A forced ventilation system for a long and extra-high gas tunnel during construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a forced ventilation system for extra-long high-gas tunnels during construction, which includes a main air intake unit, a main air return unit and a branch ventilation unit. The air intake unit includes an air intake area, a main pressure blower, at least three fresh air blowers and at least three air ducts. The air intake area is located at the rear ends of the right line and the parallel heading. The air intake area is connected to the drainage tunnel. The main pressure blower and the fresh air blowers are both arranged in the air intake area. The three fresh air blowers respectively correspond to the left line, the parallel heading and the right line. Each fresh air blower sends fresh air to the corresponding excavation face through an air duct. The main pressure blower is located in the right line and sends fresh air to the branch ventilation unit. The main air return unit includes an air return area, which is located at the rear end of the left line and is connected to the inclined shaft. The branch ventilation unit includes a ventilation area, which is located at the front ends of the left line, the right line and the parallel heading. The ventilation area is respectively connected to the air intake area and the air return area. The main pressure blower blows fresh air into the ventilation area, so that the stale air in the ventilation area is discharged from the air return area. The present invention separates the transportation of fresh air and stale air, and has high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly to a forced ventilation system for a super-long high-gas tunnel during construction. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of some newly built super-long double-track (separate construction of double tunnels) + parallel adit tunnels in recent years, a new type of "phase-type hybrid" ventilation system scheme for super-long tunnels has been applied. This scheme mainly targets the construction organization mode of super-long tunnels with separate construction of double tunnels + parallel adits. By utilizing the air pressure difference formed by the natural height difference between the inclined shaft and the drainage tunnel of the tunnel, through the combination of the right line and the air wall, the overall intake airway (drainage tunnel) and return airway (inclined shaft) are formed, thus achieving a negative-pressure exhaust ventilation mode. During the construction period, the "phase-type" ventilation technology is adopted. Combining the construction state of the parallel adit leading the left and right main lines, the overall unheaded ventilation distance is divided into three sections by moving the position of the air wall multiple times, with each section being 2 - 3 km, achieving the effect of dynamic ventilation management of "long tunnel, short ventilation" for 10 km of unheaded tunneling.

[0003] However, this ventilation system scheme is mainly for tunnel construction in an overall work area with a gas-free environment and small air volume requirements. Its fresh air intake mainly relies on the suction operation of axial fans configured at each working face on the air wall of the air chamber. As the tunnel excavation progresses, the air wall of the air chamber needs to be moved forward in stages. Although this reduces the air supply distance of the axial fans to a certain extent, it will increase the distance for fresh air in the right line to enter the intake airway, and at the same time, the intake friction resistance also increases accordingly. This will make it extremely difficult for the axial fans at the air wall of the air chamber to suck air, resulting in difficulties in supplying air to the excavation face, and further leading to insufficient air supply, causing safety problems in tunnel construction. Moreover, in this ventilation system scheme, the fresh air and the stale air are mixed together, making it difficult to distinguish whether the air reaching the excavation face is fresh air, stale air, or a mixture of the two. Therefore, this ventilation system scheme cannot be applied to the construction of gas tunnels or high-gas tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forced ventilation system for a super-long high-gas tunnel during construction, which can separate fresh air from stale air and transport them independently, is safe and efficient, and is particularly suitable for gas or high-gas tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above object, a forced ventilation system for a super-long high-gas tunnel provided by the present invention includes a drainage tunnel, an inclined shaft, a left line, a right line and a parallel heading. The left line and the right line are respectively arranged on both sides of the parallel heading. The inclined shaft is arranged on one side of the left line, and the drainage tunnel is arranged on one side of the right line. Excavation faces are respectively arranged in the left line, the right line and the parallel heading. The ventilation system further includes a main air inlet unit, a main air return unit and a branch ventilation unit. The main air inlet unit is communicated with the main air return unit through the branch ventilation unit. The air inlet unit includes an air inlet area, a main pressure blower, at least three fresh air blowers and at least three air ducts. The air inlet area is located at the rear ends of the right line and the parallel heading, and is communicated with the drainage tunnel. The air inlet area can extend forward along the construction direction. The main pressure blower and the fresh air blowers are both arranged in the air inlet area. The three fresh air blowers respectively correspond to the left line, the parallel heading and the right line. Each fresh air blower blows fresh air to the corresponding excavation face through an air duct. The main pressure blower is located in the right line and sends fresh air to the branch ventilation unit. The main air return unit includes an air return area, which is located at the rear end of the left line and is communicated with the inclined shaft. The air return area can extend forward along the construction direction. The branch ventilation unit includes a ventilation area, which is located at the front ends of the left line, the right line and the parallel heading. The ventilation area is respectively communicated with the air inlet area and the air return area. The main pressure blower blows fresh air to the ventilation area, so that the stale air in the ventilation area is discharged from the air return area.

