Three-dimensional antenna RF front-end device

Abstract

The present application relates to a three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device, including a radio frequency transceiver device and an antenna device; the antenna device includes a substrate and two or more dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas; the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected to a corresponding dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna. In the above radio frequency front-end device, since the radiation direction of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna is toward the ground, the ground can reflect all the radiated energy back, reducing the back radiation of the antenna and improving the overall gain of the antenna device. Secondly, by arranging the antenna array composed of dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas on the substrate, the antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected to the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device, the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device is used to manage the signal transmission and reception of the antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are an indispensable and essential component of any radio communication system. Although the tasks performed by various types of radio equipment differ, the role of antennas within these devices is fundamentally the same. All radio equipment transmits information via radio waves, therefore it must have a device capable of radiating or receiving electromagnetic waves.

[0003] Traditional antenna RF front-ends mainly use single-polarized antennas, and there are also array antennas, but they are mainly vertical arrays. These antenna structures are all two-dimensional, making it difficult to achieve high gain. As a result, traditional antenna systems have limited improvement on communication performance and poor gain effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a three-dimensional antenna RF front-end device to address the problem of poor gain performance of traditional antennas.

[0005] A three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device includes a radio frequency transceiver device and an antenna device.

[0006] The antenna device includes a substrate and two or more dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas; each dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna is mounted on the substrate; the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver, and a transmitter; the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas are connected to the filter; the filter is connected to the circulator via optical fiber; the circulator is connected to the receiver and the transmitter via optical fiber; the number of radio frequency transceivers is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is connected to the corresponding dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna;

[0007] The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna includes an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarized reflector, a dual-polarized active element, and a dual-polarized director.

[0008] A dual-polarized director, a dual-polarized active element, and a dual-polarized reflector are sequentially mounted on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarized director is located at the near-ground end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarized reflector is located at the far-ground end of the antenna axial rod; the near-ground end of the antenna axial rod is used for grounding, and the far-ground end of the antenna axial rod is located away from the ground.

[0009] The dual-polarization director includes a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally. The first director and the second director include several metal parts arranged on the antenna axial rod. Each metal part is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal part. The length of each metal part is shorter than the metal part adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active element. When the first director and the second director orthogonally form the dual-polarization director, every two metal parts with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane.

[0010] The dual-polarized reflector includes a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally. The first reflector and the second reflector each include a metal part arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod. The metal part of the dual-polarized reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal part. The first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, and the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane. The length of the metal part of the dual-polarized reflector is longer than the length of any metal part of the dual-polarized director.

[0011] The dual-polarized active element includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarized active elements, namely the first active element and the second active element. The first active element and the second active element are each composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod. One arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod and the port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarized reflector. The other arm is a functional arm, which is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector. At the same time, the first active element and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active element and the second reflector are in the same plane.

[0012] The aforementioned three-dimensional antenna RF front-end device first employs a cross-shaped structure to achieve dual polarization of two single-polarized antenna elements, which reduces signal polarization loss and ensures excellent gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions of the antenna device. Furthermore, since the radiation direction of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna is towards the ground, the ground can reflect all the radiated energy back, reducing back radiation and improving the overall gain of the antenna device. Secondly, by assembling the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas into an antenna array and placing it on a substrate, the antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, enabling the antenna device to form a vertical beam. Finally, it is connected to the corresponding RF transceiver device, which manages the signal transmission and reception of the antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment, dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

[0014] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna also includes a reflector disposed near the ground end of the antenna's axial rod.

[0015] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna further includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed to the reflector.

[0016] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized active oscillator further includes a feeding structure disposed on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure disposed on the second active oscillator, each feeding structure comprising:

[0017] A metal bump is mounted on a functional arm to receive power.

[0018] The coaxial cable has one end connected to a metal bump, which is used to transmit current to the single-polarized active element to drive the antenna.

[0019] Support components, covering the outside of the coaxial line, are used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment;

[0020] A metal casing is located outside the support member, and a portion of the metal casing is embedded in a functional arm without metal protrusions.

