Active solar glass greenhouse and operation method based on natural energy intelligent temperature control

Abstract

An active solar glass greenhouse and operating method based on natural energy intelligent temperature control belongs to the field of agricultural greenhouse and clean heating technology. To address the current greenhouse problem of extremely high heating and cooling loads, high energy consumption, and high energy costs due to poor insulation of the enclosure structure, a clean heating system based on natural energy intelligent temperature control is adopted. A new embedded pipe enclosure structure is used, with low-temperature groundwater heat source water flowing into the embedded pipes. This water source dissipates heat from the external environment at night in winter and absorbs solar radiation during the day in summer to release heat, significantly reducing the heating and cooling loads. A low-temperature distributed terminal device is used indoors. A clean heat source system consisting of groundwater heat energy, solar energy, air energy, a heat pump unit, and an energy storage tank is used. The groundwater heat energy is directly supplied to the embedded pipe enclosure structure, the low-temperature side of the heat pump, and the cooling wet curtain. In winter, higher-temperature heat energy is used to heat the indoor terminals, while in summer, air energy and solar energy supplement the groundwater source heat. This patent achieves year-round intelligent, efficient, and clean heating and cooling in greenhouses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an active solar glass greenhouse and an operating method based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, belonging to the technical field of agricultural greenhouses and clean heating. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouses are crucial infrastructure and a highly efficient production method for agricultural production, particularly for cash crops like vegetables, fruits, flowers, and medicinal plants. my country has widely adopted passive solar plastic greenhouses, and in recent years has also been introducing high-end glass greenhouses. Glass greenhouses in countries like the Netherlands in Northern Europe can achieve production periods of up to 11 months per year, resulting in extremely high yields per mu. For example, tomato production depends on the variety planted and the cultivation facilities. They are generally categorized by growth type, such as self-roofed and indeterminate types, and cultivation methods include open-air and greenhouse cultivation. Self-roofed open-air cultivation typically yields 3,000-4,000 kg per mu (4.5-6.0 kg / m2); self-roofed greenhouses typically yield 5,000-7,000 kg per mu; indeterminate open-air cultivation typically yields 4,000-6,000 kg per mu; and indeterminate greenhouses typically yield 10,000-12,000 kg per mu (15-18 kg / m2). Glass greenhouses in the Netherlands can achieve a maximum yield of 60 kg / m2 (equivalent to approximately 40,000 kg per mu of production area), representing 10.0 to 13.3 times the yield per mu of traditional open-air cultivation and 3.3 to 4.0 times the yield per mu of conventional indefinite-growth greenhouses. Therefore, adopting appropriate production facilities and technologies can significantly improve agricultural production efficiency and achieve an intensive agricultural production model.

[0003] Different crops and their growth processes require different technical conditions and requirements for their environments. For example, the air parameters required for common edible tomatoes are as follows: the crop growth layer—0.6 to 3.3 meters above the ground; summer: (outside temperature nighttime minimum 20°C to daytime maximum 42°C); the crop growth layer daytime temperature below 35°C, and nighttime temperature below 25°C; winter: (outside nighttime minimum -14°C); the crop growth layer daytime temperature not below 25°C, and nighttime temperature not below 15°C; humidity requirement: 45% to 50% (exceeding 55% is prone to disease). Glass greenhouse parameter control requirements for flower cultivation: orchid seedling areas require an indoor design temperature of 28 to 31°C year-round, but must not fall below 28°C, otherwise the seedlings' growth and plant form will be severely affected, and they may even fail. For orchid flowering and flower-inducing areas, the design temperature in summer is <25°C during the day, and 18°C for 14 hours at night. In short, the parameters required for orchid growth require very precise control and must be maintained year-round.

[0004] Taking the glass greenhouse with higher production efficiency as an example, although its production efficiency is very high, the proportion of its use in domestic greenhouse production is currently extremely low (about 1%), and there are currently many prominent problems as follows.

[0005] Energy consumption is too high. For example, if indoor temperature and humidity parameters are controlled according to the higher growth efficiency of crops, the energy cost will account for about 60% of the total operating cost. In addition, the initial investment of the glass greenhouse is high, so its investment recovery period is too long and the economic benefits are not significant.

[0006] After the technology is introduced into China, the production operation time is often only about half a year, which is less than the 11 months in the Netherlands. The output is reduced by about half, and the product profit is greatly reduced.

[0007] In order to control energy costs, room temperatures are often low during severe winter cold periods and too high in summer, which prevents crops from growing normally. For example, the actual daytime temperature in summer may reach 50-60°C. This is one of the main reasons why the production time of domestic glass greenhouses is far less than 11 months. In contrast, the ambient temperature in Nordic countries such as the Netherlands is relatively much lower, and overheating in summer rarely occurs.

[0008] As environmental issues receive increasing attention, relatively cheap heating methods such as coal-fired boilers are facing reductions or even abolition. Available energy options such as gas boilers are more expensive, making the economic benefits worse.

