Spindle and machining center

Abstract

The present application provides a spindle and a machining center. The spindle includes a shaft core (1), a first spacer ring (2), a second spacer ring (3), and a bearing (4). The first spacer ring (2), the second spacer ring (3), and the bearing (4) are sleeved on the shaft core (1) in sequence along the axial direction. The shaft core (1) has an end flange (5). The first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) are located between the bearing (4) and the end flange (5). The first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) have mating end faces, and the mating end faces can adjust the axial lengths of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) when the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) rotate relative to each other. According to the spindle and the machining center of the present application, the rapid and convenient disassembly of the spindle bearing can be achieved, and the difficulty of bearing disassembly can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electric spindles, and particularly to a spindle and a machining center. Background Art

[0002] In the design of the spindle shafting structure, to ensure that the shaft core has the ability to transmit torque, the inner ring of the spindle bearing and the shaft core are generally designed with an interference fit. When the bearing with an interference fit needs to be disassembled, a relatively large unloading load is required. Conventional tools or hands cannot easily separate the inner ring of the bearing from the shaft core, and a special bearing puller is often needed. However, due to the limitation of the spindle structure space, sometimes the puller cannot extend into the front spacer ring, resulting in difficult disassembly.

[0003] Even if the sleeve, the front end cover, and the locking nut are all removed, since the gaps between the front spacer ring and the shaft core and between the shaft core and the front flange are still very narrow, the puller still cannot extend into this narrow space. Therefore, the puller still cannot reach the end face of the front spacer ring to apply a disassembly force to the bearing, and the disassembly of the spindle bearing is still very difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a spindle and a machining center that can achieve quick and convenient disassembly of the spindle bearing and reduce the difficulty of bearing disassembly.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this application provides a spindle, including a shaft core, a first spacer ring, a second spacer ring, and a bearing. The first spacer ring, the second spacer ring, and the bearing are sleeved on the shaft core in sequence along the axial direction. The shaft core has an end flange. The first spacer ring and the second spacer ring are located between the bearing and the end flange. The first spacer ring and the second spacer ring have mating end faces, and the mating end faces can adjust the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring when the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring rotate relative to each other.

[0006] Preferably, the end face of the first spacer ring facing the second spacer ring is a first inclined plane, and the end face of the second spacer ring facing the first spacer ring is a second inclined plane. When the first spacer ring rotates relative to the second spacer ring, the first inclined plane rotates relative to the second inclined plane, and the contact position between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane changes.

[0007] Preferably, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring are the largest, the axial highest points of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are in contact, and they are not in contact at other positions.

[0008] Preferably, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring are the smallest, the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane form a surface contact.

[0009] Preferably, both the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are flat surfaces, and their inclination degrees are the same.

[0010] Preferably, the second spacer ring includes an adjusting end and a shaft extending end. The adjusting end cooperates with the first spacer ring, and the shaft extending end extends towards the bearing and abuts against the inner ring of the bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the main shaft further includes a front flange, which is located on the outer peripheral side of the shaft extending end and between the adjusting end and the bearing, and the adjusting end is in sealing cooperation with the front flange.

[0012] Preferably, a labyrinth seal is provided between the adjusting end and the front flange.

[0013] Preferably, an avoidance groove is provided on the end face of the front flange located on the outer peripheral side of the adjusting end.

[0014] Preferably, the main shaft further includes an adjusting member, which can be inserted between the mating end faces of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring to increase the total axial length of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring.

[0015] Preferably, an operating structure for outputting a rotational acting force to the second spacer ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second spacer ring.

[0016] Preferably, the operating structure includes a disassembly opening and / or a disassembly protrusion, and a plurality of disassembly openings and / or disassembly protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second spacer ring.

[0017] Preferably, the first spacer ring is circumferentially fixed relative to the shaft core.

[0018] Preferably, an installation groove is provided at one end of the shaft core facing the first spacer ring, and the first spacer ring is embedded in the installation groove and forms a circumferential limit with the shaft core.

