A laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells and an edge cleaning method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells and an edge cleaning method, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaic solar energy processing. The edge cleaning machine includes a machine table, a plurality of linear drive mechanisms, a working platform, and a lifting and transmission mechanism; the plurality of linear drive mechanisms enclose a rectangular processing area; a laser cleaning head is arranged on each linear drive mechanism, and the laser cleaning head includes a frame, a micro motion module, a first laser system, and a second laser system; the working platform is located in the rectangular processing area, and a plurality of air holes are arranged on the working platform, and air is blown or sucked through the air holes to float the solar cell above the working platform or adsorb it on the surface of the working platform; the lifting and transmission mechanism is arranged on the working platform and is used for lifting and transmitting the solar cell during the edge cleaning process of the solar cell. The edge cleaning method is carried out by using the provided edge cleaning machine. The present invention can effectively clean the edge of the solar cell, with small thermal influence on the edge and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic solar energy processing, and particularly relates to a laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells and an edge cleaning method. Background Art

[0002] A solar cell generally consists of a solar cell substrate and a thin film layer structure attached to the solar cell glass substrate. For example, in a perovskite solar cell, the thin film layer on the solar cell substrate includes a transparent conductive layer, a perovskite layer (or a film layer of other materials), and a conductive layer from bottom to top. In the production process of solar cells, edge cleaning is performed along the edge of the solar cell glass substrate to prevent short circuit between the thin film layer and the metal frame or reduction of conductivity due to moisture entry when the solar cell is installed on the metal. Therefore, edge cleaning of solar cells is an essential process in the manufacturing process of solar cells.

[0003] However, in the traditional solar cell edge cleaning process, usually a high-power infrared laser is used to complete the edge cleaning process. However, in the edge cleaning process of solar cells, this process will cause a large edge thermal effect on the solar cells, thereby affecting the conductivity and overall performance of the solar cells. In addition, there are some new processing technologies and equipment. For example, the invention patent application document with the application number 202010361352.5 discloses a film removal method, a substrate processing method, and a substrate processing device; and the patent document with the application number 201080050150.3 also discloses a manufacturing method of a solar cell module and a manufacturing device of a solar cell module. However, it is found through research that these existing technologies still cannot effectively clean the edges of solar cells during the edge cleaning process of solar cells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Problem: The present invention provides a laser edge cleaning machine capable of effectively cleaning the edges of solar cells and a method for cleaning the edges using the edge cleaning machine, which can effectively reduce the edge thermal effect during the edge cleaning process.

[0005] Technical Solution: On the one hand, the present invention provides a laser edge cleaning machine, including:

[0006] A machine table;

[0007] Multiple linear drive mechanisms are provided on a machine table, enclosing a rectangular processing area. A laser cleaning head is provided on each linear drive mechanism. The laser cleaning head includes a frame, a fine motion module provided at the upper end of the frame, a first laser system provided on the fine motion module, and a second laser system provided at the lower part of the frame. The first laser system is used to scribe a solar cell, dividing the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area, and the second laser system is used to remove the ineffective area.

[0008] A working platform is provided on the machine table and is located in the rectangular processing area. A number of air holes are provided on the working platform, through which air can be blown or sucked, so that the solar cell can be levitated above the working platform or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform.

[0009] A lifting and transmission mechanism is provided on the working platform and is used to lift and transmit the solar cell during the edge cleaning process of the solar cell.

[0010] During edge cleaning, the lifting and transmission mechanism is raised to forwardly transmit the solar cell to a set position, and then the lifting and transmission mechanism descends. The working platform blows air outwards to levitate the solar cell above the working platform, and the clamping and positioning component is started to clamp and position the solar cell. Then the clamping and positioning component retracts, and the external air pressure is gradually reduced to make the solar cell fall onto the surface of the working platform and adsorb the solar cell. Then the first laser system is started, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the solar cell is scribed to divide the film layer on the surface of the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area. Then the second laser system is started, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the film in the ineffective area is removed. After the removal is completed, the linear drive mechanism returns to its original position, and the laser cleaning head returns to the initial position. Then the lifting and transmission mechanism rises to forwardly convey and discharge the edge-cleaned solar cell. Using this equipment, the edge cleaning operation is completed through the cooperation of two laser systems, which can effectively reduce the edge thermal influence caused by the laser on the solar cell and ensure the performance of the solar cell. In addition, the degree of automation is high, which can greatly improve the production efficiency.

