Three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device

Abstract

The present application relates to a three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device, including a high-gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver device, the high-gain antenna device including a substrate and two or more dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antennas, and the radio frequency transceiver device including a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device, by arranging a lens on the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna, enables the lens to compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby achieving phase compensation for the antenna waveform and improving the gain, and secondly, by arranging the antenna array composed of dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antennas on the substrate, the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected to the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device, and the high-gain antenna device is managed for signal transmission and reception through the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna communication technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an essential component of any radio communication system. Although the tasks to be performed by various types of radio equipment are different, the role of antennas in the equipment is basically the same. Any radio equipment transmits information through radio waves, so it must have a device that can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0003] The RF front end of the traditional antenna system is mainly based on single-polarized antennas, and there are also array antennas, but they are mainly vertical arrays. These antenna structures are all two-dimensional settings, and it is difficult to achieve high gain. The traditional antenna system has limited improvement in communication performance and poor gain effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device to address the problem of poor gain effect of traditional antenna systems.

[0005] A three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device, comprising a high-gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver device, the high-gain antenna device comprising a substrate and two or more dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antennas, each dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver device comprises a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through the optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected to a corresponding dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna;

[0006] The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna includes:

[0007] The antenna body comprises four identical set lines arranged in sequence around a space axis, namely, a first set line, a second set line, a third set line, and a fourth set line. The first set line and the third set line are arranged opposite to each other, and the second set line and the fourth set line are arranged opposite to each other. The line between the midpoint of the first set line and the midpoint of the third set line is perpendicular to the line between the midpoint of the second set line and the midpoint of the fourth set line, and the foot is perpendicular to the space axis. The first set line, the second set line, the third set line, and the fourth set line all comprise a first end and a second end. A plurality of antenna elements are arranged on the first set line. The antenna elements are alternately arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the first set line relative to the space axis in a direction from the first end to the second end of the first set line, and the closer the antenna element is to the second end of the first set line, the shorter its length is. All antenna elements on the first set line are parallel to each other and are in the same plane. A plurality of antenna elements are also arranged on the second set line, the third set line, and the fourth set line, respectively, and the arrangement method is the same as that of the antenna element of the first set line.

[0008] A lens is arranged at the first end of the antenna body, and a plane where the lens is located is perpendicular to the spatial axis;

[0009] The first coaxial line and the second coaxial line are respectively arranged on the first collective line and the second collective line, and include a coaxially arranged inner conductor, an insulating medium layer, and an outer conductor layer, wherein the insulating medium layer is arranged between the inner conductor and the outer conductor layer, and the outer conductor layers of the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line are respectively attached to the side of the first collective line and the second collective line away from the spatial axis;

[0010] The second ends of the first and second collective wires are also provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, respectively. The shapes and sizes of the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively adapted to the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line. The output ends of the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line are respectively connected to the first through hole and the second through hole, and the inner conductors of the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line pass through the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively, and are connected to the third and fourth collective wires.

[0011] The above-mentioned three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device first adopts a cross-shaped structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes a high-gain dual-polarization log-periodic antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging a lens on the antenna body of the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the antenna device. Secondly, by arranging an antenna array composed of dual-polarization log-periodic antennas on a substrate, the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected to the corresponding RF transceiver, the high-gain antenna device is managed by the corresponding RF transceiver, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0012] In one embodiment, dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

[0013] In one embodiment, the lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixedly disposed at the first end of the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna through a connecting member.

[0014] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna further includes a dielectric strip, and the dielectric strip is disposed in a region surrounded by the first set of lines, the second set of lines, the third set of lines, and the fourth set of lines.

[0015] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna further includes more than two baluns, each balun is respectively connected to a different set of lines among the first set of lines, the second set of lines, the third set of lines, and the fourth set of lines.

[0016] In one embodiment, each set of lines is in the shape of a cuboid.

[0017] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna further comprises:

[0018] A third coaxial line, disposed on a third set line, and symmetrical with the first coaxial line about the spatial axis;

[0019] The fourth coaxial line is arranged on the fourth set line and is symmetrical with the second coaxial line about the space axis.