[0009] On the other hand, energy-saving technologies and clean heating methods have developed rapidly in recent years. Among them, the clean heating technologies pioneered by Professor Li Xianting's team from the Institute of Building Environment and Equipment at Tsinghua University and jointly developed and industrialized with the Beijing Tsinghua Tiangong Energy Technology Research Institute are as follows.

[0010] Embedded tube enclosure structures and energy-saving building technologies based on natural energy can utilize geothermal energy, solar energy, and air energy (in the form of cooling towers, etc.) to enter embedded heat exchange elements, and the heat gain or heat loss from ambient air, solar radiation, etc. can be taken away by the heat carrier medium of natural energy, thereby actively controlling the temperature of the building and significantly reducing the heating load in winter and the cooling load demand in summer.

[0011] Flexible multi-source complementary heat pump clean heating technology can send a low-temperature heat source system that combines geothermal energy, solar energy, air energy, industrial waste heat, etc. into a group of water-to-water heat pump units for heating or cooling, which can achieve a very high energy efficiency ratio (usually 50% to 100% higher than the average of air source heat pumps such as multi-split units), realizing efficient heating and cooling while significantly reducing energy costs.

[0012] The indoor heating and cooling terminals adopt a flexible distributed terminal mode, and can perform personalized control of the air temperature and humidity parameters in large spaces, while achieving local control of parameters and effectively reducing overall energy consumption and operating costs. It can also reduce the water supply temperature to the greatest extent during heating operation and improve the heating efficiency of the heat source; during cooling operation, it can increase the cold source water supply temperature or even directly use groundwater for cooling, without turning on or reducing the need to turn on artificial refrigeration. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose and task of the present invention is to address the main problems existing in the aforementioned agricultural greenhouses, especially high-efficiency glass greenhouses, adopt the latest development results of the above-mentioned clean heating technology, combine the actual technical conditions and production operation requirements of agricultural greenhouses, and design a new integrated technical system and energy system operation mode of active solar glass greenhouses based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, fundamentally change the existing problem of excessive energy consumption, and provide basic technical conditions for significantly reducing its energy operating costs, increasing the effective time of production operations, and increasing crop yields and economic benefits.

[0014] The specific description of the present invention is: an active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, characterized in that the entire system consists of an enclosure structure 1 of an embedded tube active temperature control device, a passive thermal insulation device, an indoor low-temperature distributed terminal device, a low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy, a water pump and connecting pipes, wherein the enclosure structure 1 includes a sunny wall 2, a shady wall 3, and a greenhouse roof 5, wherein the sunny wall 2 is equipped with a side sunshade curtain 21 and a sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady wall 3 is equipped with a shady embedded pipe 23, the greenhouse roof 5 is equipped with an upper sunshade curtain 26 and an upper embedded pipe 25, the passive thermal insulation device includes an insulation curtain 4, a middle insulation curtain 4a, an upper sunshade curtain 4b, an outer insulation curtain 27, and an indoor low-temperature In addition to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the wet curtain 8, the distributed terminal device also includes a low-temperature terminal device 24. The low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy includes a ground water well 31, a solar collector 32, a heat pump unit 33, and an energy storage tank 34. The outlet of the ground water well 31 is connected to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit 33, the water inlet of the solar collector 32, and the second water inlet of the energy storage tank 34 through the ground source water pump 37. It is also connected to the positive side embedded pipe 22, the negative side embedded pipe 23, the upper embedded pipe 25, and the water inlet of the wet curtain 8. The water inlet of the ground water well 31 is connected to the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat pump unit 33 and the water outlet of the energy storage tank 34 through the energy storage pump 35. The sun-side embedded pipe 22, the shade-side embedded pipe 23, the upper embedded pipe 25 and the water outlet of the wet curtain 8 are connected, and the water outlet of the solar collector 32 is also connected to the water inlet of the energy storage tank 34. The water outlet of the energy storage tank 34 is connected to the high-temperature side water outlet of the heat pump unit 33 through the energy storage pump 35 and the heat pump circulation pump 36. It is also connected to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the water inlet of the low-temperature terminal device 24. The floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the water outlet of the low-temperature terminal device 24 are respectively connected to the water inlet of the solar collector 32 and the high-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit 33; the sun-side wall 2 is a sandwich convector structure, which includes an outer transparent layer 2a, an inner transparent layer 2c and a side sunshade curtain 2b. , a side sunshade curtain 21 is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain 2b, a sun-side embedded tube 22 is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain 21, a convection air inlet window 28a is provided at the bottom of the outer transparent layer 2a, and a convection air outlet window 28 is provided at the top; the shady wall 3 adopts a fully solid structure, and the matching shady embedded tube 23 is embedded inside its solid structure, or adopts a sandwich structure, in which the inner solid layer 3a is embedded with the shady embedded tube 23; the upper sunshade curtain 26 matched with the greenhouse canopy 5 is provided on the lower side of the greenhouse canopy 5, and the upper embedded tube 25 is provided on the lower side of the upper sunshade curtain 26; the materials of the outer transparent layer 2a, the inner transparent layer 2c, and the greenhouse canopy 5 are all made of high-transmittance glass, or all of them are made of high-transmittance plastic film;The insulation curtain 4, middle insulation curtain 4a, side sunshades 21, and upper sunshade 26 are all made of highly reflective surfaces on both sides, and the outer insulation curtain 27 has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm. The low-temperature terminal device 24 is installed in the lower space of the plant seedling bed 7 in the production area. In this case, its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, steel fin tube, or copper tube aluminum fin tube structure, with a floor-mounted condensate water receiving tray 24b at the bottom. Alternatively, it can be buried below the ground, in which case its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube. Alternatively, it can be installed vertically above the plant seedling bed 7 in the production area, between the plant stems and leaves, and serve as a fence to support plant growth. In this case, its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, and the water temperature within the tube does not exceed the allowable temperature range for plant growth. Alternatively, it can be arranged along the inner wall of the exterior wall, in which case its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, steel fin tube, or copper tube aluminum fin tube structure.