[0021] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna further includes a feed input component connected to a feed structure on a first active element and a feed structure on a second active element.

[0022] In one embodiment, the feed input assembly is located at the far end of the antenna axial mast.

[0023] In one embodiment, the power input component includes a coaxial feed line that connects to a power supply structure on a first active oscillator and a power supply structure on a second active oscillator.

[0024] In one embodiment, the power input component includes a balun power supply device connected to a power supply structure on a first active oscillator and a power supply structure on a second active oscillator.

[0025] In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate, and a fourth feed assembly plate. The first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate, and the fourth feed assembly plate together form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is disposed inside the cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the antenna device in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a front view of the overall structure of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the overall structure of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the components of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an active oscillator structure in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a side view of a dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure in one direction in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure from another direction in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a front view of the overall structure of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a rear view of the overall structure of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a structural block diagram of a stereo antenna radio frequency front-end device in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0043] In one embodiment, a three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes an antenna assembly 1 and a radio frequency transceiver 2. The antenna assembly 1 includes a substrate 11 and two or more dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12, each of which is disposed on the substrate 11. The radio frequency transceiver 2 includes a filter 21 (used to filter out harmonic noise and reduce interference), a circulator 22, a transmitter 23, and a receiver 24. Each dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 on the substrate 11 is connected to the filter 21. The filter 21 is connected to the circulator 22 through an optical fiber. The circulator 22 is connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23 through optical fibers. The number of radio frequency transceivers 2 is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver 2 is connected to the corresponding dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12. Specifically, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 is vertically disposed on the substrate 11. Since there are two or more dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 and RF transceivers 2, there is a corresponding relationship in the connections. For example, one RF transceiver 2 can be connected to only one dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12, or one RF transceiver 2 can be connected to multiple dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 simultaneously, or one dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 can be connected to multiple RF transceivers 2 simultaneously. This facilitates signal transmission and reception management. Furthermore, the material of the substrate 11 is not unique; it can be a metal plate or a plastic plate, etc. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 is a metal substrate, and fixing components (e.g., fixing bolts) are provided at the four corners of the substrate 11. The substrate 11 is fixed to the ground by the fixing components, improving the fixing reliability of the substrate 11. The frequency bands of each dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are arranged alternately on the substrate 11. Figure 3 As shown, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 includes a band 1 antenna and a band 2 antenna, and the two types of dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 with different frequency bands are interleaved. The specific structural dimensions of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 with different frequency bands are also different, such as... Figure 4The diagram shows a high-gain array configuration of interleaved dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in different frequency bands. The antenna in band 1 is a low-frequency antenna with a relatively high height, while the antenna in band 2 is a high-frequency antenna with a relatively low height. It should be noted that in one embodiment, dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in the same frequency band are connected to the same radio frequency transceiver device 2. For example, if there are two radio frequency transceivers 2, namely radio frequency transceiver device ① and radio frequency transceiver device ②, and there are two dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in band 1 and two dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in band 2, then both dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in band 1 are connected to radio frequency transceiver device ①, and both dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in band 2 are connected to radio frequency transceiver device ②. By interleaving the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas 12 in different frequency bands, the spacing between the two antennas is increased, indirectly increasing the effective aperture area and improving the antenna gain.

[0044] Further references can be made. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The specific structure of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 is shown, which includes a dual-polarized director 110, a dual-polarized active element 120, a dual-polarized reflector 130, and an antenna axial rod 140.

[0045] A dual-polarized director 110, a dual-polarized active element 120, and a dual-polarized reflector 130 are sequentially mounted on the antenna axial mast 140. The dual-polarized director 110 is located at the near-ground end of the antenna axial mast 140, and the dual-polarized reflector 130 is located at the far-ground end of the antenna axial mast 140. The near-ground end of the antenna axial mast 140 is used for grounding, and the far-ground end of the antenna axial mast 140 is located away from the ground. It should be noted that... Figure 5 and Figure 6 Only the overall structure of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 is shown; further details will be provided in the subsequent appendix. Figure 7-12 The specific structures of the dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active oscillator 120, and the dual-polarization reflector 130 will be described in detail.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna also includes a reflector 300, which is disposed near the ground end of the antenna axial rod 140. The antenna axial rod 140 is grounded through the reflector 300. The substrate 11 is disposed on a horizontal ground surface. After the reflector 300 is connected to the antenna axial rod 140, it is then disposed on the substrate 11. The reflector 300 is a metal plate with rectangular, circular, or regular polygonal shapes, used to enhance reflection and improve the antenna's front-to-back ratio.