[0019] Preferably, the first spacer ring and the shaft core are bolt-connected; or, the first spacer ring and the shaft core are pin-connected; or, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring, and a groove for plugging and mating with the protrusion of the first spacer ring is provided at the bottom of the installation groove or a protrusion for plugging and mating with the groove of the first spacer ring is provided at the bottom of the installation groove; or, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring, and a groove for plugging and mating with the protrusion of the first spacer ring is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the installation groove or a protrusion for plugging and mating with the groove of the first spacer ring is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the installation groove.

[0020] Preferably, the first spacer ring can rotate relative to the shaft core, and an operating structure for outputting a rotational acting force to the first spacer ring is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring.

[0021] Preferably, a shoulder is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring facing the end flange.

[0022] Preferably, the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring have the same structure.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present application, a machining center is provided, including a main shaft, and the main shaft is the main shaft described above.

[0024] The spindle provided by this application includes a shaft core, a first spacer ring, a second spacer ring, and a bearing. The first spacer ring, the second spacer ring, and the bearing are sleeved on the shaft core in sequence along the axial direction. The shaft core has an end flange. The first spacer ring and the second spacer ring are located between the bearing and the end flange. The first spacer ring and the second spacer ring have mating end faces. The mating end faces can adjust the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring when the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring rotate relative to each other. When the bearing needs to be disassembled for this spindle, the relative rotation of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring can be controlled, so that the mating end faces of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring rotate relative to each other, thereby adjusting the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring. Since the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring are arranged between the end flange and the bearing, and the end flange belongs to the shaft core, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring increase, the position of the first spacer ring relative to the end flange remains unchanged, while the second spacer ring extends towards the bearing relative to the end flange, capable of applying an axial force to the inner ring of the bearing, driving the inner ring of the bearing to slide and finally disengaging from the shaft core, achieving the purpose of quickly disassembling the bearing without damaging the bearing, realizing the quick and convenient disassembly of the spindle bearing, and reducing the difficulty of bearing disassembly. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a sectional structure diagram of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the first spacer ring of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of the first spacer ring of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic C-C sectional structure diagram of;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the second spacer ring of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a structure diagram of the second spacer ring of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a schematic D-D sectional structure diagram of;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the front flange of the spindle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 10 Structural diagram of the front flange of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram in the A-A direction;

[0036] Figure 12 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 13 Cross-sectional structure diagram of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the first spacer ring of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 15 Structural diagram of the first spacer ring of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 16 is Figure 15 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0041] Figure 17 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the second spacer ring of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 18 Structural diagram of the second spacer ring of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 19 is Figure 18 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram in the A-A direction;

[0044] Figure 20 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the front flange of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 21 Structural diagram of the front flange of the main shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 22 is Figure 21 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram in the A-A direction.

[0047] The reference numerals are shown as:

[0048] 1, shaft core; 2, first spacer ring; 3, second spacer ring; 4, bearing; 5, end flange; 6, first inclined surface; 7, second inclined surface; 8, adjusting end; 9, shaft extension end; 10, front flange; 11, relief groove; 12, disassembly opening; 13, installation groove; 14, shoulder; 15, front cover; 16, shaft sleeve; 17, lock nut. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] Refer to the combination of Figures 1 to 22 As shown, the main shaft includes a shaft core 1, a first spacer ring 2, a second spacer ring 3, and a bearing 4. The first spacer ring 2, the second spacer ring 3, and the bearing 4 are sleeved on the shaft core 1 in sequence along the axial direction. The shaft core 1 has an end flange 5. The first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are located between the bearing 4 and the end flange 5. The first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 have mating end faces, and the mating end faces can adjust the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 when the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 rotate relative to each other.

[0050] When the bearing 4 needs to be disassembled from the main shaft, the relative rotation of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 can be controlled, so that the mating end faces of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 rotate relative to each other, thereby adjusting the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3. Since the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are arranged between the end flange 5 and the bearing 4, and the end flange 5 belongs to the shaft core 1, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 increase, the position of the first spacer ring 2 relative to the end flange 5 remains unchanged, while the second spacer ring 3 extends towards the bearing 4 relative to the end flange 5, capable of applying an axial force to the inner ring of the bearing 4, driving the inner ring of the bearing 4 to slide and finally disengage from the shaft core 1, achieving the purpose of quickly disassembling the bearing 4 without damaging the bearing 4, realizing the quick and convenient disassembly of the main shaft bearing 4, and reducing the difficulty of bearing 4 disassembly.