[0015] The above-mentioned operating mode of the active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, and the operating mode of the sun-side embedded tubes 22, the shade-side embedded tubes 23, and the upper embedded tubes 25, are characterized in that the operating mode of the active solar glass greenhouse is based on the environmental parameters of the crop growing area, including the technical requirements of light, temperature, humidity, and wind speed, and saving energy operating costs as control targets, using the system components and their actuators as operation adjustment means, and based on the "man in the loop" control mode and meeting the environmental parameter control requirements of different stages of crop growth, according to the following time and technical conditions to perform intelligent heating and cooling load adjustment, natural energy operation control, heat source equipment selection and distribution management.

[0016] First, during the winter night heating operation, the insulation curtain 4, the middle insulation curtain 4a, the upper sunshade curtain 4b, the outer insulation curtain 27, the side sunshade curtain 21, the upper sunshade curtain 26, the convection air inlet window 28a, and the convection air outlet window 28 are all closed and enter the passive insulation state. The water output from the ground water source well 31 is sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady embedded pipe 23, and the upper embedded pipe 25 and enters the active insulation state. The water output from the energy storage tank 34 is sent by the energy storage pump 35 to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the low-temperature terminal device 24 for heating. The water returns to the energy storage tank 34. When the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, the water from the ground water well 31 is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37, and the heat pump unit 33 is started and combined with the energy storage tank 34 to provide heat through the heat pump circulation pump 36. The heating return water returns to the heat pump unit 33 and the energy storage tank 34 at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the heat pump unit 33 is stopped. If the room temperature still remains higher than the upper limit setting value after the heat pump unit 33 is stopped, the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is reduced or stopped until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, at which time the energy storage tank 34 is started first.

[0017] Second, during the daytime operation in winter, the thermal insulation curtain 4, the middle thermal insulation curtain 4a, the upper sunshade curtain 4b, and the outer thermal insulation curtain 27 are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain 21 and the upper sunshade curtain 26 are all opened and in the state of maximum sunlight transmission, the convection air inlet window 28a and the convection air outlet window 28 are all closed and enter the passive insulation state. If the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well 31 is sent to the sun-side embedded pipe 22 and the shady side embedded pipe 23 by the ground source water pump 37. The embedded pipe 23 and the upper embedded pipe 25 enter the active insulation state. The water from the energy storage tank 34 is sent to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the low-temperature terminal device 24 through the energy storage pump 35 and provides heat. The return water returns to the energy storage tank 34. If the room temperature is still lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well 31 is sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37 at the same time. The heat pump unit 33 is started and is sent to the energy storage tank 34 through the heat pump circulation pump 36. 4 Combined heating, the heating return water returns to the heat pump unit 33 and the energy storage tank 34 at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit set value, the heat pump unit 33 is stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit set value after the heat pump unit 33 is stopped, the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is reduced or stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit set value after the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is stopped, the operation of the groundwater heat source water in the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25 is stopped and the active heat preservation state is stopped. If the room temperature still remains higher than the upper limit set value at this time, the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25 are switched to active heat storage operation. At this time, the energy storage pump 35 pumps the energy storage circulating water into the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25, and the return water enters the energy storage tank 34 and enters the energy storage state. When the room temperature falls below the lower limit set value, the temperature is gradually increased in the reverse order of the above-mentioned temperature reduction process until the room temperature exceeds the lower limit set value.

[0018] Third, when the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value during the daytime during the non-heating period, the insulation curtain 4, the middle insulation curtain 4a, and the outer insulation curtain 27 are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain 21, the upper sunshade curtain 26, and the upper sunshade curtain 4b are all opened and are in a state of light that meets the requirements for plant growth, the convection air inlet window 28a and the convection air outlet window 28 are all opened and enter the active cooling state. If the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the water out of the ground water source well 31 is sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady embedded pipe 23, and the upper embedded pipe 25 and enters the active cooling state. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water out of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the energy storage tank 34 and is sent to the low temperature tank 34 through the energy storage pump 35. Type terminal device 24 or floor heating pipe 6 or middle heating pipe 6a and provide cooling. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water outlet of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent to the wet curtain 8 by the ground source water pump 37 and a direct contact active cooling state is performed. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water outlet of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37, and the heat pump unit 33 is started and sent to the low-temperature terminal device 24 or floor heating pipe 6 or middle heating pipe 6a through the heat pump circulation pump 36 and combined cooling is performed until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, and then the gradual heating process is entered in the reverse order of the above-mentioned cooling process until the room temperature is higher than the lower limit setting value.