[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment, although not illustrated, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 also includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed to the reflector 300. The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 can be placed inside the cavity structure of the radome to protect the antenna components.

[0048] It should be noted that, Figure 5 The image also shows a coaxial feeder 500, which will be explained in more detail later in this article. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The corresponding rear view, Figure 6 The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 and Figure 5 The overall structure of the provided dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 is the same, so further details will not be provided here. Figure 2 A detailed explanation will be provided.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the dual-polarized director 110, dual-polarized active element 120, and dual-polarized reflector 130 are relatively independent and are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod 140 (not shown). It should be noted that in the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12, the number of dual-polarized directors 110 can be multiple, and their lengths can vary. For example... Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 Four dual-polarized directors 110 are shown, with the dual-polarized reflector 130 being the longest, the dual-polarized director 110 being slightly shorter than the dual-polarized reflector 130, and the dual-polarized active element 120 being the shortest. For ease of description, the two ends of the antenna axial rod 140 can be referred to as end A and end B, where end A represents the near-ground end and end B represents the far-ground end. The dual-polarized director 110 is located at end A, and the dual-polarized reflector 130 is located at end B.

[0050] The dual-polarized director 110 includes a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally. The first director and the second director are identical and consist of several metal parts arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. These metal parts can be metal rods or metal strips. The metal parts are perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal part, so that the two ends of the metal parts are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. At the same time, the length relationship between the several metal parts is that the lengths of the metal parts are all different. The length of each metal part is shorter than the metal part adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarized active element 120. That is, along the direction from end B to end A, the length of the metal parts decreases sequentially. Alternatively, along the direction from end B to end A, the metal parts can be divided into several groups, and the lengths of the metal parts in each group are the same, but the length of each group of metal parts is shorter than the length of the group of metal parts adjacent to it and close to end B. Meanwhile, when the first director and the second director are orthogonally combined to form a dual-polarized director, the metal parts with the same length also remain orthogonal and are in the same plane. That is, the metal parts with the same length form a cross shape as shown in the figure and are set on the antenna axial rod 140.

[0051] The dual-polarized reflector 130 includes a first reflector and a second reflector orthogonally arranged. The first and second reflectors are identical, each consisting of a metal component mounted on the antenna axial rod 140. The metal component is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, with its perpendicular foot coinciding with the midpoint of the metal component, ensuring that both ends of the metal component are symmetrically positioned on the antenna axial rod 140. The first and second reflectors are located in the same plane. The length of the metal component in the dual-polarized reflector 130 is longer than the length of any metal component in the dual-polarized director 110.

[0052] like Figure 9As shown, the dual-polarized active element 120 includes two identical single-polarized active elements orthogonally arranged, namely the first active element and the second active element. Each is composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140. One arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm 121, which is attached to the antenna axial rod 140. The port 122 on the connecting arm 121 is connected to the corresponding metal part of the dual-polarized reflector 130. That is, one L-shaped metal part of the first active element is connected to one side of the metal part of the first reflector, and the other L-shaped metal part of the first active element is connected to the other side of the metal part of the first reflector. The same applies to the second active element. The length of the connecting arm 121 can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as the signal wavelength of the antenna transmission and reception. The other arm of the L-shaped metal component is a functional arm 123. The sum of the lengths of the two functional arms of the active vibrator located on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140 is greater than the length of any metal component of the dual-polarized director 101, but less than the length of the metal component of the dual-polarized reflector 130. The angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal component can be adjusted according to the actual signal transmission and reception requirements. In one embodiment, the angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal component is 90°.

