axis of the placeholder rod 204 is perpendicular to the axis of the opening avoidance rod 203, and the lower bottom surface 2041 with a larger diameter in the placeholder rod 204 is connected to the opening avoidance rod 203, and the size of the lower bottom surface 2041 matches the inner diameter of the pedicle screw channel.

[0043] Specifically, the method of directly connecting the lower bottom surface 2041 and the opening avoidance rod 203 is not specifically limited, such as welding, fusion or integral molding, and the contact surface size between the opening avoidance rod 203 and the lower bottom surface 2041 can be less than or equal to the size of the lower bottom surface 2041.

[0044] The height of the placeholder rod 204 is adapted to the depth of the pedicle screw channel. Preferably, the height of the placeholder rod 204 can be set to 5 mm. The reason for setting this preferred value is mainly because the location of the surgical screw channel diversion is mainly in the distance from the articular process to the posterior 1 / 3 of the pedicle. Generally, the length of the lumbar pedicle is greater than 5 mm, and the distance from the superior articular process to the pedicle is about 3 mm. Therefore, the length of the placeholder rod 204 can be set to 5 mm.

[0045] The placeholder rod 204 is a truncated cone structure. Preferably, the size of the upper bottom surface 2042 with a smaller diameter in the placeholder rod 204 is half of the size of the lower bottom surface 2041 .

[0046] By using the above-mentioned space-occupying rod, the truncated cone structure gradually narrows from the lower bottom surface to the upper bottom surface, while occupying the entrance of the original screw channel at one end of the lower bottom surface, the bone squeezed out of the new screw channel after the diversion can be recovered at one end of the upper bottom surface, so that the original screw channel can be backfilled to a certain extent. At the same time, because the size of the lower bottom surface is adapted to the size of the pedicle screw channel after the diversion, the original pedicle screw channel can be effectively occupied, so that the opener is not easy to slide into the original pedicle screw channel during the diversion, thereby improving the success rate of the diversion.

[0047] Thus, the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a handle, an operation avoidance rod, an opening avoidance rod and a placeholder rod. The handle is used to hold it horizontally for ease of use. The operation avoidance rod is used to avoid the surgical field of view, so that the operator has enough operating space to perform the diversion operation. The opening avoidance rod is used to avoid the opener during diversion, which is more convenient to use. The placeholder rod adapted to the size of the pedicle screw channel is used to effectively occupy the space, so that the opener is not easy to slide into the original pedicle screw channel during diversion, thereby improving the success rate of diversion. The entire device can effectively occupy the original pedicle screw channel when the pedicle screw channel is diverted by hand, while not blocking the surgical field of view, and thus does not affect subsequent surgical operations, and has high practical value.

[0048] The present application is described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementation methods and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, a variety of equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solution of the present application and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A pedicle screw channel diversion spacer, characterized in that: The pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder comprises a handle, an operation avoidance rod, an opening avoidance rod and a placeholder rod which are connected in sequence; The handle is used to hold the pedicle screw channel diversion placeholder laterally; The operation avoidance rod comprises an integrally connected connection portion and an avoidance rod, which is used to avoid the surgical field of view when occupying the original pedicle screw channel, the connection portion is connected in parallel with the handle, the avoidance rod is an arc-shaped structure with an arc within a preset arc range, and the angle between the avoidance rod and the connection portion is a preset first angle; the preset first angle is an obtuse angle; The opening avoidance rod is parallel to the handle, and the connection angle between the opening avoidance rod and the handle is a preset second angle, which is used to avoid the opening device when occupying the pedicle screw channel; the preset second angle is a right angle; The placeholder rod is a truncated cone structure, which is used to occupy the original pedicle screw channel; the central axis of the placeholder rod is perpendicular to the axis of the opening avoidance rod, the lower bottom surface with a larger diameter in the placeholder rod is connected to the opening avoidance rod, and the size of the lower bottom surface matches the inner diameter of the original pedicle screw channel; the size of the upper bottom surface with a smaller diameter in the placeholder rod is half the size of the lower bottom surface.

2. The pedicle screw channel diversion spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset arc range is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 15°.

3. The pedicle screw channel diversion spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the opening avoidance rod is determined by the following method: The product of the inner diameter of the original pedicle screw channel and the preset first ratio is determined as the length of the opening avoidance rod.

4. The pedicle screw channel diversion spacer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preset first ratio is 1.

7.

5. The pedicle screw channel diversion spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the space-occupying rod is adapted to the depth of the original pedicle screw channel.

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