[0011] Further, the four linear drive mechanisms are all vertically arranged, which can ensure the height tolerance and parallelism of the workbench surface, eliminate the influence of machining errors during equipment manufacturing, and are easy to install and debug.

[0012] Further, the first laser system includes a first laser, a first reflector, and a focusing lens. The laser beam emitted by the first laser is reflected by the first reflector and then enters the focusing lens, and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens.

[0013] Further, the second laser system includes a second laser, a second mirror, a galvanometer scanner, and a field lens. The laser beam emitted by the second laser is reflected by the second mirror and then enters the galvanometer scanner and the field lens in sequence before being emitted.

[0014] Further, a plurality of clamping and positioning components are arranged on the machine table. The clamping and positioning components are located outside the linear drive mechanism and are used to clamp and position the solar cells on the edge cleaning machine.

[0015] Further, a dust suction hood is arranged on the focusing lens. The dust suction hood is provided with a laser through hole and a dust extraction port. The laser beam coming out of the focusing lens passes through the laser through hole, and dust can be sucked during the edge cleaning process to avoid the influence of smoke and dust on the solar cells.

[0016] Further, the lifting and transmission mechanism is arranged below the working platform. The lifting and transmission mechanism includes a plurality of roller transmission units. The rollers of the roller transmission units can pass through the roller through holes opened on the working platform for lifting.

[0017] Further, the lifting and transmission mechanism includes a support body, a first driving component, a second driving component, and a plurality of the roller transmission units. The plurality of roller transmission units are arranged on the support body. The roller transmission unit includes a cross beam and a plurality of rollers and transmission wheels arranged on the cross beam. The transmission wheels and the rollers are driven by a synchronous belt; the first driving component is used to drive the support body to move up and down, and the second driving component drives the rollers to rotate.

[0018] Further, an air connection component is arranged below the working platform. The air connection component is connected to the air hole and is connected to an external air compressor through the air connection component.

[0019] Further, a laser power detection device is arranged on the machine table and is used to detect the power of the laser system.

[0020] Further, the clamping and positioning component is a cylinder or an electric cylinder, with a simple structure and easy to control.

[0021] On the other hand, a method for edge cleaning solar cells using the solar cell laser edge cleaning machine described above is provided, including:

[0022] Reset the laser cleaning head and adsorb the solar cell on the working platform;

[0023] Start the first laser system to emit the first laser and irradiate it on the thin film layer of the solar cell. Under the drive of the four linear drive mechanisms, the solar cell is scribed to divide the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area;

[0024] Turn off the first laser system, start the second laser system to emit the second laser, which passes through the glass substrate and irradiates on the thin film layer. Use a galvanometer scanner to change the focusing position of the laser beam, and under the drive of four linear drive mechanisms, remove the thin film in the invalid area.

[0025] Through the above method, the edge thermal influence on the solar cell during the edge cleaning process is effectively reduced, and the edge cleaning efficiency is high.

[0026] Furthermore, the power of the first laser is less than the power of the second laser.

[0027] Furthermore, when loading the solar cell, raise the lifting and conveying mechanism, place the solar cell on the lifting and conveying mechanism; lower the lifting and conveying mechanism, the working platform blows air outwards, making the solar cell float above the working platform by air; the clamping and positioning component extends, pushes the solar cell to the accurate edge cleaning position, and then retracts the clamping and positioning component; gradually reduce the blowing air pressure of the working platform until the solar cell falls back onto the working platform, and the working platform adsorbs the solar cell.