[0020] In one embodiment, the input impedance of the first antenna single-polarization structure composed of the first set of lines, the third set of lines, and the first coaxial line, the third coaxial line, and the antenna element arranged on the first set of lines and the third set of lines, and the input impedance of the second antenna single-polarization structure composed of the second set of lines, the fourth set of lines, and the second coaxial line, the fourth coaxial line, and the antenna element arranged on the second set of lines and the fourth set of lines are both 50 ohms.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are 50-ohm coaxial lines.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna further includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed on the substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a high-gain antenna device in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the distribution of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas in another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of a coaxial line wire structure in a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna in one embodiment in one direction;

[0030] Figure 8 A top view of a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna in one embodiment;

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the single-polarization structure of an antenna in an embodiment;

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna in another embodiment;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0035] In one embodiment, a stereoscopic high-gain radio frequency front-end device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a high-gain antenna device 1 and a radio frequency transceiver device 2. The high-gain antenna device 1 includes a substrate 11 and two or more dual-polarization log-periodic antennas 12. Each dual-polarization log-periodic antenna 12 is arranged on the substrate 11. The radio frequency transceiver device 2 includes a filter 21, a circulator 22, a transmitter 23 and a receiver 24. The dual-polarization log-periodic antenna 12 is connected to the filter 21, the filter 21 is connected to the circulator 22 through an optical fiber, and the circulator 22 is respectively connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23 through optical fibers; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device 2 is respectively connected to the corresponding dual-polarization log-periodic antenna 12. Specifically, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 is vertically arranged on the substrate 11, and since the number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 and radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, there is a corresponding relationship when they are connected. For example, one radio frequency transceiver device 2 can be connected to only one dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12, or one radio frequency transceiver device 2 can be connected to multiple dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 at the same time, or one dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 can be connected to multiple radio frequency transceiver devices 2 at the same time, which can facilitate the management of signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, the material of the substrate 11 is not unique, and it can be a metal plate or a plastic plate, etc. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 is a metal substrate to improve the reliability of antenna fixing. The frequency bands of different dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate 11. Figure 3 As shown, the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna 12 includes a band 1 antenna and a band 2 antenna, and the antennas of the two different frequency bands are cross-arranged. The specific structural dimensions of the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antennas 12 of different frequency bands are also different, such as Figure 4The figure shows a high-gain interleaved array diagram between dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 of different frequency bands. The antenna of frequency band 1 is a low-frequency antenna with a higher height, and the antenna of frequency band 2 is a high-frequency antenna with a lower height. It should be noted that the dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of the same frequency band are connected to the same RF transceiver. For example, there are two RF transceivers, namely RF transceiver A and RF transceiver B. The number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of frequency band 1 is two, and the number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of frequency band 2 is also two. Then, the two dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of frequency band 1 are both connected to RF transceiver A, and the two dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of frequency band 2 are both connected to RF transceiver B. The dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 of different frequency bands are placed crosswise, which increases the distance between the two dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12, indirectly increases the effective aperture area, and improves the antenna gain. At the same time, the dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 of different frequency bands are respectively connected to different RF transceiver devices 1, which can avoid signal confusion and facilitate signal sending and receiving of the RF transceiver device 1.

[0036] For further information, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 , the specific structure of the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna 12 is shown, which includes an antenna body 110 , an antenna element 120 , a first coaxial line 130 , a second coaxial line 140 and a lens 190 .

[0037] The antenna body 110 includes four identical collective lines, namely, the first collective line 111, the second collective line 112, the third collective line 113, and the fourth collective line 114. The four collective lines are arranged in sequence around a spatial axis, wherein the first collective line 111 is arranged opposite to the third collective line 113, and the second collective line 112 is arranged opposite to the fourth collective line 114. At the same time, the line connecting the midpoint of the first collective line 111 and the midpoint of the third collective line 113 is perpendicular to the line connecting the midpoint of the second collective line 112 and the midpoint of the fourth collective line 114, and the foot is perpendicular to the spatial axis, that is, the four collective lines are not uneven, but are arranged to keep the length aligned, so that the antenna can keep the structure relatively symmetrical and stable as much as possible.