[0006] As can be seen from the above solution, by arranging the main pressure blower and multiple fresh air blowers in the air inlet area, the main pressure blower can blow fresh air from the air inlet area to the ventilation area, which can not only ensure that the fresh air volume in the air inlet area can meet the air suction volume of the fresh air blowers, but also make the stale air in the ventilation area flow towards the air return area, which is conducive to discharging the stale air containing gas in the tunnel to reduce the gas content in the tunnel, achieving the ventilation effect of the tunnel, preventing explosion during the tunnel excavation construction process, and improving the construction safety; while the fresh air blowers directly transport fresh air to each excavation face through air ducts, which is convenient for the normal free breathing of construction workers and prevents the occurrence of hypoxia; since the present invention is particularly applicable to the construction of gas or high-gas tunnels, and the stale air in the tunnel contains gas, the present invention uses the main pressure blower to blow away the stale air containing gas, and uses the fresh air blowers and air ducts to independently transport fresh air. On the one hand, it can reduce the gas content in the tunnel, and on the other hand, it can also ensure that the fresh air will not be mixed with the stale air during the transportation process, preventing the fresh air from being polluted by the gas in the stale air, which is conducive to ensuring the fresh air supply volume in the area near the excavation face and improving the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0007] A further solution is that a first air return blower is arranged in the inclined shaft, and the first air return blower pumps out stale air from the inside to the outside; a plurality of second air return blowers are arranged in the ventilation area, and the second air return blowers suck away stale air towards the air return area.

[0008] As can be seen from the above solution, by adding the first return air fan and the second return air fan, it is beneficial to increase the return air flow rate and accelerate the discharge speed of the old air, so as to accelerate the reduction of the gas content in the old air.

[0009] A further solution is that there is a partition between the inclined shaft and the left line. The partition divides the inclined shaft into a first flow channel and a second flow channel. The first flow channel is connected to the rear end of the left line, and the second flow channel is connected to the front end of the left line. A first movable air door for adjusting the air flow at the front and rear ends of the left line is arranged in the left line, and the first movable air door is located on one side of the partition.

[0010] A still further solution is that there is a first cross passage and a second cross passage between the inclined shaft and the drainage tunnel. The first cross passage is respectively connected to the first flow channel, the left line, the parallel pilot tunnel and the right line. The second cross passage is respectively connected to the second flow channel, the left line, the parallel pilot tunnel and the right line. A first air wall is arranged between the first cross passage and the right line. A second air wall is arranged between the first cross passage and the parallel pilot tunnel. There are two third air walls arranged in the right line. The second cross passage and the drainage tunnel are both located between the two third air walls. A fourth air wall is arranged in the second cross passage, and the fourth air wall is hermetically arranged between the left line and the parallel pilot tunnel. A fifth air wall is arranged in the parallel pilot tunnel, and the fifth air wall is located in front of the second cross passage. An intake air area is formed among the first air wall, the second air wall, the third air wall, the fourth air wall and the fifth air wall.

[0011] As can be seen from the above solution, by arranging multiple air walls, the fresh air is converged in the intake air area to ensure that the air intake volume of the main pressure fan and each fresh air fan meets the standard, and further ensure that the air discharge volume of the main pressure fan and the fresh air fan meets the standard, and can also avoid the situation that the fresh air directly discharges from the inclined shaft after entering from the drainage tunnel.

