Ophthalmic system and method for a clinical device for transscleral illumination using multiple point sources

Abstract

An ophthalmic illumination and imaging system using trans-scleral / trans-eyelid illumination of the fundus, comprising an optical transmission device having a plurality of emission regions; each emission region being configured to be independently controllable and directed to the sclera of a target eye to be measured, thereby providing trans-scleral oblique illumination of the fundus; an active eye aberration correction system; and an imaging system configured to generate a plurality of images of the fundus on a plurality of imaging sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to oblique trans-scleral illumination of the retina using multiple (physical point) light sources around the eye, allowing dark field imaging, high-resolution imaging, large field of view imaging, and retinal tracking. Background Art

[0002] We have described in PCT / IB2017 / 052803 (Systems, Methods, and Apparatus for Retinal Absorption Phase and Dark Field Imaging Using Oblique Illumination) a method for trans-scleral illumination that allows for dark field and phase gradient techniques by using the scattering properties of the fundus.

[0003] Current ophthalmic devices based on OCT, OCT angiography, and SLO have implemented tracking systems through adjusted scanning beams. Retinal tracking systems described in the context of ophthalmic instruments include methods for monitoring the retina and measuring its displacement, combined with methods for actively keeping the retinal imaging area stationary (even when the eye is moving). Even when the patient is unable to fixate on a target, these systems are generally able to actively guide the imaging area anywhere (within a given range) where the operator selects to image.

[0004] An SLO system coupled with a tracking system and adaptive optics is described in US7758189B2 (Stable Retinal Imaging Using Adaptive Optics), where a first module tracks a reference feature in the eye and a second module controls the beam to move the imaging beam to the reference feature. A related publication on the same system, "Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope with Integrated Wide-Field Retinal Imaging and Tracking," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 27(11), 2010. It includes large field of view imaging features (>25° at the retina). A competitive method for retinal tracking at 960 Hz is also presented in "Active Eye Tracking for Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope" (Biomed. Opt. Exp., 6(7), 2015).

[0005] Retinal tracking has also been implemented in OCT and OCT angiography systems, as described, for example, in US6726325B2 (Tracking-Assisted Optical Coherence Tomography), US6736508B2 (Tracking-Assisted Optical Processes), US8,857,988B2 (Data Acquisition Methods for Reducing Motion Artifacts and Applications in OCT Angiography). OCT devices combined with eye tracking are described in detail in US2014 / 0334707A1 (Methods and Apparatus for Image-Based Eye Tracking for Retinal Diagnostic or Surgical Devices) or US9033510B2 (Systems and Methods for Efficiently Obtaining Measurements of the Human Eye Using Tracking).

[0006] Recently, OCT modalities have been combined with SLO systems and adaptive optics systems to obtain a large field of view. AO-OCT systems integrating retinal tracking have been proposed, for example, in "Adaptive Optics Optical Coherence Tomography Using Dynamic Retinal Tracking" (Biomed. Opt. Exp., 5(7), 2014). Systems including OCT, SLO, and retinal tracking are described in detail in US8696122B2 (Multifunctional Adaptive Optics Retinal Imaging).

[0007] The method proposed in PCT WO2018197288A1 (Systeme et méthode d'imagerie rétinienne multi - echelle) is a multi - scale device having multiple illumination modules coupled to a scanning system. In this invention, the scanning system is made by using the SLO or OCT method with adaptive optics.

[0008] The principle described in "Adaptive Optics for Pupil Tracking in High - Resolution Retinal Imaging" (Biomed. Opt. Exp. 2(3), 2012) uses information from pupil displacement to correct eye aberrations using adaptive optics. It includes a camera - based system to track the pupil position.

[0009] Fundus camera systems have been developed using trans - scleral illumination or trans - eyelid illumination. PCT WO 2017 / 151921A1 (Method and Apparatus for Fundus Photography Employing Trans - Eyelid and Trans - Scleral Illumination) describes a wide - field - of - view trans - scleral or trans - eyelid system that uses different devices and shapes for the light projection system and scleral / skin tissue. PCTJP2006522653A (Method and System for Illuminating the Eye Through the Sclera) also proposes a fundus imaging system that projects a light beam onto the sclera. Annidis company also has a commercial device that uses trans - scleral illumination to image the choroid (US2015 / 0055094A, Method and Apparatus for Imaging the Choroid). In 2017, Lingenfelder et al. proposed a trans - scleral illumination system using LEDs ("Trans - Scleral LED Illuminator Pen", Biomed. Eng. Lett. 7, 2017).