[0019] Fourth, when the room temperature at night during the non-heating period is higher than the upper limit set value, based on the above third step, turn on the indoor and outdoor ventilation and cooling devices at the same time.

[0020] The groundwater source well 31 adopts a shallow or deep groundwater well structure, in which case each pumping well is equipped with at least one recharging well; or adopts a buried pipe well structure, in which case a single U-tube or double U-tube structure is used in the well, and the pipe material is PE pipe.

[0021] The heat pump unit 33 is a water-water heat pump structure, and the switching between heating and cooling modes adopts a four-way reversing valve inside the heat pump unit or a water valve switching structure outside the unit.

[0022] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing greenhouse has a huge heating and cooling load due to the poor insulation effect of the enclosure structure, and the high energy cost caused by high energy consumption. The invention adopts a clean heating system based on natural energy intelligent temperature control. Its advantages include: adopting a new embedded pipe enclosure structure, and introducing groundwater low-temperature heat source water into the embedded pipe. It bears the heat dissipation of the external environment at night in winter and absorbs solar radiation and releases heat during the day in summer to significantly reduce the cooling and heating load; the use of low-temperature distributed terminal devices indoors can greatly reduce the heat source water supply temperature and improve the heat source efficiency; the clean heat source system consists of groundwater source heat energy, solar energy, air energy, heat pump unit and energy storage tank It is a flexible low-temperature heat source method with multiple energy complementarity. It can be flexibly selected and put into operation according to specific resource conditions to maximize the use of natural energy for cooling and heating, reduce artificial energy and its costs. It is estimated that its artificial energy consumption and energy operation costs can be significantly reduced by 40% to 80% (depending on the technical implementation conditions, crop environmental parameter control requirements and actual operating conditions, etc.); when the room temperature is too high during the day in winter, part of the solar energy can be stored in the energy storage tank and the room temperature can be lowered, and it can be used for heating at night; it can achieve intelligent, efficient and clean heating and cooling throughout the year; it greatly improves crop growth conditions and significantly extends the effective production operation time throughout the year. In summary, this patent provides optimal production conditions for the production operations of agricultural greenhouses, including glass greenhouses, significantly increases crop productivity, significantly reduces energy costs, and creates better technical conditions for the larger-scale adoption of greenhouses, especially glass greenhouses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a conventional technical method and structural diagram of the glass greenhouse and its heating method involved in the present invention. Figure 2 It is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 、 2 The part numbers and names are as follows.

[0025] Enclosure structure 1, sunny wall 2, outer transparent layer 2a, side sunshade curtain 2b, inner transparent layer 2c, shady wall 3, inner solid layer 3a, insulation curtain 4, middle insulation curtain 4a, upper sunshade curtain 4b, greenhouse roof 5, floor heating pipe 6, middle heating pipe 6a, high-rise heating pipe 6b, plant seedbed 7, wet curtain 8, side sunshade curtain 21, sunny embedded pipe 22, shady embedded pipe 23, low-temperature terminal device 24, heat exchange element 24a, condensate receiving pan 24b, upper embedded pipe 25, upper sunshade curtain 26, outer insulation curtain 27, convection outlet window 28, convection inlet window 28a, ground water source well 31, solar collector 32, heat pump unit 33, energy storage tank 34, energy storage pump 35, heat pump circulation pump 36, ground source water pump 37. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Figure 1 This is a conventional technical method and structural diagram of the glass greenhouse and its heating method involved in the present invention. Figure 2 It is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 The existing conventional technical methods and structures of the glass greenhouse and its heating method involved are as follows: the greenhouse wall adopts double-layer glass (or plastic), and a layer of sunshade curtain is set in the middle layer; the greenhouse canopy adopts single-layer glass (or plastic); several layers of sunshade curtain or heat-insulating curtain are set on the upper part of the working area; a thicker heat-insulating curtain (similar to a quilt) is set on the outside (or inside) of the enclosure structure; indoor heating usually adopts high-temperature terminal and is integrated with the ground track, horizontal support of crops, etc. Its heat source usually requires high-temperature water supply of 60 to 90 degrees Celsius; wet curtain is used for cooling in summer.

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows.