[0038] A plurality of antenna elements 120 are respectively arranged on the first collection line 111, the second collection line 112, the third collection line 113, and the fourth collection line 114. The antenna element 120 can be a metal strip or a metal rod, as well as metal parts of other shapes. For the convenience of description, the two ends of each collection line may be referred to as the top and the bottom, respectively. The plurality of antenna elements 120 on any collection line are alternately arranged at equal intervals in sequence from the bottom to the top of the collection line on both sides of the collection line relative to the spatial axis, that is, they are alternately arranged at equal intervals from the bottom to the top, one left and one right, and the closer to the top, the shorter the antenna element. At the same time, the plurality of antenna elements 120 on the same collection line are parallel to each other and are in the same plane.

[0039] The lens 190 is disposed at the first end of the antenna body 110 , and the plane where the lens 190 is located is perpendicular to the spatial axis. Specifically, the first end of the antenna body 110 is an end close to the second ends of the first set of lines 111 , the second set of lines 112 , the third set of lines 113 , and the fourth set of lines 114 . When the second ends of the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113 and the fourth set of lines 114 are on the same plane, any one of the second ends of the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113 and the fourth set of lines 114 can be used as the first end of the antenna body 110. When the second ends of the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113 and the fourth set of lines 114 are not on the same plane, the highest end among the second ends of the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113 and the fourth set of lines 114 can be used as the first end of the antenna body 110. The lens 190 can be directly set on the first end of the antenna body 110, and can also be set on the first end of the antenna body 110 through a connector. The distance between the lens 190 and the first end of the antenna body 110 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The lens 190 may be arranged in a different manner. For example, the lens 190 may be fixedly arranged at the first end of the antenna body 110 during factory or installation, so that the lens 190 and the antenna body 110 are structurally integrated, thereby avoiding interference factors during installation and improving working performance.

[0040] The antenna itself radiates outward in the form of a spherical wave, so its equal phase plane is a sphere, and for the end-fire array, its radiation will also diffuse in the form of a spherical wave in the direction of maximum radiation. By providing a lens 190 on the antenna body 110, the lens 190 can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave of the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby achieving phase compensation for the antenna waveform and ultimately improving the overall gain of the antenna. It should be noted that the specific principle of improving the antenna gain is to use equal phase gradients to achieve phase compensation and ultimately achieve the purpose of increasing the antenna gain. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the lens 190 can be a dielectric material, such as a low dielectric constant organic material, including fiberglass, PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene), etc.

[0041] The first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140 are respectively disposed on the first set of lines 111 and the second set of lines 112. Figure 6 As shown, the first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140 both include a coaxially arranged inner conductor 131, an insulating medium layer 132 and an outer conductor layer 133, and the insulating medium layer 132 is arranged between the inner conductor 131 and the outer conductor layer 133 to ensure that they do not contact each other. When arranged, the outer conductor layers 133 of the first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140 are respectively attached to the outer sides of the first collective line 111 and the second collective line 112 away from the spatial axis to generate a potential difference.

[0042] For further information, see Figure 7 The tops of the first collective line 111 and the second collective line 112 are respectively provided with a first through hole 150 and a second through hole 160. The shapes and sizes of the first through hole 150 and the second through hole 160 can be adapted to the first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140, and can also be larger or smaller than the cross-section of the coaxial line. The coaxial line arranged on the collective line can connect the output end to the through hole on the collective line where it is located. Furthermore, the inner conductor of the collective line connected to the through hole can continue to extend and pass through the through hole to be connected to the collective line opposite to the collective line where the coaxial line is located, so as to form a feeding structure. For example, the output end of the second coaxial line 140 arranged on the second collective line 112 is connected to the second through hole 160, and at the same time, the inner conductor of the output end of the second coaxial line 140 further extends through the second through hole 160 to be connected to the fourth coaxial line 114. The arrangement of the first collective line 111 and the first coaxial line 130 is the same, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] In one embodiment, the lens 190 is a spherical lens. The lens 190 is fixedly arranged at the first end of the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna 12 through a connector. The spherical lens has an arc-shaped spherical surface, which can better compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave of the antenna, thereby correcting the non-uniform spherical wave of the antenna to a uniform spherical wave and improving the gain of the antenna. Further, the spherical lens includes at least one convex surface. In this embodiment, the spherical lens includes a plane and a convex surface. The convex surface can be arranged toward the antenna body 110, and the plane is located on the side away from the antenna body 110, or the plane can be arranged toward the antenna body 110, and the convex surface is located on the side away from the antenna body 110. The specific adjustment can be made according to actual needs. The connector can be a foam connector or a connecting column, etc. Further, the lens 190 can also be detachably fixed to the first end of the antenna body 110 through a connector. The lens 190 can be installed when needed without being disassembled, which is convenient to use. When the lens 190 is damaged and cannot be used, only the lens 190 can be replaced, avoiding the overall replacement of the dual-polarized logarithmic periodic antenna 12 and saving maintenance costs.