[0010] Finally, patent US2004 / 0196399A1 (Device Incorporating Retinal Tracking) describes a device integrating a retinal tracking system for determining the direction in which a user is gazing at a micro - display.

[0011] The contrast of phase objects can be increased by performing filtering on the Fourier plane (or the through-hole plane). The principle of microscopy has been demonstrated in the following publications: What can a spatial light modulator do for microscopy, Laser & Photonics Reviews 5, 81-101 (2011); Spiral phase microscopy, Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics 146, 1-20 (2007); Ed. P. Hawkes, Academic Press (ISBN-13: 978-0-12-373908-7) and SLM-based off-axis Fourier filtering in microscopy using white light illumination, Opt. Exp., 20(14), 2012.

[0012] The above trans-scleral method is described using one illumination point or sometimes two illumination points, where the two point sources provide illumination either simultaneously or non-simultaneously. Here, by "point" we mean "like a point source", e.g. a small area. We refer to any propagating light beam that illuminates a specific part of the eye / eyelid or even the entire eye / eyelid.

[0013] None of the above systems provide a system that uses trans-scleral illumination to simultaneously provide high-resolution (adaptive optics correction) images and a large field of view to perform retinal tracking.

[0014] None of the above inventions use a tracking system implemented in a retinal imaging system (full field) based on a multi-pixel sensor camera coupled to an adaptive optics system. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention provides an ophthalmic illumination and imaging system using trans-scleral / trans-eyelid illumination of the fundus. The system includes: an optical transmission device having a plurality of emission regions; each emission region being configured to be independently controllable and directed towards the sclera of a target eye to be measured, thereby providing trans-scleral oblique illumination of the fundus; an active eye aberration correction system; and an imaging system configured to generate a plurality of images of the fundus on a plurality of imaging sensors.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the active tracking system is configured to track the movement of the fundus and is configured to spatially stabilize at least one of the plurality of images of the fundus.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the tracking system includes a tracking sensor that measures the movement of the fundus and a tracking corrector configured to correct at least one of the plurality of images that is spatially stabilized for the movement.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the system further includes a sequential switch configured to sequentially turn on one of the plurality of emitter regions at a time and enable the corresponding time sequence of the fundus images generated by the imaging system.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the active eye aberration correction system includes a wavefront sensor and a wavefront corrector.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment, the plurality of images are generated using an optical transmission device.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment, at least one of the plurality of fundus images is used to measure eye movement.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, eye movement correction is performed by tilting a mirror located at the optically conjugate eye pupil plane.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the tilt ability of a wavefront corrector for actively correcting eye aberration is used to correct eye movement.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment, 2-axis tilting of a wavefront corrector having an external rotary stage is used to correct eye movement.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, 2-axis tilting of a mirror that is not a wavefront corrector is used to correct eye movement.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, due to a beam splitter or dichroic mirror, the multiple imaging paths for forming the plurality of fundus images are separated.

[0027] In another preferred embodiment, the optical transmission device includes a light diffuser.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, a diffuser integrated in the optical transmission device is used to obtain a light spot several millimeters wide on the sclera or skin surface.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment, the diffuser moves to produce a time average of speckle noise.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, the wavelength of the optical transmission device is selected within the transmission range of the sclera-choroid-skin of approximately from 400 nm to 1200 nm.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the optical transmission device includes a plurality of basic components, such as light emitting diodes, superluminescent diodes, organic light emitting diodes, optical fibers.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment, each emission region has an emission time spectrum different from each other.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, each emission region has an emission angle spectrum different from each other.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the system further includes a camera configured to record the interference of one or more outgoing beams from the pupil and additional reference beams extracted from the light transmission device before entering the eye.

[0035] In another preferred embodiment, a non-uniform phase or absorption object is placed in the conjugate pupil plane to increase phase contrast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The content of the drawings is briefly described below.