[0029] The active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, the whole system consists of an enclosure structure 1 with an embedded tube active temperature control device, a passive thermal insulation device, an indoor low-temperature distributed terminal device, a low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy, a water pump and connecting pipes, wherein the enclosure structure 1 includes a sunny wall 2, a shady wall 3, and a greenhouse roof 5, wherein the sunny wall 2 is equipped with a side sunshade curtain 21 and a sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady wall 3 is equipped with a shady embedded pipe 23, the greenhouse roof 5 is equipped with an upper sunshade curtain 26 and an upper embedded pipe 25, the passive thermal insulation device includes an insulation curtain 4, a middle insulation curtain 4a, an upper sunshade curtain 4b, and an outer insulation curtain 27, and the indoor low-temperature distributed terminal device includes a floor heating pipe 6, a middle heating pipe 6a, In addition to the wet curtain 8, it also includes a low-temperature terminal device 24. The low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy includes a ground water source well 31, a solar thermal collector 32, a heat pump unit 33, and an energy storage tank 34. The water outlet of the ground water source well 31 is connected to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit 33, the water inlet of the solar thermal collector 32 and the second water inlet of the energy storage tank 34 through the ground source water pump 37. It is also connected to the positive side embedded pipe 22, the negative side embedded pipe 23, the upper embedded pipe 25 and the water inlet of the wet curtain 8. In addition to being connected to the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat pump unit 33 and the water outlet of the energy storage tank 34 through the energy storage pump 35, the water inlet of the ground water source well 31 is also connected to the positive side embedded pipe 22, the negative side embedded pipe 23, the upper embedded pipe 25 and the water outlet of the wet curtain 8. The solar thermal collector 32 The water outlet is also connected to the water inlet of the energy storage tank 34, and the water outlet of the energy storage tank 34 is connected to the high-temperature side water outlet of the heat pump unit 33 through the energy storage pump 35 and the heat pump circulation pump 36, and is also respectively connected to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the water inlet of the low-temperature terminal device 24. The floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the water outlet of the low-temperature terminal device 24 are respectively connected to the water inlet of the solar collector 32 and the high-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit 33; the sunny wall 2 is a sandwich convector structure, which includes an outer transparent layer 2a, an inner transparent layer 2c and a side sunshade curtain 2b. A side sunshade curtain 21 is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain 2b, and a sunny embedded pipe 22 is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain 21. The bottom of the outer transparent layer 2a A convection air inlet window 28a is provided, and a convection air outlet window 28 is provided at the top; the shady wall 3 adopts a completely solid structure, and the matching shady embedded tube 23 is embedded in the interior of its solid structure, or adopts a sandwich structure, wherein the inner solid layer 3a is embedded with the shady embedded tube 23; the upper sunshade curtain 26 matched with the greenhouse canopy 5 is arranged on the lower side of the greenhouse canopy 5, and the upper embedded tube 25 is arranged on the lower side of the upper sunshade curtain 26; the outer transparent layer 2a, the inner transparent layer 2c, and the greenhouse canopy 5 are all made of highly transmissive glass or highly transmissive plastic film; the insulation curtain 4, the middle insulation curtain 4a, the side sunshade curtain 21, and the upper sunshade curtain 26 are all made of materials with highly reflective surfaces on both sides, and the outer insulation curtain 27 has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm;The low-temperature terminal device 24 is installed in the lower space of the plant seedling bed 7 in the production area. In this case, its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, steel fin tube, or copper tube aluminum fin tube structure, with a floor-standing condensate water receiving tray 24b at the bottom; or it can be buried below the ground, in which case its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube; or it can be installed vertically above the plant seedling bed 7 in the production area, located between the plant stems and leaves, and serve as a fence to support plant growth. In this case, its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, and the water temperature within the tube does not exceed the allowable temperature range for plant growth; or it can be arranged along the inner wall of the exterior wall. In this case, its heat exchange element 24a is a plastic tube, steel fin tube, or copper tube aluminum fin tube structure.

[0030] The operating method of the above-mentioned active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, and the operating method of the sun-side embedded tubes 22, the shade-side embedded tubes 23, and the upper embedded tubes 25 are as follows: based on the technical requirements of the environmental parameters of the crop growing area, including light, temperature, humidity, and wind speed, and saving energy operating costs, as the control target, the system components and their actuators are used as the operation adjustment means, and according to the "man in the loop" control method and meeting the environmental parameter control requirements of different stages of crop growth, intelligent heating and cooling load adjustment, natural energy operation control, heat source equipment selection and distribution management are carried out according to the following time and technical conditions.

[0031] First, during the winter night heating operation, the insulation curtain 4, the middle insulation curtain 4a, the upper sunshade curtain 4b, the outer insulation curtain 27, the side sunshade curtain 21, the upper sunshade curtain 26, the convection air inlet window 28a, and the convection air outlet window 28 are all closed and enter the passive insulation state. The water output from the ground water source well 31 is sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady embedded pipe 23, and the upper embedded pipe 25 and enters the active insulation state. The water output from the energy storage tank 34 is sent by the energy storage pump 35 to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the low-temperature terminal device 24 for heating. The water returns to the energy storage tank 34. When the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, the water from the ground water well 31 is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37, and the heat pump unit 33 is started and combined with the energy storage tank 34 to provide heat through the heat pump circulation pump 36. The heating return water returns to the heat pump unit 33 and the energy storage tank 34 at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the heat pump unit 33 is stopped. If the room temperature still remains higher than the upper limit setting value after the heat pump unit 33 is stopped, the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is reduced or stopped until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, at which time the energy storage tank 34 is started first.