[0028] Furthermore, during the scribing of the solar cell and the removal of the invalid area, a dust suction operation is carried out. Through the dust suction hood, the soot is sucked away, thereby avoiding the influence of the soot on the solar cell.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: When performing edge cleaning, raise the lifting and conveying mechanism. Under the action of the rollers, convey the solar cell forward to the set position, and the rollers stop. Then the lifting and conveying mechanism descends, the working platform blows air outwards, making the solar cell float above the working platform by air, and start the clamping and positioning component to clamp and position the solar cell; then the clamping and positioning component retracts, gradually reduce the external air pressure, so that the solar cell falls onto the surface of the working platform, and adsorb the solar cell; then start the first laser system, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, scribe the solar cell, dividing the film layer on the surface of the solar cell into an effective area and an invalid area; then start the second laser system, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, remove the film in the invalid area; then the lifting and conveying mechanism rises, and under the action of the rollers, convey the edge-cleaned solar cell forward for discharging. Using this equipment, the edge cleaning operation is completed through the cooperation of two laser systems, which can effectively reduce the edge thermal influence caused by the laser on the solar cell, ensure the performance of the solar cell, and has high edge cleaning efficiency and high automation degree. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is the three-dimensional general assembly drawing of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view at A in

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view at position B in

[0033] Figure 4 The perspective view of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 The side view of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is Figure 5 The partial enlarged view at position C in

[0036] Figure 7 The top view of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is Figure 7 The partial enlarged view at position D in

[0038] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the edge cleaning process for solar cells;

[0039] Figure 10 The installation schematic diagram of the linear drive mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 The perspective view of the laser cleaning head in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 The perspective view of the laser cleaning head from another angle in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 The schematic diagram of the laser light path in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 The structural diagram of the dust suction hood in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 15 The flow chart of the edge cleaning method in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 100, machine platform; 200, clamping and positioning component; 300, linear drive mechanism; 400, laser cleaning head; 410, frame; 420, fine motion module; 430, first laser system; 431, first laser; 432, first reflector; 433, focusing lens; 440, second laser system; 441, second laser; 442, second reflector; 443, galvanometer scanner; 444, field lens; 450, dust suction hood; 451, laser through hole; 452, dust extraction port; 500, working platform; 510, air hole; 520, air connection component; 530, roller through hole; 600, lifting and transmission mechanism; 610, roller transmission unit; 611, roller; 612, cross beam; 613, driving wheel; 614, synchronous belt; 620, support body; 700, laser power detection device. Detailed implementation mode

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the quantity, etc.

[0047] Combined with Figure 1-8 , the laser edge cleaning machine includes: a machine platform 100, a plurality of linear drive mechanisms 300, a working platform 500, and a lifting and transmission mechanism 600; in the embodiment of the present invention, a total of four linear drive mechanisms 300 are adopted. The linear drive mechanism 300 can adopt a linear motor, a linear module, etc. In a preferred solution, four linear motors are adopted. The four linear motors are all arranged on the machine platform 100 and enclose a rectangular processing area. Since the solar cell is rectangular, the four sides of the rectangle need to be edge-cleaned simultaneously to improve production efficiency. Usually, the solar cell is rectangular, with two opposite long sides and two opposite short sides. Therefore, among the four linear motors, there are two relatively arranged long-stroke linear motors and two relatively arranged short-stroke linear motors, so that the formed rectangular area is similar to the shape of the solar cell. The linear motor can adopt an existing high-precision linear motor. A laser cleaning head 400 is arranged on each linear motor. Then each linear motor can drive a laser cleaning head to move along a preset motion trajectory to complete the cleaning of one side of the solar cell. Therefore, when the four linear motors simultaneously drive their respective laser cleaning heads 400 to work, the four sides of the solar cell can be cleaned simultaneously, effectively improving the production efficiency.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the laser cleaning head 400 includes a frame 410, a fine motion module 420 disposed at the upper end of the frame 410, a first laser system 430 disposed on the fine motion module 420, and a second laser system 440 disposed at the lower part of the frame 410. The edge cleaning machine of the present invention is mainly developed for a new laser edge cleaning process. When performing edge cleaning, first, the laser emitted by the first laser system 430 is used to scribe the solar cell. Under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the thin film layer on the surface of the solar cell is divided into an effective area (the area to be retained) and an ineffective area (the area to be removed), as Figure 9 shown. Then, the second laser system 440 is used to remove the thin film in the ineffective area under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 300.