[0037] Figure 1 An optical system including a diffuser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 2 A photograph and design of a design prototype having 2 lenses and a diffuser are shown, wherein light is provided by a multimode fiber connected to the optical system.

[0039] Figure 3 A system for projecting light onto the sclera is shown, wherein the light is provided from a light emitting diode (LED).

[0040] Figure 4 A setup for simultaneously generating large field of view (FOV) and small FOV images from 2 separate imaging paths according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0041] Figure 5 A scheme for measuring interference is shown.

[0042] Figure 6 An example flowchart of a retinal tracking process is included.

[0043] Figure 7 An illustration of an inclined plane including the conjugate pupil plane is included.

[0044] Figure 8 An optical arrangement of large FOV and small FOV imaging paths from trans-scleral illumination is shown.

[0045] Figure 9 An example layout according to the present invention that uses the wavefront corrector plane as the tracking corrector plane is shown.

[0046] Figure 10 An example layout of the present invention using a tracking corrector in different pupil planes is shown.

[0047] Figure 11 An example phase / absorption pattern in the Fourier / pupil plane for filtering a beam is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Overview

[0049] The present invention relates to an ophthalmic system and method based on transscleral illumination coupled with an adaptive optics device and a retinal tracking component (feature). The system may include a retinal camera that images the retina at a high resolution with a digital sampling of less than 2 μm / pixel, and a retinal camera that images the retina over a larger field of view (typically greater than 30°) with a digital sampling of 20 μm / pixel. In addition, the imaging system includes an adaptive optics loop to correct for the aberrations of the eye. The adaptive optics loop is implemented using, but not limited to, a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a deformable mirror. The wavefront sensor senses the aberrations in real time and sends control feedback to the deformable mirror. The tracking system is implemented with a two-axis tilt mirror (or a tipping / tilting platform) in the relay pupil plane of the imaging system, where the tilt is calculated using the large field of view image as feedback.

[0050] Rather than using the eye lens as part of the illumination path, different layers of the eye (retina, choroid, sclera, and skin) are used as the transmissive scattering layer for illumination. The following scenarios are provided as examples:

[0051] · Light passes through the eye, sclera, choroid, and the skin layer near the retina. The transmitted scattered light illuminates the fundus. No light enters the pupil-lens. The light transmission device is non-contact.

[0052] · The optical device that transmits the propagating beam (hereinafter referred to as the "beam") to the sclera or skin is designed to form a focal spot or any defined light surface shape (hereinafter referred to as the "spot") on the sclera or skin, and the spot has a diameter of several millimeters.

[0053] · The optical device that transmits the beam to the sclera or skin is designed with a diffusing element to reduce the spatial coherence of the source, and the diffuser moves so as to average the speckle pattern over time on the sensor.

[0054] · The retinal tracking system operates as a closed loop, where the large field of view (hereinafter referred to as "FOV") image is used as feedback. The large FOV camera is the tracking sensor.

[0055] · The implementation of the retinal tracking system benefits from a two-axis tilt actuator on which a reflective surface (hereinafter referred to as the "mirror") is mounted and placed at the optically conjugate pupil plane. The mirror placed on the tilt actuator is the tracking corrector.

[0056] · The conjugate pupil plane for performing retinal tracking is the correction plane of the adaptive optics loop.

[0057] · The adaptive optics and the retinal tracking loop are connected.

[0058] · Obtain large FOV images using the same transscleral illumination as the high-resolution images.

[0059] · The imaging optical path is split, where most of the power enters the high-resolution path to maintain good SNR on the high-resolution image while having good contrast on the large FOV image.

[0060] The power ratio of the large FOV beam to the high-resolution beam is, but not limited to, 4% for the large field of view and 96% for the high resolution.

[0061] · The phase contrast image of the retinal transparent layer is enhanced by inserting a phase or absorption pattern on the pupil plane.

[0062] · Detection is performed by interfering the sensor between one or more transscleral illumination sources and a reference beam.

[0063] · Optical sections at the photoreceptor / RPE layer are provided by a combination of pupil / transscleral illumination.

[0064] · The transscleral beam is shaped to maximize light transmission through the eye tissue.

