Antenna structures and communication equipment

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna structure and communication device. In the antenna structure, a first antenna branch and a closed metal ring are spaced apart and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling. A second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are spaced apart and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling. The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, while the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency. The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure. The antenna structure realizes dual-band circular polarization and is suitable for small-sized devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and specifically relates to an antenna structure and communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] Wearable electronic products such as smartwatches often require positioning antennas, such as GPS antennas. GPS antennas should operate in two frequency bands: L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L5 (1176.45 MHz). These two frequency bands differ significantly, requiring the GPS antenna to be placed within a relatively small device footprint. Furthermore, GPS signals are circularly polarized, requiring the antenna to respond differently to left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized signals. This is also difficult to achieve given the relatively small footprint of smartwatches. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna structure and a communication device to address the deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solution: an antenna structure comprising: a closed metal ring, a first insulating bracket and a second insulating bracket;

[0005] A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch has a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point;

[0006] The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the opening direction of the closed metal ring;

[0007] A distance is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling; a distance is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling;

[0008] The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency;

[0009] The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solution: an antenna structure, comprising: a closed metal ring, a first insulating bracket, and a second insulating bracket;

[0011] A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch has a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point;

[0012] The closed metal ring surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch;

[0013] A distance is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a distance is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling;

[0014] The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency;

[0015] The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a communication device, including the above-mentioned antenna structure.

[0017] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a communication device, comprising the aforementioned antenna structure, and the first antenna branch also has a first grounding point, which can be controlled to be grounded through a capacitor, or grounded through an inductor, or floating.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: in the two types of antenna structures provided in the present application, the shape and size of the first antenna branch and the distance from the closed metal ring have a greater impact on the first resonant frequency band, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch and the distance from the closed metal ring have a greater impact on the second resonant frequency band. The closed metal ring can enhance radiation, and the two resonant frequency bands can be designed independently, thereby achieving two resonant frequency bands with a larger frequency spacing. Designers can adjust the positions of the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket along the circumference of the closed metal ring to obtain the expected circular polarization effect. Furthermore, even if the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket cannot be moved along the circumference of the closed metal ring due to the constraints of the structural design of the communication equipment, the designer can also move the positions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point along the circumference of the closed metal ring to adjust and obtain the expected circular polarization effect. The antenna structure is simple and compact, occupies a small space, and can be used in smaller communication devices such as smart watches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application and the communication device it comprises after removing some parts.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A front view of the communication device shown with some parts removed.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A rear view of the communication device shown with parts removed.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A rear view of the communication device shown with parts removed.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A side elevational view of the communication device shown with parts removed.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of several distributions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point in the communication device are shown.

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Return loss data for the GPS antenna in the communication device shown.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Efficiency data for the GPS antenna in the communication device shown.

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 1Return loss data for the Bluetooth antenna in the communication device shown.

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 Efficiency data for the Bluetooth antenna in the communication device shown.

[0029] Figure 11 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram comparing left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization of a GPS antenna in a communication device shown.

[0030] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the GPS antenna in the communication device shown.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a front view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application and the communication device it comprises.

[0032] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A side view of the communication device is shown.

[0033] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Orthographic projection view of the antenna structure shown on the reference plane.

[0034] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the first grounding point.

[0035] Among them, R, closed metal ring; D, display screen; H1, first insulating bracket; H2, second insulating bracket; A1, first antenna branch; A2, second antenna branch; C, back shell; F1, first feeding point; G1, first grounding point; F2, second feeding point; A3, third antenna branch; G3, third feeding point; G2, second grounding point; P, circuit board; B, battery; O, center of closed metal ring; C1, capacitor; L1, inductor; K1, switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In this application, it should be understood that terms such as "including" or "having" are intended to indicate the presence of disclosed features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or their combinations in the present specification, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or their combinations.

[0037] It should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] The present application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure, comprising: a closed metal ring, a first insulating support, and a second insulating support;

[0040] A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, wherein the first antenna branch has a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point;

[0041] The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side in the opening direction of the closed metal ring;

[0042] A gap is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling; a gap is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling;

[0043] The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency;

[0044] The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction.