[0044] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 further includes a dielectric strip, which is disposed in an area formed by the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113, and the fourth set of lines 114. The size of the dielectric strip is not unique. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the area formed by the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113, and the fourth set of lines 114, so that the dielectric strip is fixed well and the working stability is improved. The length of the dielectric strip can be equal to the distance between the antenna vibrators 120 at both ends of the same set of lines, and the material will not be wasted while ensuring the working effect. The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 uses a quasi-periodic model, the vibrators are not crossed, the array elements are each pair of vibrators, and the four pairs of vibrators are dual-polarized. The length of each layer of vibrators is different, so as to achieve a wider bandwidth, and the array element spacing is also different. The Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition is achieved by adding a dielectric strip in the middle of the feed assembly plate. The dielectric constants of the dielectric strips between each layer of oscillators are different, forming a strong end-fire array, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the gain of the antenna itself.

[0045] In one embodiment, see Fig.10 The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 further includes more than two balanced-unbalanced transformers 210, each balanced-unbalanced transformer 210 is connected to a different set of lines in the first set of lines 111, the second set of lines 112, the third set of lines 113, and the fourth set of lines 114. It should be noted that Fig.10Although the specific connection method between the antenna body 110 and the lens 190 is not shown, in fact, the antenna body 110 and the lens 190 can be connected by a connector. Specifically, in this embodiment, taking the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 including a first balanced-unbalanced transformer and a second balanced-unbalanced transformer as an example, the port of the first balanced-unbalanced transformer is connected to the first collective line 111, and the port of the second balanced-unbalanced transformer is connected to the second collective line 112. Furthermore, the port of the balanced-unbalanced transformer connected to the collective line can be further extended to be connected to the collective line opposite to the connected collective line to form a feeding structure. The connection relationship between other balanced-unbalanced transformers and collective lines can be deduced in turn, and will not be repeated here. Using more than two balanced-unbalanced transformers to form a feeding structure can achieve balanced feeding of the antenna element and improve the working performance of the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12.

[0046] In one embodiment, the shape of each set of wires constituting the antenna body 110 is a rectangular parallelepiped to facilitate the installation of components such as the antenna element and the coaxial line.

[0047] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 further includes a third coaxial line 170 and a fourth coaxial line 180, which are respectively arranged on the third set line 113 and the fourth set line 114, and the third coaxial line 170 is symmetrical with the first coaxial line 130 about the aforementioned spatial axis, and the fourth coaxial line 180 is symmetrical with the second coaxial line 140 about the aforementioned spatial axis. In one embodiment, the third coaxial line 170 can also be equal in length to the first coaxial line 130, and the fourth coaxial line 180 can be equal in length to the second coaxial line 140. In another embodiment, the third coaxial line 170 is the same as the first coaxial line 130, and the fourth coaxial line 180 is the same as the second coaxial line 140. By providing a coaxial line symmetrical to the first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140, the structural symmetry of the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 can be ensured, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the antenna radiation characteristics and improving the antenna performance.