[0065] Illumination is provided by a single light source or a combination of multiple light sources in the range (but not limited to) 400 to 1200 nm. Such light sources are, but not limited to: light-emitting diodes, organic light-emitting diodes, superluminescent light-emitting diodes, quantum dot light sources, lamps, blackbody radiation sources, side-emitting optical fibers, forward-emitting optical fibers with elements for guiding light to the skin. Different light sources in the same transmission device can provide the same or different illumination spectra.

[0066] Illumination method and device:

[0067] Configuration 1

[0068] Reference Figure 1 , an illumination beam 100 is provided by a laser diode coupled to a multimode optical fiber 101. The output of the multimode optical fiber 101 irradiates a light diffuser 102 (scattering plate) to cover a disk with a diameter of d0 on the light diffuser 102. The extended source generated by the disk with diameter d0 emits a beam, which is collimated by a first lens L1, and a second lens L2 forms an image with a corresponding diameter d1 on the sclera 103 or skin of the disk with diameter d0.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 , in order to average the speckle grains generated by the spatially coherent light of the laser diode, the diffuser can be mounted on a moving plate 200 actuated by a vibrator 201. The vibrator 201 moves the speckle pattern faster than the integration time of the imaging camera (not shown in Figure 2 ). This figure shows an example of a design integrated with a 1-inch lens.

[0070] Configuration 2

[0071] Reference Figure 3 , the system that projects light onto the sclera 103 is a light-emitting diode (LED) (the LED is not shown in the figure). The LED device generates a square extended source with side x0, which is collimated by the first lens L1 and imaged by the lens L2 onto the sclera 103 or the skin. The image of the LED is a square with side x1.

[0072] Imaging device

[0073] Configuration 1

[0074] Reference Figure 4 , large field of view (FOV) and small field of view images are generated simultaneously by 2 separate imaging paths. The separation is performed by placing a sliding optical element that uses a small fraction x0 of the total optical flux to obtain the large field of view image.

[0075] Configuration 2

[0076] Reference Figure 5 , the image after trans-scleral illumination is obtained by superimposing the reference beam 500 onto the beam 501 emerging from the eye / retina 103. The final image is extracted from the interference.

[0077] Configuration 3

[0078] Reference Figure 6 , which is used to show that the tracking system is implemented according to the proposed flowchart. A set of images is acquired and then these images are aligned. From now on, the average value calculated from this set of images will be used as a reference. In the next step, the shift and rotation are calculated. Then the correction is applied to the tiled image and the image is recorded. The large field of view imaging system provides feedback to the tracking corrector / actuator. If an event such as a blink or pupil loss occurs, the tracking loop continues.

[0079] Reference Figure 7 , which contains a schematic diagram of the tracking actuator or corrector. The actuator is configured to be placed at the conjugate pupil plane and generate tilts along two orthogonal directions.

[0080] Configuration 4

[0081] Reference Figure 8 , which shows an optical arrangement combining wavefront correction and retinal tracking. The wavefront correction closed loop consists of a wavefront sensor (WFS) and a wavefront corrector (WFC). The retinal tracking consists of a large field of view acquisition device, which is used as a tracking sensor (TS) and a tracking corrector (TC). In this example, the tracking corrector and the wavefront corrector are combined in a single device, which can be a deformable mirror, a spatial light modulator.

[0082] Alternatively, the WFS sensor can also directly measure the tilt to perform retinal tracking.

[0083] Reference Figure 9 , which shows an example layout according to the present invention. After being irradiated by trans-scleral illumination, the retina R is imaged through the eye pupil P. The system consists of two imaging paths of different scales, which end with a large field of view camera and a high-resolution camera. The wavefront aberration correction system consists of a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a deformable mirror wavefront corrector. The retinal tracking system consists of a large FOV camera used as a tracking sensor and a deformable mirror used as a tracking corrector. The deformable mirror generates the tilt for tracking correction by deforming its reflective film and / or by being located on top of a two-axis rotating stage.

[0084] Reference Figure 10 , showing another example layout according to the present invention. Except for the retinal tracking corrector, the description is the same as Figure 9 . In this example, a movable mirror is used as the tracking corrector, but this mirror is not the wavefront corrector used in the wavefront aberration correction system. The movable mirror is located at the pupil conjugate plane and consists of a regular planar mirror placed on a two-axis rotating stage.