[0051] When the main shaft is working, at this time, the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are in the maximum retracted state, and the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are the shortest. At this time, the axial length of the spacer ring assembly formed by the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 will not become smaller. The end of the first spacer ring 2 abuts against the end flange 5, and the end of the second spacer ring 3 abuts against the inner ring of the bearing 4, thereby forming an axial limit for the bearing 4. Since the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 have reached the minimum, they will not retract under the action of the bearing, ensuring good dynamic balance performance during the operation of the main shaft.

[0052] In one embodiment, the end face of the first spacer ring 2 facing the second spacer ring 3 is the first inclined surface 6, and the end face of the second spacer ring 3 facing the first spacer ring 2 is the second inclined surface 7. When the first spacer ring 2 rotates relative to the second spacer ring 3, the first inclined surface 6 rotates relative to the second inclined surface 7, and the contact position between the first inclined surface 6 and the second inclined surface 7 changes. In this embodiment, an axial cam structure is formed between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 through inclined surfaces. During the relative movement of the two inclined surfaces, when the contact position of the two inclined surfaces gradually increases, the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 gradually increase, and an axial force can be applied to the bearing 4, causing the inner ring of the bearing 4 to disengage from the shaft core 1, realizing the disassembly operation of the bearing 4; when the contact position of the two inclined surfaces gradually decreases, the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 gradually decrease. When the axial length of the spacer ring assembly composed of the two spacer rings reaches the minimum, the bearing 4 is installed in place. Under the combined action of the spacer ring assembly and the locking nut at the other end of the bearing 4, axial fixation of the bearing 4 is achieved, so that the axial position of the bearing 4 will not shift during operation, forming a more stable state.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first spacer ring 2 includes an annular flat section and an annular inclined surface section, and the second spacer ring 3 includes an annular flat section and an annular inclined surface section. The annular flat sections of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are correspondingly matched, and the annular inclined surface section of the first spacer ring 2 and the annular inclined surface section of the second spacer ring 3 are matched. Through the circumferential relative movement of the annular inclined surface section of the first spacer ring 2 and the annular inclined surface section of the second spacer ring 3, the adjustment of the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 is realized. The annular inclined surface section of the first spacer ring 2 and the annular inclined surface section of the second spacer ring 3 are in a concave-convex fit, that is, the annular inclined surface section of the first spacer ring 2 is concave relative to the annular flat section of the first spacer ring 2, and the annular inclined surface section of the second spacer ring 3 is convex relative to the annular flat section of the second spacer ring 3. When the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are the smallest, the annular inclined surface section of the first spacer ring 2 and the annular inclined surface section of the second spacer ring 3 reach the movement limit position in the first direction, and the annular flat sections of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are in contact, forming a planar fit, which can form a stable surface fit relationship, and no axial relative movement will occur between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3. At this time, the dynamic balance performance is better when the main shaft rotates. When the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 rotate relative to each other in the opposite direction, the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 move away under the reverse action of the two inclined surface sections, so that the annular flat sections of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 move away, and the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 become larger, applying an axial force to the inner ring of the bearing 4 and driving the inner ring of the bearing 4 to finally disengage from the shaft core 1.

[0054] In one embodiment, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are at their maximum, the axial highest points of the first inclined surface 6 and the second inclined surface 7 are in contact, and they are not in contact at other positions. In this embodiment, when the bearing 4 needs to be disassembled, the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 rotate relative to each other, and the contact position between the two continuously moves towards the high point, causing the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 to move away from each other, increasing the total axial length and driving the inner ring of the bearing 4 to disengage from the shaft core 1.

[0055] In one embodiment, when the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 are at their minimum, the first inclined surface 6 and the second inclined surface 7 form a surface contact. At this time, a stable axial fitting structure can be formed to ensure the structural stability of the bearing 4 during the operation of the main shaft, and thus ensure good operating performance of the main shaft.