[0012] A further solution is that a return air area is formed among the first movable air door, the fourth air wall and the rear end of the left line.

[0013] A further solution is that there are multiple right cross passages arranged between the parallel pilot tunnel and the right line. The two ends of the right cross passages are respectively connected to the parallel pilot tunnel and the right line. There are multiple left cross passages arranged between the parallel pilot tunnel and the left line. The two ends of the left cross passages are respectively connected to the parallel pilot tunnel and the left line. The front end of the left line, the front end of the right line, the front end of the parallel pilot tunnel, the right cross passages and the left cross passages form a ventilation area.

[0014] As can be seen from the above solution, by arranging the left cross passages and the right cross passages, on the one hand, it is beneficial to accelerate the tunnel construction progress, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the laying of air ducts.

[0015] A further solution is that there are multiple left line excavation faces arranged in the left line, multiple right line excavation faces arranged in the right line, and one parallel pilot tunnel excavation face arranged in the parallel pilot tunnel. In the construction direction, the parallel pilot tunnel excavation face is ahead of all the left line excavation faces and the right line excavation faces. The fresh air fans correspond to the left line excavation faces, the parallel pilot tunnel excavation face and the right line excavation faces one by one, and the number of air ducts is equal to the number of fresh air fans.

[0016] A further solution is that when the air intake area expands forward along the construction direction, a main air intake passage and a standby air intake passage are formed in the air intake area. A second movable air door is arranged between the main air intake passage and the standby air intake passage. Multiple jet fans are arranged in both the main air intake passage and the standby air intake passage, and the air outlet ends of the jet fans all face the ventilation area.

[0017] As can be seen from the above solution, when the main air compressor is under maintenance or fails, the second movable air door can be opened, that is, the standby air intake passage is enabled, which is beneficial to ensuring the normal and continuous operation of the tunnel construction ventilation system.

[0018] A further solution is that when the return air area expands forward along the construction direction, multiple windbreak walls are arranged between the return air area and the air intake area.

[0019] As can be seen from the above solution, by arranging multiple windbreak walls, it is beneficial to adjust the extension direction of the air intake area to suck away the old air in the front construction area of the tunnel to the greatest extent, and avoid the fresh air in the fresh air area from being blown away before reaching the construction area. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 is the enlarged view of the air intake area and the return air area in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural diagram after the first forward expansion of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 is the enlarged view of the air intake area and the return air area after the first forward expansion of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 is the structural diagram after the second forward expansion of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. Specific Embodiments

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 2, the forced ventilation system for construction provided in this embodiment is particularly applicable to the construction of extra-long high-gas tunnels. The forced ventilation system for construction includes a drainage tunnel 1, an inclined shaft 2, a left line 3, a right line 4, and a parallel heading 5. The left line 3 and the right line 4 are arranged on both sides of the parallel heading 5. The drainage tunnel 1 is located on one side of the right line 4 and is connected to the right line 4. The inclined shaft 2 is located on one side of the left line 3 and is connected to the left line 3. A plurality of left cross passages 6 are provided between the left line 3 and the parallel heading 5, and the plurality of left cross passages 6 are arranged along the construction direction. The left line 3 is connected to the parallel heading 5 through the left cross passages 6. A plurality of right cross passages 7 are provided between the right line 4 and the parallel heading 5, and the plurality of right cross passages 7 are arranged along the construction direction. The right line 4 is connected to the parallel heading 5 through the right cross passages 7. Excavation faces are respectively provided in the left line 3, the right line 4, and the parallel heading 5. In the construction direction, the excavation face of the parallel heading 5 is ahead of the excavation face of the left line 3 and also ahead of the excavation face of the right line 4. In order to improve the construction efficiency, a plurality of excavation faces are provided in both the left line 3 and the right line 4, and the plurality of excavation faces are simultaneously driven for construction. In Figure 2 In it, two left-line excavation faces 31 are provided in the left line 3, and two right-line excavation faces 41 are provided in the right line 4.