[0048] like Fig. 9As shown, in one embodiment, the input impedance of the first antenna single-polarization structure composed of the first set line 111, the third set line 113, the first coaxial line 130, the third coaxial line 170, and the antenna vibrator arranged on the first set line 111 and the third set line 113 is 50 ohms. In addition, the input impedance of the second antenna single-polarization structure composed of the second set line 112, the fourth set line 114, the second coaxial line 140, the fourth coaxial line 180, and the antenna vibrator arranged on the second set line 112 and the fourth set line 114 is also 50 ohms. The dual-polarization log-periodic antenna 12 does not require an impedance transformer and can be directly fed by a 50-ohm coaxial line, which is convenient, stable, and has strong adaptability. Top feeding uses coaxial feeding, and the coaxial feeding is tightly connected to the set line. At the same time, coaxial feeding can also be performed at the bottom of the set line. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first coaxial line 130 , the second coaxial line 140 , the third coaxial line 170 , and the fourth coaxial line 180 are all 50-ohm coaxial lines.

[0049] In one embodiment, the first through hole 150 is located closer to the top than the second through hole 160 so that the inner conductors of the first coaxial line 130 and the second coaxial line 140 do not overlap when connected to the third and fourth collective lines 113 and 114 respectively, thereby avoiding interference.

[0050] In one embodiment, see Fig.10 The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 may further include a reflector 220 disposed at the second end of the antenna body 110. Specifically, the second end of the antenna body 110 may be the near-ground end of the antenna body, i.e., the bottom end. By providing the reflector 220, the antenna backward beam may be converged and reflected through the reflector 220, thereby effectively improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, and also having a certain effect on improving the antenna gain and directivity, thereby improving the antenna performance.

[0051] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 further includes a radome (not shown), which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed on the substrate 11. The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 is placed in the cavity structure of the radome, so that the radome can protect various components of the dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12.

[0052] In one embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, the RF transceiver 2 also includes a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26 . The circulator 22 is connected to the low noise amplifier 26 , and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24 . The circulator 22 is connected to the power amplifier 25 , and the power amplifier 25 is connected to the transmitter 23 .

[0053] Specifically, for ease of explanation, a single Represents a dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12. The high-gain antenna device 1 includes a plurality of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12, which are connected to corresponding filters 21, and the filters 21 are respectively connected to a power amplifier 25 and a low-noise amplifier 26 through a circulator 22, the power amplifier 25 is connected to a transmitter 23, and the low-noise amplifier 26 is connected to a receiver 24, respectively forming a signal transmission channel and a signal reception channel, and the three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device formed achieves the maximum transmission and reception gain, and effectively improves the utilization efficiency of the space. Since the high-gain antenna device 1 is a three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional array formed configures the original two-dimensional antenna into a three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device, which can achieve a single-beam configuration with maximum gain.

[0054] Further, Fig.11 For example, the number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 respectively connected to each RF transceiver 2 can be exactly the same, partially the same, or completely different. Each RF transceiver 2 is connected to the corresponding dual-polarized log-periodic antenna 12 to form a signal transceiver channel, forming a multi-input and multi-output RF front-end structure. In one embodiment, the number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 respectively connected to each RF transceiver 2 is different from each other. For example, the number of dual-polarized log-periodic antennas 12 connected to each RF transceiver 2 can be successively increased, and the corresponding signal transceiver channel can be selected according to actual needs, thereby improving the operational convenience of the antenna system.

[0055] In this embodiment, a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26 are added to the signal transmission channel and the signal receiving channel respectively, the signal to be transmitted is power amplified to increase the transmission power, and the received signal is amplified for subsequent signal processing, thereby improving the communication reliability of the three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device. In addition, each device in the RF transceiver 2 transmits signals through optical fibers, and the signal transmission speed is fast, the loss is small, and the anti-interference ability is strong, which can further improve the communication reliability of the system.

[0056] In addition, in one embodiment, the three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device also includes a control device, which is connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23. Specifically, the control device can be an MCU (Micro Control Unit). The control device controls the signal reception and transmission of the high-gain antenna device 1, thereby improving the communication reliability of the antenna system.