[0085] Configuration 5

[0086] Reference Figure 11 , which shows examples of phase / absorption patterns in the Fourier / pupil plane to perform filtering of the light beam. Three pattern examples are given: dark field, center phase contrast, and spiral phase contrast. The diffracted light beam will be filtered to obtain a high-contrast image of a phase object (such as the transparent cells of the retina).

[0087] The technical background of the present invention includes the prior art discussed herein, as well as technical fields such as trans-scleral illumination, phase contrast imaging, dark field retinal imaging and quantitative phase contrast microscopy, retinal tracking, large / small FOV, etc.

[0088] The following lists some published documents on ophthalmic devices using trans-scleral illumination:

[0089] -WO2017195163A1, Systems, methods, and devices for retinal absorption phase and dark field imaging using oblique illumination.

[0090] -US7387385B2, Surgical microscope

[0091] -US2007 / 0159600A1, Trans-scleral ophthalmic illumination method and system

[0092] -US20070030448A1, Illumination unit for fundus cameras and / or ophthalmoscopes

[0093] -A. Schalenbourg, L. Zografos, "Defects in color photography of choroidal tumors". Eye. 2013;27(2):224 - 229

[0094] Devrim Toslak, Damber Thapa, Yanjun Chen, Muhammet Kazim Erol, R.V.P. Paul Chan and Xincheng Yao, "Transpalpebral illumination: A wide - angle fundus photography method without pupil dilation", Opt. Lett. 41, 2688 - 2691 (2016).

[0095] Previous literature on dark - field imaging for ophthalmology:

[0096] -D. Scoles, Y.N. Sulai and A. Dubra, "In vivo dark - field imaging of retinal pigment epithelial mosaics", Biomed. Opt. Exp. 4, 9, 1710 - 1723 (2013)

[0097] -T.Y.P. Chui, D.A. VanNasdale and S.A. Burns, "Using forward scattering to improve retinal vessel imaging with an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope", Biomed. Opt. Exp. 3, 10, 2537 - 2549 (2012)

[0098] -T.Y.P. Chui, T.J. Gast and S.A. Burns, "Imaging the fine structure of the vessel wall in the human retina with an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope", Invest Ophthalmol VisSci. 54, 7115–7124 (2013).

[0099] Previous literature on retinal tracking:

[0100] -US6726325B2, Tracking - assisted optical coherence tomography,

[0101] -US6736508B2, Tracking - assisted optical process,

[0102] -US8,857,988B2, Data acquisition method for reducing motion artifacts and application in OCT angiography

[0103] -US2014 / 0334707A1, Method and apparatus for image - based eye tracking for retinal diagnostic or surgical devices

[0104] -US9033510B2, Systems and methods for efficiently obtaining measurements of the human eye using tracking.

[0105] -Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography using dynamic retinal tracking, Biomed.Opt.Exp., 5(7), 2014.

[0106] -US7758189B2, Stable retinal imaging using adaptive optics

[0107] -“Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with integrated wide-field retinal imaging and tracking”, J.Opt.Soc.Am.A, 27(11), 2010.

[0108] -“Active eye tracking for adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope”, Biomed.Opt.Exp., 6(7), 2015.

[0109] -US 2004 / 0196399 A1, Devices incorporating retinal tracking.

[0110] Previous literature on multi-scale retinal imaging:

[0111] -US8696122B2, Multifunctional adaptive optics retinal imaging.

[0112] -WO2018197288A1, Système et méthode d'imagerie rétinienne multi-échelle.

[0113] Previous literature on Fourier filtering for phase imaging:

[0114] -What can a spatial light modulator do for microscopy, Laser and Photonics Reviews 5, 81-101 (2011).

[0115] -Spiral phase microscopy, Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics 146, 1-20 (2007); Ed. P. Hawkes, Academic Press (ISBN-13:978-0-12-373908-7).

[0116] -SLM-based off-axis Fourier filtering in microscopy using white light illumination, Opt.Exp., 20(14), 2012.