[0056] In one embodiment, both the first inclined surface 6 and the second inclined surface 7 are flat surfaces and have the same inclination. This can ensure good contact and fit between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 during relative movement. At the same time, when the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 retract to the position of the minimum axial length, it can make the mating end faces of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 completely fit, forming a good surface fit relationship. Then, the well-fitted first spacer ring 2 and second spacer ring 3 are installed on the shaft core 1 to ensure good dynamic balance performance during the operation of the main shaft.

[0057] In one embodiment, the second spacer ring 3 includes an adjustment end 8 and a shaft extension end 9. The adjustment end 8 cooperates with the first spacer ring 2, and the shaft extension end 9 extends towards the bearing 4 and abuts against the inner ring of the bearing 4. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the adjustment end 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft extension end 9, so that the end face area for cooperating with the first spacer ring 2 is larger, and a more stable surface fit relationship can be formed, improving the stability of the fitting structure between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3.

[0058] In one embodiment, the main shaft further includes a front flange 10. The front flange 10 is located on the outer peripheral side of the shaft extension end 9 and between the adjustment end 8 and the bearing 4, and there is a sealed fit between the adjustment end 8 and the front flange 10.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the seal between the adjustment end 8 and the front flange 10 is a labyrinth seal. A labyrinth seal step is provided on the end face of the adjustment end 8 facing the front flange 10, and a labyrinth seal step is provided on the end face of the front flange 10 facing the adjustment end 8, which can ensure the cooperation of their seal structures to produce a labyrinth seal effect, ensure good sealing performance of the main shaft, and prevent the bearing 4 from being affected by contaminants such as cutting fluid.

[0060] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the second spacer ring 3 can move axially relative to the front flange 10, and thus can effectively apply an axial force for disassembly to the bearing 4, there is an axial clearance between the second spacer ring 3 and the front flange 10, and the axial clearance does not affect the sealing performance between the two.

[0061] In one embodiment, an avoidance groove 11 is formed on the end face of the front flange 10 on the outer peripheral side of the adjustment end 8. In this embodiment, the rotational force of the adjustment end 8 is mainly applied in the radial direction. When the front flange 10 is located on the outer peripheral side of the adjustment end 8, it will block the operating structure of the adjustment end 8. To avoid the influence of the front flange 10 and reduce the operating difficulty of the second spacer ring 3, by providing the avoidance groove 11, it is convenient for operating tools such as wrenches to enter the adjustment end 8 from the avoidance groove 11, effectively adjust the adjustment end 8, reduce the adjustment difficulty, and at the same time can effectively shorten the spindle length and improve the spindle stiffness and natural frequency.

[0062] In one embodiment, the spindle further includes an adjusting member, and the adjusting member can be inserted between the mating end faces of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 to increase the total axial length of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3.

[0063] When the axial lengths of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 reach the maximum, if the axial extension length is still insufficient, at this time, a hard object or other adjusting member can be inserted between the mating end faces of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3, and then the second spacer ring 3 is rotated again, so as to use the inserted adjusting member to increase the axial adjustment length of the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3, so that the inner ring of the bearing continuously slides in the axial direction and finally disengages from the shaft core 1. In this embodiment, the adjusting member can be a wedge-shaped member, which is more convenient to be inserted into the gap between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3, and thus expands the axial distance between the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3.

[0064] In one embodiment, an operating structure for outputting a rotational force to the second spacer ring 3 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second spacer ring 3.

[0065] In one embodiment, the operating structure includes a disassembly opening 12 and / or a disassembly protrusion, and a plurality of disassembly openings 12 and / or disassembly protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second spacer ring 3.

[0066] The disassembly opening 12 can be a disassembly groove or a disassembly hole, etc. The disassembly groove or disassembly hole is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second spacer ring 3, and can cooperate with a wrench or a screw rod radially inserted from the gap between the shaft core 1 and the front flange 10. The wrench or the screw rod is used to apply a torque to the second spacer ring 3 to drive the second spacer ring 3 to rotate circumferentially relative to the first spacer ring 2, so that the second spacer ring 3 slides axially, thereby driving the inner ring of the bearing 4 to slide and finally disengaging from the shaft core 1.