[0049] The working platform 500 is disposed on the machine table 100 and is located in the rectangular processing area. Its function is to support the solar cell on the platform. In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of air holes 510 are formed in the working platform 500. By blowing air or sucking air through the air holes 510, the solar cell can be levitated above the working platform 500 or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform 500. A gas connection component 520 is disposed below the working platform 500. The gas connection component 520 is communicated with the air holes 510. By connecting an external air compressor or the like through the gas connection component 520, the air holes blow air or suck air outward, so that the solar cell is levitated above the working platform or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform.

[0050] The lifting and conveying mechanism 600 is disposed on the machine table 100 and is used to lift or lower the solar cell and can convey the solar cell forward. In a specific implementation process, the lifting and conveying mechanism 600 can adopt a manipulator or the like. However, using a manipulator will increase the volume and cost of the entire device. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, another structural form is adopted. The lifting and conveying mechanism is disposed below the working platform 500. The lifting and conveying mechanism 600 includes a plurality of roller conveying units 610. The rollers 611 of the roller conveying units 610 can pass through the working platform 500 through roller through holes 530 formed in the working platform 500. When it is necessary to lift the solar cell, the rollers 611 pass through the working platform and move upward to support the solar cell to rise. When it is necessary to lower the solar cell, the rollers 611 descend to lower the solar cell; and when it is necessary to convey the solar cell forward, the rollers 611 rotate to convey the solar cell forward.

[0051] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the lifting and conveying mechanism 600 includes a support body 620, a first driving component, a second driving component, and the plurality of roller conveying units 610 described above. The roller conveying units 610 are arranged on the support body 620. Each roller conveying unit 610 includes a cross beam 612, a plurality of driving wheels 613 arranged on the cross beam 612, and a plurality of the above-mentioned rollers 611. The rollers 611 are driven by a synchronous belt 614 between them and the driving wheels 613. The first driving component can be an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The support body 620 is pushed up and down by the first driving component, so that the roller conveying units 610 can move up and down, and then drive the solar cell to lift. The second driving component can be a motor, a hydraulic motor, etc., which drives the driving wheels 613 to rotate, so as to drive all the rollers 611 to rotate to convey the solar cell.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the four linear driving mechanisms are all arranged vertically, so as to ensure the height tolerance and parallelism with the tabletop of the workbench 230. Taking the linear motor as an example, during the manufacturing process of the machine, due to the deformation of the square pipe during the welding process of the large-format square pipe and the stress release deformation during processing, the installation reference error tolerance of the linear motor is relatively large (±0.03 mm), and the substrate processing thickness tolerance of the long-stroke linear motor (a 2200-mm long-stroke linear motor is used in an embodiment of the present invention) is relatively large (±0.02 mm). When installed on the front, the error will deviate from the design requirements by ≥±0.05 mm. The straightness of the long-stroke linear motor can reach 0.008 mm. The influence corresponding to the processing error can be eliminated by using the side-mounted installation, and the installation and debugging are convenient. For reference, Figure 10 .