[0053] See Figure 10 The relationship between the dual-polarized director 110, the dual-polarized active element 120, and the dual-polarized reflector 130 also includes: the first active element is in the same plane as the first reflector and the first director, the second active element is in the same plane as the second reflector and the second director, and the entire antenna is roughly cross-shaped when viewed from end A to end B.

[0054] See Figure 11 and Figure 12 In one embodiment, a feeding structure 200 is provided on both the first and second active oscillators of the dual-polarized active oscillator 130, including:

[0055] Metal bump 201, as a power feed point, is set on one of the functional arms 123a of the single-polarized active oscillator to receive power;

[0056] The coaxial cable 202 has a port at one end connected to a metal bump 201, which is used to transmit current to the active vibrator to drive the antenna.

[0057] The support member 203 covers the coaxial line 202 and is used to isolate the coaxial line 202 from the external environment. In one embodiment, the support member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which further serves as insulation.

[0058] A metal housing 204 is disposed outside the support member 203. At the same time, a part of the metal housing 204 is embedded in another functional arm 123b without a metal protrusion 201, which is used to ground the metal housing and create a potential difference between the coaxial line 202 and the metal housing 204.

[0059] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 further includes a feed input component connected to a feed structure on the first active element and a feed structure on the second active element. The feed input component is used to supply power to the dual-polarized reflector 130, the dual-polarized active element 120, and the dual-polarized director 110 in the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12, enabling the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12 to accept power and operate normally.

[0060] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the feed input assembly is located at the far end of the antenna axial rod 140. It will be understood that in other embodiments, the feed input assembly may also be located at the near end of the antenna axial rod 140.

[0061] Furthermore, in one embodiment, reference may be made to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The power input component includes a coaxial feed line 500, which connects the power supply structures on the first active element and the second active element. The dual-polarized active element 120 includes both a first and a second active element. The coaxial feed line 500 can be a 50-ohm coaxial line, corresponding to an input impedance of 50 ohms for the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna 12. By using the coaxial feed line 500 to provide power to the first and second active elements, an impedance transformer is not required, saving power supply costs.

[0062] In another embodiment, see reference Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 and Figure 5 The difference lies in the structure of the power input component; correspondingly, Figure 14 and Figure 6 The difference lies in the structure of the feed input component. The feed input component includes a balun feed device 600, which connects to the feed structures on the first active element and the second active element. The dual-polarized active element 120 includes a first active element and a second active element. The balun feed device 600 is a balun-to-unbalance converter, enabling balanced feeding of the antenna elements.

[0063] In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod 140 is square rod in shape. The antenna axial rod 140 is a metal support rod, and its shape can be round rod, square rod, track, etc., used to mount the various components of the antenna.

[0064] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the antenna axial rod 140 includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate, and a fourth feed assembly plate. These four feed assembly plates together form a cavity, within which a dielectric strip is disposed. The dielectric strip can be made of inorganic ceramic material or organic dielectric material, and its cross-sectional area is equal to that of the cavity, facilitating its fixation within the cavity and improving operational stability. By placing the dielectric strip within the cavity, the Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition can be achieved, forming a strong-end-fire array. The dielectric constants between each layer of elements are different, thus forming a strong-end-fire array and thereby increasing the antenna's gain. It is understood that the dual-polarized reflector 130, dual-polarized active vibrator 120 and dual-polarized director 110 mentioned above are connected to the aforementioned feed assembly plate and thus fixed on the antenna axial rod 140. For example, the dual-polarized reflector 130 can be connected to the four feed assembly plates of the first, second, third and fourth feed assembly plates at the same time, or it can be connected only to the first and third feed assembly plates to be fixed on the antenna axial rod 140.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, the RF transceiver device 2 also includes a power amplifier 25 and a low-noise amplifier 26. A circulator 22 connects to the low-noise amplifier 26, and the low-noise amplifier 26 connects to the receiver 24. The circulator 22 also connects to the power amplifier 25, and the power amplifier 25 connects to the transmitter 23. Specifically, the antenna device 1 is connected to a filter 21. The filter 21 is connected to the power amplifier 25 and the low-noise amplifier 26 via the circulator 22. The power amplifier 25 connects to the transmitter 23, and the low-noise amplifier 26 connects to the receiver 24, forming a signal transmission channel and a signal reception channel respectively. This antenna RF front-end device achieves maximum transmission and reception gain, effectively improving space utilization efficiency. Furthermore, because the antenna device 1 has a three-dimensional structure, the resulting three-dimensional array transforms the original two-dimensional antenna configuration into a three-dimensional antenna RF front-end device, enabling a single-beam configuration with maximum gain.