[0067] The dismounting protrusion can be a convex column or the like located on the outer peripheral surface of the second spacer ring 3. When it is necessary to operate the second spacer ring 3 to rotate, a long rod with a concave hole at one end that cooperates with the convex column can be used to cooperate with the convex column, and then a force is applied at one end of the long rod to drive the second spacer ring 3 to rotate, realizing the dismounting operation of the bearing 4.

[0068] In one embodiment, the first spacer ring 2 is circumferentially fixed relative to the shaft core 1. Since the second spacer ring 3 needs to move relative to the first spacer ring 2 in order to adjust the axial extension length of the second spacer ring 3, during the rotation of the second spacer ring 3, it is necessary to prevent the first spacer ring 2 from rotating in the same direction as the second spacer ring 3. When the first spacer ring 2 is circumferentially fixed relative to the shaft core 1, it can be ensured that the first spacer ring 2 does not rotate during the rotation of the second spacer ring 3, enabling the second spacer ring 3 to extend and apply an axial force to the inner ring of the bearing 4, causing the inner ring of the bearing 4 to disengage from the shaft core 1.

[0069] In one embodiment, an installation groove 13 is provided at one end of the shaft core 1 facing the first spacer ring 2. The first spacer ring 2 is embedded in the installation groove 13 and forms a circumferential limit with the shaft core 1. In this embodiment, since the first spacer ring 2 is located in the installation groove 13, it can not occupy additional axial length of the shaft core 1, making the shaft core 1 shorter and the overhang smaller, thereby effectively improving the spindle stiffness and natural frequency.

[0070] In one embodiment, the first spacer ring 2 and the shaft core 1 are bolt - connected; or, the first spacer ring 2 and the shaft core 1 are pin - connected.

[0071] In one embodiment, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring 2, and a groove or a protrusion that is inserted and cooperates with the protrusion or the groove of the first spacer ring 2 is provided at the bottom of the installation groove 13.

[0072] In one embodiment, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring 2, and a groove or a protrusion is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the installation groove 13 that cooperates with the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring 2.

[0073] In one embodiment, a countersunk hole is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring 2 away from the end flange 5, and a threaded hole is provided on the shaft core 1. After the screw is inserted into the countersunk hole, it is connected to the threaded hole on the shaft core 1 to realize the fixed connection between the first spacer ring 2 and the shaft core 1. The height of the bolt head of the screw is lower than or equal to the minimum depth of the countersunk hole, so as to prevent the bolt head from protruding out of the countersunk hole and interfering with the end face of the second spacer ring 3.

[0074] In one embodiment, the first spacer ring 2 can rotate relative to the shaft core 1, and an operating structure for outputting a rotational force to the first spacer ring 2 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring 2. The operating structure on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring 2 is the same as the operating structure on the outer peripheral wall of the second spacer ring 3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0075] In this case, when the main shaft bearing needs to be disassembled, two wrenches are required. One wrench cooperates with the operating structure on the first spacer ring 2, and the other wrench cooperates with the operating structure on the second spacer ring 3. The two wrenches apply rotational torques in different directions respectively, so that the second spacer ring 3 slides axially, driving the inner ring of the bearing 4 to slide and finally disengaging from the shaft core 1.

[0076] In one embodiment, a shoulder 14 is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring 2 facing the end flange 5. The first spacer ring 2 contacts the end face of the end flange 5 through the shoulder 14. The shoulder 14 is an annular structure, which can reduce the contact area between the first spacer ring 2 and the end flange 5, reduce the rotational friction, reduce the rotational torque required for the first spacer ring 2 to rotate, and reduce the difficulty of bearing disassembly.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first spacer ring 2 and the second spacer ring 3 have the same structure, which can reduce the mold opening cost.

[0078] In one embodiment, the main shaft further includes a front end cover 15, a bushing 16 and a locking nut 17. The front end cover 15 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the end flange 5 and is fixedly connected by screwing with the end flange 5. The bushing 16 is sleeved on the outer ring of the bearing 4. The front flange 10 is located between the front end cover 15 and the bushing 16, is fixedly connected to the bushing 16, and limits the outer ring of the bearing 4. The locking nut 17 is arranged at one end of the bearing 4 away from the second spacer ring 3 to axially limit the inner ring of the bearing 4. The locking nut 17 and the second spacer ring 3 cooperate with each other to form a stable limit at both ends of the inner ring of the bearing 4, ensuring the stability and reliability of the main shaft structure.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present application, the machining center includes a main shaft, and the main shaft is the above-mentioned main shaft.