[0045] The closed metal ring has a certain thickness and defines two openings. The direction of the opening of the closed metal ring can be defined as the extension direction of a straight line connecting the centers of the two openings. The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the closed metal ring in the direction of the opening, that is, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the side of one opening of the closed metal ring facing away from the other opening.

[0046] The shape and size of the first antenna branch, as well as its spacing from the closed metal ring, significantly influence the first resonant frequency band. The shape and size of the second antenna branch, as well as its spacing from the closed metal ring, significantly influence the second resonant frequency band. The closed metal ring enhances radiation, and the two resonant frequency bands can be designed independently, enabling the realization of two resonant frequency bands with a large frequency spacing. Furthermore, the size and shape of the closed metal ring also affect the two resonant frequency bands. This provides more flexible debugging methods for the two resonant frequency bands.

[0047] Furthermore, designers can adjust the positions of the first and second insulating supports along the circumference of the closed metal ring to achieve the desired circular polarization effect. Even if the first and second insulating supports cannot be moved along the circumference of the closed metal ring due to the structural design constraints of the communication equipment, designers can still adjust the positions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point along the circumference of the closed metal ring to achieve the desired circular polarization effect.

[0048] The antenna structure is simple and compact, occupies little space, and can be used in small communication devices such as smart watches.

[0049] Optionally, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the opening direction of the closed metal ring. Specifically, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the bottom side of the closed metal ring.

[0050] That is, in the application state, if the closed metal ring is placed horizontally, the opening direction of the closed metal ring is up and down, that is, one opening faces upward and the other opening faces downward, and the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located below the closed metal ring.

[0051] The following description assumes that the antenna structure is applied to a smart watch, and the smart watch is placed horizontally with the front side facing upward.

[0052] exist Figures 1 to 5 In the figure, part of the mechanical structure of the smart watch is removed to show the structural features related to this application. Figure 1 In the figure, the front of the smart watch shows the display screen D at the center of the front of the smart watch and the closed metal ring R surrounding the display screen D. If the smart watch is placed horizontally with the front face facing up, the first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2 are located below the closed metal ring R. For another example, Figure 3 In the figure, looking from the back of the smart watch, the back shell C (which can be made of metal or insulating material) on the back of the smart watch is shown. Figure 3 Some of the shells around the middle rear shell C are removed, thereby exposing the first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2, as well as some wiring on the back sides of the first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2.

[0053] The upper surface of the closed metal ring can be flat or curved. For example, the inner circumference of the closed metal ring can define a cylindrical interior space, a truncated cone interior space, or an interior space with steps. Of course, the shape of the closed metal ring can also be irregular. If the closed metal ring is placed on the outer surface of the communication device's housing, or is covered with a transparent material so that it is visible to the user, it can also enhance the appearance of the communication device.

[0054] refer to Figure 5 The first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2 have a certain thickness and do not contact the closed metal ring R, thereby forming a capacitive coupling between the first antenna branch A1 provided on the first insulating bracket H1 and the second antenna branch A2 provided on the second insulating bracket H2 and the closed metal ring R. The first antenna branch A1 and the second antenna branch A2 are formed on the corresponding insulating brackets, for example, by a 3D printing process. Of course, if the shape of these insulating brackets is regular and flat, the routing of these antenna branches can also be formed by deposition, etching, and other processes.

[0055] exist Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, a closed metal ring R is positioned on the outer surface of the smartwatch housing, giving the smartwatch an aesthetically pleasing appearance. A first insulating bracket H1 and a second insulating bracket H2 are positioned inside the smartwatch housing. The top surfaces of the first and second insulating brackets H1 and H2 are positioned adjacent to the closed metal ring R, but spaced apart from it.

[0056] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, the first grounding point G1 and the first feeding point F1 of the first antenna branch A1 are electrically connected to the circuit board P below. Figure 5 In the current viewing angle, the connection between the second grounding point G2 of the second antenna branch A2 and the circuit board P is not visible. Figure 5 The figure also shows the connection between the third antenna branch A3 (to be described later) and the circuit board P. Figure 5 Also shown is the battery B inside the smartwatch.