[0027] The forced ventilation system for construction further includes a main air inlet unit, a main air return unit, and a branch ventilation unit. The main air inlet unit is connected to the main air return unit through the branch ventilation unit to realize the function of ventilation and air change in the tunnel.

[0028] The air inlet unit includes an air inlet area 8, a main air compressor 83, five fresh air fans 81, and five air ducts 82. The air inlet area 8 is located at the rear ends of the right line 4 and the parallel heading 5. The air inlet area 8 is connected to the drainage tunnel 1, and the air inlet area 8 can extend forward along the construction direction. Both the fresh air fans 81 and the main air compressor 83 are arranged in the air inlet area 8. The fresh air fans 81 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the respective excavation faces. The number of fresh air fans 81 is equal to the number of air ducts 82. Each fresh air fan 81 conveys fresh air to the corresponding excavation face through an independent air duct 82, which is convenient for the independent driving construction of each excavation face in the tunnel. The main air compressor 83 is located in the right line 4 and sends fresh air to the branch ventilation unit to push the old air in the branch ventilation unit to flow towards the main air return unit. The main air compressor 83 is located in front of the second cross passage 12. When the main air compressor 83 presses and sends fresh air forward, the fresh air enters the air inlet area 8 from the drainage tunnel 1. Specifically, the fresh air enters the right line 4 and the second cross passage 12.

[0029] A triangular partition 21 is provided between the inclined shaft 2 and the left tunnel 3. The partition 21 divides the passage of the inclined shaft 2 into a first flow channel 22 and a second flow channel 23. The first flow channel 22 communicates with the rear end of the left tunnel 3, and the second flow channel 23 communicates with the front end of the left tunnel 3. A movable air door 32 is provided between the front end and the rear end of the left tunnel 3. The movable air door 32 is located on one side of the partition 21 and is used to adjust the air flow rate between the front end and the rear end of the left tunnel 3. A first cross passage 11 and a second cross passage 12 are provided between the inclined shaft 2 and the drainage tunnel 1. The first cross passage 11 communicates with the first flow channel 22, the left tunnel 3, the parallel pilot tunnel 5 and the right tunnel 4 respectively. The second cross passage 12 communicates with the second flow channel 23, the left tunnel 3, the parallel pilot tunnel 5 and the right tunnel 4 respectively. A first air wall 84 is provided between the first cross passage 11 and the right tunnel 4 in a sealed manner; a second air wall 85 is provided between the first cross passage 11 and the parallel pilot tunnel 5 in a sealed manner; two third air walls 86 are provided at the rear end of the right tunnel 4 in a sealed manner. Both the second cross passage 12 and the drainage tunnel 1 are located between the two third air walls 86; a fourth air wall 87 is provided in the second cross passage 12, and the fourth air wall 87 seals the space between the left tunnel 3 and the parallel pilot tunnel 5; a fifth air wall 88 is provided in the parallel pilot tunnel 5. The fifth air wall 88 is located on the front side of the second cross passage 12 and is arranged opposite to the second air wall 85. An air intake area 8 is formed among the first air wall 84, the second air wall 85, the third air walls 86, the fourth air wall 87 and the fifth air wall 88. Specifically, the air intake area 8 communicates with the right tunnel 4 and the parallel pilot tunnel 5, and the air intake area 8 does not directly communicate with the left tunnel 3.

[0030] The main return air unit includes a return air area 9 and a first return air fan 91. The return air area 9 is located at the rear end of the left tunnel 3 and communicates with the inclined shaft 2. The return air area 9 can extend forward along the construction direction. The first return air fan 91 is arranged in the inclined shaft 2, and the first return air fan 91 extracts the old air from the inside to the outside. A partition 21 is provided between the inclined shaft 2 and the left tunnel 3. The partition 21 divides the inclined shaft 2 into a first flow channel 22 and a second flow channel 23. The first flow channel 22 communicates with the rear end of the left tunnel 3, and the second flow channel 23 communicates with the front end of the left tunnel 3. A first movable air door 32 for adjusting the air flow rate at the front and rear ends of the left tunnel 3 is also provided in the left tunnel 3. The first movable air door 32 is located on one side of the partition 21. A return air area 9 is formed among the first movable air door 32, the fourth air wall 87 and the rear end of the left tunnel 3.