[0032] Second, during the daytime operation in winter, the thermal insulation curtain 4, the middle thermal insulation curtain 4a, the upper sunshade curtain 4b, and the outer thermal insulation curtain 27 are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain 21 and the upper sunshade curtain 26 are all opened and in the state of maximum sunlight transmission, the convection air inlet window 28a and the convection air outlet window 28 are all closed and enter the passive insulation state. If the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well 31 is sent to the sun-side embedded pipe 22 and the shady side embedded pipe 23 by the ground source water pump 37. The embedded pipe 23 and the upper embedded pipe 25 enter the active insulation state. The water from the energy storage tank 34 is sent to the floor heating pipe 6, the middle heating pipe 6a, and the low-temperature terminal device 24 through the energy storage pump 35 and provides heat. The return water returns to the energy storage tank 34. If the room temperature is still lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well 31 is sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37 at the same time. The heat pump unit 33 is started and is sent to the energy storage tank 34 through the heat pump circulation pump 36. 4 Combined heating, the heating return water returns to the heat pump unit 33 and the energy storage tank 34 at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit set value, the heat pump unit 33 is stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit set value after the heat pump unit 33 is stopped, the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is reduced or stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit set value after the heating of the energy storage tank 34 is stopped, the operation of the groundwater heat source water in the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25 is stopped and the active heat preservation state is stopped. If the room temperature still remains higher than the upper limit set value at this time, the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25 are switched to active heat storage operation. At this time, the energy storage pump 35 pumps the energy storage circulating water into the positive side embedded pipe 22 and the upper embedded pipe 25, and the return water enters the energy storage tank 34 and enters the energy storage state. When the room temperature falls below the lower limit set value, the temperature is gradually increased in the reverse order of the above-mentioned temperature reduction process until the room temperature exceeds the lower limit set value.

[0033] Third, when the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value during the daytime during the non-heating period, the insulation curtain 4, the middle insulation curtain 4a, and the outer insulation curtain 27 are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain 21, the upper sunshade curtain 26, and the upper sunshade curtain 4b are all opened and are in a state of light that meets the requirements for plant growth, the convection air inlet window 28a and the convection air outlet window 28 are all opened and enter the active cooling state. If the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the water out of the ground water source well 31 is sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the sunny embedded pipe 22, the shady embedded pipe 23, and the upper embedded pipe 25 and enters the active cooling state. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water out of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent by the ground source water pump 37 to the energy storage tank 34 and is sent to the low temperature tank 34 through the energy storage pump 35. Type terminal device 24 or floor heating pipe 6 or middle heating pipe 6a and provide cooling. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water outlet of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent to the wet curtain 8 by the ground source water pump 37 and a direct contact active cooling state is performed. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water outlet of the ground water source well 31 is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit 33 by the ground source water pump 37, and the heat pump unit 33 is started and sent to the low-temperature terminal device 24 or floor heating pipe 6 or middle heating pipe 6a through the heat pump circulation pump 36 and combined cooling is performed until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value, and then the gradual heating process is entered in the reverse order of the above-mentioned cooling process until the room temperature is higher than the lower limit setting value.

[0034] Fourth, when the room temperature at night during the non-heating period is higher than the upper limit set value, based on the above third step, turn on the indoor and outdoor ventilation and cooling devices at the same time.

[0035] The groundwater source well 31 adopts a shallow or deep groundwater well structure, in which case each pumping well is equipped with at least one recharging well; or adopts a buried pipe well structure, in which case a single U-tube or double U-tube structure is used in the well, and the pipe material is PE pipe.

[0036] The heat pump unit 33 is a water-water heat pump structure, and the switching between heating and cooling modes adopts a four-way reversing valve inside the heat pump unit or a water valve switching structure outside the unit.