[0057] refer to Figure 2 , a portion of the first antenna branch A1 is formed on the upper surface of the first insulating support H1. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The routing of the first antenna branch A1 on the upper surface of the first insulating support H1 extends along the side of the first insulating support H1 to the lower surface of the first insulating support H1, and the first antenna branch A1 is provided with a first feeding point F1 and an optional first grounding point G1 on the lower surface of the first insulating support H1.

[0058] refer to Figure 2 , a portion of the second antenna branch A2 is formed on the upper surface of the second insulating bracket H2. Figure 4 The routing of the second antenna branch A2 on the upper surface of the second insulating support H2 extends along the side surface (not shown) of the second insulating support H2 to the lower surface of the second insulating support H2, and the second antenna branch A2 is provided with a second grounding point G2 on the lower surface of the second insulating support H2.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the surface area of ​​the insulating bracket can be maximized to enhance the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0060] In some possible variations, the upper surface of the first insulating support may contact the lower surface of the closed metal ring, with the first antenna trace entirely disposed on the lower surface of the first insulating support. The upper surface of the second insulating support may also contact the lower surface of the closed metal ring, with the second antenna trace entirely disposed on the lower surface of the second insulating support.

[0061] During research and development, the inventors of this application discovered that shifting the first feed point and second ground point along the circumference of the closed metal ring significantly affects the antenna structure's left-hand circular polarization isolation gain and right-hand circular polarization isolation gain. The inventors estimate that this is because the different positions of the first feed point and second ground point cause different effects on the electric field formed by the coupling of the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch through the closed metal ring, resulting in different magnitudes and angles of the horizontal and vertical vectors.

[0062] Figure 6 The numbers 12, 3, 6, and 9 in the diagram represent the 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions on the smartwatch dial. Divide the dial into four quadrants. The first feed point F1 and the second ground point A2 should be located in different quadrants, and the angle between their projections on the dial plane and the line connecting the dial center should be greater than 90°.

[0063] The inventors discovered that, according to Figure 6 The layout shown sets the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point A2 in different quadrants, and then moves the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point A2 along the circumference of the closed metal ring to adjust and obtain the expected right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and left-hand circular polarization isolation gain.

[0064] This is due to the compact structure of smartwatches, and their internal components can affect the performance of the antenna structure. Even when the antenna structure is isolated and tested separately, its circular polarization characteristics are sensitive to the positions of the first feed point and the second ground point along the circumference of the closed metal ring.

[0065] Figure 6 It can also be understood as a view of the dial, the first feeding point F1, the first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 being projected onto the reference plane, which is equivalent. The center of the dial corresponds to the center O of the closed metal ring.

[0066] The inventors have found through research that the circular polarization characteristic of the antenna structure is insensitive to the position of the first grounding point G1.

[0067] Combine Figure 6The angle between the first connecting line (O-F1) and the second connecting line (O-G2) is greater than 90 degrees. This results in a relatively large difference between the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch, and the enclosed metal ring constitute the GPS antenna (other types of circularly polarized dual-band antennas are also possible). Smartwatches often require a Bluetooth antenna to enable Bluetooth communication between the smartwatch and a mobile phone (other types of antennas are also acceptable, as long as they do not require coupling with the GPS antenna). Placing the Bluetooth antenna on the second antenna bracket can simplify the antenna structure.

[0069] That is, in some embodiments, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 A third antenna branch A3 is also provided on the second insulating bracket H2. The third antenna branch A3 has a third grounding point G3 and a second feeding point F2. There is no coupling between the third antenna branch A3 and the second antenna branch A2. The distance between the third antenna branch A3 and the closed metal ring R is greater than the distance between the second antenna branch A2 and the closed metal ring R, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch A3 and the closed metal ring R.

[0070] The third antenna branch should be sufficiently distant from the second antenna branch and from the enclosed metal ring so that it functions as an independent antenna. By moving the third antenna branch, an optimal position can be found where its impact on the dual-band circularly polarized antenna formed by the enclosed metal ring, the first antenna branch, and the second antenna branch is negligible. For this reason, the entire third antenna branch can optionally be formed on the surface of the second insulating support facing away from the enclosed metal ring.

[0071] The shape and size of the third antenna branch are independently designed. The third antenna branch is, for example, a 5G NR antenna (5G New Radio antenna).