[0031] The branch ventilation unit includes a ventilation area 10 and a second return air fan 101. The ventilation area 10 is located at the common front end of the left line 3, the right line 4 and the parallel heading 5. The ventilation area 10 is respectively communicated with the intake air area 8 and the return air area 9. The front ends of the left line 3, the right line 4, the parallel heading 5, the right cross passage 7 and the left cross passage 6 form the ventilation area 10. The main pressure fan 83 blows the old air containing gas in the ventilation area 10 to the return air area 9, so that the old air in the ventilation area 10 is discharged from the return air area 9 and the inclined shaft 2 to the outside of the tunnel, so as to reduce the content of gas in the ventilation area 10. The second return air fan 101 is used to strengthen the power and speed of the old air flowing from the ventilation area 10 to the return air area 9. Two or more second return air fans 101 can be set, and the specific number of the second return air fans 101 is set as required. For example, when the flow path of the old air in the ventilation area 10 is too long, a second return air fan 101 can be set in the middle of the parallel heading 5 to accelerate the flow rate of the old air flow path; for another example, when the old air needs to turn, a second return air fan 101 can be set in the left cross passage 6 to change the flow direction of the old air.

[0032] In Figure 2 it, two left-line excavation faces 31 are provided on the left line 3. A left cross passage 6 is provided at the rear end of each left-line excavation face 31, which is convenient for the air duct 82 to extend from the parallel heading 5 through the left cross passage 6 to the left-line excavation face 31. Multiple right-line excavation faces 41 are provided on the right line 4. A right cross passage 7 is provided at the rear end of each right-line excavation face 41, which is convenient for the air duct 82 to extend from the parallel heading 5 through the right cross passage 7 to the right-line excavation face 41. A parallel-heading excavation face 51 is provided on the parallel heading 5. In the construction direction, the parallel-heading excavation face 51 is ahead of all the left-line excavation faces 31 and all the right-line excavation faces 41. The fresh air fans 81 correspond to the left-line excavation faces 31, the parallel-heading excavation face 51 and the right-line excavation faces 41 one by one, and the number of the air ducts 82 is equal to the number of the fresh air fans 81.

[0033] Generally, three fresh air fans 81 are provided in the parallel heading 5. All three fresh air fans 81 are located on the side of the fifth air wall 88 facing the intake air area 8. Three air ducts 82 pass through the fifth air wall 88 and extend respectively to the left-line excavation face 31, the parallel-heading excavation face 51 and the right-line excavation face 41. Since the space of the parallel heading 5 is limited and cannot accommodate all the fresh air fans 81 and all the air ducts 82, for a right-line excavation face 41 closest to the intake air area 8, a fresh air fan 81 can be directly provided in the right line 4, and extended to the right-line excavation face 41 through a linearly extended air duct 82; for a left-line excavation face 31 closest to the return air area 9, a fresh air fan 81 can be provided on the side of the fourth air wall 87 facing the intake air area 8. The air duct 82 passes through the fourth air wall 87 and enters the left line 3, and then extends to the front end of the left line 3 until it extends to a left-line excavation face 31.

[0034] During the process of each fresh air blower 81 transporting fresh air to the excavation face, the fresh air always remains within the air duct 82, preventing the old air containing gas in the tunnel from mixing with the fresh air and ensuring the safety of tunnel construction ventilation. The main function of the main pressure blower 83 is to push the old air in the ventilation area 10 to flow towards the return air area 9. Even if the fresh air blown by the main pressure blower 83 mixes with the old air, it will not affect the safe construction of the tunnel.