[0053] Adjusting Y1 and Y2 can make the running straightness of the linear motor parallel to the workbench plate Z3, and adjusting X1 and X2 can make the distance between the linear motor and the workbench plate consistent during operation.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figure 11 and Figure 12The first laser system 430 includes a first laser 431, a first reflector 432, and a focusing lens 433. The laser beam emitted by the first laser 431 is reflected by the first reflector 432 and then enters the focusing lens 433, and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens 433. When trimming the edges of a solar cell, the first laser system 430 is used to divide the thin film on the surface of the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area. Generally, when dividing the area of a solar cell, a laser with a very high power is not required. Moreover, in order to reduce the thermal impact on the edges of the solar cell, the lower the power of the first laser, the better. However, if the power is too small, it will affect the efficiency. Therefore, the issue of balancing efficiency and thermal impact must be addressed. Thus, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first laser 431 is a laser with a power range of 10 to 30 W, which can reduce the cost of the equipment. Additionally, the first reflector 432 reflects the laser beam emitted by the first laser 431 by 90° and then enters the focusing lens 433. After being focused by the focusing lens 433, it hits the surface of the solar cell. Under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 300, the area division is completed.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second laser system 440 includes a second laser 441, a second reflector 442, a galvanometer 443, and a field lens 444. The laser beam emitted by the second laser 441 is reflected by the second reflector 442 and then sequentially enters the galvanometer 443 and the field lens 444 and is emitted. The second laser system 440 is mainly used to remove the thin film in the ineffective area. Moreover, the ineffective area has been separated from the effective area, and during the removal process, no significant thermal impact will be exerted on the effective area. Therefore, a laser with a relatively high power can be used. Thus, in the implementation of the present invention, a laser with a power range of 100 to 500 W is selected. When continuing to remove the ineffective area, the laser beam emitted by the second laser 441 is reflected by the second reflector 442 by 90° and then enters the galvanometer 443. The galvanometer 443 can focus the beam, and it is emitted through the field lens 444. Moreover, by using the galvanometer 443 to swing, flying marking is performed. Under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the removal of the ineffective area is completed. The optical path structure formed by the first laser system and the second laser system is as Figure 13 shown.

[0056] A number of clamping and positioning components 200 are provided on the machine tool 100. The number of the clamping and positioning components 200 needs to be determined according to the size of the solar cell applied by the laser edge cleaning machine. When the laser edge cleaning machine is suitable for processing large-sized solar cells, several more clamping and positioning components 200 can be set. Specifically, the clamping and positioning components 200 are arranged outside the linear drive mechanism, that is, outside the rectangular processing area. And, in order to clamp and position the solar cell, they can be arranged oppositely. In the embodiment of the present invention, the clamping and positioning components 200 can adopt cylinders or electric cylinders. Then, when clamping and positioning the solar cell, only by extending the cylinder rod of the cylinder or the electric cylinder, the solar cell can be positioned at the accurate processing position, with a simple structure and convenient control.

[0057] Further, because during the laser edge cleaning process, high-temperature soot is easily generated, and if the soot falls on the solar cell, it is very likely to cause damage to the cell surface. Therefore, it is necessary to suck away the soot in time. In the embodiment of the present utility model, a dust suction hood 450 is arranged on the focusing lens 433. As Figure 14 shown, the dust suction hood 450 is provided with a laser through hole 451 and a dust extraction port 452. Among them, the dust extraction port 452 can be connected to a dust suction device, and the laser beam coming out of the focusing lens 433 passes through the laser through hole 451. In this way, the laser beam coming out of the focusing lens 433 can be emitted perpendicular to the dust suction hood 450, and the dust suction hood 450 can completely cover the working area of the laser beam coming out of the focusing lens 433, thereby improving the dust suction efficiency. And since the second laser system 440 and the first laser system 430 are approximately opposite, when the second laser system 440 works, the soot can also be sucked away by the dust suction hood 450 at any time, thus avoiding the influence of the soot on the battery.

[0058] Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a laser power detection device 700 is arranged on the machine tool 100. Specifically, the laser power detection device 700 is arranged at the initial position of the laser cleaning head 400. In the present invention, the initial position of the laser cleaning head 400 is at the intersection of the two linear drive mechanisms, that is, at the corner position of the rectangular working area. Because the power of four laser cleaning heads 400 needs to be detected, at least two laser power detection devices need to be set, which are respectively arranged at two corners of the rectangular working area. In actual engineering, only the power of the laser emitted by the second laser system needs to be detected. Therefore, before edge cleaning the solar cell, first hit the laser emitted by the second laser system on the laser power detection device to detect whether the power of the laser reaches the process requirements.