[0037] It should be noted that the present invention proposes an active solar glass greenhouse and operating method based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, and provides specific implementation methods, processes and implementation devices for achieving the above-mentioned purposes. According to this overall solution, there may be different specific implementation measures and specific implementation devices with different structures. The above-mentioned specific implementation method is only one of them. Any other similar simple deformation implementation methods, such as active cooling maintenance structures with different heat exchange forms and measures; adding or reducing several temperature control measures; using cooling towers to cool down in summer instead of water wells; or simply adjusting the water system pipeline connection method; or performing deformation methods that ordinary professionals can think of, etc., or applying this technical method with the same or similar structure to traditional agricultural greenhouses, industrial plants and other large spaces and other similar applications, all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control, characterized by: The entire system is composed of an enclosure structure (1) with an embedded tube active temperature control device, a passive thermal insulation device, an indoor low-temperature distributed terminal device, a low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy, a water pump and connecting pipes, wherein the enclosure structure (1) includes a sunny wall (2), a shady wall (3), and a greenhouse roof (5), wherein the sunny wall (2) is equipped with a side sunshade curtain (21) and a sunny embedded tube (22), the shady wall (3) is equipped with a shady embedded tube (23), the greenhouse roof (5) is equipped with an upper sunshade curtain (26) and an upper embedded tube (25), the passive thermal insulation device includes an insulation curtain (4), a middle insulation curtain (4a), an upper sunshade curtain (4b), and an outer insulation curtain (27), and the indoor low-temperature distributed terminal In addition to the floor heating pipe (6), the middle heating pipe (6a), and the wet curtain (8), the device also includes a low-temperature terminal device (24). The low-temperature heat source system based on natural energy includes a ground water source well (31), a solar collector (32), a heat pump unit (33), and an energy storage tank (34). The water outlet of the ground water source well (31) is connected to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit (33), the water inlet of the solar collector (32), and the second water inlet of the energy storage tank (34) through the ground source water pump (37). In addition, it is also connected to the water inlet of the positive side embedded pipe (22), the negative side embedded pipe (23), the upper embedded pipe (25), and the wet curtain (8). In addition to being connected to the heat pump unit (33), the water inlet of the ground water source well (31) is also connected to the water inlet of the positive side embedded pipe (22), the negative side embedded pipe (23), the upper embedded pipe (25), and the wet curtain (8). ) is connected to the low-temperature side water outlet of the energy storage tank (34) through the energy storage pump (35), and is also connected to the outlets of the positive side embedded pipe (22), the negative side embedded pipe (23), the upper embedded pipe (25) and the wet curtain (8). The outlet of the solar collector (32) is also connected to the water inlet of the energy storage tank (34). The outlet of the energy storage tank (34) is connected to the high-temperature side water outlet of the heat pump unit (33) through the energy storage pump (35) and the heat pump circulation pump (36). It is also connected to the floor heating pipe (6), the middle heating pipe (6a), and the water inlet of the low-temperature terminal device (24). The outlets of the floor heating pipe (6), the middle heating pipe (6a), and the low-temperature terminal device (24) are respectively connected to the solar collector (32). The water inlet of the heat pump unit (33) is connected to the high-temperature side water inlet of the heat pump unit (33); the sun-side wall (2) is a sandwich convector structure, which includes an outer transparent layer (2a), an inner transparent layer (2c) and a side sunshade curtain (2b), and a side sunshade curtain (21) is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain (2b), and a sun-side embedded pipe (22) is provided on the inner side of the side sunshade curtain (21), and a convection air inlet window (28a) is provided at the bottom of the outer transparent layer (2a), and a convection air outlet window (28) is provided at the top; the shady wall (3) adopts a fully solid structure, and the matching shady embedded pipe (23) is embedded in the inside of its solid structure, or adopts a sandwich structure, wherein the inner solid layer (3a) is embedded with the shady embedded pipe (23);The upper sunshade curtain (26) of the greenhouse roof (5) is arranged on the lower side of the greenhouse roof (5), and the upper embedded tube (25) is arranged on the lower side of the upper sunshade curtain (26); the materials of the outer transparent layer (2a), the inner transparent layer (2c), and the greenhouse roof (5) are all made of high-transmittance glass, or all of them are made of high-transmittance plastic film; the thermal insulation curtain (4), the middle thermal insulation curtain (4a), the side sunshade curtain (21), and the upper sunshade curtain (26) are all made of high-reflective surfaces on both sides, and the thickness of the outer thermal insulation curtain (27) is 1 to 10 mm; the low-temperature terminal device (24) is arranged on the plant seedling bed (7) in the production area. The lower space, in which case the heat exchange element (24a) is a plastic tube, a steel fin tube or a copper tube aluminum fin tube structure, and a floor-standing condensate water receiving tray (24b) is provided at the bottom; or it is buried below the ground, in which case the heat exchange element (24a) is a plastic tube; or it is vertically arranged on the upper part of the plant seedling bed (7) in the production area and located in the middle of the plant stems and leaves, and serves as a fence to support plant growth, in which case the heat exchange element (24a) is a plastic tube, and the water temperature in the tube does not exceed the allowable temperature range for plant growth; or it is arranged along the inner wall of the outer wall, in which case the heat exchange element (24a) is a plastic tube, a steel fin tube or a copper tube aluminum fin tube structure.

2. The active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The groundwater source well (31) adopts a shallow or deep groundwater well structure, in which case each pumping well is equipped with at least one recharging well; or adopts a buried pipe well structure, in which case a single U-tube or double U-tube structure is used in the well, and the pipe material is PE pipe.

3. The active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The heat pump unit (33) is a water-water heat pump structure, and the switching between the heating and cooling modes adopts a four-way reversing valve inside the heat pump unit or a water valve switching structure outside the unit.