[0035] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As the tunnel is constructed in stages, both the intake air area 8 and the return air area 9 extend forward along the construction direction. The ventilation area 10 gradually moves backward along the construction direction. Correspondingly, the fresh air blowers 81 and the air ducts 82 move forward following the extension of the intake air area 8. To ensure the fresh air volume in the intake air area 8, the third air wall 88 in front of each fresh air blower 81 located in the parallel adit 5 also moves forward.

[0036] After the intake air area 8 extends forward, a main intake air passage and a standby intake air passage are formed within the intake air area 8. The main intake air passage is located within the right line 4, and the standby intake air passage is located within the parallel adit 5. A second movable air door 89 is provided between the main intake air passage and the standby intake air passage, and the second movable air door 89 is located within the second cross passage 12. When the main intake air passage is in use, the second movable air door 89 is in the closed state, and at this time the standby intake air passage is out of use; when the main pressure blower 83 within the main intake air passage needs to be repaired, the main pressure blower 83 stops running, causing the main intake air passage to be out of use. At this time, the second movable air door 89 is opened to activate the standby intake air passage, enabling the intake air area 8 to intake air continuously for a long time. A plurality of jet fans 90 are provided within both the main intake air passage and the standby intake air passage. The jet fans 90 are arranged along the direction of the fresh air flow, and the air outlets of the jet fans 90 all face the ventilation area 10.

[0037] After the return air area 9 extends forward along the construction direction, a plurality of air baffle walls 92 are provided between the return air area 9 and the intake air area 8. The air baffle walls 92 are blocked within the left cross passage 6 to cut off the direct air flow between the intake air area 8 and the return air area 9.

[0038] See Figure 5 After the completion of one-stage construction, the forced ventilation system can be extended forward for the second time until the construction of the entire line of the tunnel is completed. During the construction process of each stage, the number of excavation faces of the left line 3 and the right line 4 can be adjusted according to actual requirements. The number of fresh air blowers 81 is adjusted according to the number of excavation faces.