[0057] The above-mentioned three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device first adopts a cross-shaped structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes a high-gain dual-polarization log-periodic antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging a lens on the antenna body of the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the antenna device. Secondly, by arranging an antenna array composed of dual-polarization log-periodic antennas on a substrate, the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected to the corresponding RF transceiver, the high-gain antenna device is managed by the corresponding RF transceiver, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0058] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0059] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device, characterized in that: It comprises a high-gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver device, wherein the high-gain antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more dual-polarization log-periodic antennas, each of which is arranged on the substrate, and the radio frequency transceiver device comprises a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, wherein the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through an optical fiber; The number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each of the radio frequency transceiver devices is connected to a corresponding dual-polarization log-periodic antenna respectively; The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna comprises: The antenna body comprises four identical set lines arranged in sequence around a spatial axis, namely, a first set line, a second set line, a third set line, and a fourth set line. The first set line is arranged opposite to the third set line, and the second set line is arranged opposite to the fourth set line. The line between the midpoint of the first set line and the midpoint of the third set line is perpendicular to the line between the midpoint of the second set line and the midpoint of the fourth set line, and the foot is perpendicular to the spatial axis. The first set line, the second set line, the third set line, and the fourth set line all include a first end and a second end. A plurality of antenna elements are arranged on the first set line. The antenna elements are alternately arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the first set line relative to the spatial axis in a direction from the first end to the second end of the first set line, and the closer the antenna element is to the second end of the first set line, the shorter the length is. All antenna elements on the first set line are parallel to each other and are in the same plane. A plurality of antenna elements are also arranged on the second set line, the third set line, and the fourth set line, respectively, in the same manner as that of the antenna element of the first set line. A lens, wherein the lens is arranged at the first end of the antenna body, and a plane where the lens is located is perpendicular to the spatial axis; The first coaxial line and the second coaxial line are respectively arranged on the first collective line and the second collective line, and include a coaxially arranged inner conductor, an insulating medium layer, and an outer conductor layer, wherein the insulating medium layer is arranged between the inner conductor and the outer conductor layer, and the outer conductor layers of the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line are respectively attached to the side of the first collective line and the second collective line away from the spatial axis; The second ends of the first and second collective wires are further provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, respectively. The shapes and sizes of the first and second through holes are respectively adapted to the first and second coaxial wires. The output ends of the first and second coaxial wires are respectively connected to the first and second through holes. The inner conductors of the first and second coaxial wires respectively pass through the first and second through holes and are connected to the third and fourth collective wires. The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna also includes a dielectric strip, which is arranged in an area formed by the first set of lines, the second set of lines, the third set of lines and the fourth set of lines, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the area formed by the first set of lines, the second set of lines, the third set of lines and the fourth set of lines; the length of the dielectric strip is equal to the distance between the antenna elements at both ends arranged on the same set of lines, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric strip is different between each layer of elements.

2. The three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and the dual-polarized log-periodic antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

3. The three-dimensional high-gain RF front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixedly arranged at the first end of the dual-polarization log-periodic antenna through a connecting piece.

4. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization log-periodic antenna further includes a reflection plate disposed at the second end of the antenna body.

5. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna further includes more than two balanced-unbalanced transformers, each of which is respectively connected to a different set of lines among the first set of lines, the second set of lines, the third set of lines, and the fourth set of lines.

6. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of each of the collection lines is a cuboid.

7. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized log-periodic antenna also includes: A third coaxial line, disposed on the third set line, and symmetrical with the first coaxial line about the space axis; The fourth coaxial line is arranged on the fourth set line and is symmetrical with the second coaxial line about the space axis.

8. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The input impedance of the first antenna single-polarization structure composed of the first set of lines, the third set of lines, and the first coaxial line, the third coaxial line, and the antenna element arranged on the first set of lines and the third set of lines, and the input impedance of the second antenna single-polarization structure composed of the second set of lines, the fourth set of lines, and the second coaxial line, the fourth coaxial line, and the antenna element arranged on the second set of lines and the fourth set of lines are both 50 ohms.

9. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are 50-ohm coaxial lines.

10. The three-dimensional high-gain radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization log-periodic antenna further comprises an antenna cover, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed on the substrate.

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