[0080] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0081] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spindle, characterized in that, It includes a shaft core (1), a first spacer ring (2), a second spacer ring (3) and a bearing (4). The first spacer ring (2), the second spacer ring (3) and the bearing (4) are sleeved on the shaft core (1) in sequence along the axial direction. The shaft core (1) has an end flange (5). The first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) are located between the bearing (4) and the end flange (5). The first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) have mating end faces, and the mating end faces can adjust the axial lengths of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) when the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) rotate relative to each other. The end face of the first spacer ring (2) facing the second spacer ring (3) is a first inclined surface (6), and the end face of the second spacer ring (3) facing the first spacer ring (2) is a second inclined surface (7). When the first spacer ring (2) rotates relative to the second spacer ring (3), the first inclined surface (6) rotates relative to the second inclined surface (7), and the contact position between the first inclined surface (6) and the second inclined surface (7) changes. The second spacer ring (3) includes an adjusting end (8) and a shaft extending end (9). The adjusting end (8) cooperates with the first spacer ring (2), and the shaft extending end (9) extends towards the bearing (4) and abuts against the inner ring of the bearing (4). The main shaft further includes a front flange (10). The front flange (10) is located on the outer peripheral side of the shaft extending end (9) and between the adjusting end (8) and the bearing (4). An avoidance groove (11) is formed on the end face of the front flange (10) located on the outer peripheral side of the adjusting end (8). The avoidance groove (11) is configured to allow an operating tool to adjust the adjusting end (8) at the avoidance groove. There is also a gap for the operating tool to insert along the radial direction between the shaft core (1) and the front flange (10). An operating structure for outputting a rotational acting force to the second spacer ring (3) is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second spacer ring (3). The first spacer ring (2) is circumferentially fixed relative to the shaft core (1). Wherein, an installation groove (13) is provided at one end of the shaft core (1) facing the first spacer ring (2), and the installation groove (13) is provided on the end flange (5). The first spacer ring (2) is embedded in the installation groove (13) and forms circumferential limitation with the shaft core (1).

2. The spindle according to claim 1, wherein, When the axial lengths of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) are at the maximum, the axial highest points of the first inclined surface (6) and the second inclined surface (7) are in contact, and there is no contact at other positions.

3. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the axial lengths of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) are at the minimum, the first inclined surface (6) and the second inclined surface (7) are in surface contact.

4. The spindle according to claim 1, wherein, Both the first inclined surface (6) and the second inclined surface (7) are flat surfaces, and their inclination degrees are the same.

5. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting end (8) and the front flange (10) are in sealed cooperation.

6. The spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting end (8) and the front flange (10) adopt labyrinth seal.

7. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft further includes an adjusting member, and the adjusting member can be inserted between the mating end faces of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) to increase the total axial length of the first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3).

8. The spindle according to claim 1, wherein, The operating structure includes a disassembly opening (12) and / or a disassembly protrusion, and a plurality of the disassembly openings (12) and / or the disassembly protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second spacer ring (3).

9. The spindle according to claim 1, wherein The first spacer ring (2) is bolted to the shaft core (1); alternatively, the first spacer ring (2) is pin-connected to the shaft core (1); alternatively, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the end face of the first spacer ring (2), a groove that is inserted and matched with the protrusion of the first spacer ring (2) is provided at the bottom of the installation groove (13), or a protrusion that is inserted and matched with the groove of the first spacer ring (2) is provided at the bottom of the installation groove (13); alternatively, a protrusion or a groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first spacer ring (2), a groove that is inserted and matched with the protrusion of the first spacer ring (2) is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the installation groove (13), or a protrusion that is inserted and matched with the groove of the first spacer ring (2) is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the installation groove (13).

10. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first spacer ring (2) and the second spacer ring (3) have the same structure.

11. A machining center, comprising a main shaft, characterized in that, The main shaft is the main shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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