[0039] In summary, in the present invention, a main pressure blower and multiple fresh air blowers are arranged in the air intake area. The main pressure blower can blow fresh air from the air intake area to the ventilation area, which can not only ensure that the fresh air volume in the air intake area can meet the air suction volume of the fresh air blowers, but also enable the old air in the ventilation area to flow towards the return air area, which is conducive to exhausting the old air containing gas in the tunnel to reduce the gas content in the tunnel, achieving the ventilation effect of the tunnel, preventing explosion during the tunnel excavation construction process, and improving the construction safety; while the fresh air blowers directly transport the fresh air to each excavation face through air ducts, facilitating the normal and free breathing of construction workers and preventing the occurrence of oxygen deficiency; since the present invention is particularly applicable to the construction of gas or high-gas tunnels, and the old air in the tunnel contains gas, the present invention uses the main pressure blower to blow away the old air containing gas and uses the fresh air blowers and air ducts to independently transport the fresh air. On the one hand, it can reduce the gas content in the tunnel, and on the other hand, it can ensure that the fresh air will not be mixed with the old air during the transportation process, preventing the fresh air from being polluted by the gas in the old air, which is conducive to ensuring the supply of fresh air in the area near the excavation face and is conducive to improving the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0040] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forced ventilation system for a long and extra-long high-gas tunnel during construction, comprising a drainage tunnel, an inclined shaft, a left tunnel, a right tunnel and a parallel heading. The left tunnel and the right tunnel are respectively arranged on both sides of the parallel heading. The inclined shaft is arranged on one side of the left tunnel, and the drainage tunnel is arranged on one side of the right tunnel. Excavation faces are respectively arranged in the left tunnel, the right tunnel and the parallel heading. It is characterized in that: The ventilation system further comprises a main air intake unit, a main air return unit and a branch ventilation unit. The main air intake unit is communicated with the main air return unit through the branch ventilation unit. The main air intake unit comprises an air intake area, a main pressure blower, at least three fresh air blowers and at least three air ducts. The air intake area is located at the rear ends of the right tunnel and the parallel heading and is communicated with the drainage tunnel. The air intake area can expand forward along the construction direction. The main pressure blower and the fresh air blowers are both arranged in the air intake area. The three fresh air blowers respectively correspond to the left tunnel, the parallel heading and the right tunnel. Each fresh air blower sends fresh air to the corresponding excavation face through the air duct. The main pressure blower is located in the right tunnel and blows fresh air to the branch ventilation unit. The main air return unit comprises an air return area, which is located at the rear end of the left tunnel and is communicated with the inclined shaft. The air return area can expand forward along the construction direction. The branch ventilation unit comprises a ventilation area, which is located at the front ends of the left tunnel, the right tunnel and the parallel heading. The ventilation area is respectively communicated with the air intake area and the air return area. The main pressure blower blows fresh air to the ventilation area, so that the stale air in the ventilation area is discharged from the air return area. A partition is provided between the inclined shaft and the left tunnel. The partition divides the inclined shaft into a first flow channel and a second flow channel. The first flow channel is communicated with the rear end of the left tunnel, and the second flow channel is communicated with the front end of the left tunnel. A first movable air door for adjusting the air flow rate at the front and rear ends of the left tunnel is arranged in the left tunnel. The first movable air door is located on one side of the partition. A first cross passage and a second cross passage are arranged between the inclined shaft and the drainage tunnel. The first cross passage is respectively communicated with the first flow channel, the left tunnel, the parallel heading and the right tunnel. The second cross passage is respectively communicated with the second flow channel, the left tunnel, the parallel heading and the right tunnel. A first air wall is arranged between the first cross passage and the right tunnel. A second air wall is arranged between the first cross passage and the parallel heading. Two third air walls are arranged in the right tunnel. The second cross passage and the drainage tunnel are both located between the two third air walls. A fourth air wall is arranged in the second cross passage and is sealingly arranged between the left tunnel and the parallel heading. A fifth air wall is arranged in the parallel heading and is located in front of the second cross passage. The first air wall, the second air wall, the third air walls, the fourth air wall and the fifth air wall form the air intake area.

2. The forced ventilation system for a long and extra-long high-gas tunnel during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first air return blower is arranged in the inclined shaft, and the first air return blower sucks away the stale air from the inside to the outside. A plurality of second return air fans are arranged in the ventilation area, and the second return air fans suck the old air into the return air area.

3. The forced ventilation system for the extra-long high-gas tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return air area is formed between the first movable air door, the fourth air wall and the rear end of the left line.

4. The forced ventilation system for the extra-long high-gas tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of right cross passages are arranged between the parallel heading and the right line, and both ends of the right cross passage are respectively communicated with the parallel heading and the right line; A plurality of left cross passages are arranged between the parallel heading and the left line, and both ends of the left cross passage are respectively communicated with the parallel heading and the left line; The front end of the left line, the front end of the right line, the front end of the parallel heading, the right cross passage and the left cross passage form the ventilation area.

5. The forced ventilation system for the extra-long high-gas tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The left line is provided with a plurality of left-line excavation faces, the right line is provided with a plurality of right-line excavation faces, and the parallel heading is provided with one parallel-heading excavation face. In the construction direction, the parallel-heading excavation face is ahead of all the left-line excavation faces and the right-line excavation faces; The fresh air fans respectively correspond to the left-line excavation faces, the parallel-heading excavation face and the right-line excavation faces one by one, and the number of the air ducts is equal to the number of the fresh air fans.

6. The forced ventilation system for the extra-long high-gas tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the air inlet area extends forward along the construction direction, a main air inlet passage and a standby air inlet passage are formed in the air inlet area. A second movable air door is arranged between the main air inlet passage and the standby air inlet passage. A plurality of jet fans are arranged in both the main air inlet passage and the standby air inlet passage, and the air outlet ends of the jet fans all face the ventilation area.

7. The forced ventilation system for the extra-long high-gas tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the return air area extends forward along the construction direction, a plurality of windbreak walls are arranged between the return air area and the air inlet area.

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