[0066] In this embodiment, a power amplifier 25 and a low-noise amplifier 26 are added to the signal transmission channel and signal reception channel, respectively, to amplify the power of the signal to be transmitted to increase the transmission power, and to amplify the received signal for subsequent signal processing, thereby improving the communication reliability of the antenna RF front-end device. Furthermore, the components in the RF transceiver device 2 transmit signals via optical fiber, which offers high signal transmission speed, low loss, and strong anti-interference capability, further enhancing the system's communication reliability.

[0067] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the antenna RF front-end device also includes a control device connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23. Specifically, the control device may be an MCU (Micro Control Unit). By controlling the signal reception and transmission of the antenna device 1 through the control device, the communication reliability of the antenna system is improved.

[0068] The aforementioned three-dimensional antenna RF front-end device first employs a cross-shaped structure to achieve dual polarization of two single-polarized antenna elements, which reduces signal polarization loss and ensures excellent gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions of the antenna device. Furthermore, since the radiation direction of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna is towards the ground, the ground can reflect all the radiated energy back, reducing back radiation and improving the overall gain of the antenna device. Secondly, by assembling the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas into an antenna array and placing it on a substrate, the antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, enabling the antenna device to form a vertical beam. Finally, it is connected to the corresponding RF transceiver device, which manages the signal transmission and reception of the antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0070] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device, characterized in that: It includes a radio frequency transceiver and an antenna device; The antenna device includes a substrate and two or more dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas; each of the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas is arranged on the substrate, and the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through an optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each of the radio frequency transceiver devices is respectively connected to a corresponding dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna; The dual-polarization inverted Yagi antenna comprises an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator and a dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization director, the dual-polarization active vibrator and the dual-polarization reflector are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarization director is arranged at the near-ground end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarization reflector is arranged at the far-ground end of the antenna axial rod; the near-ground end of the antenna axial rod is used for grounding, and the far-ground end of the antenna axial rod is arranged far away from the ground; the length of the dual-polarization active vibrator is shorter than that of the dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization director comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged, wherein the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the axial rod of the antenna, each of the metal pieces is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, and the length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator, and the length of the metal pieces is successively shortened along the direction from the far-ground end to the near-ground end; and when the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane; The dual-polarization reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization active vibrator includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely, a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator, wherein the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, one arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod, and a port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector, and the other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector; at the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane; The antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate. The first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate together form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity; the material of the dielectric strip is an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material, the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity, and the dielectric constants between each layer of oscillators are different.

2. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and the dual-polarized inverted Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

3. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna also includes a reflector, which is arranged at the near-ground end of the antenna axial rod.

4. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna also includes an antenna cover, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed to the reflector.

5. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization active oscillator further includes a feeding structure arranged on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure arranged on the second active oscillator, each of the feeding structures including: A metal bump, disposed on one of the functional arms, for receiving power supply; A coaxial line, one end of which is connected to the metal bump, and is used to transmit current to the single-polarization active vibrator to drive the antenna to work; A support member, covering the outside of the coaxial line, and used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment; The metal shell is arranged outside the support member, and a part of the metal shell is embedded in the functional arm where the metal protrusion is not arranged.

6. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dual-polarized inverted Yagi antenna also includes a feed input component, which is connected to the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

7. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed input assembly is arranged at the distal end of the antenna axial rod.

8. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed input component includes a coaxial feed line, and the coaxial feed line connects a feed structure on the first active oscillator and a feed structure on the second active oscillator.

9. The three-dimensional antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed input component includes a balun feeding device, and the balun feeding device connects the feeding structure on the first active oscillator and the feeding structure on the second active oscillator.

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