[0059] Using the edge cleaning machine proposed in the embodiments of the present invention, first, under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the first laser system 430 on the laser cleaning head 400 is used to scribe the thin film layer of the solar cell, dividing the thin film layer into an invalid area and a valid area. Then, under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the thin film in the invalid area is removed through the second laser system, thus achieving efficient edge cleaning of the solar cell. Moreover, when edge cleaning is performed by this edge cleaning machine, since the edge cleaning is completed through two processes, the edge thermal impact on the solar cell caused by the laser can be effectively reduced, ensuring the performance of the solar cell. In addition, the degree of automation is high, which can greatly improve the production efficiency.

[0060] Using the edge cleaning machine provided in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser edge cleaning method for a solar cell, as Figure 15 , and this edge cleaning method includes:

[0061] S100: Reset the laser cleaning head 400 and adsorb the solar cell on the working platform 500;

[0062] S200: Start the first laser system 430 to emit the first laser and irradiate it on the thin film layer of the solar cell. Under the drive of the four linear drive mechanisms 300, scribe the solar cell to divide it into a valid area and an invalid area;

[0063] S300: Turn off the first laser system 430, start the second laser system 440 to emit the second laser beam to pass through the glass substrate and irradiate it on the thin film layer. Use the galvanometer 443 to change the focusing position of the laser beam, and under the drive of the four linear drive mechanisms 300, remove the thin film in the invalid area.

[0064] Through the above method, by dividing the thin film on the surface of the solar cell into a valid area and an invalid area, during the first laser irradiation, only scribing is performed without large-scale laser ablation, so the edge thermal impact on the valid area is small; and when the second laser removes the invalid area, since it has been separated from the valid area, it will no longer have a large edge thermal impact on the valid area. Thus, through the combination of the two laser irradiation processes, edge cleaning is completed, and no large thermal impact is generated during the entire edge cleaning process, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the solar cell and not causing a large impact due to edge cleaning.

[0065] Furthermore, the power of the first laser is less than that of the second laser. When scribing and dividing a solar cell, only a very small area needs to be ablated, so only a low-power laser can ensure the processing efficiency. Moreover, using a low-power laser can effectively reduce the edge thermal impact on the solar cell during the edge cleaning process, and a low-power laser can reduce the manufacturing cost of the equipment. By using the second laser with a relatively high power, the edge cleaning efficiency can be effectively improved. And since the ineffective area has been separated from the effective area, when clearing the ineffective area, it will not cause a large thermal impact on the effective area.

[0066] In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, when loading the solar cell, the lifting and conveying mechanism 600 is raised, and the solar cell is placed on the lifting and conveying mechanism 600; the lifting and conveying mechanism 600 is lowered, and the working platform 500 blows air outwards to make the solar cell float above the working platform 500; the clamping and positioning member 200 extends out, pushes the solar cell to the accurate edge cleaning position, and then the clamping and positioning member 200 retracts; the blowing air pressure of the working platform 500 is gradually reduced until the solar cell falls back onto the working platform 500, and the working platform adsorbs the solar cell. The main function is to adjust the position of the solar cell, so as to make the edge cleaning accuracy better and the edge cleaning quality better.

[0067] In addition, in order to reduce the dust generated during the laser ablation process, in the embodiment of the present invention, when cleaning the edge of the solar cell, dust collection is carried out simultaneously. The dust generated by the laser ablation is timely sucked away through the dust suction hood 450 to avoid damage to the surface of the solar cell caused by the dust.