[0072] Testing of the antenna structure of one embodiment of the present application revealed that the GPS antenna exhibited excellent dual-band circular polarization characteristics, and the Bluetooth antenna also performed as expected. Specifically, a smartwatch with this antenna structure was tested by wearing it on a simulated wrist, simulating a real-world application scenario.

[0073] Figure 7The figure shows the return loss of the GPS antenna in this antenna structure. The resonance around 1.545 GHz is caused by the coupling between the first antenna branch and the enclosed metal ring. This resonance can be adjusted by adjusting the shape and size of the first antenna branch. The resonance around 1.176 GHz is caused by the coupling between the second antenna branch and the enclosed metal ring. This resonance can also be adjusted by adjusting the shape and size of the second antenna branch.

[0074] In addition, the distances between the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring will also affect the two resonances. In this test example, the distances between the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are both 0.1 mm.

[0075] Figure 8 The figure shows the efficiency of the GPS antenna in this test example. When in wristband mode, the smartwatch achieved an efficiency of -6.5dB at 1.575GHz and -8.2dB at 1.176GHz, achieving industry-leading performance.

[0076] Figure 9 The figure shows the return loss of the Bluetooth antenna of the test example, which is caused by the third antenna branch. Figure 10 The figure shows the efficiency of the Bluetooth antenna of the test example. It can be found that the performance of the Bluetooth antenna also meets the industry standard.

[0077] The inventors further tested the circular polarization characteristics of the GPS antenna.

[0078] Figure 11 The figure shows the comparison of the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the GPS antenna in the L1 frequency band (1.575 GHz). Figure 11 The definition of Phi can be found in Figure 5 Assuming that the smartwatch is placed horizontally with the front side facing up, the x-axis is horizontal, the y-axis is vertical, and the z-axis (not shown) is another horizontal direction, then the Phi angle is the angle value in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis are located. Figure 11 The plane in Figure 5 The plane defined by the xy axes in .

[0079] As you can see, at the 90° position, that is, in the vertical upward direction, the GPS antenna's L1 frequency band is right-hand circularly polarized, which is the same polarization as the GPS satellite signal. This makes the GPS antenna very sensitive.

[0080] from Figure 12 It can be seen from the axial ratio data that the GPS antenna has an axial ratio of about 4dB in the vertical upward direction for 1.575GHz signals, which is a very good axial ratio data in the industry.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the lower surface of the closed metal ring is opposite to the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and the closed metal ring is relatively flat. In other variations, the antenna structure includes: a closed metal ring, a first insulating bracket, and a second insulating bracket;

[0082] A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, wherein the first antenna branch has a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point;

[0083] A closed metal ring surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch;

[0084] A gap is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a gap is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling;

[0085] The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency;

[0086] The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is the second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.

[0087] That is, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are opposite to the inner circumference of the closed metal ring. The working principle is similar to that of the above embodiment.

[0088] Still taking the antenna structure provided on a smart watch as an example, the closed metal ring may be a closed metal ring provided on the side of the smart watch.

[0089] refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 A display screen D is set on the front of the smart watch, and a closed metal ring R is set on the side.

[0090] refer to Figure 15 The first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2 are arranged on the inner side of the smart watch housing, and the two are respectively opposite to the inner circumference of the closed metal ring.

[0091] The first insulating bracket H1 may be a curved plate-shaped structure that matches the shape of the inner circumference of the closed metal ring R, or may be an irregular structure, or a flat plate structure.

[0092] The working principle of the antenna structure is similar to that of the aforementioned embodiment, with the only difference being that the spatial positional relationship between the closed metal ring, the first insulating support, and the second insulating support is changed.

[0093] For example, in some embodiments, the angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line is greater than 90°.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first antenna branch further has a first ground point.

[0095] In some embodiments, a third antenna branch is further provided on the second insulating bracket, the third antenna branch having a third grounding point and a second feeding point, there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and the distance between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring is greater than the distance between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring.

[0096] In some embodiments, the third antenna branch constitutes a Bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch, and the closed metal ring constitute a GPS antenna.

[0098] It is easy to understand that the first insulating bracket H1 and the second insulating bracket H2 can be moved along the circumference of the closed metal ring R, or the positions of the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point G2 can be moved along the circumference of the closed metal ring R to debug the dual-frequency circular polarization characteristics.