4. The operation method of the active solar glass greenhouse based on natural energy intelligent temperature control as claimed in claim 1 includes intelligent heating and cooling load adjustment, natural energy operation control, and heat source equipment selection and distribution management according to the following time and technical conditions: First, during the winter night heating operation, the heat preservation curtain (4), the middle heat preservation curtain (4a), the upper sunshade curtain (4b), the outer heat preservation curtain (27), the side sunshade curtain (21), the upper sunshade curtain (26), the convection air inlet window (28a), and the convection air outlet window (28) are all closed and enter the passive heat preservation state, the water output from the ground water source well (31) is sent by the ground source water pump (37) to the sun side embedded pipe (22), the shady side embedded pipe (23), and the upper embedded pipe (25) and enters the active heat preservation state, and the water output from the energy storage tank (34) is sent by the energy storage pump (35) to the floor heating pipe (6), the middle heating pipe (6a), and the low temperature terminal device (24) and enters the active heat preservation state. Heat is supplied, and the return water returns to the energy storage tank (34). When the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well (31) is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit (33) by the ground source water pump (37), and the heat pump unit (33) is started and combined with the energy storage tank (34) through the heat pump circulation pump (36). The heat supply return water returns to the heat pump unit (33) and the energy storage tank (34) at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit set value, the heat pump unit (33) is stopped. If the room temperature still remains higher than the upper limit set value after the heat pump unit (33) is stopped, the heat supply of the energy storage tank (34) is reduced or stopped until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value, then the energy storage tank (34) is started first. Second, during winter daytime operation, the heat preservation curtain (4), the middle heat preservation curtain (4a), the upper sunshade curtain (4b), and the outer heat preservation curtain (27) are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain (21) and the upper sunshade curtain (26) are all opened and in the state of maximum sunlight transmission, the convection air inlet window (28a) and the convection air outlet window (28) are all closed and enter the passive heat preservation state. If the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value, the water from the ground water source well (31) is sent to the sun side embedded pipe (22) and the shady side embedded pipe by the ground source water pump (37). The embedded pipe (23) and the upper embedded pipe (25) enter the active heat preservation state, and the water out of the energy storage tank (34) is sent to the floor heating pipe (6), the middle heating pipe (6a), and the low-temperature terminal device (24) through the energy storage pump (35) and is heated, and the return water returns to the energy storage tank (34). If the room temperature is still lower than the lower limit set value at this time, the water out of the ground water source well (31) is sent to the heat pump unit (33) by the ground source water pump (37) at the same time, and the heat pump unit (33) is started and the heat pump circulation pump (3 6) Combined with the energy storage tank (34) for heat supply, the heat return water returns to the heat pump unit (33) and the energy storage tank (34) at the same time. When the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the heat pump unit (33) is stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit setting value after the heat pump unit (33) is stopped, the heat supply of the energy storage tank (34) is reduced or stopped. If the room temperature remains higher than the upper limit setting value after the heat supply of the energy storage tank (34) is stopped, the heat source water of the ground water source of the sun-side embedded pipe (22) and the upper embedded pipe (25) is stopped. Run and stop its active heat preservation state. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value, the positive side embedded pipe (22) and the upper embedded pipe (25) are switched to active heat storage operation. At this time, the energy storage pump (35) pumps the energy storage circulating water into the positive side embedded pipe (22) and the upper embedded pipe (25), and the return water enters the energy storage tank (34) and enters the energy storage state until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit setting value. Then, the temperature is gradually increased in the reverse order of the above-mentioned cooling process until the room temperature is higher than the lower limit setting value. Third, when the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value during the daytime during the non-heating period, the heat preservation curtain (4), the middle heat preservation curtain (4a), and the outer heat preservation curtain (27) are all rolled up, the side sunshade curtain (21), the upper sunshade curtain (26), and the upper sunshade curtain (4b) are all opened and in a state of light that meets the requirements for plant growth, the convection air inlet window (28a) and the convection air outlet window (28) are all opened and enter the active cooling state. If the room temperature is higher than the upper limit setting value, the water output from the ground water source well (31) is sent by the ground water pump (37) to the sun-side embedded pipe (22), the shady side embedded pipe (23), and the upper embedded pipe (25) and enters the active cooling state. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit setting value at this time, the water output from the ground water source well (31) is sent by the ground water pump (37) to the energy storage tank (34) and is sent to the energy storage pump (35). The low-temperature terminal device (24) or the floor heating pipe (6) or the middle heating pipe (6a) is used for cooling. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit set value, the water from the ground water source well (31) is simultaneously sent to the wet curtain (8) by the ground source water pump (37) and a direct contact active cooling state is performed. If the room temperature is still higher than the upper limit set value, the water from the ground water source well (31) is simultaneously sent to the heat pump unit (33) by the ground source water pump (37), and the heat pump unit (33) is started and sent to the low-temperature terminal device (24) or the floor heating pipe (6) or the middle heating pipe (6a) through the heat pump circulation pump (36) and a combined cooling is performed until the room temperature is lower than the lower limit set value. Then, the step-by-step heating process is entered in the reverse order of the above-mentioned cooling process until the room temperature is higher than the lower limit set value. Fourth, when the room temperature is higher than the upper limit set value at night during the non-heating period, in addition to the operating method adopted when the room temperature is higher than the upper limit set value during the day during the non-heating period, the indoor and outdoor ventilation and cooling devices are turned on at the same time.

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