[0068] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and equivalent replacements can be made. These technical solutions obtained by improving and equivalently replacing the claims of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells, characterized in that, Including: Machine platform (100); A plurality of linear drive mechanisms (300), the plurality of linear drive mechanisms (300) are arranged on the machine platform (100) to enclose a rectangular processing area; a laser cleaning head (400) is arranged on each linear drive mechanism (300), and the laser cleaning head (400) includes a frame (410), a fine motion module (420) arranged at the upper end of the frame (410), a first laser system (430) arranged on the fine motion module (420), and a second laser system (440) arranged at the lower part of the frame (410); A number of clamping and positioning components (200) are arranged on the machine platform (100), and the clamping and positioning components (200) are located outside the linear drive mechanism (300); A working platform (500), the working platform (500) is arranged on the machine platform (100) and is located in the rectangular processing area. A number of air holes (510) are arranged on the working platform (500), and air can be blown or sucked through the air holes (510) so that the solar cell can be levitated above the working platform (500) or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform (500); A lifting and transmission mechanism (600) is arranged on the working platform (500) and is used for lifting and transmitting the solar cell during the edge cleaning process of the solar cell; The lifting and transmission mechanism (600) is arranged below the working platform (500), and the lifting and transmission mechanism (600) includes a number of roller transmission units (610), and the rollers (611) of the roller transmission units (610) can pass through the roller through holes (530) opened on the working platform (500) for lifting; When loading the solar cell, raise the lifting and transmission mechanism (600) and place the solar cell on the lifting and transmission mechanism (600); lower the lifting and transmission mechanism (600), and the working platform (500) blows air outwards to make the solar cell levitate above the working platform (500); the clamping and positioning component (200) extends out, pushes the solar cell to the accurate edge cleaning position, and then retracts the clamping and positioning component (200); gradually reduce the blowing air pressure of the working platform (500) until the solar cell falls back onto the working platform (500), and the working platform adsorbs the solar cell; The first laser system (430) is used for scribing the solar cell to divide the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area, and the second laser system (440) is used for removing the ineffective area; the power of the first laser emitted by the first laser system is less than the power of the second laser emitted by the second laser system.

2. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 1, wherein The linear drive mechanisms (300) are all arranged vertically.

3. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first laser system (430) includes a first laser (431), a first reflector (432) and a focusing lens (433). The laser beam emitted by the first laser (431) is reflected by the first reflector (432) and then enters the focusing lens (433), and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens (433).

4. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second laser system (440) includes a second laser (441), a second mirror (442), a galvanometer scanner (443), and a field lens (444). The laser beam emitted by the second laser (441) is reflected by the second mirror (442) and then enters the galvanometer scanner (443) and the field lens (444) in sequence before being emitted.

5. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 3, wherein, A dust suction hood (450) is provided on the focusing lens (433). A laser through-hole (451) and a dust extraction port (452) are provided on the dust suction hood (450). The laser beam coming out of the focusing lens (433) passes through the laser through-hole (451).

6. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 1, wherein The lifting and conveying mechanism (600) includes a support body (620), a first driving component, a second driving component, and a plurality of the roller conveying units. A plurality of the roller conveying units (610) are provided on the support body (620). The roller conveying unit (610) includes a cross beam (612), a plurality of rollers (611) provided on the cross beam (612), and a transmission wheel (613). The transmission wheel (613) and the rollers are driven by a timing belt (614); the first driving component is used to drive the support body (620) to move up and down, and the second driving component drives the rollers to rotate.

7. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 6, wherein An air connection component (520) is provided below the working platform (500). The air connection component (520) is connected to the air hole (510).

8. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that A laser power detection device (700) is provided on the machine table (100).

9. The laser edge cleaning machine for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping and positioning component (200) is a cylinder or an electric cylinder.

10. A method for edge cleaning of a solar cell using the solar cell laser edge cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Including: Reset the laser cleaning head (400), and adsorb the solar cell on the working platform (500). Start the first laser system (430) to emit the first laser to irradiate on the thin film layer of the solar cell. Under the drive of the four linear drive mechanisms (300), scribe the solar cell to divide the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area. Turn off the first laser system (430), start the second laser system (440) to emit the second laser to pass through the glass substrate and irradiate on the thin film layer. Use the galvanometer scanner (443) to change the focusing position of the laser beam, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism (300), remove the thin film in the ineffective area.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein During the scribing of the solar cell and the removal of the ineffective area, perform a dust suction operation, and suck away the soot and dust through the dust suction hood (450).

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