[0099] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, comprising the aforementioned antenna structure.

[0100] The communication device is, for example, a smart wearable device (such as a smart watch).

[0101] In some embodiments, the closed metal ring is formed on the outer surface of the housing of the communication device, and the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket are arranged on the inner side of the housing of the communication device.

[0102] In some embodiments, when the first antenna branch has a first grounding point, the first grounding point can be controlled to be grounded via a capacitor, or grounded via an inductor, or floating.

[0103] refer to Figure 16 A capacitor, an inductor, and a blank space are provided on the circuit board of the smartwatch. The first grounding point is connected to the capacitor C1, the inductor L1, and the blank space (this point is not connected to anything) via switches K1, K2, and K3, respectively. Alternatively, the three output terminals of a commercially available single-pole, four-throw (SP4T) switch chip can be connected to the capacitor C1, the inductor L1, and the blank space, respectively, while the input terminal of the SP4T switch chip is connected to the first grounding point G1. This application does not limit the form of the switch element.

[0104] When debugging the smartwatch's antenna performance, the first grounding point G1 can be connected to capacitor C1, thereby connecting it to ground via capacitor C1; it can also be connected to inductor L1, thereby connecting it to ground via inductor L1; or it can be connected to an empty space, thereby leaving it floating. This has the beneficial effect of increasing the flexibility of antenna structure debugging. Whether the first grounding point G1 is connected to ground via capacitor C1, inductor L1, or floating, it will affect the performance of the antenna structure.

[0105] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0106] The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, the intention of this application also includes such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: A closed metal ring, a first insulating bracket and a second insulating bracket; A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, wherein the first antenna branch has a first feeding point and a first grounding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point; The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the opening direction of the closed metal ring; A distance is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling; a distance is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, and the two have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling; The first antenna branch, the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring constitute a GPS antenna; The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency; A third antenna branch is further provided on the second insulating support. The third antenna branch has a third grounding point and a second feeding point. There is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the second antenna branch. The distance between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring is greater than the distance between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring. The third antenna branch constitutes a Bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna; The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization gain and the left-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna structure. The angle between the first line and the second line is greater than 90°, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The third antenna branches are all formed on a surface of the second insulating support facing away from the closed metal ring.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first antenna branch extends from the surface of the first insulating support opposite to the closed metal ring along the surface of the first insulating support to the surface of the first insulating support facing away from the closed metal ring, and the first feeding point is located on the surface of the first insulating support facing away from the closed metal ring.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The second antenna branch extends from the surface of the second insulating support opposite to the closed metal ring along the surface of the second insulating support to the surface of the second insulating support facing away from the closed metal ring, and the second grounding point is located on the surface of the second insulating support facing away from the closed metal ring.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the opening direction of the closed metal ring. Specifically, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the bottom side of the closed metal ring.

6. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: A closed metal ring, a first insulating bracket, and a second insulating bracket; A first antenna branch is provided on the first insulating support, and a second antenna branch is provided on the second insulating support, wherein the first antenna branch has a first feeding point and a first grounding point, and the second antenna branch has a second grounding point; The closed metal ring surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch; A distance is left between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a distance is left between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling; The first antenna branch, the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring constitute a GPS antenna; The shape and size of the first antenna branch partially determine the first resonant frequency, and the shape and size of the second antenna branch partially determine the second resonant frequency; A third antenna branch is further provided on the second insulating support. The third antenna branch has a third grounding point and a second feeding point. There is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the second antenna branch. The distance between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring is greater than the distance between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal ring. The third antenna branch constitutes a Bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna; The line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, and the line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line. The directions of the first line and the second line are set to affect the right-hand circular polarization gain and the left-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna structure. The angle between the first line and the second line is greater than 90°, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.

7. A communication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The communication device according to claim 7, wherein: The closed metal ring is formed on the outer surface of the housing of the communication device, and the first insulating support and the second insulating support are arranged on the inner side of the housing of the communication device.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna structure according to claim 1 or 6, the first grounding point can be controlled to be grounded via a capacitor, or grounded via an inductor, or floating.

Images