[0117] Applications

[0118] Applications of the system include quantitative phase imaging of retinal layers at the photoreceptor apex between the inner limiting membrane and the outer limiting membrane, namely:

[0119] -ILM - Inner limiting membrane

[0120] -RNFL - Retinal nerve fiber layer

[0121] -GCL - Ganglion cell layer

[0122] -IPL - Inner plexiform layer

[0123] -INL - Inner nuclear layer

[0124] -OPL - Outer plexiform layer

[0125] -ONL - Outer nuclear layer

[0126] -ELM - Outer limiting membrane

[0127] Next, the proposed system can be used to provide dark field or absorption contrast images of the choroid and RPE (retinal pigment epithelium), allowing imaging of choroidal tumors and the choroidal microvascular system with enhanced contrast.

[0128] Due to phase contrast in any of the above layers, the proposed system can image clear cells.

[0129] Retinal tracking allows for longitudinal follow-up of patients over many years and thus enables clinical application of the device.

Claims

1. An ophthalmic illumination and imaging system using trans-scleral / trans-eyelid illumination of the fundus, the system comprising: An optical transmission device having a plurality of emission regions; Each emission region is configured to be independently controllable and directed at the sclera of the target eye to be measured, thereby providing trans-scleral oblique illumination of the fundus; An active eye aberration correction system; And Characterized in that: the system further comprises an imaging system configured to generate a plurality of images of the fundus on a plurality of imaging sensors, the plurality of imaging sensors including a retinal camera for imaging the retina of the target eye to be measured at high resolution and a retinal camera for imaging the retina over a large field of view, Wherein, the active eye aberration correction system consists of a wavefront sensor and a wavefront corrector, The system further comprises: an active tracking system configured to track the movement of the fundus and configured to spatially stabilize at least one of the plurality of images of the fundus, Wherein, at least one of the plurality of fundus images is used to measure eye movement, Wherein, the tilt ability of the wavefront corrector for active correction of eye aberration is used to correct eye movement, or the 2-axis tilt of the entire wavefront corrector with an external rotary stage is used to correct eye movement, or the 2-axis tilt of a mirror that is not a wavefront corrector is used to correct eye movement.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The retinal camera is configured to image the retina with a digital sampling of less than 2 mm / pixel.

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The retinal camera is configured to image the retina with a digital sampling of 20 mm / pixel.

4. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The imaging system is configured to simultaneously generate a plurality of images of the fundus on a plurality of imaging sensors.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The tracking system includes a tracking sensor and a tracking corrector, the tracking sensor measures the movement of the fundus, and the tracking corrector is configured to correct at least one image spatially stabilized for movement among the plurality of images.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises: A sequential switch configured to sequentially turn on one of the plurality of emitter regions at a time and enable the corresponding time sequence of the fundus images generated by the imaging system.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of images are generated using the optical transmission device.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein Eye movement is corrected by tilting a mirror located at the optically conjugate eye pupil plane.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein Due to a beam splitter or dichroic mirror, the plurality of imaging paths for forming the plurality of fundus images are separated.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein The optical transmission device includes a light diffuser.

11. The system according to claim 10, wherein, The diffuser integrated in the optical transmission device is used to obtain a spot several millimeters wide on the sclera or skin surface.

12. The system according to claim 10, wherein, The diffuser moves to produce a time average of speckle noise.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The wavelength of the optical transmission device is selected within the transmission range of the sclera-choroid-skin from 400 nm to 1200 nm.

14. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The optical transmission device includes a plurality of basic components.

15. The system according to claim 13, wherein, Each emission region has a different emission time spectrum from each other.

16. The system according to claim 13, wherein, Each emission region has a different emission angular spectrum from each other.

17. The system according to claim 1 further includes a camera configured to record the interference of one or more outgoing beams from the pupil and an additional reference beam extracted from the light transmission device before entering the eye.

18. The system according to claim 1, wherein A non-uniform phase or absorption object is placed in the conjugate pupil plane to increase phase contrast.

19. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The large field of view is a large field of view of at least 30º.

20. The system according to claim 14, wherein The basic component is a light-emitting diode or an optical fiber.

21. The system according to claim 14, wherein The basic component is a superluminescent light-emitting diode or an organic light-emitting diode.

Images